Nature water最新文献_第3页

A new look at Earth’s water and energy with SWOT

Nature water Pub Date : 2025-01-13 DOI: 10.1038/s44221-024-00372-w

Nadya T. Vinogradova, Tamlin M. Pavelsky, J. Thomas Farrar, Faisal Hossain, Lee-Lueng Fu

{"title":"A new look at Earth’s water and energy with SWOT","authors":"Nadya T. Vinogradova, Tamlin M. Pavelsky, J. Thomas Farrar, Faisal Hossain, Lee-Lueng Fu","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00372-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00372-w","url":null,"abstract":"As the planet transitions to a new climate, adapting to the Earth’s changing water cycle remains among the top challenges faced by humanity. The relative stability of climate and water resources over the past millennia allowed humans to build complex societies with established agriculture, infrastructure and economies that today sustain the livelihood of eight billion people. As the planet warms, this steady state of water movement is being altered, and both oceanic and terrestrial components of the global water cycle are undergoing measurable changes that will probably continue. Predicting the new trajectory of Earth’s water in a warming climate begins with observing the entire water supply–demand chain across the planet, from Earth’s largest water reservoir, the ocean, to water storage, use and recycling on land. A recently launched space observatory, called the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT), is making a timely entrance and addition to the water-observing networks, by providing direct, high-resolution measurements of the water height and volume of nearly all water on the Earth’s surface. Here we link technological advances in wide-swath satellite altimetry and SWOT’s novel measurements of water volume across the planet to scientific innovations for Earth’s water cycle, including studies of changes in the water storage and dynamics in global lakes and rivers, rising seas, ocean energetics and land–ocean exchange, with implications for practical information for water resource managers and climate resilience efforts. We also discuss how SWOT innovations set the stage for future missions and integrated Earth-system approaches within the water science community. The new SWOT satellite mission tracks global water supply–demand and land-to-ocean water movement, leading the way towards an integrated satellite observatory that can help humanity adapt to Earth’s shifting water and energy systems.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"3 1","pages":"27-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143121644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Functionalizing solar-driven steam generation towards water and energy sustainability

Nature water Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1038/s44221-024-00363-x

Ke Mao, Yaoxin Zhang, Swee Ching Tan

{"title":"Functionalizing solar-driven steam generation towards water and energy sustainability","authors":"Ke Mao, Yaoxin Zhang, Swee Ching Tan","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00363-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00363-x","url":null,"abstract":"Solar-driven steam generation (SSG) combines solar energy and water, two of Earth’s most abundant yet essential resources, and has garnered widespread attention. Over the past decade, substantial advancements have been made in improving both solar-to-steam conversion efficiency and long-term stability. However, relying solely on solar conversion efficiency as a performance benchmark is no longer sufficient, given the widespread achievement of high efficiency levels. Exciting progress has recently been made in the functionalization of SSG, suggesting a new and pivotal role for SSG in addressing broader application scenarios related to water and energy sustainability. In this Review we first trace milestones in the development of SSG and explore its conceptual functionalization, which is driving recent innovative strides in water and energy sustainability. Insights are provided to further exploit this promising potential. Finally, we discuss the challenges and future prospects of SSG, highlighting a pathway for future development and practical applications. This Review summarizes the recent progress in solar-driven steam generation in diverse functionalizations and highlights its applications beyond water purification and desalination.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"3 2","pages":"144-156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143466322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A desalination prize focused on equitable global access to freshwater

Nature water Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1038/s44221-024-00374-8

Lauren Greenlee

引用次数: 0

Decoupling of surface water storage from precipitation in global drylands due to anthropogenic activity

Nature water Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1038/s44221-024-00367-7

Gang Zhao, Huilin Gao, Yao Li, Qiuhong Tang, R. Iestyn Woolway, Julian Merder, Lorenzo Rosa, Anna M. Michalak

