Kathryn G. Anderson , Molly F. Lazarus , Lisa Bruckert , Rocio V. Poblaciones , Melissa Scala , Virginia A. Marchman , Heidi M. Feldman , Katherine E. Travis
{"title":"Neonatal inflammation and near-term white matter microstructure in infants born very preterm","authors":"Kathryn G. Anderson , Molly F. Lazarus , Lisa Bruckert , Rocio V. Poblaciones , Melissa Scala , Virginia A. Marchman , Heidi M. Feldman , Katherine E. Travis","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2024.100226","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2024.100226","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Severe neonatal inflammatory conditions in very preterm infants (VPT: <32 weeks gestational age, GA) are linked to adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes. Differences in white matter (WM) microstructure of the corpus callosum (CC) have been observed at age 6 in VPT children with a history of severe neonatal inflammation. The goal of this study was to determine whether these CC differences can be detected at term-equivalent age using diffusion MRI (dMRI), and whether neonatal inflammation is associated with altered WM in additional tracts implicated in the encephalopathy of prematurity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective study of VPT infants (<em>n</em> = 152) born at 22–32 weeks GA, classified based on the presence (I+, <em>n</em> = 80) or absence (I-, <em>n</em> = 72) of severe neonatal inflammatory conditions (bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, or culture-positive sepsis). Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) assessed group differences in near-term dMRI mean fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) across seven segments of the CC and the anterior thalamic radiation, arcuate fasciculus, cingulum, corticospinal tract, inferior longitudinal fasciculus, superior cerebellar peduncle, and uncinate fasciculus. Due to imbalance of GA in the full sample, secondary ANCOVA analyses were performed in a GA-matched subset (<em>n</em> = 42) to further isolate the effect of inflammation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>FA was significantly lower in the I+ group compared to the I- group in the anterior frontal, posterior parietal, temporal, and occipital segments of the CC, and in the cingulum, inferior longitudinal fasciculus, and superior cerebellar peduncle. This general pattern persisted in the GA-matched subset, with significant differences in the anterior frontal and temporal CC segments.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>VPT infants with severe neonatal inflammation had lower FA in multiple white matter tracts, suggesting that inflammation-related alterations in WM development begin in the neonatal period. The observed differences detected using dMRI at term-equivalent age corroborate prior findings and may provide a window of opportunity for early identification of VPT infants at increased risk of poor neurodevelopmental outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100226"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142723934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Katherine Boere , Francesca Anderson , Kent G. Hecker , Olav E. Krigolson
{"title":"Measuring cognitive load in multitasking using mobile fNIRS","authors":"Katherine Boere , Francesca Anderson , Kent G. Hecker , Olav E. Krigolson","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2024.100228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2024.100228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cognitive load, or the mental effort required to process and retain information, is a critical factor in high-stakes environments where task demands often exceed working memory capacity, leading to performance declines and errors. However, most cognitive load research has relied on controlled, single-task paradigms, limiting its applicability to real-world multitasking situations. Addressing this gap, we used a mobile, two-channel functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) device to measure cognitive load in a complex multitasking environment, simulating real-world cognitive demands. Thirty-one undergraduate participants engaged in single-task and multitask conditions to simulate real-world cognitive demands. Results showed that subjective cognitive load ratings were higher, performance scores were lower, and error rates increased in the multitask condition compared to the single-task condition. However, contrary to expectations, prefrontal cortex activation did not increase in the multitask condition, suggesting a \"cognitive disengagement\" effect, where the brain limits engagement to manage overload. This finding challenges the traditional one-to-one association between cognitive load and prefrontal activation, as seen in simpler validation studies. Our study highlights the value of mobile fNIRS for assessing cognitive load in ecologically valid settings and provides insights that could inform strategies for optimizing performance in high-stakes environments like aviation and healthcare.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100228"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142705859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kellen K. Petersen , Bhargav T. Nallapu , Richard B. Lipton , Ellen Grober , Ali Ezzati
