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Anthropogenic Pollution and Changes in Heavy Metals and Biogenic Compounds Levels in the Kurkuzhin River (2021–2022): a Tributary of the Central Caucasus
IF 0.9 4区 化学
Russian Journal of General Chemistry Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1134/S1070363224130012
L. Z. Zhinzhakova, E. A. Cherednik
{"title":"Anthropogenic Pollution and Changes in Heavy Metals and Biogenic Compounds Levels in the Kurkuzhin River (2021–2022): a Tributary of the Central Caucasus","authors":"L. Z. Zhinzhakova,&nbsp;E. A. Cherednik","doi":"10.1134/S1070363224130012","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1070363224130012","url":null,"abstract":"<p>An assessment of pollution in the small, non-glacial Kurkuzhin River, a right tributary of the glacial Malka River, was conducted by comparing data collected over a two-year observation period with standard maximum permissible concentration (MPC) values. Water quality was characterized according to established land surface water classifications. The analysis included elemental composition data for trace pollutants—Cr, Ni, Mo, Mn, Zn, and Pb—along with biogenic compounds such as NO<sub>2</sub><sup>‒</sup> , NO<sub>3</sub><sup>‒</sup> , and NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>. The study covered both the foothill and lowland zones of the Kurkuzhin, highlighting distinctive features of spatio-temporal pollution patterns and providing an environmental assessment of water pollution by year. The non-glacial waters of the Kurkuzhin River were classified as “consistently polluted” during 2021–2022.</p>","PeriodicalId":761,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of General Chemistry","volume":"94 13","pages":"3457 - 3461"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143361635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Influence of Seasonal and Anthropogenic Factors on Changes in Concentrations of Heavy Metals in Urban Water Systems
IF 0.9 4区 化学
Russian Journal of General Chemistry Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1134/S1070363224130218
V. A. Kudryavtseva, T. A. Popova, T. D. Shigaeva
{"title":"Influence of Seasonal and Anthropogenic Factors on Changes in Concentrations of Heavy Metals in Urban Water Systems","authors":"V. A. Kudryavtseva,&nbsp;T. A. Popova,&nbsp;T. D. Shigaeva","doi":"10.1134/S1070363224130218","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1070363224130218","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The concentrations of zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and copper (Cu) compounds in bottom sediments and surface waters of the Chernaya River in St. Petersburg in the spring-summer and autumn periods were determined. Analysis of water quality at the river source (sampling point S1) revealed a persistent anthropogenic impact on the water system associated with heavy metal pollution throughout the entire observation period. The ecological situation in bottom sediments was assessed. The most polluted areas were found near the source of the river, at point S1. According to the geo-accumulation index (<i>I</i><sub>geo</sub>), contamination with cadmium and copper is assessed as moderate, while for mercury (Hg) this indicator ranges from moderate (spring) to severe (summer). In areas with high anthropogenic impact, the proportion of mobile forms of metals in bottom sediments increases.</p>","PeriodicalId":761,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of General Chemistry","volume":"94 13","pages":"3602 - 3610"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143362117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Eutrophication of Water Bodies and Control of This Process with the Use of Zooplankton and Planktophage Fish
IF 0.9 4区 化学
Russian Journal of General Chemistry Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1134/S1070363224130371
T. N. Gerasimova, A. P. Sadchikov
