Neuroimage. Reports最新文献

{"title":"Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) detects brain changes for apathy and pain in patients with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias: An exploratory study","authors":"Allison J. Huff ,&nbsp;Juyoung Park ,&nbsp;Samuel Montero-Hernandez ,&nbsp;Lindsey Park ,&nbsp;Chiyoung Lee ,&nbsp;Luca Pollonini ,&nbsp;Hyochol Ahn","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100266","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100266","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias (ADRD) are degenerative and progressive in nature and are often accompanied by chronic pain and neuropsychiatric symptoms, which can be early signs and aggravators of ADRD. This exploratory study explores the relationship between self-reported pain, neuropsychiatric symptoms, and pain-evoked cortical hemodynamic changes measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) in the prefrontal and primary motor and somatosensory brain cortices bilaterally, stratified by high or low cognitive function in individuals with ADRD. This study analyzed baseline data of 40 individuals with mild to moderate ADRD with knee osteoarthritis.</div><div>Baseline data from 40 individuals with mild to moderate ADRD and knee osteoarthritis were analyzed. Measures included self-reported pain, depression, and apathy, along with fNIRS-derived cerebral hemodynamic responses to sub-threshold thermal pain stimulation across five brain regions. The study revealed significant negative correlations for oxyhemoglobin and apathy in the right prefrontal cortex associated with low cognitive function (p = .04) and significant positive correlations for oxyhemoglobin and apathy in the right somatosensory region (p = .04) and for oxyhemoglobin and pain in the medial prefrontal cortex (p = .04) associated with higher cognitive function. Study findings suggest that fNIRS may provide valuable biomarkers for apathy and depression in individuals with ADRD and chronic osteoarthritic pain, with differential patterns based on cognitive function, suggesting neuropsychiatric symptoms may manifest differently depending on the patient's cognitive status. Future studies should explore its utility in larger, diverse samples and clinical interventions targeting neuropsychiatric symptoms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 3","pages":"Article 100266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144167368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cerebral arterial lumens are enlarged in children and young adults with sickle cell disease compared to peers","authors":"Josiah B. Lewis ,&nbsp;Melanie E. Fields ,&nbsp;Michael M. Binkley ,&nbsp;Anita Zhou ,&nbsp;Amy Mirro ,&nbsp;Amy Ouyang ,&nbsp;Niket Gupta ,&nbsp;Yasheng Chen ,&nbsp;Slim Fellah ,&nbsp;Alyssa E. Smith ,&nbsp;Igor Dedkov ,&nbsp;Monica L. Hulbert ,&nbsp;Andria L. Ford ,&nbsp;Hongyu An ,&nbsp;Jin-Moo Lee ,&nbsp;Manu S. Goyal ,&nbsp;Kristin P. Guilliams","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100265","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100265","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Children with sickle cell disease (SCD) may develop large vessel narrowing, but studies suggest vessels may also be enlarged, possibly related to increased cerebral blood flow (CBF). We used MRI to investigate whether the cross-sectional total inflow vessel luminal area (TIVLA) proximal to the circle of Willis (carotid arteries + basilar artery) would be increased in SCD compared to age- and sex-matched peers after adjusting for CBF. Across 36 children with SCD (19 female, median age 10.7 [8.0–14.5] years and 43 controls (26 female, median age 12.7 [9.2–18.2] years) matched by age (<em>p</em> = 0.13) and sex (<em>p</em> = 0.50), the median TIVLA in the SCD group (35.9 mm² [30.7, 39.5]) was larger than controls (30.5 mm² [27.8, 35.4], <em>p</em> = 0.002). In a mixed model including age, sex, hemoglobin, CBF, SCD status, and an interaction between hemoglobin and SCD status, CBF (β = 0.11, CI 0.02–0.20, <em>p</em> = 0.02), SCD (β = 28.02, CI 5.62–50.42, <em>p</em> = 0.015), and the interaction between SCD and hemoglobin (β = −2.48, CI −4.49 to −0.47, <em>p</em> = 0.018) were all significantly associated with increased TIVLA. Notably, TIVLA as a measure of arterial lumens is larger in children with SCD, even after adjusting for CBF in the mixed model. This implies disease-specific normative values may be needed to detect early vasculopathy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100265"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143922575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of localized brain regions correlated with MMSE using VBM analysis of structural MRI in a Japanese sample","authors":"Yoichi Sawada ,&nbsp;Toru Satoh ,&nbsp;Hideaki Saba ,&nbsp;Yoshiki Kato ,&nbsp;Tomoko Kuwada ,&nbsp;Sayoko Shima ,&nbsp;Kana Murakami ,&nbsp;Megumi Sasaki ,&nbsp;Yudai Abe ,&nbsp;Kaori Harano","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100264","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100264","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The global aging population has led to a significant rise