Neuroimage. Reports最新文献

{"title":"Brain connectivity signatures of cognitive impairment in temporal lobe epilepsy identified by robotic assessment","authors":"Karla Batista Garcia-Ramo ,&nbsp;Spencer Finn ,&nbsp;Theodore S. Aliyianis ,&nbsp;Adam Falah ,&nbsp;Brooke C. Beattie ,&nbsp;Donald Brien ,&nbsp;Garima Shukla ,&nbsp;Lysa Boissé-Lomax ,&nbsp;Stephen H. Scott ,&nbsp;Jason P. Gallivan ,&nbsp;Gavin P. Winston","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2026.100330","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2026.100330","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Subjects with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) often experience cognitive impairment in different domains. Currently, the mechanisms underlying neuropsychological dysfunction in TLE remain poorly understood. The main objective is to characterize the multivariate relationship between brain connectivity patterns and cognitive impairment detected by robotic testing in subjects with TLE.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Kinarm robotic technology was used to evaluate motor, cognitive, and sensory domains of healthy controls and individuals with TLE. Structural connectivity (SC) and functional connectivity (FC) were obtained from multi-shell diffusion MRI and resting-state fMRI, respectively. After principal component analysis for dimension reduction of connectivity features, sparse canonical correlation analyses were used to identify the patterns of multivariate association between brain connectivity and cognitive dysfunctions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Patients with TLE demonstrated worse performance mainly in the domains of memory, executive function and attention, and to a lesser extent in the perceptual-motor domain. We found that memory and executive function alterations were associated with an intra-hemispheric SC pattern between somatomotor network and default, limbic and frontoparietal networks. We also found that an intra-hemispheric SC pattern of the posterior parietal cortex was related to perceptual-motor and attention skills with FC between this region and the precentral ventral region of DAN and frontal operculum insula of VAN also associated to impairment in these domains.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study identifies multivariate patterns of structural and functional connectivity that correlate with domain-specific cognitive impairment, as measured by robotic screening, in individuals with TLE. These findings support the conceptualization of TLE as a network disorder, contextualizing multidomain cognitive deficits within a network-level framework rather than interrogating specific functional circuits. This may in the future permit more personalized treatments or prediction of cognitive changes in response to planned treatment changes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100330"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147396376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epicranial electrical stimulation improves non-navigational spatial memory in macaque monkeys","authors":"Noa Peeleman ,&nbsp;Myles Mc Laughlin ,&nbsp;Tom Theys ,&nbsp;Mathieu Vandenbulcke ,&nbsp;Peter Janssen","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2026.100331","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2026.100331","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The hippocampus and medial temporal lobe are crucial for spatial memory, and their dysfunction is linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD), with changes detectable even in preclinical stages. Recently, neuromodulation has gained interest as a potential treatment due to its beneficial effects on AD pathology and cognitive performance. However, outcomes vary significantly based on stimulation parameters and study conditions, and evidence from large animal models remains limited.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess whether epicranial current stimulation (ECS) at 40 Hz can improve non-navigational spatial memory and hippocampal activations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Three rhesus macaques were implanted with spiral platinum electrodes bilaterally on the skull and were trained in a non-navigational spatial memory task. ECS was applied at 40 Hz or at 10 Hz and performance across multiple sessions was evaluated. We further performed ECS during fMRI to examine the spread of activations caused by ECS across the brain in a block-design experiment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>ECS at 40 Hz improved performance in a non-navigational spatial memory task, while 10 Hz ECS had minimal or negative effects. Concurrent ECS-fMRI showed extensive brain activations at 40 Hz, including significant hippocampal activations, which was not observed at 10 Hz.