{"title":"Eutrophication of Water Bodies and Control of This Process with the Use of Zooplankton and Planktophage Fish","authors":"T. N. Gerasimova,&nbsp;A. P. Sadchikov","doi":"10.1134/S1070363224130371","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1070363224130371","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The study was carried out in a number of small water bodies within the boundaries of Moscow. In these water bodies, regular and mass blooming of cyanobacteria and green algae was recorded. Due to the long-term repeated spawning during the summer, juvenile fish of various sizes were constantly present in the pond. They mostly consume large-size zooplankton. Because of this, the dimensional structure of the population shifts towards smaller species. <i>Simocephalus vetulus</i> was recorded in the water body only once (July, 24). Its number was as small as 0.1 spec/L. After that, up to the end of the study, it was not observed in the pond, although it developed very well in an experimental ecosystem (into which it had entered from the water body). In an isolated flow-through ecosystem (in the absence of fish), the number of <i>S. vetulus</i> in August reached about 9 thousand spec/L. It was not observed in the pond because of its grazing by fish.</p>","PeriodicalId":761,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of General Chemistry","volume":"94 13","pages":"3596 - 3601"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143361609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Study of Interactions between Extreme Concentrations of Organic Solvents and Freshwater Plants: Toxicity and Tolerance
IF 0.9 4区 化学
Russian Journal of General Chemistry Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1134/S1070363224130309
V. A. Poklonov, S. A. Ostroumov, E. V. Anikina, V. V. Erofeeva
{"title":"Study of Interactions between Extreme Concentrations of Organic Solvents and Freshwater Plants: Toxicity and Tolerance","authors":"V. A. Poklonov,&nbsp;S. A. Ostroumov,&nbsp;E. V. Anikina,&nbsp;V. V. Erofeeva","doi":"10.1134/S1070363224130309","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1070363224130309","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this article, the effects of high concentrations of four types of organic solvents (benzene, toluene, chloroform, pyridine) on three types of aquatic plants (<i>Ceratophyllum demersum</i> L., <i>Elodea</i>​<i> canadensis</i> Mchk.,<i> Chara fragilis</i> D.) were studied. The experiments were conducted in laboratory (freshwater) microcosms. The tested pollutant concentrations reached 5000 times the Maximum Allowable Concentration (MACs). The incubation temperature was maintained at 24±1.5°C, with observations spanning 7 days (168 h). Macrophyte <i>C. fragilis</i> could not remain viable (death within 24 h). Macrophytes<i> C. demersum</i> and <i>E. canadensis</i> showed a relatively high level of resistance to water pollution by pyridine and chloroform. Therefore, these species may serve as potential candidates for phytoremediation of aquatic environments contaminated with these substances.</p>","PeriodicalId":761,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of General Chemistry","volume":"94 13","pages":"3661 - 3671"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143361636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Anthropogenic and Natural Biogenic Pollution in the Urvan River: А Three-Year Study
IF 0.9 4区 化学
Russian Journal of General Chemistry Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1134/S1070363224130036
L. Z. Zhinzhakova, E. A. Cherednik
{"title":"Anthropogenic and Natural Biogenic Pollution in the Urvan River: А Three-Year Study","authors":"L. Z. Zhinzhakova,&nbsp;E. A. Cherednik","doi":"10.1134/S1070363224130036","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1070363224130036","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study assesses the pollution of the Urvan River, a 52-kilometer-long non-glacial tributary of the Cherek River, one of the main watercourses in Kabardino-Balkaria. Results from three years of observations were compared to established standard concentration values, and the water quality in the middle and lower reaches of the river was determined. The concentrations of pollutants in the Urvan River were analyzed, with particular attention to biogenic compounds such as NO<sub>2</sub><sup>‒</sup>, NO<sub>3</sub><sup>‒</sup>, and NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup>, using chemical analysis methods conducted in an accredited laboratory according to established guidelines. An interannual comparative analysis of pollutant levels from 2021 to 2023 identified the year with the highest levels of biogenic compounds, which significantly impacted the river’s ecological condition. A classification system for environmental quality classes of surface water was employed to assess year-round pollution by year and season. The findings show that the Urvan River remains consistently polluted throughout all phases of the hydrological cycle. The study also highlights distinctive features of the river’s ecosystem and variations in pollution levels during the research period.</p>","PeriodicalId":761,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of General Chemistry","volume":"94 13","pages":"3467 - 3471"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143361661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pyrimidine Derivatives: Prediction of the Biological Activity Spectrum and Ecological Safety