{"title":"MRI-guided clustering of patients with mild dementia due to Alzheimer's disease using self-organizing maps","authors":"Kellen K. Petersen , Bhargav T. Nallapu , Richard B. Lipton , Ellen Grober , Ali Ezzati","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2024.100227","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2024.100227","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a phenotypically and pathologically heterogenous neurodegenerative disorder. This heterogeneity can be studied and disentangled using data-driven clustering techniques.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We implemented a self-organizing map clustering algorithm on baseline volumetric MRI measures from nine brain regions of interest (ROIs) to cluster 1041 individuals enrolled in the placebo arm of the EXPEDITION3 trial. Volumetric MRI differences were compared among clusters. Demographics as well as baseline and longitudinal cognitive performance metrics were used to evaluate cluster characteristics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Three distinct clusters, with an overall silhouette coefficient of 0.491, were identified based on MRI volumetrics. Cluster 1 (N = 400) had the largest baseline volumetric measures across all ROIs and the best cognitive performance at baseline. Cluster 2 (N = 269) had larger hippocampal and medial temporal lobe volumes, but smaller parietal lobe volumes in comparison with the third cluster (N = 372). Significant between-group mean differences were observed between Clusters 1 and 2 (difference, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.85 to 2.91; P < 0.001), Clusters 1 and 3 (difference, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.41 to 2.44; P < 0.001), but not between Clusters 2 and 3 (difference, 0.45; 95% CI, −0.11 to 1.02; P = 0.146) in ADAS-14.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Volumetric MRI can be used to identify homogenous clusters of amyloid positive individuals with mild dementia. The groups identified differ in baseline and longitudinal characteristics. Cluster 1 shows little ADAS-14 change over the first 40 weeks of study on placebo treatment and may be unsuitable for identifying early benefits of treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142705860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Angela Pisoni , Jeffrey Browndyke , Simon W. Davis , Moria Smoski
{"title":"Evaluating state-based network dynamics in anhedonia","authors":"Angela Pisoni , Jeffrey Browndyke , Simon W. Davis , Moria Smoski","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2024.100225","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2024.100225","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anhedonia is a transdiagnostic clinical syndrome associated with significant clinical impairment. In spite of this, a clear network-level characterization of anhedonia does not yet exist. The present study addressed this gap in the literature by taking a graph theoretical approach to characterizing state-based (i.e., reward anticipation, rest) network dynamics in a transdiagnostic sample of adults with clinically significant anhedonia (<em>n</em> = 77). Analyses focused on three canonical brain networks: the Salience Network (SN), the Default Mode Network (DMN) and the Central Executive Network (CEN), with hypotheses focusing on the role of saliency-mapping in anhedonia. Contrary to hypotheses, no significant relation was found between the SN and anhedonia symptom severity. Exploratory results revealed a significant association between anhedonia severity and DMN reorganization from rest to reward anticipation. Specifically, greater anhedonia severity was associated with less reward-related reorganization. This finding suggests that anhedonia severity may be associated with DMN hyposensitivity, such that individuals with more severe anhedonia may have a difficult time disengaging from their internal world in the context of potentially rewarding experiences. Although preliminary, this finding challenges the centrality of the SN in anhedonia severity and suggests the importance of the DMN. Clinical implications and future directions are explored.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142535329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Juliana Zimmermann , Rachel Nuttall , Daniel Golkowski , Gerhard Schneider , Andreas Ranft , Rüdiger Ilg , Afra Wohlschlaeger , Christian Sorg , Marlene Tahedl
{"title":"Unresponsiveness induced by sevoflurane and propofol is associated with reduced basal forebrain cholinergic nuclei functional connectivity in humans, a pilot exploratory study","authors":"Juliana Zimmermann , Rachel Nuttall , Daniel Golkowski , Gerhard Schneider , Andreas Ranft , Rüdiger Ilg , Afra Wohlschlaeger , Christian Sorg , Marlene Tahedl","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2024.100224","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2024.100224","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Studies suggest the cholinergic system is involved in anesthesia-induced unconsciousness, hence unresponsiveness. A significant source of cholinergic innervation comes from basal forebrain cholinergic nuclei (BFCN), with bi-directional connections between anterior BFCN and the default mode network (DMN). Since DMN functional connectivity (FC) is consistently reduced during anesthesia-induced unresponsiveness in humans, we hypothesized that BFCN-FC during anesthesia-induced unresponsiveness is reduced and particularly, anterior BFCN-FC reductions might be related to DMN-FC reductions. Resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) signal correlations (i.e., a proxy for FC) were calculated. FC seeds were anterior and