{"title":"Decoupling of surface water storage from precipitation in global drylands due to anthropogenic activity","authors":"Gang Zhao, Huilin Gao, Yao Li, Qiuhong Tang, R. Iestyn Woolway, Julian Merder, Lorenzo Rosa, Anna M. Michalak","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00367-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00367-7","url":null,"abstract":"The availability of surface water in global drylands is essential for both human society and ecosystems. However, the long-term drivers of change in surface water storage, particularly those related to anthropogenic activities, remain unclear. Here we use multi-mission remote sensing data to construct monthly time series of water storage changes from 1985 to 2020 for 105,400 lakes and reservoirs in global drylands. An increase of 2.20 km3 per year in surface water storage is found primarily due to the construction of new reservoirs. For lakes and old reservoirs (constructed before 1983), conversely, the trend in storage is minor when aggregated globally, but they dominate surface water storage trends in 91% of individual global dryland basins. Further analysis reveals that long-term storage changes in these water bodies are primarily linked to anthropogenic factors—including human-induced warming and water-management practices—rather than to precipitation changes, as previously thought. These findings reveal a decoupling of surface water storage from precipitation in global drylands, raising concerns about societal and ecosystem sustainability. This study quantifies and attributes the changes of surface water storage in global dryland basins over 1985–2020, indicating that long-term changes are mainly linked to anthropogenic factors rather than precipitation.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"3 1","pages":"80-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44221-024-00367-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143121645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Floc management enables integrated anammox and enhanced biological phosphorus removal for sustainable ultra-efficient nutrient removal

Nature water Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1038/s44221-024-00380-w

Qiongpeng Dan, Qiong Zhang, Tong Wang, Hanbin Wang, Yongzhen Peng

{"title":"Floc management enables integrated anammox and enhanced biological phosphorus removal for sustainable ultra-efficient nutrient removal","authors":"Qiongpeng Dan, Qiong Zhang, Tong Wang, Hanbin Wang, Yongzhen Peng","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00380-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00380-w","url":null,"abstract":"Nutrient removal from wastewater is crucial for global wastewater recycling and sustainable reuse. However, traditional methods for nitrogen and phosphorus removal face limitations in terms of energy consumption, operational complexity and environmental impact. Here we develop a floc management strategy to integrate anammox and enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) processes in a single-stage hybrid system (biofilms and flocs). This integrated approach resolves the conflicts between anammox and EBPR processes concerning ecological niche and solid retention time, enabling ultraefficient nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiencies of 97.7 ± 1.3% and 97.4 ± 0.7%, respectively, in low-carbon municipal wastewater treatment. Notably, anammox benefitted from substrate competition with endogenous denitrification (both nitrite and nitrate) with floc loss, resulting in a significant enrichment of anammox bacteria in biofilms (12.5%) under mainstream conditions. Meanwhile, controlling floc concentrations at around 1,000 mg l−1 could maintain low polyphosphate levels in flocs, effectively addressing the additional phosphorus removal burden imposed by the enrichment of phosphorus-accumulating organisms in biofilms. This work offers a transformative solution to the long-standing challenge of integrating anammox and EBPR, paving the way for more sustainable and energy-efficient nutrient removal in wastewater treatment. The enhanced removal of nitrogen and phosphorus is realized by floc management in an integrated system of anammox and enhanced biological phosphorus removal.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"3 2","pages":"201-210"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143466274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Three-dimensional cationic covalent organic framework membranes for rapid and selective lithium extraction from saline water

Nature water Pub Date : 2025-01-10 DOI: 10.1038/s44221-024-00379-3

Wentong Meng, Sifan Chen, Zhouyu Guo, Feng Gao, Jun Wang, Jianguo Lu, Yang Hou, Qinggang He, Xiaoli Zhan, Ming Qiu, Qinghua Zhang