IF 0.9 4区 化学
Russian Journal of General Chemistry Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1134/S1070363224130139
O. B. Ivanchenko, F. Chzhao, A. S. Tsyrulnikova
{"title":"Pyrimidine Derivatives: Prediction of the Biological Activity Spectrum and Ecological Safety","authors":"O. B. Ivanchenko,&nbsp;F. Chzhao,&nbsp;A. S. Tsyrulnikova","doi":"10.1134/S1070363224130139","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1070363224130139","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Most pyrimidine derivatives are biologically active, and their broad range of applications necessitates studying their cellular activity against microorganisms. The antimicrobial activity of fluorine-substituted pyrimidine derivatives (2-mercapto-4-methyl-6-perfluorohexylpyrimidine, 2-methylmercapto-4-methyl-6-perfluorohexylpyrimidine, and 2-amino-4-methyl-6-perfluorohexylpyrimidine) was evaluated against bacterial (<i>Bacillus subtilis</i>, <i>Escherichia coli</i>) and yeast (<i>Rhodotorula rubra</i>, <i>Candida tropicalis</i>) cells, with 6-methyluracil included as a control compound. The derivatives showed activity against <i>Bacillus subtilis</i>, although there was no consistent concentration-response relationship. The minimum effective concentration for 2-methylmercapto-4-methyl-6-perfluorohexylpyrimidine and 2-amino-4-methyl-6-perfluorohexylpyrimidine was 5 mg/ml. <i>Candida tropicalis</i> exhibited lower sensitivity to the compounds. Notably, 2-amino-4-methyl-6-perfluorohexylpyrimidine displayed toxicological activity against <i>Bacillus subtilis</i> in the test medium. The impact of 2-mercapto-4-methyl-6-perfluorohexylpyrimidine and 2-amino-4-methyl-6-perfluorohexylpyrimidine on the growth of filamentous fungi, <i>Aspergillus niger</i> and <i>Alternaria alternata</i>, was also studied. The most significant inhibitory effect (up to 11.1%) was observed on the growth of <i>Alternaria alternata</i> by 2-mercapto-4-methyl-6-perfluorohexylpyrimidine in the tested concentration range. The biological properties of the compounds were predicted using two online platforms, Way2Drug (Pass Online) and SwissDrugDesign (SwissADME). The substances were predicted to have an inhibitory effect on protein kinase.</p>","PeriodicalId":761,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of General Chemistry","volume":"94 13","pages":"3537 - 3544"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143361626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Synthesis, Acute Toxicity, and Insecticidal Activity of Organofluorine Derivatives of β-D-Ribofuranoside
IF 0.9 4区 化学
Russian Journal of General Chemistry Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1134/S1070363224130097
V. V. Belakhov, I. V. Boikova, I. L. Krasnobaeva
{"title":"Synthesis, Acute Toxicity, and Insecticidal Activity of Organofluorine Derivatives of β-D-Ribofuranoside","authors":"V. V. Belakhov,&nbsp;I. V. Boikova,&nbsp;I. L. Krasnobaeva","doi":"10.1134/S1070363224130097","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1070363224130097","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Organofluorine derivatives of β-D-ribofuranoside were synthesized. Biological tests revealed low toxicity and high insecticidal activity of the obtained compounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":761,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of General Chemistry","volume":"94 13","pages":"3505 - 3514"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143361630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Interaction of Mine Water with Sulfide Minerals in Copper-Tin Ores at the Festivalnoe Deposit, Khabarovsk Krai
IF 0.9 4区 化学
Russian Journal of General Chemistry Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1134/S1070363224130140
V. P. Zvereva, K. R. Frolov, P. M. Artemov