posterior BFCN and the DMN. Rs-fMRI data come from healthy male controls during wakefulness and anesthesia with sevoflurane (n = 15) (at fixed concentrations: 2 and 3 vol%) and propofol titrated to the endpoint of clinical unresponsiveness (n = 12), respectively. FC state differences were tested via paired t-tests; FC changes for anterior BFCN and DMN were associated via correlation analysis. We found reduced anterior and posterior BFCN-FC with sevoflurane and propofol compared to wakefulness. The correlation between reduced DMN-FC-and anterior BFCN-FC reductions was r = 0.57 (p = 0.01) for sevoflurane 3 vol%, r = 0.34 (p = 0.11) for sevoflurane 2 vol% and r = 0.47 (p = 0.06) for propofol. In summary, in this exploratory pilot study, we demonstrated reduced BFCN-FC and a potential correlation between reduced anterior BFCN-FC and DMN-FC during sevoflurane and propofol anesthesia. This suggests DMN changes as a potential factor of anterior BFCN-FC reductions during anesthesia-induced unresponsiveness and BFCN-FC reduction as a potential sign of such state.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142421849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elisabeth Jehli , Fabienne Burri , Niklaus Denier , Franz Moggi , Andrea Federspiel , Roland Wiest , Maria Stein , Tobias Bracht , Matthias Grieder , Leila M. Soravia
{"title":"Increased functional connectivity of amygdalar-frontal pathways in patients with alcohol use disorder and childhood trauma","authors":"Elisabeth Jehli , Fabienne Burri , Niklaus Denier , Franz Moggi , Andrea Federspiel , Roland Wiest , Maria Stein , Tobias Bracht , Matthias Grieder , Leila M. Soravia","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2024.100223","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2024.100223","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Childhood trauma (CT) often co-occurs with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and is associated with poor treatment outcome. We could demonstrated that patients with AUD and a history of childhood trauma showed reduced structural connectivity of the amygdala. Here, we additionally aimed to investigate fronto-limbic functional connectivity (FC) in patients with AUD with (AUD-CT) and without (AUD-noCT) CT. Based on findings in CT, we hypothesized reduced FC of the amygdala with the prefrontal cortex in AUD-CT and worse treatment outcome compared to AUD-noCT.</div><div>Resting state fMRI scans were acquired in abstinent inpatients with AUD and healthy controls (HCs). We compared bilateral amygdala FC between AUD-CT (n = 21), AUD-noCT (n = 22), and HC (n = 27) using seed-based connectivity (SBC) and region-of-interest to region-of-interest (ROI-ROI) analysis. Sociodemographic and alcohol-specific variables (percent days abstinent, PDA) were assessed at treatment admission and three-month follow-up. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) assessed trauma severity. SBC analysis revealed that AUD-CT showed increased FC of the left and right amygdala with the medial prefrontal cortex and left paracingulate gyrus compared to HC. AUD-CT showed increased ROI-ROI FC of the left with the right amygdala and the right amygdala with the medial prefrontal cortex. Moreover, AUD-CT exhibited a greater reduction of PDA at three-month follow-up compared to AUD-noCT.</div><div>Increased FC of the amygdala, the medial prefrontal cortex, and paracingulate gyrus in AUD-CT might be a compensatory adaption to the reduced structural connectivity of the amygdala. Those specific alterations of FC in AUD-CT may represent a distinguishable neurobiological subtype of AUD, possibly underlying the complex clinical picture and worse treatment outcome.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142421848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Music literacy shapes the specialization of a right hemispheric word reading area","authors":"Alice Mado Proverbio , Elham Sanoubari","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2024.100219","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2024.100219","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aimed to examine differences in the brain activity of professional musicians and non-musicians, particularly in relation to neuroplastic changes that may be associated with musical training. Specifically, we investigated whether the ability to read complex musical notation might be linked to neurofunctional adaptations that could influence word reading mechanisms. The study involved 80 participants (half of which were musicians). High-density EEG recordings and swLORETA inverse solutions were employed to analyze brain activity related to word processing and orthographic analysis. The electromagnetic signals were analyzed in the temporal window corresponding to the latency of N170 component (150–190 ms). Musicians and musically naïve people (controls) were matched based on native language, sociocultural and educational status, age, and laterality preference. Behavioural data and reading proficiency tests demonstrated higher reading skills (for words, non-words and text), and faster RTs to target letters embedded in words, in musicians. Source reconstruction showed fundamental differences in word reading mechanisms between musicians and non-musicians, including a larger involvement of the right occipitotemporal cortex, in the former than the latter. In particular, musicians showed a bilateral activation of the middle occipital gyrus (BA19, <em>Visual Word Form Area</em>), which was strongly lateralized to the left hemisphere in controls, during word orthographic analysis. A relationship is proposed between music literacy, enhanced reading skills and the development of a right-sided reading area for notation recognition in musicians, which could serve as a potential protective factor for ‘surface’ dyslexia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142319596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Roberta Poceviciute, Kenneth Mitchell, Angeliki Maria Nikolakopoulou, Suehyun K. Cho, Xiaobo Ma, Phillip Chen, Samantha Figueroa, Ethan J. Sarmiento, Aryan Singh, Oren Hartstein, William G. Loudon, Florent Cros, Alexander S. Kiselyov