{"title":"Three-dimensional cationic covalent organic framework membranes for rapid and selective lithium extraction from saline water","authors":"Wentong Meng, Sifan Chen, Zhouyu Guo, Feng Gao, Jun Wang, Jianguo Lu, Yang Hou, Qinggang He, Xiaoli Zhan, Ming Qiu, Qinghua Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00379-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00379-3","url":null,"abstract":"The development of high-efficiency ion transport membranes is of great importance in the fields of energy, water purification and resource recovery. In the application of lithium extraction from salt lakes, membranes dominated by size sieving and Donnan exclusion typically enhance Li+/Mg2+ selectivity by sacrificing Li+ flux, which inevitably increases the energy consumption of the separation dramatically. In this work, we manipulate the pore charge density to demonstrate the important role of counterion-mediated positively charged channels in efficient Li+ transport. The potential relationship between the transport behaviour of cations and the membrane charge density was revealed after decoupling the transport of anions and cations using the electric field. On the basis of Manning’s counterion condensation theory and density functional theory calculations, the transport mode in monovalent cations by interacting with the anchored counterions in the positively charged pores to form a high-velocity transport pathway is revealed. The cationic covalent organic framework membranes displayed high Li+/Mg2+ selectivity of 321 in electrodialysis tests while possessing superior lithium permeation rates (0.53 mol m−2 h−1). Therefore, our results suggest that counterion-mediated covalent organic framework membranes have great potential in the field of lithium resource extraction. The counterion-mediated positively charged channels in covalent organic framework membranes enable the fast transport of lithium ions, realizing high lithium/magnesium selectivity without compromising lithium ion flux.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"3 2","pages":"191-200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143466325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Stable isotope labelling to elucidate ring cleavage mechanisms of disinfection by-product formation during chlorination of phenols

Nature water Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1038/s44221-024-00381-9

Zhuoyue Zhang, Keith P. Reber, Neechi Okwor, Priyansh D. Gujarati, Matthew Vollmuth, Lijin Zhang, Daniel L. McCurry, John D. Sivey, Carsten Prasse

{"title":"Stable isotope labelling to elucidate ring cleavage mechanisms of disinfection by-product formation during chlorination of phenols","authors":"Zhuoyue Zhang, Keith P. Reber, Neechi Okwor, Priyansh D. Gujarati, Matthew Vollmuth, Lijin Zhang, Daniel L. McCurry, John D. Sivey, Carsten Prasse","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00381-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00381-9","url":null,"abstract":"Despite decades of research on the formation of toxic disinfection by-products (DBPs) during water disinfection with chlorine, considerable uncertainties remain regarding the formation mechanism of toxic DBPs from phenolic precursors. Here we report the use of a series of synthesized ethylparabens containing stable isotope (13C) labels at different positions of the molecule to ascertain DBP formation mechanisms from phenols, including those of regulated chloroacetic acids and recently identified α,β-unsaturated dialdehydes and dicarboxylic acids. Our results highlight the involvement of four general ring cleavage pathways. Three of the DBP formation pathways involve carbons originating from the aromatic ring, while the fourth pathway involves the substituent carboxylic ester carbon in the formation of dichloroacetic acid and C4-dicarboxylic acids. Quantitative comparison of the 13C-labelled DBPs enabled further assessment of the contribution from each of these distinct pathways, providing novel insights into ring cleavage reaction mechanisms that have eluded previous DBP investigations. The pathways by which aromatic compounds transform into acyclic by-products in chlorinated waters have important implications for water treatment and public health. Ethyl parabens with stable isotope labels at different carbon positions yield insights into how aromatic compounds can transform into lower-molecular-weight disinfection by-products.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"3 2","pages":"222-230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143466323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dialysis opens a new pathway for high-salinity organic wastewater treatment

Nature water Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1038/s44221-024-00368-6

Yuanmiaoliang Chen, Longchao Wang, Martina del Cerro, Li Wang, Xuan Zhang, Menachem Elimelech, Zhangxin Wang

