Nature water最新文献

{"title":"Pseudo-continuous and scalable electrochemical ion pumping with circuit-switching-induced ion shuttling","authors":"Longqian Xu, Weifan Liu, Xudong Zhang, Wei Tang, Dong-Ju Lee, Zezhou Yang, Zheng Chen, Shihong Lin","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00312-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00312-8","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the potential of electrosorption to address many challenges in sustainability at the water–energy–food nexus, the performance of conventional electrosorption is hindered by the technical limitations associated with the need to switch solutions in the flow channels between the charging and discharging half-cycles. Here we show that electrochemical ion pumping (EIP), powered by the mechanism of ion shuttling induced by circuit switching, offers a highly scalable approach to overcome the limitations of solution switching and achieve pseudo-continuous ion separation with unidirectional ion flux. We demonstrate the feasibility of EIP with symmetric and asymmetric configurations and report a systematic investigation of symmetric EIP with both a single electrode and multiple electrodes. We unveil interesting system behaviours of multi-electrode EIP that are critical to scaling up EIP for practical applications. We also show salient performance enhancement of EIP compared with conventional electrosorption using various types of configurations for brackish water desalination. In addition to its exceptional scalability and performance, the ability of EIP to operate with ultrashort half-cycles with minimum capacitance has a strong potential to shift the paradigm of system and electrode design in a broad range of electrochemical separation applications. Unlike solution switching in conventional electrosorption, electrochemical ion pumping achieves ion separation via circuit switching, enabling pseudo-continuous desalination with a unidirectional ion flux and a very high frequency of charging and discharging.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"2 10","pages":"999-1008"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valuing energy flexibility from water systems","authors":"Akshay K. Rao, Jose Bolorinos, Erin Musabandesu, Fletcher T. Chapin, Meagan S. Mauter","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00316-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00316-4","url":null,"abstract":"Water systems represent an untapped source of electric power load flexibility, but determining the value of this flexibility requires quantitative comparisons to other grid-scale energy storage technologies and a compelling economic case for water system operators. Here we present a unified framework for representing water asset flexibility using grid-scale energy storage metrics (round-trip efficiency, energy capacity and power capacity) and assessing the technoeconomic benefits of energy flexibility at the water facility scale (levelized cost of water and levelized value of flexibility). We apply this framework to case studies of an advanced water treatment (desalination) plant, a water distribution network and a wastewater treatment plant. The framework reveals strengths and limitations of water system flexibility relative to other grid-scale energy storage solutions, high-value opportunities for flexible load operation of water assets and the critical role of electricity tariff structures and energy service markets in determining water sector participation in load flexibility. Ultimately, this unified framework for valuating water asset flexibility enables both electricity and water asset managers to prioritize investments based on levelized cost comparisons across their respective portfolios. This Article introduces a framework to assess water systems as potential sources of energy flexibility using energy storage metrics and levelized costs. Through case studies of a desalination plant, a water distribution network and a wastewater treatment plant, it explores the benefits and challenges of flexible load operation, highlighting how electricity tariffs may influence facility investment decisions.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"2 10","pages":"1028-1037"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global scale exploration of human faecal and sewage resistomes as a function of socio-economic status","authors":"Suraj Gupta, Xiaowei Wu, Amy Pruden, Liqing Zhang, Peter Vikesland","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00310-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00310-w","url":null,"abstract":"Prior studies have shown that socio-economic indicators collectively explain most of the variance in sewage resistomes. However, the relationship between human faecal and sewage resistomes has not been well characterized. We investigated common and discriminating features between human faecal and sewage microbiomes and resistomes by analysing 451 publicly available metagenomic samples from 69 countries (240 human faecal samples from 23 countries and 211 urban sewage samples from 60 countries) representing different socio-economic statuses. We found that sewage and human faecal resistome compositions were distinct, with sewage exhibiting higher relative antibiotic resistance gene abundance and total diversity than human faeces. The ANOSIM test revealed stronger separation by socio-economic status in sewage samples (R = 0.47) compared to faecal samples (R = 0.17). The distinctions between human faecal and sewage resistomes revealed in this study are key considerations in the advancement of sewage surveillance efforts aimed at informing the antibiotic resistance status of human populations. Extensive comparisons of human faecal and sewage resistomes provide essential insights into the differences between these resistomes and their relationship with socio-economic factors.