American journal of veterinary research最新文献

{"title":"Hyperfructosaminemia in alpacas (Vicugna pacos) is associated with hyperglycemia, hypofructosaminemia with decreased plasma proteins, and poor nutritional status.","authors":"Matthias Gerhard Wagener, Johannes Buchallik-Schregel, Petra Röhrig, Max Kornblum, Saskia Neubert, Alexandra von Altrock, Benjamin U Bauer, Thies J Nicolaisen, Martin Ganter, Frederik Kiene","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.10.0306","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.24.10.0306","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe and compare clinical and laboratory findings in alpacas with hypofructosaminemia (fructosamine low [FL]), normofructosaminemia, and hyperfructosaminemia (fructosamine high [FH]) in order to identify associations of abnormal plasma fructosamine (PF) with other clinical and laboratory findings in alpacas.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective observational study was conducted with clinical and laboratory data of 125 alpacas with FL (PF < 252 µmol/L; n = 19), normofructosaminemia (PF, 252 to 425 µmol/L; n = 93), and FH (PF > 425 µmol/L; n = 13) presented to a veterinary teaching hospital from January 2022 through January 2023. Findings of the animals were compared using descriptive statistics and comparisons (Kruskal-Wallis test, 1-way ANOVA, t test, or Mann-Whitney U test). Resulting diagnoses were tested for associations with fructosamine using the 2-sided Fisher exact test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>FL occurred more frequently in crias than adults and was associated with lower bodyweight, body condition score, PCV, total protein, albumin, and globulin. Hyperfructosaminemia was associated with hyperglycemia. While a large proportion of the alpacas with FL had cachexia (8 of 19) and/or anemia (6 of 19), the alpacas with FH were given many different diagnoses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The available data suggest that FH in alpacas is associated with hyperglycemia, whereas FL is associated with decreased plasma proteins and poor nutritional status.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>PF is rarely used in routine diagnostics in alpacas, but it can aid in the interpretation of plasma glucose, plasma proteins, and nutritional status.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glutamate dehydrogenase has diagnostic utility for detecting liver disease in African penguins (Sphensicus demersus).","authors":"Molly E Martony, Carolyn Cray, Amy Delmonaco, Steven E Nelson, Laura A Thompson, Nicole I Stacy","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.12.0410","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.24.12.0410","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To establish reference intervals for plasma glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) in clinically healthy African penguins and 2) to investigate GLDH activities in antemortem plasma from birds with confirmed liver disease postmortem.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this observational case-control study, the histopathological reports of all penguins (n = 12) at one zoological institution were reviewed over a 19-year period to identify birds with liver disease. A single archived plasma sample was evaluated for each of the clinically healthy birds, and 2 to 4 different time points of archived plasma samples were evaluated from the birds with liver disease.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of liver disease was 58% (7/12). Histopathological findings included hemosiderosis (n = 4; 3 mild, 1 severe), hepatitis (2), metastatic neoplasia (2; melanoma, proventriculus carcinoma), hepatic necrosis (2), and lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates (1). In 29 clinically healthy penguins, GLDH ranged from 0 to 12.14 U/L (mean, 6.01; reference interval, 0 to 13.55 U/L) without any effects from sex, age, or weight. The 4 birds with liver disease that exceeded normal GLDH activities included metastatic melanoma, necrotizing and heterophilic hepatitis, mild hepatic necrosis with sinusoidal yolk emboli and severe hemosiderosis, and severe hepatic necrosis. Glutamate dehydrogenase had positive correlations with ALT and AST in birds with liver disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Glutamate dehydrogenase appears to be a clinically useful predictor of liver disease in avians as in mammals. However, this liver biomarker is able to rule in liver disease, although it cannot definitively rule it out.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>These data serve to advance the understanding of noninvasive diagnosis of liver disease in penguins, which may ultimately contribute to the advancement of care and conservation of this at-risk species.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of B-mode, conventional color Doppler, and superb microvascular imaging for evaluating renal cortical thickness in dogs without and with chronic kidney disease.","authors":"Jiwoo Koh, Younghoon Song, Dong-Gil Lee, Aryung Nam, Kidong Eom, Jaehwan Kim","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.01.0012","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.25.01.0012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify the most reliable method for assessing renal function in dogs with chronic kidney disease (CKD) by comparing renal cortical thickness (RCT) evaluated using B-mode ultrasonography, conventional color Doppler imaging (CDI), and superb microvascular imaging (SMI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This observational study included dogs with at least 2 stable serum