{"title":"Dialysis opens a new pathway for high-salinity organic wastewater treatment","authors":"Yuanmiaoliang Chen, Longchao Wang, Martina del Cerro, Li Wang, Xuan Zhang, Menachem Elimelech, Zhangxin Wang","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00368-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00368-6","url":null,"abstract":"High-salinity organic wastewaters pose a major challenge for conventional wastewater treatment processes. Here we propose dialysis as an innovative solution to overcome this challenge. Dialysis uses an ultrafiltration (UF) membrane that allows the passage of salts while rejecting the organic substances, operating in a bilateral countercurrent flow mode without the application of hydraulic pressure. Using bench-scale experiments and a model for salt and water transport in leaky membranes, we demonstrate that dialysis can effectively desalinate high-salinity organic wastewaters without diluting the wastewater stream. By comparing the salt/organic selectivity of dialysis and UF using the same membrane, we show that dialysis can effectively fractionate salts and organic substances in high-salinity organic wastewaters. Additionally, we find that, unlike UF, dialysis is almost unaffected by membrane fouling, highlighting its excellent fouling resistance. We conclude by proposing potential high-salinity organic wastewater treatment schemes based on dialysis, paving the way for more sustainable and effective management of challenging wastewaters. The treatment of high-salinity organic wastewater is challenging using traditional processes. Dialysis using the ultrafiltration membranes allows the permeation of salts, realizing the separation of salts and organic substances without diluting the wastewater streams.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"3 1","pages":"49-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143121628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Global estimates of the storage and transit time of water through vegetation

Nature water Pub Date : 2025-01-09 DOI: 10.1038/s44221-024-00365-9

Andrew J. Felton, Joshua B. Fisher, Koen Hufkens, Adam J. Purdy, Seth A. Spawn-Lee, Lou F. Duloisy, Gregory R. Goldsmith

{"title":"Global estimates of the storage and transit time of water through vegetation","authors":"Andrew J. Felton, Joshua B. Fisher, Koen Hufkens, Adam J. Purdy, Seth A. Spawn-Lee, Lou F. Duloisy, Gregory R. Goldsmith","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00365-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00365-9","url":null,"abstract":"The time it takes for water to transit from the ground back to the atmosphere affects weather, climate, biogeochemistry and ecosystem function. The transit time of water through vegetation, defined as the age of water transpiring from vegetation since time of entry, is a particularly understudied aspect of the terrestrial hydrologic cycle. Here we use a synergy of satellite remote sensing measurements over a five-year period to estimate global aboveground vegetation water storage to be on average 484 km3, roughly half of which is stored in Earth’s water-limited savannah, grassland and shrubland ecosystems. We then combine these storage estimates with remotely sensed data for transpiration and find that mean transit times of water through aboveground vegetation vary from ~5 days in croplands to ~18 days in evergreen needleleaf forests, with a global median of 8.1 days. In herbaceous-dominated land-cover types with comparatively low water storage and high seasonal water use, such as grasslands, the water stored in biomass may be frequently transiting in less than one day. Our estimates contribute to resolving the role of vegetation in the terrestrial hydrologic cycle; plants store little water compared to other pools, and the time it takes to return that water to the atmosphere is among the fastest components of the hydrologic cycle. Using satellite data, this study presents global estimates of transit times of water through vegetation across ecosystems, highlighting the dynamic role of plants in the hydrologic cycle.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"3 1","pages":"59-69"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143121625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unravelling groundwater–stream connections over the continental United States

Nature water Pub Date : 2025-01-06 DOI: 10.1038/s44221-024-00366-8

Chen Yang, Laura E. Condon, Reed M. Maxwell

{"title":"Unravelling groundwater–stream connections over the continental United States","authors":"Chen Yang, Laura E. Condon, Reed M. Maxwell","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00366-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00366-8","url":null,"abstract":"Groundwater is a critical component of the terrestrial water cycle, yet the distance and depth of its connections with streamflow remain unquantified at large scale. Here we conducted a backward-particle-tracking simulation across the continental United States. We quantified the lateral length and vertical depth of groundwater flow discharged to streams as baseflow. Our simulation results suggest that water may travel longer distances underground before emerging in a stream than previously thought, and that deep groundwater sourced from consolidated sediments, aquifers typically 10–100 m below the ground surface, contribute more than half of the baseflow in 56% of the subbasins. Water-balance approaches may underestimate inter-basin groundwater flow due to concurrent groundwater exportation and importation of a watershed. Unexpectedly stronger connections of streamflow with deep and inter-basin groundwater flow paths found here have important implications for watershed resilience to climate change and persistence of contamination. Using a backward-particle-tracking simulation across the contiguous United States, this study quantifies the distance and depth of the groundwater entering a stream and highlights the strong connections between streamflow and deep and inter-basin groundwater flow paths.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"3 1","pages":"70-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44221-024-00366-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143121573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0