Neuroimage. Reports最新文献

{"title":"Incidental neuroimaging findings in South African adult research participants with and without neuropsychiatric disorders","authors":"Chanellé Hendrikse ,&nbsp;Tina Malan ,&nbsp;Stéfan du Plessis ,&nbsp;Jonathan Carr ,&nbsp;Martin Kidd ,&nbsp;Robin Emsley ,&nbsp;Soraya Seedat","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2022.100130","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2022.100130","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>There is a lack of comparative data on the occurrence and clinical significance of incidental neuroimaging findings (IFs) in adult research participants with neuropsychiatric disorders and healthy controls. We investigated and compared the frequency, clinical significance and predictors of IFs on structural brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans of research participants between the ages of 18–78 years living in Cape Town, South Africa. Our sample (<em>N</em> = 295) included individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (<em>n</em> = 122) or Parkinson's disease (<em>n</em> = 21), and healthy controls (<em>n</em> = 152). T1 ME-MPRAGE weighted structural MRI scans were acquired and subsequently reviewed for IFs by radiologists. A neurologist reviewed radiological reports and categorised IFs according to their estimated clinical significance. IFs were observed on the scans of 95 (32%) participants but most IFs were either judged to be clinically non-significant (49%) or of unknown clinical significance (32%). Eighteen participants (6%) had clinically significant findings that required referral for further clinical management. Age was a significant predictor of having an IF, whereas a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease was a significant predictor of having a clinically significant IF.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266695602200054X/pdfft?md5=bb579ff030a08357bae4c916e2b288af&pid=1-s2.0-S266695602200054X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44086378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The neural signatures of the psychological construct “flow”: A replication study","authors":"Martin Ulrich ,&nbsp;Filip Niemann ,&nbsp;Georg Grön","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2022.100139","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2022.100139","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The psychological construct “flow” has received major attention during the last decade by various scientific branches in the fields of psychology and neuroscience. Flow is operationally defined in relation to the boundary conditions of boredom and overload. According to the conditions’ arrangement, two major neural flow effects are of interest, inferred by quadratic trends of neural activation. The inverted U-shaped pattern of neural activation is characterized by greater neural activation during the flow condition relative to boredom and overload, while the U-shaped pattern is the reverse, that is, lower neural activation during flow relative to its boundary conditions. Both effects have repeatedly been reported during the last years and have seen greater scientific resonance, which is why we found it necessary to try to replicate recent findings. A fresh sample of 41 healthy male participants was investigated with BOLD functional magnetic resonance imaging in combination with our flow paradigm. Electrodermal activation served as read-out of the flow effect on the psychophysiological level. Evidence of replication was quantified in terms of the replication Bayes factor. We observed strong replication evidence for electrodermal activation and decisive evidence of replication for both neural flow effects. Aspects of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, anterior insula and parietal cortex showed inverted U-shaped activation. U-shaped activation was predominant in aspects of medial prefrontal cortex, ventral striatum, amygdala and along the cingulate cortex (subgenual, middle and posterior). Despite its strong replicability, the flow paradigm has been administered in men-only samples so far. Therefore, present results still await empirical replication in women-only samples.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666956022000630/pdfft?md5=a53390eec48ac95ff8a3e6de91a94c67&pid=1-s2.0-S2666956022000630-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44961858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Segmentation of intrinsically very low contrast magnetic resonance brain images using tensor-based DTI registration","authors":"M.L. Al-Saady ,&nbsp;N.I. Wolf ,&nbsp;P.J.W. Pouwels","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2022.100120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ynirp.2022.100120","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>In patients with hypomyelinating leukodystrophies, contrast of T1-weighted brain MRI is very low due to the lack of myelin, preventing a reliable segmentation. In diffusion tensor images the contrast is higher, thanks to anisotropy and orientation of white matter (WM) tracts. We aimed to develop and assess a tensor-guided atlas-based segmentation method suitable for segmentation of very low contrast images.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>17 control subjects (mean age 8.0 yrs (SD 8.0)) and 27 subjects with hypomyelinating leukodystrophies (mean age 10.7 yrs (SD 10.2)) were included. DTI and 3D T1 images were segmented using a DTI-TK tensor-guided IIT-atlas-based segmentation method. For the control subjects, these segmentations were compared with a conventional segmentation of their 3D T1-weighted images. A qualitative visual assessment and a quantitative assessment using DTI metrics was performed to assess the patient segmentations.