creatinine measurements within 30 days. Dogs were classified into CKD stages 1 to 4 based on International Renal Interest Society (IRIS) guidelines. Dogs without renal abnormalities were included in the control group. Ultrasonographic measurements of renal dimensions and RCT normalized to aortic diameter (RCT:Ao ratio) were obtained in sagittal, transverse, and dorsal planes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>85 dogs were analyzed including 36 control dogs and 49 dogs with CKD, consisting of 19 at stage 1, 19 at stage 2, 6 at stage 3, and 5 at stage 4. The RCT:Ao ratio in SMI showed the strongest correlation with IRIS stages, followed by CDI. Color Doppler imaging and SMI demonstrated superior diagnostic performance over B-mode according to receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. The optimal cutoff values for the RCT:Ao ratio in CDI and SMI were 0.58, 0.56, 0.51, and 0.44 for IRIS stages 1 to 4 in the sagittal plane and 0.62, 0.57, 0.53, and 0.45 in the transverse and dorsal planes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The RCT:Ao ratio measured using CDI and SMI correlated more strongly with IRIS stages than B-mode ultrasound and showed superior diagnostic performance, suggesting improved diagnostic utility.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Color Doppler imaging may improve the clinical assessment of RCT in dogs with CKD, enhancing its utility as a reliable indicator for diagnosing and staging CKD.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Veterinary hospital environments contain carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales with clonal spread between facilities (Philadelphia, PA, 2022-2023).","authors":"Robert M Holzman, Emmelyn Hsieh, Jaclyn Dietrich, Kirsten Cline, Jennifer L Dale, Regina Wagner, Paula Snippes Vagnone, Leslie Kollmann, Stephen D Cole","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.01.0024","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.25.01.0024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the patterns of environmental contamination by carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) at veterinary hospitals in or around Philadelphia, PA, and to determine genetic relatedness between isolates.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between September 2022 and August 2023, participating hospitals (n = 15) completed a survey regarding demographic data, antimicrobial stewardship efforts and prescribing practices, and infection prevention practices. Samples were collected from a variety of environmental surfaces (n = 311) at each hospital and then enriched and cultured on selective agar to screen for CPE. Confirmed CPE isolates were whole genome sequenced.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 15 hospitals that participated in the study, 6 hospitals (40%) had CPE isolated from at least 1 site. All CPE harbored the blaNDM-7 carbapenemase gene. Of the 24 confirmed CPE isolates, 21 isolates (79%) belonged to a clonal cluster of Enterobacter hormaechei subsp xiangfangensis (single nucleotide polymorphism cluster PDS000141048 on National Center for Biotechnology Information Pathogen Detection). The PDS000141048 cluster was represented at 5 of the 6 hospitals from which CPE was isolated. Additionally, the PDS000141048 cluster included previously uploaded isolates from a biosecurity screening program at 1 of the hospitals in the study, as well as isolates from clinical specimens from outside of the Philadelphia area.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These data suggest that CPE can be common in the veterinary hospital environment. We also detected the presence of a network of transmission of carbapenemase-producing E hormaechei among veterinary hospitals in the greater Philadelphia region.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>This finding highlights the importance of environmental infection prevention measures in companion animal veterinary medicine and the need for collaboration across veterinary facilities to prevent the spread of CPE.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143741989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacokinetics of single-dose oral acetaminophen with and without concurrent administration of silymarin or N-acetylcysteine in orange-winged Amazon parrots (Amazona amazonica).","authors":"Lucyanne Megan, David Sanchez-Migallon Guzman, Heather Knych, Hugues Beaufrère","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.12.0402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.24.12.0402","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the pharmacokinetics of acetaminophen (N-acetyl-para-aminophenol [APAP]) and its metabolites after oral administration of a single dose of APAP, with or without silymarin or N-acetylcysteine (NAC), to orange-winged Amazon parrots (Amazona amazonica).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Eight parrots received, in 3 separate studies, 1 of the following oral treatments: (1) APAP (100 mg/kg) with silymarin (50 mg/kg, twice, q 12 h); (2) APAP (100 mg/kg) with NAC (400 mg/kg); or (3) APAP (100 mg/kg) alone. For each study, blood samples were collected over 24 hours after drug administration to evaluate plasma concentrations of APAP, APAP-glucuronide, and APAP-sulfate. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated. Plasma biochemistry panels were performed before and after each study. In a fourth study, a single oral dose of APAP (100 mg/kg) was administered to 8 additional parrots for adverse effects evaluation alone.