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our results show that ECS could be a minimally-invasive and effective approach to improve memory performance and activate the hippocampus. ECS could represent a potential treatment for patients suffering from memory impairment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100331"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147357911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PyCaret machine learning library with three preprocessing steps after eLORETA source estimation predicts Alzheimer's disease","authors":"Yasunori Aoki ,&nbsp;Rei Takahashi ,&nbsp;Roberto D. Pascual-Marqui ,&nbsp;Masahiro Hata ,&nbsp;Shun Takahashi ,&nbsp;Ryouhei Ishii ,&nbsp;Masao Iwase ,&nbsp;Mariko Maenishi ,&nbsp;Young-Ok Kim ,&nbsp;Yuki Yamamoto ,&nbsp;Sakura Hikida ,&nbsp;Kana Maruyama ,&nbsp;Etsuro Mori ,&nbsp;Manabu Ikeda","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100317","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100317","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alzheimer's disease (AD) —the most common form of dementia— begins with mild memory loss and gradually progresses, eventually resulting in a generalized loss of brain function. The pathological changes of AD in the brain cortex begin decades before the onset of symptoms. Improvements in lifestyle habits and disease-modifying treatments before the onset of the disease have been shown to help prevent or delay the onset of AD. However, diagnosis of AD is difficult at the early stage —or even at the prodromal stage [i.e., mild cognitive impairment due to AD (MCIAD)]— since normal aging and other types of dementia also involve memory impairment. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify markers for the detection of AD at the early stage or pre-onset stage. In this study, we applied exact low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (eLORETA) as the source estimation method to electroencephalography (EEG) data. We obtained cortical electrical activity in 96 drug-free AD patients and 147 healthy subjects to train the final model, in addition to activity for 21 MCIAD patients and seven healthy subjects for the purpose of its evaluation. We then applied the low-code machine learning library of PyCaret, with three preprocessing steps (subject-wise normalization, age-difference correction, and log-transformation) to the eLORETA data of AD and healthy subjects. Of the many machine learning classification models used, the linear discriminant analysis (LDA) model showed the highest accuracy, identifying 10 AD patients and 15 healthy subjects with an accuracy of 100.0 %. The LDA model of eLORETA has high transparency and we visualized the discriminant function of the LDA final model using Viewer in eLORETA. Cortical electrical activities in the delta, theta and alpha frequency bands increased in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) regions, as the degree of AD increased (Figs. 2–4). Cortical electrical activity in the beta frequency band decreased in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) regions, as the degree of AD increased (Fig. 5) Furthermore, the LDA final model correctly identified 21 MCIAD patients and seven healthy subjects with an accuracy of 96.4 %. Our findings indicate that the LDA final model of eLORETA had the capacity to detect physiological features of AD in EEG data, even before the onset of the disease. Overall, PyCaret with three preprocessing steps after eLORETA source estimation can create an accurate EEG classification model, which makes a significant contribution to the early detection of AD among the many individuals in the general population who remain undiagnosed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145926511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neural and biomarker correlates of the Parkinson's Disease–Cognitive Rating Scale in Huntington's disease","authors":"Saul Martinez-Horta ,&nbsp;Arnau Puig-Davi ,&nbsp;Frederic Sampedro ,&nbsp;Jesús Pérez-Pérez ,&nbsp;Carla Franch-Martí ,&nbsp;Gonzalo Olmedo-Saura ,&nbsp;Elisa Rivas-Asensio ,&nbsp;Anna Vazquez-Oliver ,&nbsp;Laura Pérez-Carasol ,&nbsp;Andrea Horta-Barba ,&nbsp;Javier Pagonabarraga ,&nbsp;Jaime Kulisevsky","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100311","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100311","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Cognitive decline is a core feature of Huntington's disease (HD), often preceding motor symptoms and progressing with disease severity. While several neuropsychological tests track cognitive changes, few studies have examined the biological correlates of brief screening tools adapted for HD.</div></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>This study investigates the neuroanatomical and fluid biomarker correlates of performance on the Parkinson's Disease–Cognitive Rating Scale (PD-CRS), aiming to validate it as a clinically and biologically grounded tool for cognitive assessment in HD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifty-two symptomatic gene-expansion carriers (CAG &gt;39) underwent cognitive (PD-CRS), motor (UHDRS), and behavioral (PBA) assessments. Plasma neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels were measured via Simoa as a marker of neurodegeneration. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) was used to identify gray matter volume (GMV) correlates of PD-CRS scores. Linear regressions evaluated relationships among PD-CRS, GMV, and NfL, including subdomain-level and stage-stratified analyses based on HD-ISS classification.