Nature water最新文献

{"title":"Methylation of reverse osmosis membrane for superior anti-fouling performance via blocking carboxyl groups in polyamide","authors":"Yiwen Qin, Pengfei Qi, Shuang Hao, Wenxiong Shi, Jun Xiao, Jianxiao Wang, Yunxia Hu","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00371-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00371-x","url":null,"abstract":"The lifespan of reverse osmosis (RO) membranes is only several months when used for industrial wastewater treatment rather than several years for seawater desalination, dramatically increasing the maintenance cost of RO. Here, to improve the separation and anti-fouling performance and thus increase the lifespan of RO membranes, we developed a creative strategy to methylate RO membranes via grafting gaseous dimethylamine molecules onto polyamide (PA) of RO membrane during interfacial polymerization. The dimethylamine-grafted RO membrane achieved a high water permeance of 3.84 l m−2 h−1 bar−1 and a high NaCl rejection of 99.05% and exhibited unprecedented anti-fouling performance against small organic charged foulants, surpassing the upper-bound threshold of the other reported anti-fouling membranes and the well-known commercial anti-fouling RO membrane (DuPont FilmTec Fortilife CR100). Both experimental results and molecular dynamics simulation findings illustrate that the methylated PA has a lower absorption energy with small charged organic foulants than the pristine PA, which alleviates the foulantsʼ absorption with a lower areal density and a looser packing, and a much shallower penetration depth inside PA. Our work suggests that avoiding penetration of foulants inside PA and preventing pore blocking of PA by foulants are essential to improve the fouling resistance of RO membranes. This work contributes a new outlook on the RO membrane-fouling mechanism from the molecular levels using molecular dynamics simulation and also develops a simple and effective methylation approach to enhance the RO membrane-fouling resistance towards small charged foulants. A reverse osmosis membrane synthesized via a vapour–solid interfacial reaction demonstrates high permselectivity and exhibits good anti-fouling performance, providing a simple and effective methylation approach to enhancing membrane-fouling resistance.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"3 1","pages":"110-121"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143121643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancing the science of headwater streamflow for global water protection","authors":"Heather E. Golden, Jay R. Christensen, Hilary K. McMillan, Christa A. Kelleher, Charles R. Lane, Admin Husic, Li Li, Adam S. Ward, John Hammond, Erin C. Seybold, Kristin L. Jaeger, Margaret Zimmer, Roy Sando, C. Nathan Jones, Catalina Segura, D. Tyler Mahoney, Adam N. Price, Frederick Cheng","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00351-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00351-1","url":null,"abstract":"The protection of headwater streams faces increasing challenges, exemplified by limited global recognition of headwater contributions to watershed resiliency and a recent US Supreme Court decision limiting federal safeguards. Despite accounting for ~77% of global river networks, the lack of adequate headwaters protections is caused, in part, by limited information on their extent and functions—in particular, their flow regimes, which form the foundation for decision-making regarding their protection. Yet, headwater streamflow is challenging to comprehensively measure and model; it is highly variable and sensitive to changes in land use, management and climate. Modelling headwater streamflow to quantify its cumulative contributions to downstream river networks requires an integrative understanding across local hillslope and channel (that is, watershed) processes. Here we begin to address this challenge by proposing a consistent definition for headwater systems and streams, evaluating how headwater streamflow is characterized and advocating for closing gaps in headwater streamflow data collection, modelling and synthesis. Despite their substantial contributions to watershed resilience, headwater streams are becoming increasingly imperilled. This Perspective summarizes the status of headwater streamflow information and proposes guidance for advancing the understanding of headwater hydrology to support better management of these systems.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"3 1","pages":"16-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143121610","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"To solve climate change, we need to restore our Sponge Planet","authors":"Kongjian Yu, Erica Gies, Warren W. Wood","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00355-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00355-x","url":null,"abstract":"Climate strategies focus primarily on carbon, largely ignoring the destabilized water cycle that’s amplifying disasters and accelerating climate change. Slow Water projects can reverse this trend.