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In control subjects, the tensor-based method performed as can be expected for atlas-based segmentation methods, with Dice coefficients of 0.65, 0.72, 0.81 and 0.86 for cortical grey matter (GM), WM, deep grey matter (DGM), and thalamus, respectively. In patients with hypomyelination the visual assessment showed anatomically adequate segmentations. All tissue-specific DTI metrics differed between patients and controls. Patients with hypomyelination had reduced FA and increased mean, axial and radial diffusivities, not only in total WM, but also in the corticospinal tracts, optic radiations and thalamus.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Even in the absence of normal myelin, the presence and direction of axons allowed tensor-based registration and thereby atlas-based segmentation. We showed the applicability of the segmentation method in the context of quantitative MRI, allowing for whole-brain or regional tissue-specific and tract-specific analyses of very low contrast images.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666956022000447/pdfft?md5=755e5f396601e2ffa609fa8f8d63c401&pid=1-s2.0-S2666956022000447-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136427114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Midfrontal theta is associated with errors, but no evidence for a link with error-related memory","authors":"Xiaochen Y. Zheng ,&nbsp;Syanah C. Wynn","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2022.100129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ynirp.2022.100129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Midfrontal theta is widely observed in situations with increased demand for cognitive control, such as monitoring response errors. It also plays an important role in the cognitive control involved in memory, supporting processes like the binding of single items into a memory representation or encoding contextual information. In the current study, we explored the link between midfrontal theta and error-related memory. To this end, we recorded EEG from 31 participants while they performed a modified flanker task. Their memory for the errors made during the task was assessed after each experimental block, and its relationship with error-related midfrontal theta effects was investigated. We have replicated the error-related increase in midfrontal theta power, reported in previous literature. However, this error-related theta effect could not predict subsequent memory of the committed errors. Our findings add to a growing literature on the prefrontal cortex-guided control process in error monitoring and memory.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666956022000538/pdfft?md5=b104fb511e8ff1a27ca3b7e6b462dfd8&pid=1-s2.0-S2666956022000538-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136427115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediating effect of pubertal stages on the family environment and neurodevelopment: An open-data replication and multiverse analysis of an ABCD Study®","authors":"Michael I. Demidenko ,&nbsp;Dominic P. Kelly ,&nbsp;Felicia A. Hardi ,&nbsp;Ka I. Ip ,&nbsp;Sujin Lee ,&nbsp;Hannah Becker ,&nbsp;Sunghyun Hong ,&nbsp;Sandra Thijssen ,&nbsp;Monica Luciana ,&nbsp;Daniel P. Keating","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2022.100133","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2022.100133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Increasing evidence demonstrates that environmental factors meaningfully impact the development of the brain (<span>Hyde et al., 2020</span>; <span>McEwen and Akil, 2020</span>). Recent work from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study® suggests that puberty may indirectly account for some association between the family environment and brain structure and function (<span>Thijssen et al., 2020</span>). However, a limited number of large studies have evaluated what, how, and why environmental factors impact neurodevelopment. When these topics are investigated, there is typically inconsistent operationalization of variables between studies which may be measuring different aspects of the environment and thus different associations in the analytic models. Multiverse analyses (<span>Steegen et al., 2016</span>) are an efficacious technique for investigating the effect of different operationalizations of the same construct on underlying interpretations. While one of the assets of <span>Thijssen et al. (2020)</span> was its large sample from the ABCD data, the authors used an early release that contained 38% of the full ABCD sample. Then, the analyses used several ‘researcher degrees of freedom’ (<span>Gelman and Loken, 2014</span>) to operationalize key independent, mediating and dependent variables, including but not limited to, the use of a latent factor of preadolescents' environment comprised of different subfactors, such as parental monitoring and child-reported family conflict. While latent factors can improve reliability of constructs, the nuances of each subfactor and measure that comprise the environment may be lost, making the latent factors difficult to interpret in the context of individual differences. This study extends the work of <span>Thijssen et al. (2020)</span> by evaluating the extent to which the analytic choices in their study affected their conclusions. In Aim 1, using the same variables and models, we replicate findings from the original study using the full sample in Release 3.0. Then, in Aim 2, using a multiverse analysis we extend findings by considering nine alternative operationalizations of family environment, three of puberty, and five of brain measures (total of 135 models) to evaluate the impact on conclusions from Aim 1. In these results, 90% of the directions of effects and 60% of the <em>p</em>-values (e.g. <em>p</em> &gt; .05 and <em>p</em> &lt; .05) across effects were comparable between the two studies. However, raters agreed that only 60% of the effects had replicated. Across the multiverse analyses, there was a degree of variability in beta estimates across the environmental variables, and lack of consensus between parent reported and child reported pubertal development for the indirect effects. This study demonstrates the challenge in defining which effects replicate, the nuance across environmental variables in the ABCD data, and the lack of consensus across parent and child reported pu","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9770593/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10534845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Individualized prediction of future cognition based on developmental changes in cortical anatomy","authors":"Budhachandra Khundrakpam ,&nbsp;Linda Booij ,&nbsp;Seun Jeon ,&nbsp;Sherif Karama ,&nbsp;Jussi Tohka ,&nbsp;Alan C. Evans","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2022.100127","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2022.100127","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Predictive modeling studies have started to reveal brain measures underlying cognition; however, most studies are based on cross-sectional data (brain measures acquired at one time point). Since brain development comprises of continuously ongoing events leading to cognitive development, predictive modeling studies need to consider <em>‘longitudinal brain change’</em> as opposed to ‘<em>cross-sectional brain measures’</em>. Using longitudinal neuroimaging and cognitive data (global executive composite score, an index of executive function) from 82 individuals (aged 5–14 years, scanned 3 times), we built highly accurate prediction models (<em>r</em> = 0.61, <em>p</em> = 1.6e-09) of future cognition (assessed at visit 3) based on developmental changes in cortical anatomy (from visit 1 to 2). More importantly, <em>longitudinal brain change</em> (i.e. change in cortical anatomy from visit 1 to 2) and <em>cross-sectional brain measures</em> (cortical anatomy at visit 1 and 2) were critical for predicting future cognition, suggesting the need for considering <em>longitudinal brain change</em> in predicting cognitive outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666956022000514/pdfft?md5=4d13c7707cdd6f0401bd897e0de2ee0e&pid=1-s2.0-S2666956022000514-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41404849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional gray matter volume correlates to physical and mental fatigue in healthy middle-aged adults","authors":"Handityo Aulia Putra ,&nbsp;Kaechang Park ,&nbsp;Fumio Yamashita ,&nbsp;Kei Mizuno ,&nbsp;Yasuyoshi Watanabe","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2022.100128","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2022.100128","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Previous studies on neural/molecular mechanisms of fatigue focused on a variety of brain functions, morphological changes, and neurochemical functions such as neurotransmitter and neuroimmune dynamics. However, MRI morphological changes were adopted primarily to compare patients with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) and healthy controls. A few studies have been done on healthy subjects with fatigue scores; one study with 63 adults (their ages of 53.2 ± 8.3) showed the gray matter volume (GMV) reduction in good correlation with a higher score of fatigue. The other one with university students (their ages of 20.7 ± 1.8) demonstrated no significant correlation between regional GMV (rGMV) and fatigue severity. To elucidate the brain structural underpinning in parallel with fatigue development, a large number of healthy middle-aged adults (n = 1873; aged 54.1 ± 5.4) without ME/CFS were recruited, and the correlation between both rGMV in the cerebrum including basal ganglia and Chalder's fatigue questionnaire (CFQ) with physical and mental categories were investigated. A higher CFQ score denotes a higher perceived fatigue level by the participant. The physical fatigue scores of CFQ showed a significantly negative correlation (i.e., smaller rGMV for higher CFQ score) with the volume of the right planum temporale and supplemental motor cortex (SMC), while the left putamen, middle temporal gyrus (MTG), parietal operculum, and right precentral gyrus showed a significantly positive correlation (i.e., bigger rGMV for higher CFQ score). In the mental fatigue scores, the right SMC and left lateral orbital gyrus (LOG) showed a significantly negative correlation, while only the left fusiform gyrus showed a significantly positive correlation. In total scores of (both physical and mental) fatigue, the right SMC and orbital part of the inferior frontal gyrus (OIFG) showed a negative correlation, while the left putamen and MTG showed a positive correlation. Therefore, the right SMC may play a critical role in fatigue progression because of the only common factor among physical, mental, and total fatigue. The left putamen may play a compensatory role with a positive correlation to physical and total fatigue. Additionally, identifying the other gray matter regions that positively or negatively correlated to CFQ of healthy adults may help deepen the understanding of early-stage fatigue progression, leading to the future establishment of preventive measures through volumetrics by using MRI.