in dementia and cognitive decline, with Alzheimer's disease as the primary cause. Early detection of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a prodromal stage of dementia, is critical for timely intervention. The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) is commonly used for cognitive screening, yet its limitations—such as ceiling effects and educational biases—may hinder the early identification of subtle cognitive impairments. This cross-sectional study employed voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis of structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to explore brain regions positively correlated with MMSE scores in a cohort of 510 participants. Significant gray matter volume (GMV) reductions were observed in the bilateral lateral frontal lobes, left medial frontal lobe, left hippocampus, left anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and bilateral inferior temporal gyri in association with lower MMSE scores. Participants were classified into three groups—Normal Cognition (NC), MCI, and Dementia (D)—based on MMSE cutoff values. Compared to the NC group, the MCI group exhibited significant GMV reductions in the left hippocampus, left parahippocampal gyrus, left ACC, and right ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC). The D group showed further GMV reductions in the bilateral hippocampus and left inferior temporal gyrus compared to the MCI group. These findings highlight the clinical utility of VBM-based structural MRI in assessing localized brain atrophy associated with cognitive decline, supporting its potential role in early diagnosis and intervention for MCI. Further research integrating longitudinal studies and multimodal biomarkers is warranted to enhance diagnostic accuracy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100264"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143882279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain MRI before and at term equivalent age predicts motor and cognitive outcomes in very preterm infants","authors":"Alex M. Pagnozzi ,&nbsp;Kerstin Pannek ,&nbsp;Roslyn N. Boyd ,&nbsp;Liza van Eijk ,&nbsp;Joanne M. George ,&nbsp;Samudragupta Bora ,&nbsp;DanaKai Bradford ,&nbsp;Michael Fahey ,&nbsp;Michael Ditchfield ,&nbsp;Atul Malhotra ,&nbsp;Paul B. Colditz ,&nbsp;Jurgen Fripp","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100262","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100262","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of high-risk infants in the neonatal period (from 26 weeks postmenstrual age to Term Equivalent Age (TEA)) is increasingly being used for the detection of brain injuries, and the early prognostication of adverse outcomes such as Cerebral Palsy (CP). While most imaging is performed around TEA in clinical practice for infants born preterm (&lt;37 weeks of gestation), this would often require families to return to hospital for imaging. In this work, we extract structural biomarkers from MRI acquired both before and at TEA in a cohort of very preterm infants from the PPREMO and PREBO studies (n = 100), to determine if either time-point, or both combined, are predictive of both Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development – Third Edition (Bayley-III) and the Neuro-sensory Motor Developmental Assessment (NSMDA) at 2 years. Using multivariable regression, moderately strong and statistically significant associations were found between brain structure on both early and TEA MRIs with 2-year outcomes (r = 0.39–0.55 for early MRI, r = 0.37–0.49 for Term MRI, r = 0.37–0.56 for early and TEA MRI combined). Importantly, brain biomarkers associated with early childhood outcomes from MRIs were identified, including white and grey matter volumes, deep grey matter and cerebellar volumes, and gyrification and surface area across the whole cortex. Early MRI showed the best prognostic accuracy along with combining timepoints, indicating the potential clinical benefit of Early MRI in predicting adverse outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143848572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case report of reversible ischemic MRI changes and discussion of possible link to kratom use","authors":"Danah Bakir,&nbsp;Christian Konopka,&nbsp;Sindhu Pisati,&nbsp;Syed Shah,&nbsp;Shashi Maryala,&nbsp;Andre Catalano,&nbsp;Faisal Ibrahim,&nbsp;Hesham Allam","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100261","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100261","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100261"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143842719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Altered fronto-parietal alpha synchronization and coherence in paranormal believers","authors":"Abdolvahed Narmashiri ,&nbsp;Kiomars Sharifi ,&nbsp;Reza Khosrowabadi ,&nbsp;Javad Hatami","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100257","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100257","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Recent research has revealed a correlation between paranormal beliefs and distinct neural activity patterns. However, the neural mechanisms underlying these beliefs remain