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"3 1","pages":"4-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143121555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-capacity uranium extraction from seawater through constructing synergistic multiple dynamic bonds","authors":"Ye Yuan, Doudou Cao, Fengchao Cui, Yajie Yang, Cheng Zhang, Yingbo Song, Yue Zheng, Jiarui Cao, Shusen Chen, Yan Song, Fengju Wang, Guangshan Zhu","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00346-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00346-y","url":null,"abstract":"Seawater is the largest uranium reserve in the world, and the efficient extraction of uranium from seawater could facilitate the sustainable development of the nuclear industry for thousands of years. However, conventional extraction processes must suffer the dissociation of CO32− ions from [UO2(CO3)3]4− anions to bind the uranyl core, which has a high energy barrier, resulting in poor selectivity and long working times. Here we combine a molecular templating strategy to synthesize several hydroxy-rich covalent organic frameworks with tunable nanopore sizes. In the 1.2-nm-sized covalent organic framework cavity, hydroxyl groups coupled with the hydrogen-bonded NH4+ cations selectively bind uranyl tricarbonate ions via synergistic electrostatic and hydrogen-bonding interactions. This framework exhibits high uranium extraction capability with a removal ratio of > 99.99% in 400 min (initial concentration of 5 ppm at 298 K, pH = 8–9). Notably, a record uranium adsorption uptake is achieved with a capacity of 23.66 mg g−1 in seven days from natural seawater, surpassing that of classical amidoxime-based adsorbents by a factor of 350%. The synthesis of covalent organic frameworks with a multiple-dynamic-bonds strategy realizes selective extraction of uranyl tricarbonate anions from ultra-low concentrations and multiple interfering ions.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"3 1","pages":"89-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143121612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drinking water and the law","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00369-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00369-5","url":null,"abstract":"On its 50th anniversary, we highlight how despite its limitations, the Safe Drinking Water Act and its amendments represent a milestone in environmental legislation that should be improved and protected.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"2 12","pages":"1129-1129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44221-024-00369-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142845133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Late lessons from early warnings on PFAS","authors":"Steffen Foss Hansen, Carina Theresa Heller Bunde, Monika A. Roy, Joel A. Tickner, Anders Baun","doi":"10.1038/s44221-023-00168-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-023-00168-4","url":null,"abstract":"Achieving compliance with recent per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) regulations in the United States and Europe will require substantial effort and funding by municipal water providers, as well as chemical and product innovation to avoid regrettable substitutions. Despite emerging knowledge of the potential persistence, bioaccumulation and toxicity of these substances already several decades ago, regulatory action has only been taken in the last few years. Here we examine the background for this late regulatory action, whether early warning signs were overlooked, and whether regulatory or market actions could have been taken earlier. We find that problems in defining PFAS as a group of substances, including extrapolating hazard information from perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) to other PFAS substances, have hampered the effective protection of public health and the environment. Moreover, because PFAS chemistry uniquely imparts useful functionality in a wide range of applications, many uses may be hard to replace without either modifying performance specifications for certain applications or carrying out substantial research and development and scaling of safer replacements. Most importantly, regulatory frameworks in the United States and the European Union have not been suited to group-based assessments, but are rather aimed at chemical-specific, case-by-case risk assessment and management. Even in these cases, too little emphasis has been put on using persistency as a crucial early warning property before full evidence of the hazards of individual PFAS compounds was available. We hope that this analysis provides additional insights into discussions and actions on PFAS and contributes to earlier action on other potentially hazardous chemicals and/or chemical classes. Concern about the potential health and environmental hazards of substances known as PFAS have led to strong regulations, especially in Europe and the United States. This Perspective examines whether early warnings were followed and whether lessons can be learned from the way the chemicals were dealt with since their discovery.