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666956022000526/pdfft?md5=3c927aba059d5e56accf4c28d87c1fd4&pid=1-s2.0-S2666956022000526-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44588190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic functional connectivity associated with prospective memory success in children","authors":"Teruo Hashimoto ,&nbsp;Susumu Yokota ,&nbsp;Satoshi Umeda ,&nbsp;Ryuta Kawashima","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2022.100144","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2022.100144","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To remember the prospective intention successfully, going back and forth between the background task and the intention, i.e., the dynamics of these multiple processes can be critical. An executive function like task switching has been associated with the success of prospective memory (PM) in children, but the neural mechanism of PM in children has not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to reveal the dynamic functional connectivity underlying the success of PM in children. Healthy 108 children, aged 7 to 15, were engaged in a single trial PM task, with a 30-min delay. Temporal variabilities in their resting-state functional connectivity were analyzed, using sliding windows with seed regions of interest ROIs of the PM network. About 70% of children successfully remembered the intention; they showed greater dynamics in neural connectivity between the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and intraparietal sulcus, and between the right DLPFC and insula as compared to children with PM failure. Everyday activities and the usual attention to ongoing processes can be associated with alertness in the right frontoparietal network and internal-state monitoring in the insula network, and those dynamics might be associated with one-time event PM success in children.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266695602200068X/pdfft?md5=3fcfc7be988d65c7e6da3c88dc13b5b2&pid=1-s2.0-S266695602200068X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48280586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep Learning Based Detection of Enlarged Perivascular Spaces on Brain MRI","authors":"T. Rashid, Hangfan Liu, J. Ware, Karl Li, J. Romero, Elyas Fadaee, I. Nasrallah, S. Hilal, R. Bryan, T. Hughes, C. Davatzikos, L. Launer, S. Seshadri, S. Heckbert, M. Habes","doi":"10.48550/arXiv.2209.13727","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2209.13727","url":null,"abstract":"Deep learning has been demonstrated effective in many neuroimaging applications. However, in many scenarios, the number of imaging sequences capturing information related to small vessel disease lesions is insufficient to support data-driven techniques. Additionally, cohort-based studies may not always have the optimal or essential imaging sequences for accurate lesion detection. Therefore, it is necessary to determine which imaging sequences are crucial for precise detection. This study introduces a deep learning framework to detect enlarged perivascular spaces (ePVS) and aims to find the optimal combination of MRI sequences for deep learning-based quantification. We implemented an effective lightweight U-Net adapted for ePVS detection and comprehensively investigated different combinations of information from SWI, FLAIR, T1-weighted (T1w), and T2-weighted (T2w) MRI sequences. The experimental results showed that T2w MRI is the most important for accurate ePVS detection, and the incorporation of SWI, FLAIR and T1w MRI in the deep neural network had minor improvements in accuracy and resulted in the highest sensitivity and precision (sensitivity =0.82, precision =0.83). The proposed method achieved comparable accuracy at a minimal time cost compared to manual reading. The proposed automated pipeline enables robust and time-efficient readings of ePVS from MR scans and demonstrates the importance of T2w MRI for ePVS detection and the potential benefits of using multimodal images. Furthermore, the model provides whole-brain maps of ePVS, enabling a better understanding of their clinical correlates compared to the clinical rating methods within only a couple of brain regions.","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84764764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artistic expertise shapes face perception: An alpha frequency and N170 study on portraiture","authors":"Joana Pereira Seabra ,&nbsp;Laura Kaltwasser ,&nbsp;Maik Mylius ,&nbsp;Vittorio Gallese","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2022.100117","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2022.100117","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Expertise in several areas appears to modulate neurocognitive processes. These processes have been observed to differ in visual arts experts compared to the general population. Here, we aimed to investigate whether visual artists' neural responses to tasks within and outside their field of expertise are contrasting to the responses of non-experts. Fifteen visual artists' and fifteen non-artists’ EEG measures were recorded as each participant was presented with two consecutive tasks: face perception and drawing. Face perception activities were assessed by comparing the groups’ amplitude and latency of the N170 in response to complete and incomplete faces. Artists exhibited a larger N170 amplitude to facial stimuli than non-artists, pointing toward significance. Complete faces elicited the stronger response for both groups. A cluster-based permutation test showed that alpha frequency, previously linked to expertise, significantly differed between the artist and nonartists groups during drawing. Our results suggest differing neurocognitive processing for artists compared to non-artists in both field-specific and nonfield-specific tasks, in that expertise in drawing impacts neuronal activity in response to faces.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666956022000411/pdfft?md5=8fc3f25229b41507efad7b8010371d2b&pid=1-s2.0-S2666956022000411-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43156635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}