Nature water最新文献_第10页

Energy trade tempers Nile water conflict 能源贸易缓和尼罗河水资源冲突

Nature water Pub Date : 2024-04-26 DOI: 10.1038/s44221-024-00222-9

Mikiyas Etichia, Mohammed Basheer, Ruben Bravo, Jose Gutierrez, Atsede Endegnanew, Jose M. Gonzalez, Anthony Hurford, James Tomlinson, Eduardo Martinez, Mathaios Panteli, Julien J. Harou

{"title":"Energy trade tempers Nile water conflict","authors":"Mikiyas Etichia, Mohammed Basheer, Ruben Bravo, Jose Gutierrez, Atsede Endegnanew, Jose M. Gonzalez, Anthony Hurford, James Tomlinson, Eduardo Martinez, Mathaios Panteli, Julien J. Harou","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00222-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00222-9","url":null,"abstract":"The demand for energy, water and food in Africa continues to increase, resulting in growing pressure on contentious multisector resource systems like the River Nile. The ongoing dispute over Nile resources could become a zero-sum game if addressed from a water-centric viewpoint. Understanding how energy system management impacts water infrastructure introduces new opportunities to solve water conflicts. Although benefit-sharing of water resources in the Nile Basin has been promoted to counteract water volume disputes, it has not yielded actionable solutions to the toughest negotiations over the past two decades. Here we develop a detailed and integrated energy–river basin system simulator of 13 East African countries, including the Nile Basin, and show how new electricity trade agreements between Ethiopia, Sudan and Egypt could help resolve the ongoing water dispute over the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam. The results show that increasing energy trade can reduce Egyptian water deficits, reduce regional greenhouse gas emissions, increase hydropower generation in all three countries, reduce energy curtailment in Sudan and increase Ethiopia’s financial returns from electricity. This study underscores how spatial quantification of river–energy system interdependencies can help decision-makers find actionable multisector benefit-sharing solutions. Electricity trade between Ethiopia, Sudan and Egypt is proposed as a mechanism for alleviating Nile water disputes. Simulations show potential benefits, including reduced water deficits, lowered emissions and increased financial returns.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44221-024-00222-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140651216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Energy trade is the future of water management for the Nile 能源贸易是尼罗河水资源管理的未来

Nature water Pub Date : 2024-04-26 DOI: 10.1038/s44221-024-00230-9

Kevin G. Wheeler

引用次数: 0

Solar-light-activated periodate for degradation and detoxification of highly toxic 6PPD-quinone at environmental levels 太阳光激活的高碘酸盐在环境水平上降解和解毒剧毒 6PPD-quinone

Nature water Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.1038/s44221-024-00236-3

Long Chen, Jingrun Hu, Alistair G. L. Borthwick, Weiliang Sun, Huixuan Zhang, Dantong Jia, Wen Liu

{"title":"Solar-light-activated periodate for degradation and detoxification of highly toxic 6PPD-quinone at environmental levels","authors":"Long Chen, Jingrun Hu, Alistair G. L. Borthwick, Weiliang Sun, Huixuan Zhang, Dantong Jia, Wen Liu","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00236-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00236-3","url":null,"abstract":"Degradation and detoxication of highly toxic 6PPD-quinone remain great challenges due to its stable structure. Here we establish a solar-light-driven IO4− activation system for efficient degradation of 6PPD-quinone at environmental concentration levels (10–100 μg l−1), with residual concentration below 5.7 ng l−1 (detection limit) within 30 min. IO3• was determined as the primary reactive species after IO4− activation for cleavage of the highly toxic quinone structure. Single electron transfer is the most favourable route for IO3• attacking, in which single electrons achieve self-driven transfer from 6PPD-quinone to IO3• due to the maintenance of spatial inversion symmetry generated by dipole moments. Femtosecond transient absorption spectra confirmed the formation of 6PPD-quinone cationic radical (6PPD-quinone•+), which was the key reaction intermediate. This study proposes a promising technology for degradation and detoxification of highly toxic 6PPD-quinone in water and brings deep insight into the reaction mechanism within IO4− activation systems. There is a pressing need to develop effective treatment technologies for 6PPD-quinone, a newly discovered micropollutant, given its prevalent presence in water. The proposed advanced oxidation of IO4− activation under solar light irradiation achieves efficient degradation of 6PPD-quinone at environmental concentration levels.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140658049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Simultaneous time-resolved inorganic haloamine measurements enable analysis of disinfectant degradation kinetics and by-product formation 同时进行的时间分辨无机卤胺测量有助于分析消毒剂降解动力学和副产品的形成

Nature water Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.1038/s44221-024-00227-4

Samuel H. Brodfuehrer, Daniel C. Blomdahl, David G. Wahman, Gerald E. Speitel Jr., Pawel K. Misztal, Lynn E. Katz