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"2 10","pages":"975-987"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ecohydrological resilience and the landscape water storage continuum in droughts","authors":"Doerthe Tetzlaff, Hjalmar Laudon, Shuxin Luo, Chris Soulsby","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00300-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00300-y","url":null,"abstract":"Improved quantification of the three-dimensional water storage continuum in the subsurface of intermediate-sized catchments is a prerequisite to improving both ecohydrological and societal resilience to droughts.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"2 10","pages":"915-918"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142256503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liquid-infused aerogel membranes with reverse functions enable on-demand emulsification and demulsification","authors":"Tong Wu, Yinglai Hou, Zengwei Liu, Yuzhen Li, Lingling Wang, Guosong Wu, Zhizhi Sheng, Jiapeng Sun, Xuetong Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00290-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00290-x","url":null,"abstract":"The introduction of a functional liquid into a porous membrane has appeared recently. Yet, how to selectively confine the functional liquid into a hierarchically porous matrix to achieve reverse functions of emulsification and demulsification in one membrane remains elusive. Here the hierarchical porous aerogel membrane can be created by simultaneously taking advantage of reprotonation, non-solvent-induced phase separation and chemical-triggered sol–gel transition of the mixture of aramid nanofibre and polyvinylpyrrolidone to only confine the aqueous phase in nano spaces. By regulating the given pressure, selectively in situ liquid-infused aerogel membranes (SILAMs) can be commanded for emulsification or demulsification. In emulsification mode, SILAMs can produce uniform emulsions with tailorable sizes and outstanding stability for up to 10 weeks. Compared with other emulsification membranes, SILAMs produce smaller-sized emulsions at lower energy consumption. Notably, the discrimination among micro- and nano-emulsions is showcased by rationalizing the pore structure of the hierarchical porous aerogel membrane and tuning the driven pressure on SILAM. In a demulsification manner, SILAMs can realize efficient oil and water separation with sustained anti-fouling performance from both emulsions and mixture with arbitrary oil/water ratio. The oil–water separation factor of SILAMs is up to 99.97% and can be cycled up to 30 times to purify real ship wastewater. These unique SILAMs can promote the development of smart membranes for various applications, ranging from water treatment, materials fabrication and food industry to the petrochemical industry. Liquid-infused porous membranes with rich interfacial properties have been developed and demonstrate potential across diverse applications. The in situ infusion of selected liquids into aerogel membranes enables on-demand emulsification and demulsification, conserving energy and exhibiting anti-fouling characteristics.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"2 9","pages":"899-910"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142256555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biogeochemical and community ecology responses to the wetting of non-perennial streams","authors":"Adam Nicholas Price, Margaret Ann Zimmer, Anna Bergstrom, Amy Jo Burgin, Erin Cedar Seybold, Corey Anne Krabbenhoft, Sam Zipper, Michelle Hope Busch, Walter Kennedy Dodds, Annika Walters, Jane Sarah Rogosch, Rachel Stubbington, Richard Harry Walker, James Christian Stegen, Thibault Datry, Mathis Messager, Julian Olden, Sarah Elizabeth Godsey, Margaret Shanafield, David Lytle, Ryan Burrows, Kendra Elena Kaiser, George Henry Allen, Meryl Christine Mims, Jonathan Douglas Tonkin, Michael Bogan, John Christopher Hammond, Kate Boersma, Allison Nicole Myers-Pigg, Amanda DelVecchia, Daniel Allen, Songyan Yu, Adam Ward","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00298-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00298-3","url":null,"abstract":"Transitions between dry and wet hydrologic states are the defining characteristic of non-perennial rivers and streams, which constitute the majority of the global river network. Although past work has focused on stream drying characteristics, there has been less focus on how hydrology, ecology and biogeochemistry respond