{"title":"Quantitative 3D reconstruction of viral vector distribution in rodent and ovine brain following local delivery","authors":"Roberta Poceviciute, Kenneth Mitchell, Angeliki Maria Nikolakopoulou, Suehyun K. Cho, Xiaobo Ma, Phillip Chen, Samantha Figueroa, Ethan J. Sarmiento, Aryan Singh, Oren Hartstein, William G. Loudon, Florent Cros, Alexander S. Kiselyov","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2024.100218","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2024.100218","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Viral vectors are an active area of research and development to treat diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). However, systemic delivery of large-molecular weight biologics is complicated by limited crossing of the blood-brain barrier, immunological clearance from the circulation, off-target effects, and systemic or organ toxicity. Local drug delivery can mitigate these obstacles, however, the drug must still be distributed over sufficiently large tissue volume to achieve the desired efficacy. In the field of drug delivery, quantitative, high resolution spatial analysis of drug distribution in the brain and other organs poses a challenge. To address this issue, we introduce a computational pipeline to reconstruct and quantify 3D distribution of locally delivered viral vectors from 2D microscopy images of subsampled brain sections. This pipeline, which combined existing and newly developed machine-learning and other computational tools, effectively removed false positive artifacts abundant in large-scale images of uncleared tissue sections, and subsampling adequately predicted the dispersion of model viral vectors from the point of local drug delivery. Furthermore, the pipeline successfully captured differences in the distribution of adeno virus (AdV) and adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors exhibiting varying sizes and transport properties. Notably, the proposed method is directly applicable to the distribution studies of therapeutics in large animal models. Thus, our developed pipeline is an accessible tool that can aid the research and development of local drug delivery strategies for the treatment of CNS diseases with viral vectors and potentially other therapeutics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666956024000242/pdfft?md5=649e0ec0565896c07b30e30068195caa&pid=1-s2.0-S2666956024000242-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142312842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
David J. Madden , Jenna L. Merenstein , Todd B. Harshbarger , Linda C. Cendales
{"title":"Changes in functional and structural brain connectivity following bilateral hand transplantation","authors":"David J. Madden , Jenna L. Merenstein , Todd B. Harshbarger , Linda C. Cendales","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2024.100222","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2024.100222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>As a surgical treatment following amputation or loss of an upper limb, nearly 200 hand transplantations have been completed to date. We report here a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) investigation of functional and structural brain connectivity for a bilateral hand transplant patient (female, 60 years of age), with a preoperative baseline and three postoperative testing sessions each separated by approximately six months. We used graph theoretical analyses to estimate connectivity within and between modules (networks of anatomical nodes), particularly a sensorimotor network (SMN), from resting-state functional MRI and structural diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). For comparison, corresponding MRI measures of connectivity were obtained from 10 healthy, age-matched controls, at a single testing session. The patient's within-module functional connectivity (both SMN and non-SMN modules), and structural within-SMN connectivity, were higher preoperatively than that of the controls, indicating a response to amputation. Postoperatively, the patient's within-module functional connectivity decreased towards the control participants' values, across the 1.5 years postoperatively, particularly for hand-related nodes within the SMN module, suggesting a return to a more canonical functional organization. Whereas the patient's structural connectivity values remained relatively constant postoperatively, some evidence suggested that structural connectivity supported the postoperative changes in within-module functional connectivity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"4 4","pages":"Article 100222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266695602400028X/pdfft?md5=3f218672fb852970f6ff0550aa502811&pid=1-s2.0-S266695602400028X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142272798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}