Inflammatory marker analysis of uterine cytobrush samples helps identify mares with endometritis.

IF 1.3 3区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

American journal of veterinary research Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI:10.2460/ajvr.25.02.0059

Jennine Lection, Maria Schnobrich, Bettina Wagner, Michael Byron, Bradley Back, Alicia Rollins, Rafaella F Castro Alves, Soon Hon Cheong, Mariana Diel de Amorim

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate inflammatory cytokine and chemokine concentrations in endometrial samples collected by cytobrush or swab as a potential screening diagnostic marker for equine endometritis.

Methods: 88 mares had endometrial samples collected, which included cytobrush, swab, and/or biopsy. Clinical reproductive records, reproductive ultrasound examination, endometrial cytology and culture results, and biopsy grading score were recorded. Fluorescent bead-based multiplex assays for the inflammatory markers interferon-γ, interferon-α, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-10, IL-17A, soluble CD14, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, C-C motif chemokine ligand (CCL)-2, CCL3, CCL5, and CCL11 were carried out from the endometrial cytobrush and swab samples in reproductively healthy mares and mares with endometritis in a prospective cross-sectional study.

Results: The endometrial cytobrush technique yielded higher inflammatory marker concentrations for mares with endometritis than endometrial swabs. Tumor necrosis factor-α was increased in endometrial cytobrush samples from estrous mares that had endometrial neutrophils on cytology (n = 14; median, 4,185 pg/mL; IQR, 1,318.8 to 7,530 pg/mL) compared to samples from mares without neutrophils on cytology (n = 68; median, 1,653 pg/mL; IQR, 672 to 3,606.8 pg/mL; CI, 288 to 3,715) and in mares with endometritis (n = 14; median, 4,185 pg/mL; IQR, 1,318.8 to 7,530 pg/mL) compared to mares without endometritis (n = 57; median, 1,718 pg/mL; IQR, 651.5 to 3,968 pg/mL; CI, 580 to 4,383). Finally, mares with uterine TNF-α concentrations < 3,942 pg/mL in combination with CCL5 concentrations < 15,985 pg/mL had a 100% chance of identifying as a mare with a healthy endometrium.

Conclusions: Increased concentrations of TNF-α and CCL5 in endometrial cytobrush samples are identified in mares with inflammatory endometritis.

Clinical relevance: Inflammatory markers measured from endometrial cytobrush samples could be used to identify mares for endometritis that may have false negative results.

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子宫细胞刷样本的炎症标志物分析有助于识别患有子宫内膜炎的母马。

目的：探讨细胞刷或拭子法采集的马子宫内膜标本中炎性细胞因子和趋化因子的浓度，作为马子宫内膜炎的潜在筛查诊断指标。方法：采集88匹母马子宫内膜标本，包括细胞刷、拭子和/或活检。记录临床生殖记录、生殖超声检查、子宫内膜细胞学及培养结果、活检分级评分。在一项前瞻性横切面研究中，对生殖健康母马和子宫内膜炎母马的子宫内膜细胞刷和拭子样本进行了基于荧光珠的炎症标志物干扰素-γ、干扰素-α、IL-1β、IL-4、IL-10、IL-17A、可溶性CD14、肿瘤坏死因子(TNF)-α、C-C基序趋化因子配体(CCL)-2、CCL3、CCL5和CCL11的多元检测。结果：子宫内膜细胞刷技术对子宫内膜炎母马的炎症标志物浓度高于子宫内膜拭子。在细胞学上有子宫内膜中性粒细胞的发情母马的子宫内膜细胞刷样本中，肿瘤坏死因子-α升高(n = 14；中位数为4185 pg/mL；IQR, 1,318.8至7,530 pg/mL)，与细胞学上没有中性粒细胞的母马样本相比(n = 68；中位数为1653 pg/mL；IQR为672 ~ 3,606.8 pg/mL；CI 288 ~ 3,715)和患有子宫内膜炎的母马(n = 14；中位数为4185 pg/mL；IQR为1,318.8至7,530 pg/mL)，与未患子宫内膜炎的母马相比(n = 57；中位数为1718 pg/mL；IQR: 651.5 ~ 3968 pg/mL；CI, 580 - 4383)。最后，子宫TNF-α浓度< 3942 pg/mL和CCL5浓度< 15985 pg/mL的母马有100%的机会被识别为子宫内膜健康的母马。结论：炎症性子宫内膜炎的母马子宫内膜细胞刷样品中TNF-α和CCL5浓度升高。临床相关性：从子宫内膜细胞刷样本中测量的炎症标志物可用于识别子宫内膜炎的母马，可能有假阴性结果。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

American journal of veterinary research 农林科学-兽医学

CiteScore

1.70

自引率

10.00%

发文量

186

审稿时长

3 months

期刊介绍： The American Journal of Veterinary Research supports the collaborative exchange of information between researchers and clinicians by publishing novel research findings that bridge the gulf between basic research and clinical practice or that help to translate laboratory research and preclinical studies to the development of clinical trials and clinical practice. The journal welcomes submission of high-quality original studies and review articles in a wide range of scientific fields, including anatomy, anesthesiology, animal welfare, behavior, epidemiology, genetics, heredity, infectious disease, molecular biology, oncology, pharmacology, pathogenic mechanisms, physiology, surgery, theriogenology, toxicology, and vaccinology. Species of interest include production animals, companion animals, equids, exotic animals, birds, reptiles, and wild and marine animals. Reports of laboratory animal studies and studies involving the use of animals as experimental models of human diseases are considered only when the study results are of demonstrable benefit to the species used in the research or to another species of veterinary interest. Other fields of interest or animals species are not necessarily excluded from consideration, but such reports must focus on novel research findings. Submitted papers must make an original and substantial contribution to the veterinary medicine knowledge base; preliminary studies are not appropriate.