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pharmacokinetic parameters for APAP, APAP-glucuronide, and APAP-sulfate were established. The APAP maximum plasma concentration, time of maximal plasma concentration, and half-life across studies ranged from 2,016.9 to 2,917.2 ng/mL, 1.13 to 2.1 hours, and 1.3 to 1.45 hours, respectively. Acetaminophen had marked metabolism to APAP-glucuronide and negligible to APAP-sulfate. Concurrent administration of APAP with silymarin resulted in a mild but significant elevation in glutamate dehydrogenase.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Acetaminophen plasma concentrations were lower than in other avian species despite a relatively high dose. Acetaminophen has fast absorption, short half-life, and marked glucuronidation. Single oral dose administration of APAP, alone or with NAC, appears safe based on plasma biochemistries. Multidose and pharmacodynamic studies are needed.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>This is the first pharmacokinetic study of APAP in psittacines, which has the potential to be an effective and safe component of multimodal analgesia in these species.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143727551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Your top trending JAVMA and AJVR articles and podcast episodes of 2024.","authors":"Lisa A Fortier","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.86.04.editorial","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.86.04.editorial","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":"86 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of adenosine triphosphate bioluminescence for hygiene assessment in a veterinary medical center.","authors":"Oluwaseun Akinyede, Melissa V Boyd, Katelin E Frerichs, Aaron Rendahl, Leslie Kollmann, Jeffrey B Bender","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.09.0278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.24.09.0278","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the effectiveness of cleaning protocols and support infection prevention efforts, we instituted ATP bioluminometer monitoring at the University of Minnesota Veterinary Medical Center. Our objective with this serial cross-sectional study was to summarize our ATP bioluminescence reading from animal and human contact areas and the impact of seasonality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From April 2020 through November 2023, swabs were collected from common contact surfaces at the hospital. Using the 3M Clean-Trace ATP Luminometer, relative light units (RLUs) served as a surrogate for an assessment of hygiene. Relative light unit values were compared by location, season, and \"animal contact\" or \"human contact\" surfaces. A mixed model compared RLU levels across different locations and dates.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>ATP readings varied across locations, ranging from 5 to 301,158 RLUs, with a mean of 1,441.14 (± 8,951.79), a median of 494, and an IQR of 1,138. Most readings were below 1,000 RLUs (67%), and 37% were below 300 RLUs. Animal contact areas had lower RLU readings compared to human contact areas. The mixed model identified statistically significant variable RLU values by location but not by season.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We observed a wide variation in median RLU values across the sampled locations. This is to be expected since hospital environments are dynamic, with varied animal and human interactions throughout the day as well as changing staffing patterns and patient volumes across different seasons.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>Maintaining high hygiene standards is crucial for patient well-being and reducing the risk of healthcare-associated, zoonotic, and antimicrobial-resistant infections. The use of the ATP bioluminometer is one tool to reduce healthcare-associated infections and support better patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143673149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dextromethorphan phenotyping of healthy pet dogs reveals breed-associated differences in cytochrome P450 2D15-mediated drug metabolism.","authors":"Tania Perez Jimenez, Mara Trostle, Zhaohui Zhu, Stephanie Martinez, Michael H Court","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.12.0377","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.24.12.0377","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the population variability in dextromethorphan metabolism by cytochrome (CY) P450 2D15 (CYP2D15) in dogs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Healthy pet dogs were recruited from 2018 through 2024 from the Inland Pacific Northwest and phenotyped by orally administering the Program in Individualized Medicine cocktail, which contains dextromethorphan, a CYP2D15-specific probe drug. Glucuronidase-treated urine samples collected 6 hours after dosing were assayed for dextromethorphan and dextrorphan concentrations. Log-transformed metabolic ratios of dextrorphan divided by dextromethorphan (DOR/DXM Log MRs) were calculated. Dogs were genotyped for 5 missense CYP2D15 variants. Univariate and multivariate statistical approaches were used to evaluate associations between DOR/DXM Log MRs and demographic variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>105 dogs, including 34 mixed breeds and 71 dogs from 20 different owner-designated breeds, were enrolled and completed the study. There was a wide distribution of DOR/DXM Log MRs, from 0.97 to 2.76, representing a log unit range of 1.8 (63-fold variation DOR/DXM Log MRs). Log-transformed metabolic ratios of dextrorphan divided by dextromethorphan were normally distributed and unimodal. The mean (± SD) DOR/DXM Log MR was 2.04 ± 0.37. Multiple linear regression analysis showed significant association (R2 = 0.16) between DOR/DXM Log MRs and dog breed for Golden Retrievers (2.26 ± 0.29; N = 23) and Pugs (1.47 ± 0.29; N = 3). Log-transformed metabolic ratios of dextrorphan divided by dextromethorphan were not associated with dog sex, age, weight, or genotype.