unclear. To address this issue, we recorded EEG resting state data from both paranormal believers and skeptics. Our analysis focused on comparing brain connectivity and alpha band activity, specifically within the fronto-parietal network. The results demonstrated increased alpha band and enhanced fronto-parietal alpha synchronization and coherence in believers compared to skeptics. While these findings suggest a potential link between heightened alpha activity and cognitive or perceptual tendencies associated with paranormal beliefs, further research is needed to clarify the precise role of alpha synchronization in decision-making and perceptual processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100257"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143829120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the neural basis of reaction time variability in ADHD: The importance of examining data at the trial level","authors":"Leanne Tamm ,&nbsp;Jonathan A. Dudley ,&nbsp;Sarah L. Karalunas ,&nbsp;John O. Simon ,&nbsp;Thomas C. Maloney ,&nbsp;Gowtham Atluri ,&nbsp;Jeffery N. Epstein","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100263","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100263","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Patients with ADHD evidence elevated reaction time variability (RTV) due to periodic long reaction times (RTs). Even though reaction time variability (RTV) reflects intraindividual differences in RT across time, prior research exploring the neural basis of RTV in ADHD has primarily examined associations between neural activation and summary RTV outcomes (e.g., standard deviation of reaction time, tau). Here, we explore group differences in the neural basis of RTV by examining association between trial-level RTs and fMRI BOLD activation obtained during a Stop Signal Task in a large (<em>n</em> = 5719) sample of 9- to 10-year-old children participating in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Children with ADHD demonstrated greater RTV than those without ADHD. ADHD-related group differences were not observed between fMRI BOLD activation and summary RTV outcomes. At the trial level, longer RTs were associated with increased BOLD activation in salience/ventral attention and executive control networks and decreased BOLD activation in the default mode network, consistent with time-on-task effects (i.e., stimulus processing time) in which long RTs require maintaining task-positive activation and DMN suppression for more time than short RTs. Moreover, children with ADHD showed weaker associations between long RTs and BOLD activation in these regions than children without ADHD supporting models that point to dysregulated competition between the DMN and executive network as mechanism of cognitive impairment in ADHD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143829118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep learning identification of reward-related neural substrates of preadolescent irritability: A novel 3D CNN application for fMRI","authors":"Johanna C. Walker ,&nbsp;Conner Swineford ,&nbsp;Krupali R. Patel ,&nbsp;Lea R. Dougherty ,&nbsp;Jillian Lee Wiggins","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100259","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100259","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The recent emergence of deep learning methods, particularly convolutional neural networks (CNNs), applied to fMRI data presents a promising avenue in psychiatry research, offering advantages over traditional analyses by requiring minimal assumptions and enabling detection of higher-level patterns and intricate, nonlinear relationships within inherently complex fMRI data. Irritability, defined as a lowered threshold for angry responses to blocked rewards, is a promising neurodevelopmental marker for mental health risk due to its robust, transdiagnostic predictive power in youth. In this study, data from the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) baseline sample (<em>N</em> = 6065) were utilized for a novel application of a 3D CNN to whole-brain fMRI data acquired during the reward anticipation period of the monetary incentive delay task to predict parent-reported youth irritability severity, measured dimensionally. Regression activation mapping (RAM) was employed to extract feature maps of brain regions most predictive of irritability severity from the model. The model demonstrated satisfactory accuracy, with a mean squared error (MSE) of 1.82, and predicted irritability severity scores with a mean absolute error (MAE) of 0.48 ± 1.54 SD from the true scores. Notably, feature maps revealed bilateral representation of key regions implicated in emotional response and reward processing, including the caudate nucleus, amygdala, parahippocampal gyrus, and hippocampus. This study underscores the potential for 3D CNNs to predict significant, dimensional clinical outcomes such as irritability severity using fMRI data.