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"2 12","pages":"1157-1165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142845194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Daily sampling reveals household-specific water microbiome signatures and shared antimicrobial resistomes in premise plumbing","authors":"Lin Zhang, Daliang Ning, David Mantilla-Calderon, Yirong Xu, Bingdi Liu, Winston Chen, Jinyu Gao, Kerry A. Hamilton, Jinyong Liu, Jizhong Zhou, Fangqiong Ling","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00345-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00345-z","url":null,"abstract":"Stagnation in premise plumbing can lead to the degradation of drinking water quality, yet the variability of microbiomes and resistomes in these systems at fine spatiotemporal scales remains poorly understood. Here we track the water microbiome daily across households in St. Louis, Missouri, alongside functional gene profiles and antimicrobial resistomes. Our results show substantial differences in species composition between households, with household identity, instead of temporal fluctuations or specific water-use devices, emerging as the dominant variable shaping microbiome composition. Using LASSO regression models, we identified informative taxa for each household, achieving an average accuracy of 97.5% in estimating a sample’s household origin. Notably, distinct profiles of opportunistic premise plumbing pathogens (OPPPs) were detected, with Mycobacterium gordonae being twice as prevalent as M. chelonae. Community assembly simulations indicated that stochastic processes primarily drive household-level taxonomic variation. In contrast, antimicrobial resistomes and functional gene repertoires were similar across households, likely influenced by common chloramine residuals applied throughout the local water distribution systems. Genes conferring resistance to beta-lactams were prevalent in bathtub faucet water across all households. These results highlight the need to incorporate household-level species variation when assessing health risks from OPPPs and monitoring antimicrobial resistance. These findings also pave the way for new research to better understand plumbing environments as potential routes for the transmission of resistant bacteria and their genes. Taxonomic compositions in bathtub faucet water microbiomes showed household individuality, with differences in the prevalences of non-tuberculous mycobacterial species. A similar antimicrobial resistome was detected.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"2 12","pages":"1178-1194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142845197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PFAS concentration and destruction","authors":"Nayarassery N. Adarsh, Mario Wriedt","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00357-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00357-9","url":null,"abstract":"The synergistic combination of PFAS preconcentration and low-temperature degradation is a challenging goal in the broad field of water treatment technologies. Metal–organic frameworks as next-generation adsorptive thermocatalysts, owing to their nanoporous and fine-tunable functional nature, demonstrate a promising solution for this challenge.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"2 12","pages":"1145-1146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142845211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A quadrillion little pieces of plastic","authors":"Timothy Hoellein","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00358-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00358-8","url":null,"abstract":"Adding metal tracers to nanoplastics has made it possible to trace their fate and effects on freshwater ecosystems, while also considering their interactions with other major environmental stressors, including warming and nutrient pollution.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"2 12","pages":"1149-1150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142845237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A robust pyrazolate metal–organic framework for integrated perfluorooctanoic acid concentration and degradation","authors":"Rong-Ran Liang, Yubin Fu, Zongsu Han, Yihao Yang, Vladimir I. Bakhmutov, Zhaoyi Liu, Joshua Rushlow, Hong-Cai Zhou","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00343-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00343-1","url":null,"abstract":"Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) poses a substantial threat to human health due to its bioaccumulation and carcinogenic nature. Current remediation strategies typically focus on either adsorption or degradation, neglecting the potential of an integrated approach. Herein, we present a pyrazolate metal–organic framework (MOF), PCN-1003, featuring a lamellar structure with one-dimensional open channels. PCN-1003 exhibits exceptional stability across a wide pH range (1–12) in aqueous solutions, achieving efficient PFOA adsorption (642 mg g−1). Mechanistic studies revealed that a PFOA–acetate exchange process dominates, representing a remarkable example of such a mechanism and enabling efficient PFOA uptake. Notably, PCN-1003 greatly facilitates PFOA degradation at a much lower temperature (90 °C) than observed in previously reported methods, with an approximately threefold catalytic acceleration effect, attributed to the coordination of PFOA and the confined environment within PCN-1003. This study pioneers integrated PFOA concentration and degradation using a single MOF, presenting a promising avenue for treating water contaminated with per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances. A robust pyrazolate metal–organic framework acts as both an adsorbent for perfluorooctanoic acid and a catalyst for degradation under mild conditions, providing an integrated approach for the capture and destruction of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"2 12","pages":"1218-1225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142845239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}