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There is substantial variability in DOR/DXM Log MR values among individuals, which can be partially attributed to differences between breeds.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>These findings predict high variability in the metabolism of drugs by CYP2D15 associated with differences between dog breeds.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143673137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indocyanine green near-infrared fluorescence imaging shows promise for intraoperative fluorescence of parathyroid tissue in dogs.","authors":"Caroline Schlaeppi Fisher, Michelle Oblak, Jacob R Levine, Kim Love, Valery F Scharf","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.24.12.0371","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.24.12.0371","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate IV indocyanine green (ICG) near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging to identify normal canine parathyroid tissue.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cumulative effect study followed by a dose evaluation study with 8 purpose-bred dogs was performed from February through April 2023. Dogs were randomized to receive IV ICG at 0.2, 0.3, or 0.4 mg/kg after the thyroid and parathyroid glands were exposed. A NIRF endoscope positioned 8 cm above the thyroid-parathyroid complex obtained images. Subjective and objective measures of fluorescence were recorded and compared for the thyroid gland, external parathyroid gland, and internal parathyroid gland.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Repeated ICG administration did not affect time to peak fluorescence but increased peak parathyroid gland fluorescence. Subjective fluorescence scores of the parathyroid glands were significantly higher in monochromatic modality compared to other ICG-NIRF modalities. Initial fluorescence was immediate for all glands. Mean time to peak objective fluorescence was 0.2 to 1.9 minutes. Higher ICG doses generally had higher peak fluorescence than lower ICG doses. Indocyanine green-NIRF did not consistently distinguish normal parathyroid glands from thyroid tissue.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>ICG-NIRF at 0.2 to 0.4 mg/kg effectively fluoresces normal parathyroid glands in dogs, although the subjective fluorescence achieved in the parathyroid glands is similar to fluorescence in the adjacent thyroid glands. Parathyroid fluorescence varied substantially between ICG-NIRF modality, with the highest fluorescence observed in the monochromatic modality.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>ICG-NIRF may aid in intraoperative localization of parathyroid glands, particularly the identification of ectopic parathyroid tissue. Further evaluation of ICG-NIRF for the identification of pathologic parathyroid tissue in clinical patients is indicated.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143673140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laparoscopic ultrasonography identifies more liver lesions in dogs compared to transabdominal ultrasonography.","authors":"Francesca P Solari, J Brad Case, Federico R Vilaplana Grosso, Elizabeth A Maxwell, Rachel W Williams, Kathleen Ham, Roniel Cabrera","doi":"10.2460/ajvr.25.01.0031","DOIUrl":"10.2460/ajvr.25.01.0031","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the use of laparoscopic ultrasound (LUS) for evaluation of the liver in dogs with clinical liver disease and to compare the findings of LUS to transabdominal ultrasound (TUS).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>8 client-owned dogs presenting for laparoscopic liver biopsies due to clinical liver disease were enrolled. All dogs underwent TUS, and liver lesions were identified, localized, and quantified per presumed liver lobe. Laparoscopic examination and LUS of the liver were performed, and liver lesions were identified, localized, and quantified. Laparoscopic liver biopsies were obtained and submitted for histopathological analysis, copper analysis, and culture and susceptibility.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median time to perform hepatobiliary TUS was 10 minutes (IQR, 7.5 to 12 minutes), and the median time to perform LUS and laparoscopic examination of the liver was 19.5 minutes (IQR, 17.8 to 23.5 minutes). The number of lesions identified on LUS versus TUS was significantly different, with 5 dogs having an additional 28 lesions identified on LUS that were not found on TUS. The diameter of lesions identified on TUS and LUS ranged from 0.3 to 4.5 cm and 0.1 to 4.1 cm, respectively. In 2 dogs, LUS was used to guide the biopsy of liver lesions that were not grossly appreciable on laparoscopic examination.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>LUS identifies more liver lesions compared to TUS and can be used to guide the biopsy of lesions that are not grossly appreciable laparoscopically.</p><p><strong>Clinical relevance: </strong>LUS should be considered when staging patients with hepatobiliary neoplasia and may result in the identification of additional liver lesions missed on preoperative imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":7754,"journal":{"name":"American journal of veterinary research","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143673155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}