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>PD-CRS scores were significantly associated with GMV in frontostriatal, paralimbic, parietal, and occipital regions. NfL levels correlated with both cognitive scores and GMV in key regions, supporting their value as biomarkers of neurodegeneration. Subdomain analyses revealed region-specific associations (e.g., visuospatial tasks with posterior cortices, fluency with striatum). Perseveration, motor severity, and education predicted PD-CRS performance (adjusted R² = 0.799). PD-CRS remained the strongest GMV predictor (adjusted R² = 0.519), particularly in later disease stages.</div></div><div><h3>Conclussions</h3><div>The PD-CRS reflects biologically meaningful aspects of cognitive dysfunction in HD, with robust associations to structural and molecular disease markers. These findings support its use as a practical and sensitive tool for clinical and research applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100311"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145791804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visuomotor training induces network reorganisation of frontal eye field and cuneus connectivity: A task-based fMRI study","authors":"Fahad Alharshan ,&nbsp;Abdulrahman Aloufi ,&nbsp;Fiona J. Rowe ,&nbsp;Georg Meyer","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100316","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100316","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Short-term visuomotor training is known to induce functional and structural plasticity, yet its effects on task-based functional connectivity (FC), particularly within attentional and visuomotor networks, remain underexplored. This study investigated whether such training induces task-specific network-level reorganisation, focusing on the cuneus and frontal eye field (FEF) as seeds within the dorsal attention network.</div><div>Fourteen healthy adults completed a 6-week voluntary eye movement training programme originally developed for visual field rehabilitation. Functional MRI data were acquired pre- and post-training and analysed using both seed-to-voxel and region-to-region (ROI-to-ROI) FC approaches.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>revealed significantly increased connectivity between the FEF and posterior occipital cortex, and between the cuneus and cerebellar regions. Crucially, these changes were dose-dependent, showing a significant association with individual improvements in reaction time, highlighting a functional link between network reorganisation and behavioural gains.</div><div>These findings provide novel evidence that short-term training enhances consolidated, task-specific FC across sensory-motor and attentional hubs. They complement earlier reports of task-based activation and microstructural plasticity in the same cohort and brain areas, establishing task-based FC as a sensitive, functional marker of learning-induced brain adaptation across the entire dorsal attentional-motor circuit.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100316"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145791807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No evidence for modulation of frontal brain activity asymmetry by a single session of EEG feedback","authors":"Atakan M. Akil ,&nbsp;Renáta Cserjési ,&nbsp;Tamás Nagy ,&nbsp;Zsolt Demetrovics ,&nbsp;H.N. Alexander Logemann","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100308","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100308","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent studies suggest that frontal hemispheric asymmetry may underlie various mental health disorders, and frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA), which reflects cortical activity and inactivity between the left and right frontal lobes, could be a potential biomarker for these conditions. In this research, we investigated whether a single session of electroencephalogram (EEG) feedback (EF) can modulate and shift FAA. We designed a preregistered, triple-blind randomized-controlled trial to address this gap in the literature. Sixty-five healthy individuals (<em>M</em>_age = 24.55, <em>SD</em>_age = 7.63) were recruited for the experiment. First, we assessed baseline resting-state FAA over a 10-min period, consisting of 5 min each under eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions. Subsequently, participants were assigned to one of two 30-min-long EF protocols, designed to modulate cortical activity by enhancing activation in either the right or left frontal hemisphere. FAA was reassessed immediately after the completion of the feedback intervention. The results indicated that a single session of EF does not modulate FAA; therefore, it should be considered with caution regarding causal inferences. However, the absence of effects may also be attributed to the form of feedback used, as well as individual differences in baseline brain activity and neurocognitive/psychological profiles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100308"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145791808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of