Neuroimage. Reports最新文献

{"title":"Motor and default mode network states of rest in frontal lobe epilepsy","authors":"Tahereh Rashnavadi ,&nbsp;Raphael F. Casseb ,&nbsp;Kristine E. Woodward ,&nbsp;Paolo Federico ,&nbsp;Bradley Goodyear","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100278","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE), marked by recurrent seizures arising from the frontal lobes, can significantly impair cognitive and motor function, reducing quality of life. Recent studies suggest that epilepsies can involve functional networks throughout the brain that can be identified using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). In this study, we aimed to determine whether FLE is associated with a distinct functional network brain states. Using dynamic functional connectivity analysis in combination with <em>k</em>-means clustering, we investigated dynamic connectivity patterns of the somatomotor network (SMN) and default mode network (DMN) of ten right-hemisphere and six left-hemisphere FLE patients, as well as nine healthy controls. We found two distinct states of rest for both the SMN and DMN: a high connectivity state and a lower, more variable connectivity state that was often specific to individual patients. Both FLE groups showed reduced overall connectivity compared to controls, with the greatest differences emerging during the low connectivity state. Right FLE patients and controls exhibited relatively uniform reductions, whereas left FLE patients showed spatially specific disruptions, including reduced lateral-to-medial SMN connectivity and decreased connectivity in posterior and left-lateralized DMN regions. Our findings suggest that dynamic connectivity analysis can uncover the temporal complexity and patient-specific nature of brain network disruption in FLE, supporting the development of personalized diagnostic and treatment strategies. Further research with larger cohorts is necessary to validate these results and explore additional factors affecting brain functional connectivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 3","pages":"Article 100278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144501544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural and effective brain connectivity in focal epilepsy","authors":"S.B. Jelsma ,&nbsp;M. Zijlmans ,&nbsp;I.B. Heijink ,&nbsp;F.W.A. Hoefnagels ,&nbsp;M. Raemaekers ,&nbsp;W.M. Otte ,&nbsp;N.E.C. van Klink ,&nbsp;D. van Blooijs","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Epilepsy surgery is usually based on the removal of a local epileptogenic zone. If epilepsy is considered a network disease, a network approach might be more suitable. Insight into patient-specific epileptic brain networks is necessary to establish network-based surgical strategies.</div><div>We included epilepsy surgery candidates who underwent diffusion-weighted imaging and intracranial EEG implantation with single pulse electrical stimulation (SPES, 0.2 Hz, 1–8 mA, 1 ms, monophasic stimuli) during presurgical evaluation. We reconstructed structural connectivity using fiber tractography taking intracranial electrodes as nodes. We reconstructed effective connectivity with SPES cortico-cortical evoked responses. We determined the inter-modal similarity between structural and effective connectivity with the Jaccard index, and compared network topologies using degree and betweenness centrality. We constructed a linear multilevel model to evaluate the relation between structural and effective connectivity at subject group level. The seizure onset zone nodes (SOZ), node proximity, and the volume of the electrode contact areas (VEA) were added to the model as possible predictors to accommodate for epilepsy and irregular spatial sampling.</div><div>We included 13 patients (five with electrocorticography, eight with stereo-EEG). The median Jaccard index was 0.25 (IQR: 0.20–0.29), which means there is a higher overlap than expected by chance (median expected Jaccard index = 0.1 (IQR: 0.07–0.17)) with a considerable amount of connections that did not overlap. The structural connectivity degree showed a significant positive correlation with the effective connectivity degree in 9/13 patients and at group level after accommodating for node proximity (β = 0.13, 95 %-CI = [0.04, 0.21], t(852) = 2.79, p = 0.0054). SOZ and VEA were no significant predictors for the correlation between structural and effective connectivity.</div><div>We showed a moderate overlap between non-invasive structural (measured with DWI) and invasive effective (measured with SPES) connectivity in epileptic brain networks. This overlap supports using non-invasively determined connectivity along with intracranial EEG to understand the epileptic brain. Future research needs to translate these findings towards network-based surgical strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 3","pages":"Article 100274"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144501543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of protocol factors and participant characteristics on functional near-infrared spectroscopy data quality after stroke","authors":"Erin L. Meier ,&nbsp;Lisa D. Bunker ,&nbsp;Hana Kim ,&nbsp;Alexandra Zezinka Durfee ,&nbsp;Victoria Tilton-Bolowsky ,&nbsp;Voss Neal ,&nbsp;Argye E. Hillis","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) is an emerging neurotechnology that has several advantages over fMRI, but questions remain about factors that affect data quality and activity in stroke survivors. We examined the effect of protocol factors (Aim 1) and participant characteristics (Aim 2) on raw fNIRS signal quality and tested associations between quality control metrics and brain activity and connectivity (Aim 3) in a sample of 107 individuals with a history of left or right hemisphere stroke. Participants completed tasks that varied by cognitive and motor speech demands (from low to high): Resting State, Discourse Comprehension, and Picture Naming. Scalp-coupling indices, peak spectral power values, and number of bad channels from each task were extracted from the Quality Testing of Near Infrared Scans (QT-NIRS) toolbox (Montero-Hernandez and Pollonini, 2020) and used to index raw data quality. Data quality did not vary by session location or protocol experience, but all data quality metrics from Picture Naming were significantly lower than those from the other tasks. fNIRS signals were generally worse for Black women compared to Black men and White individuals regardless of gender. No significant associations between the raw fNIRS signal quality and Resting State functional connectivity were found. However, relative changes in Picture Naming hemoglobin concentrations were associated with scalp-coupling indices for certain channels. These results highlight the need for careful data preprocessing of already collected data and a systematic approach in future studies to mitigate inherent biases of optical instruments, thereby enhancing the inclusion of underrepresented groups in neuroscience research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 3","pages":"Article 100276"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144470059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Headache-specific hyperexcitation sensitises and habituates on different time scales: An event related potential study of pattern-glare","authors":"Cihan Dogan ,&nbsp;Claire E. Miller ,&nbsp;Tom Jefferis ,&nbsp;Margarita Saranti ,&nbsp;Austyn J. Tempesta ,&nbsp;Andrew J. Schofield ,&nbsp;Ramaswamy Palaniappan ,&nbsp;Howard Bowman","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100271","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cortical hyperexcitability is a key pathophysiological feature in several neurological disorders, including migraine, epilepsy, tinnitus, and Alzheimer's disease. We examined the temporal characteristics of Event Related Potentials (ERPs) in a healthy population using the Pattern Glare Test, a diagnostic tool used to assess patients with sensitivity to cortical hyperexcitability. In pre-experiment questionnaires, participants reported their susceptibility to a range of symptoms. A factor analysis over these responses identified three variables, with the one we investigate in this paper loading strongly on headache symptoms, e.g. headache frequency. We investigated two timeframes: habituation over the course of the entire experiment and sensitization over the course of a sequence of stimulus presentations. We found evidence of hyperexcitability at electrodes over visual cortex, for the aggravating stimulus (grating of ∼3 cycles/deg). Participants higher on the headache factor exhibited a higher degree of habituation and sensitization, with evidence that the level of sensitization habituated through the course of the experiment. These findings suggest that the same experimental paradigm and analysis should be performed on a clinically diagnosed population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 3","pages":"Article 100271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144365500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative susceptibility mapping of paramagnetic rim lesions in early multiple sclerosis: A cross-sectional study of brain age and disability","authors":"Lars Skattebøl ,&nbsp;Rigmor Lundby ,&nbsp;Mathias H. Øverås ,&nbsp;Piotr Sowa ,&nbsp;Elisabeth G. Celius ,&nbsp;Hanne F. Harbo ,&nbsp;Wibeke Nordhøy ,&nbsp;Einar A. Høgestøl ,&nbsp;Gro O. Nygaard","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Chronic inflammation in multiple sclerosis is associated with neurodegeneration and progressive functional decline. Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) is an MRI technique that visualizes paramagnetic rim lesions (PRLs), which are indicative of chronic inflammation. In this cross-sectional study, we explored the prevalence of PRLs in multiple sclerosis and assessed their associations with clinical disability, tissue magnetic susceptibility, and brain age predictions.