{"title":"Interaction of Mine Water with Sulfide Minerals in Copper-Tin Ores at the Festivalnoe Deposit, Khabarovsk Krai","authors":"V. P. Zvereva,&nbsp;K. R. Frolov,&nbsp;P. M. Artemov","doi":"10.1134/S1070363224130140","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1070363224130140","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This article presents, for the first time, the results of modeling the interaction between mine waters from the Festivalnoye deposit in the Komsomolsky ore district and sulfide minerals characteristic of copper-tin ores. The research was conducted using the method of physicochemical modeling with the software complex Selektor across a broad temperature range (–25 to +45°C). The study established the Eh-pH parameters of the solutions, their ionic and molecular compositions, and the associations of precipitated technogenic minerals across 21 variants. The chemical interactions were analyzed both for individual sulfide minerals—such as chalcocite, covellite, bornite, chalcopyrite, arsenopyrite, pyrite, pyrrhotite, galena, and sphalerite—and for their paragenesis, including cases where one of the sulfides was excluded from the model chemical composition. The findings reveal that technogenic mineralization occurs throughout the entire temperature range under study.</p>","PeriodicalId":761,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of General Chemistry","volume":"94 13","pages":"3545 - 3553"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143361623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Asymmetric Synthesis of (R)-1-Phenylethanol
IF 0.9 4区 化学
Russian Journal of General Chemistry Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1134/S1070363224130164
A. R. Chanysheva, N. V. Privalov, L. I. Khafizova, V. V. Zorin
{"title":"Asymmetric Synthesis of (R)-1-Phenylethanol","authors":"A. R. Chanysheva,&nbsp;N. V. Privalov,&nbsp;L. I. Khafizova,&nbsp;V. V. Zorin","doi":"10.1134/S1070363224130164","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1070363224130164","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Optically active secondary alcohols are valuable precursors for synthesis of medicines and substances for agriculture. Previously, the possibility of stereoselective synthesis of (<i>S</i>)-(–)-1-phenylethanol and (<i>R</i>)-(+)-1-phenylethanol from acetophenone under the action of biocatalysts of various stereo directions was shown. In order to increase the yield and optical purity of the target less accessible (<i>R</i>)-(+)-1-phenylethanol, the possibility of using various exogenous reducing agents (ethanol, isopropanol or glucose) in the reaction of enantioselective bioreduction of acetophenone catalyzed by Phaseolus vulgaris plant cells with R-reductase activity was investigated.</p>","PeriodicalId":761,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of General Chemistry","volume":"94 13","pages":"3561 - 3565"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143361625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Water Quality Assessment in the Vicinity of Trout Farming at Lake Kholmovskoye, Primorsky District, Arkhangelsk Region
IF 0.9 4区 化学
Russian Journal of General Chemistry Pub Date : 2025-02-07 DOI: 10.1134/S107036322413005X
N. V. Klimovskiy, V. M. Bykov
{"title":"Water Quality Assessment in the Vicinity of Trout Farming at Lake Kholmovskoye, Primorsky District, Arkhangelsk Region","authors":"N. V. Klimovskiy,&nbsp;V. M. Bykov","doi":"10.1134/S107036322413005X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S107036322413005X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study presents hydrochemical assessments conducted in the vicinity of a trout farm in Lake Kholmovskoye during the summer of 2022 and winter of 2023. Parameters including pH, mineralization, dissolved oxygen, and nutrient levels were analyzed. The compliance of these parameters with regulatory standards for water quality in fisheries was evaluated. Based on its chemical composition, Lake Kholmovskoye is classified as a low-mineralized, hydrocarbonate-type lake (131 mg/L) with a slightly alkaline pH range of 7.9–8.3. Observations indicated that concentrations of phosphorus, nitrogen, and silicon salts in both summer and winter did not exceed permissible limits for fisheries. Dissolved oxygen levels were within acceptable ranges for aquatic life during both periods of the study.</p>","PeriodicalId":761,"journal":{"name":"Russian Journal of General Chemistry","volume":"94 13","pages":"3483 - 3489"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143361655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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