moral injury-related content on reasoning and its neural correlates: Data from the Canadian Armed Forces (CAF)","authors":"Oshin Vartanian ,&nbsp;Anthony Nazarov ,&nbsp;Timothy K. Lam ,&nbsp;Erin Collins ,&nbsp;Megan M. Thompson ,&nbsp;Shawn G. Rhind ,&nbsp;Stacey Silins ,&nbsp;Maria Shiu ,&nbsp;Elaine Maceda ,&nbsp;Kristen King ,&nbsp;Janani Vallikanthan ,&nbsp;Maitri Lad","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100310","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100310","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recently, there has been growing interest in understanding the causes and consequences of <em>moral injury</em>—defined as the functionally impairing psychological, biological, spiritual, behavioural, and social impact of perpetrating, failing to prevent, bearing witness to, or being a victim of acts that transgress deeply-held moral beliefs and expectations. Neuroimaging studies have revealed that moral injury is associated with functional alterations in regions that underlie emotions, somatosensory processing, internally-oriented thoughts, and cognitive control. However, to date, no study has examined the impact of moral injury on how people reason, or its neural correlates. We hypothesized that content referencing moral injury themes would reduce reasoning accuracy, and engage structures associated with memory and/or emotion. We tested this hypothesis by administering structurally identical arguments that included neutral content or content referencing salient moral injury outcomes (e.g., shame, anger, trust violations) to Canadian Armed Forces members in the fMRI scanner. As predicted, relative to neutral content, reasoning accuracy was reduced on arguments with moral injury themes, particularly in participants who surpassed clinical thresholds on the <em>Moral Injury Outcome Scale</em> (≥31) and the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (≥33), suggesting that reductions in reasoning accuracy might be driven by elevated moral injury symptoms and psychological distress. Furthermore, reasoning on arguments with moral injury-related content engaged the right posterior parahippocampus (BA 19). Given this region's role in representing contextual associations in episodic memory, this suggests that content with moral injury themes might trigger contextual associations that interfere with the reasoning system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145738771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional brain connectivity in patients with de novo Parkinson's disease","authors":"Eliseo Picchi ,&nbsp;Silvia Minosse ,&nbsp;Noemi Pucci ,&nbsp;Matteo Conti ,&nbsp;Davide Mascioli ,&nbsp;Alessandro Stefani ,&nbsp;Francesco Garaci ,&nbsp;Valentina Ferrazzoli ,&nbsp;Valerio Da Ros ,&nbsp;Tommaso Schirinzi ,&nbsp;Francesca Di Giuliano","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2026.100327","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2026.100327","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study aims to identify early brain network changes in <em>de novo</em> Parkinson's disease (PD) using resting state-functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (rs-fMRI), graph-theoretical analysis, and a functional brain network disruption index (k), applied here for the first time to <em>de novo</em> PD.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>The study enrolled untreated <em>de novo</em> PD patients and age- and sex-matched healthy controls. PD patients underwent comprehensive clinical assessments (MDS-UPDRS III, H&amp;Y, MMSE, MoCA, NMSS). MRI data were acquired on a 3T system, including 3D T1-weighted MPRAGE and rs-fMRI. rs-fMRI data were pre-processed and analysed using graph theory.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The study included 30 <em>de novo</em> PD patients and 30 healthy controls. While global network metrics did not differ significantly, local metrics revealed a reduced disruption index k in <em>de novo</em> PD patients. The disruption index k was negatively correlated with MMSE scores and demonstrated strong discriminatory power between PD patients and healthy controls based on clustering coefficient metrics. Significant differences in hub regions were found, as some disappeared in PD patients while others emerged compared to healthy controls.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study provides evidence of widespread functional alterations in the local brain networks of <em>de novo</em> Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, suggesting early reorganization of brain connectivity. The disruption index (k) demonstrated the ability to detect early and subtle changes in functional brain networks in <em>de novo</em> Parkinson patients.