{"title":"Simultaneous time-resolved inorganic haloamine measurements enable analysis of disinfectant degradation kinetics and by-product formation","authors":"Samuel H. Brodfuehrer, Daniel C. Blomdahl, David G. Wahman, Gerald E. Speitel Jr., Pawel K. Misztal, Lynn E. Katz","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00227-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00227-4","url":null,"abstract":"We demonstrate the application of proton transfer time-of-flight mass spectrometry (PTR-TOF-MS) in monitoring the kinetics of disinfectant decay in water with a sensitivity one to three orders of magnitude greater than other analytical methods. Chemical disinfection inactivates pathogens during water treatment and prevents regrowth as water is conveyed in distribution system pipes, but it also causes formation of toxic disinfection by-products. Analytical limits have hindered kinetic models, which aid in ensuring water quality and protecting public health by predicting disinfection by-products formation. PTR-TOF-MS, designed for measuring gas phase concentrations of organic compounds, was able to simultaneously monitor aqueous concentrations of five inorganic haloamines relevant to chloramine disinfection under drinking water relevant concentrations. This novel application to aqueous analytes opens a new range of applications for PTR-TOF-MS. Chloramine is one of the most widely used disinfection methods for drinking water, and monitoring the complex reactions is still challenging. The proton transfer time-of-flight mass spectrometry developed here offers great sensitivity in measuring the kinetics of disinfectant decay in water.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140669299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Water commons grabbing and (in)justice 掠夺水资源和（不）公正

Nature water Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.1038/s44221-024-00231-8

Paolo D’Odorico, Jampel Dell’Angelo, Maria Cristina Rulli

引用次数: 0

An analytical view of disinfectant degradation and disinfection by-product formation 消毒剂降解和消毒副产物形成的分析视角

Nature water Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.1038/s44221-024-00234-5

Said Kinani, Stéphane Bouchonnet

引用次数: 0

Why we must respect the goals we promised to achieve 为什么我们必须尊重我们承诺实现的目标

Nature water Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.1038/s44221-024-00228-3

Jan Eliasson

引用次数: 0

Assessing effective deterrence of theft in transboundary water systems 评估有效遏制跨界水系中的盗窃行为

Nature water Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI: 10.1038/s44221-024-00223-8

Adam Loch, Michael Croft, David Adamson, Mark Giancaspro

{"title":"Assessing effective deterrence of theft in transboundary water systems","authors":"Adam Loch, Michael Croft, David Adamson, Mark Giancaspro","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00223-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00223-8","url":null,"abstract":"Analysis of water theft remains challenging given poor data and limited cases, restricting assessments to higher levels where attempted. However, high-level research within key transboundary contexts can offer evidence for improved theft deterrence and critical legislative change requirements, along with institutional insights for other jurisdictions. For example, Federal water regulators of Australia’s Murray–Darling Basin (MDB), which is an important transboundary water system, have called for consistency in compliance and certainty across State jurisdictions to help protect water market confidence and resource reallocation outcomes that are critical in drought periods. Here we explore the complex legal processes for penalty setting in water theft cases that may drive ineffective compliance when the value of legal harm is procedurally downgraded under the legitimate consideration of mitigating factors. We aim to identify applied certainty and severity deterrence principles for reducing environmental and economic harm, as well as how to incorporate alternate water values in penalty setting to inform a future framework to analyse MDB legislative consistency and institutional transparency with lessons for other countries. This paper explores legal processes for penalty setting in water theft cases in transboundary water systems and develops ideas to identify differences and potentially drive consistency between jurisdictions.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140599519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Arsenic water decontamination by a bioinspired As-sequestering porous membrane 利用生物启发的 As-sequestering 多孔膜净化砷水

Nature water Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI: 10.1038/s44221-024-00220-x

Francesco Galiano, Raffaella Mancuso, Lorenzo Guazzelli, Christian S. Pomelli, Jochen Bundschuh, Jörg Rinklebe, Shan-Li Wang, Carmine Apollaro, Fabio Palumbo, Cinzia Chiappe, Alberto Figoli, Bartolo Gabriele

{"title":"Arsenic water decontamination by a bioinspired As-sequestering porous membrane","authors":"Francesco Galiano, Raffaella Mancuso, Lorenzo Guazzelli, Christian S. Pomelli, Jochen Bundschuh, Jörg Rinklebe, Shan-Li Wang, Carmine Apollaro, Fabio Palumbo, Cinzia Chiappe, Alberto Figoli, Bartolo Gabriele","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00220-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00220-x","url":null,"abstract":"Arsenic water contamination is a major issue worldwide, particularly in regions where groundwater is the primary source of drinking and irrigation water. Therefore, there is an urgent need of addressing this problem in an effective and environmentally friendly manner. So far, several conventional and emerging removal technologies have been implemented for arsenic removal from water, including coagulation, flocculation, adsorption and membrane-based separation approaches. Here we show the successful development of a new bio-inspired porous membrane that has been made selective for the removal of arsenic (As(V) as well as the more toxic and difficult to remove As(III)) present in arsenic-contaminated groundwaters. The arsenic removal efficiency of the membrane has been successfully assessed both in model solutions and in a real groundwater. Very importantly, owing to the high selectivity of the membrane towards arsenic, no substantial demineralization occurred with the real groundwater, which therefore became directly suitable for human consumption. Arsenic water contamination may affect spring water as well as water reservoirs around the world and requires the development of efficient and sustainable remediation technologies. A bioinspired porous membrane allows obtaining filtrated water with an As concentration below the recommendation from the World Health Organization.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140599514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A bio-inspired membrane for arsenic removal 用于除砷的生物启发膜

Nature water Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI: 10.1038/s44221-024-00233-6

Baolin Deng

引用次数: 0