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>All participants from the NOR-MS study with a 3T MRI T1-weighted magnetization-prepared rapid gradient echo and QSM were included (n = 42, mean age = 39.4 years, 59.5 % females, median disease duration = 0.1 years [IQR: 0.02–5.42]). The presence and characteristics of PRLs were evaluated by an experienced neuroradiologist. PRL and non-PRL susceptibility were categorized into separate groups through manual segmentation and voxel-wise analysis. We utilized a validated simple fully convolutional network and T1-weighted images to estimate brain age, and its derivative – brain age gap (BAG). Clinical disability was assessed using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>PRLs were identified in 14.3 % (n = 6) of study participants, and correlated with EDSS (rho = 0.86, p = 0.03). The mean paramagnetic rim susceptibility was 25.6 ± 14.1 parts per billion and correlated with EDSS (rho = 0.93, p = 0.008). EDSS was significantly higher in the PRL-positive group (median EDSS 2.25 vs 1.5, p = 0.02). The PRL-positive group exhibited a mean 5.6-year higher BAG (p = 0.01) than the PRL-negative group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>PRLs were present in a significant subset of study participants with MS and were associated with greater disability and higher BAG.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 3","pages":"Article 100277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144331342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"White matter changes with rehabilitation in children with Co-occurring autism spectrum disorder and developmental coordination disorder","authors":"Melika Kangarani-Farahani ,&nbsp;Jill G. Zwicker","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Up to 88 % of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience motor difficulties consistent with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). Cognitive Orientation to daily Occupational Performance (CO-OP) intervention is effective for children with co-occurring ASD and DCD to learn motor skills, but it is unknown if treatment-induced brain changes occur in this clinical population. Our objectives were to: (1) investigate changes in white matter microstructure in children with ASD + DCD after CO-OP intervention; (2) determine whether these brain changes are maintained three months after intervention; and (3) explore the relationship of white matter changes with improvements in motor function.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this quasi-experimental study, 24 children with ASD + DCD (aged 8–12 years) underwent an initial MRI and were randomly assigned to either a treatment or waitlist group. The treatment group received CO-OP intervention (once weekly for 10 weeks), had a second MRI post-intervention, and a follow-up scan three months later. The waitlist group waited three months for their second MRI, received the intervention, and then had a post-treatment scan. Diffusion tensor imaging data were analyzed using tract-based spatial statistics.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Children with ASD + DCD showed increased fractional anisotropy in cerebellar white matter in vermal lobule VI and middle cerebellar peduncle after CO-OP (Cohen's d = 0.88 and 0.85, respectively). Brain changes were maintained three months post-intervention. Regression analysis found no relationship between white matter changes and motor outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Improvements in cerebellar white matter pathways in children with ASD + DCD highlight the efficacy of CO-OP interventions as a therapeutic approach for this clinical population.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical trials registration</h3><div>ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04119492.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 3","pages":"Article 100272"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144298088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative MRI-based decision model for early-stage parkinsonism diagnosis: a pilot feasibility study","authors":"Laura Nunez-Gonzalez ,&nbsp;Elise G.P. Dopper ,&nbsp;Anke W. van der Eerden ,&nbsp;Samy Abo Seada ,&nbsp;Agnita J.W. Boon ,&nbsp;Marcel M. Verbeek ,&nbsp;Bastiaan R. Bloem ,&nbsp;Frederick Jan Anton Meijer ,&nbsp;Juan Antonio Hernandez-Tamames","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100273","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100273","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 3","pages":"Article 100273"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144279814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Representative scale-invariant characteristics of male and female brains in magnetic resonance images","authors":"Matthew Toews ,&nbsp;Talía Vázquez Romaguera ,&nbsp;William Wells III ,&nbsp;Nikos Makris","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100267","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100267","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the link between sex and the human brain from anatomical MRI data, where a primary confound is the size difference between male and female groups. Anatomy is characterized by the 3D scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT), where features are salient image regions that are automatically identified and normalized according local size or scale. Experiments use T1-w MRI data of 422 healthy unrelated subjects from the Human Connectome Project (HCP) dataset (211 males, 211 females, 22–36 years of age). We found that brain sex may be predicted via image-to-image feature matching with 91.9% accuracy, that classification is driven largely by weakly-informative features distributed throughout the brain and shared by unique subsets of subjects, and that a pair of features identified in the right and left thalamic regions of 97% of subjects predicts sex with 74% accuracy. Misclassified subjects exhibit features typical of the opposite sex in one or both hemispheres.