</div></div><div><h3>Significance</h3><div>rs-fMRI can provide valuable insights into the early stages of PD pathophysiology helping to understand the complexity of PD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100327"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146215218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Volumetric brain analysis and associated retinal thinning in autosomal dominant optic atrophy patients","authors":"Punpath Pajareeyapong ,&nbsp;Sittaya Buathong ,&nbsp;Sasi Thammasarnsophon ,&nbsp;Kanchalika Sathianvichitr ,&nbsp;Natthapon Rattanathamsakul ,&nbsp;Akarawit Eiamsamarng ,&nbsp;Niphon Chirapapaisan ,&nbsp;Chanon Ngamsombat","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100314","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Dominant optic atrophy (DOA) is an inherited mitochondrial disorder characterized by retinal thinning and progressive visual loss. When accompanied by additional neurological or systemic features, such as progressive external ophthalmoplegia, myopathy, or deafness, it is classified as DOA-plus (DOA+). Although central nervous system involvement has been associated with cortical and cerebellar atrophy, specific regional patterns remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate cortical lobe alterations in DOA+ patients and examine the association between retinal thinning and structural changes in the primary visual cortex (V1).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Seven DOA+ patients and seven age- and sex-matched healthy controls underwent 3T brain MRI, including 3D T1-weighted imaging, and optical coherence tomography (OCT). Cortical parameters including surface area, gray matter volume, and cortical thickness were quantified using automated whole-brain analysis. Comparisons between DOA+ patients and control groups were performed using independent <em>t</em>-tests, and associations between OCT metrics and V1 cortical measures were assessed with Spearman's rank correlation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>DOA+ patients showed a trend toward atrophy in V1 and across all cortical lobes, with statistically significant differences observed only in V1 and occipital lobe (p &lt; 0.001). The occipital lobe demonstrated the greatest reduction in gray matter volume (25.1%, p &lt; 0.001). A positive correlation was observed between average RNFL thickness and average V1 thickness (ρ = 0.90, p = 0.037).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>DOA+ patients showed significant atrophy in occipital lobe. An association between retinal thinning and average V1 thickness was observed. However, a definite causal relationship cannot be established. Further studies in larger, genetically diverse cohorts are needed to validate these findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100314"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145926501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurobiological and psychological indicators of post-traumatic stress symptoms in children and adolescents treated for a posterior fossa brain tumour","authors":"Elizaveta Igoshina ,&nbsp;Iska Moxon-Emre ,&nbsp;Suzanne Laughlin ,&nbsp;Julie Tseng ,&nbsp;Donald J. Mabbott","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2026.100318","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2026.100318","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Despite the established associations between paediatric brain tumour treatment, distress, and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS), neither the treatment nor tumour pathology reliably account for symptom severity at the individual level. This study examined whether treatment-related changes in fronto-limbic white matter (WM), brain tissue thought to support emotion, is associated with additional variance in PTSS beyond the effect of treatment and endorsing having experienced a distressing event.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Thirty-six children and adolescents treated for a posterior fossa brain tumour and 17 typically developing children (TDC) completed a questionnaire assessing whether they had experienced a distressing event and measured PTSS and underwent diffusion tensor imaging. Diffusivity metrics of fronto-limbic tracts and tracts that do not support emotional functioning (control tracts) were obtained. A continuous measure of the physical, cognitive, and emotional strain of therapy (i.e., treatment burden), was estimated using the Neurological Predictor Scale. Partial Least Squares path modelling was used in an exploratory, theory-guided framework to examine statistical associations among treatment burden, distress, WM, and PTSS.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Patients demonstrated greater radial diffusivity than TDC across fronto-limbic and control tracts. Fronto-limbic WM was associated with PTSS severity within the subclinical range and mediated the effects of treatment burden on PTSS. The control tract WM was not associated with PTSS. PTSS severity was also associated with endorsing a distressing event.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings support two indicators associated with dimensional variation in PTSS severity: an expected psychological indicator, through endorsing having experienced a distressing event, and a neurobiological indicator, via treatment-related changes to fronto-limbic WM. These results reflect correlational patterns in subclinical symptoms and should be interpreted as exploratory.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"6 1","pages":"Article 100318"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}