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automated landmark-based symmetric and standard alignment of skull base structures on CT","authors":"Justin A. Cramer ,&nbsp;Trevor Huff ,&nbsp;Sean Kelly ,&nbsp;Daniel Welch ,&nbsp;Devin DeLuna ,&nbsp;Conner Beyersdorf ,&nbsp;Robin High ,&nbsp;Matthew White","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100260","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100260","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Symmetry and standard alignment are crucial in both clinical interpretation and research on head CT studies. Registration to a standard template is the traditional method for alignment, yet registration does not guarantee precise alignment of any given structure. This study introduces a method for aligning skull base structures while still achieving a standard anterior commissure-posterior commissure (AC-PC)-like orientation on head CT studies using landmarks, specifically the cochleas and nasal bridge.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective study was conducted using head CTs from various General Electric scanners. Landmarks were manually annotated, and a 3D U-Net was trained for landmark identification. Landmark-based alignment was then performed on a test dataset and assessed in two different ways: whole head and skull base alignment. Whole head alignment was assessed quantitatively by expert review. Skull base alignment was then assessed at the cochleas, comparing their alignment between this landmark-based technique and registration to a template.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This landmark-based technique significantly improved whole head and skull base alignment of head CT studies. Whole head alignment reduced average deviations of 5, 11, and 4° in the axial, sagittal, and coronal planes to 1, 5, and 2° respectively. Meanwhile, skull base alignment assessed via the cochlea was also improved relative to traditional registration. For the landmark technique, the cochleas were deviated from perfect by a mean of 0.552 and 0.511 mm along the y and z axes compared to 2.110 and 2.506 mm with registration.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study demonstrates a simple landmark-based technique for aligning the cochleas on head CT studies while approximating whole head AC-PC orientation, which has applications in both clinical and research settings, particularly for studies focused on the skull base.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143767496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-invasive brain stimulation reorganises effective connectivity during a working memory task in individuals with Neurofibromatosis Type 1","authors":"Marta Czime Litwińczuk ,&nbsp;Shruti Garg ,&nbsp;Stephen R. Williams ,&nbsp;Jonathan Green ,&nbsp;Caroline Lea-Carnall ,&nbsp;Nelson J. Trujillo-Barreto","doi":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100258","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ynirp.2025.100258","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>In a previous study, we examined the effect of atDCS on working memory task performance and modulation of the inhibitory neurotransmitter, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (dlPFC). The present study investigates whether tDCS modulates effective connectivity during the task, specifically assessing whether tDCS alters interactions between neuronal populations.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Eighteen adolescents with Neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) completed a single-blind sham-controlled cross-over randomised tDCS trial (with the anode at F3 and cathode at Cz). Dynamic causal modelling was used to estimate the effective connectivity between regions that showed working memory effects from the fMRI. Group-level inferences for between sessions (pre- and post-stimulation) and stimulation type (tDCS and sham) effects were carried out using the parametric empirical Bayes approach. A correlation analysis was performed to relate the estimated effective connectivity parameters of left dlPFC pre-tDCS and post-tDCS to the concentration of GABA measured via magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS-GABA). Next, correlation analysis was repeated using all working memory performance and all pre-tDCS and post-tDCS connectivity parameters.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>It was found that tDCS decreased average excitatory connectivity from dlPFC to left superior frontal gyrus and increased average excitatory connectivity to left globus pallidus. Further, reduced average intrinsic (inhibitory) connectivity of left dlPFC was associated with lower MRS-GABA. However, none of the connectivity parameters of dlPFC showed any association with performance on a working memory task.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings suggest that tDCS reorganised connectivity from frontal to fronto-striatal connectivity. As tDCS-related changes were not specific to the effect of working memory, they may have impacted general cognitive control processes. In addition, by reducing MRS-GABA, tDCS might make dlPFC more sensitive and responsive to external stimulation, such as performance of cognitive tasks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":74277,"journal":{"name":"Neuroimage. Reports","volume":"5 2","pages":"Article 100258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}