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 3","pages":"Article 100267"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144255194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the impact of transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation in subjects with and without burnout: Potential benefits for executive function and neural processing","authors":"Mia Pihlaja ,&nbsp;Kaisa M. Hartikainen","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100268","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100268","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Many brain disorders and conditions, including occupational burnout, are linked with challenges in executive function (EF). Yet, there is a lack of treatments geared at restoring them. We have previously demonstrated that VNS enhances EF in patients with epilepsy and that transcutaneous VNS (tVNS) modulates the underlying neural processes in healthy subjects. In this study, we investigated the immediate impact of tVNS on EF in subjects with and without occupational burnout.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>We hypothesized that tVNS enhances EF, as reflected in both behavioral and neural levels. Subjects with (n = 27) and without burnout (n = 24) performed an integrated computer-based test of EF, the Executive Reaction Time (RT) test. At the same time, EEG was recorded and tVNS or sham stimulation was delivered to each subject in an alternating manner. Event-related potentials, N2 and P3, peak and interpeak amplitudes, and latencies were used to evaluate the speed and allocation of neural processes linked with EFs and errors and RTs to assess performance.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Frontal N2-P3 interpeak latency (IPL) in the NoGo condition was shorter with active tVNS (m = 157.6 ms (IQR = 59.2 ms)) than with sham (m = 169.6 ms (IQR = 88.4 ms), p = 0.01). Further, active tVNS reduced total errors in healthy subjects.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Active tVNS resulted in partly accelerated neural processing in the context of response inhibition in both groups and enhanced EF performance in subjects without burnout. We suggest that tVNS enhances neural processes underlying EFs in specific situations. Even though caution is warranted, tVNS shows some promise as a potential cognitive enhancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 3","pages":"Article 100268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144167367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) detects brain changes for apathy and pain in patients with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias: An exploratory study","authors":"Allison J. Huff ,&nbsp;Juyoung Park ,&nbsp;Samuel Montero-Hernandez ,&nbsp;Lindsey Park ,&nbsp;Chiyoung Lee ,&nbsp;Luca Pollonini ,&nbsp;Hyochol Ahn","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100266","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100266","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD) are degenerative and progressive in nature and are often accompanied by chronic pain and neuropsychiatric symptoms, which can be early signs and aggravators of ADRD. This exploratory study explores the relationship between self-reported pain, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and pain-evoked cortical hemodynamic changes measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in the prefrontal and primary motor and somatosensory brain cortices bilaterally, stratified by high or low cognitive function in individuals with ADRD. This study analyzed baseline data of 40 individuals with mild to moderate ADRD with knee osteoarthritis.</div><div>Baseline data from 40 individuals with mild to moderate ADRD and knee osteoarthritis were analyzed. Measures included self-reported pain, depression, and apathy, along with fNIRS-derived cerebral hemodynamic responses to sub-threshold thermal pain stimulation across five brain regions. The study revealed significant negative correlations for oxyhemoglobin and apathy in the right prefrontal cortex associated with low cognitive function (p = .04) and significant positive correlations for oxyhemoglobin and apathy in the right somatosensory region (p = .04) and for oxyhemoglobin and pain in the medial prefrontal cortex (p = .04) associated with higher cognitive function. Study findings suggest that fNIRS may provide valuable biomarkers for apathy and depression in individuals with ADRD and chronic osteoarthritic pain, with differential patterns based on cognitive function, suggesting neuropsychiatric symptoms may manifest differently depending on the patient's cognitive status. Future studies should explore its utility in larger, diverse samples and clinical interventions targeting neuropsychiatric symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 3","pages":"Article 100266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144167368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}