and interact during stream wetting. Wetting mechanisms are highly variable and can range from dramatic floods and debris flows to gradual saturation by upwelling groundwater. This variation in wetting affects ecological and biogeochemical functions, including nutrient processing, sediment transport and the assembly of biotic communities. Here we synthesize evidence describing the hydrological mechanisms underpinning different types of wetting regimes, the associated biogeochemical and organismal responses, and the potential scientific and management implications for downstream ecosystems. This combined multidisciplinary understanding of wetting dynamics in non-perennial streams will be key to predicting and managing for the effects of climate change on non-perennial ecosystems. This Perspective presents a wetting regime framework that is classified by dominant hydrologic mechanisms and highlights the resulting responses of stream biogeochemistry and community ecology.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"2 9","pages":"815-826"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142256505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The state of women in the water domain","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00313-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00313-7","url":null,"abstract":"Women are underrepresented at all levels in the formal water workforce, yet overrepresented in the unpaid work of managing water, sanitation and hygiene resources at the household level.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"2 9","pages":"803-803"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44221-024-00313-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142256502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Membrane emulsification and de-emulsification by physical and entropic levers","authors":"James D. Martin, Lucian Lucia","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00306-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00306-6","url":null,"abstract":"Functional liquid-infused porous membranes show promise in many applications including emulsification of liquid mixtures and de-emulsification for water purification. In situ liquid-infused aerogel membranes with reverse functionality exploit a hierarchical microstructure of hydrated aerogels and the functionality of micro-confined water, enabling on-demand emulsification/de-emulsification.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"2 9","pages":"809-810"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142256501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Author Correction: Mixtures of organic micropollutants exacerbated in vitro neurotoxicity of prymnesins and contributed to aquatic toxicity during a toxic algal bloom","authors":"Beate I. Escher, Jörg Ahlheim, Alexander Böhme, Dietrich Borchardt, Werner Brack, Georg Braun, John K. Colbourne, Janek Paul Dann, Joern Gessner, Annika Jahnke, Maria König, Nils Klüver, Martin Krauss, Jungeun Lee, Xiaojing Li, Stefan Lips, Luisa Orsini, Karsten Rinke, Mechthild Schmitt-Jansen, Stefan Scholz, Tobias Schulze, Stephanie Spahr, Nadin Ulrich, Markus Weitere, Elisabeth Varga","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00325-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00325-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"2 10","pages":"1039-1039"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44221-024-00325-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrovoltaic electricity generation induced by living leaf transpiration","authors":"Qichang Hu, Xiuyu Lin, Guoping Ren, Jian Lü, Wei Wang, Dong Zhang, Shungui Zhou","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00311-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00311-9","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrovoltaic electricity generation, being demonstrated through various forms of water movement, holds great promise for advancing green energy technologies. However, the natural transpiration of plant leaves, as the largest water flux on land accumulating immense latent energy, has rarely been directly harvested. Here we present a living leaf transpiration generator using a lotus leaf, enabling direct harvest of latent energy via leaf transpiration. The leaf transpiration generator demonstrated sustained all-day electricity generation, featuring an open-circuit voltage of 0.25 V and a short-circuit current of 50 nA, which was effectively amplified in series or parallel connections. Partial least squares path modelling analysis indicated that improved electricity generation was attributed to enhanced transpiration rate, stomatal conductivity and temperature, while increased relative humidity had a counteractive effect. This study not only uncovers the unprecedented hydrovoltaic effect of leaf transpiration but also provides a fresh perspective for advancing green energy technologies through the widespread phenomenon of leaf transpiration. This study presents the hydrovoltaic electricity generation induced by living leaf transpiration. It emphasizes the hydrovoltaic effect in various plant species, showcasing a new, untapped source of green energy from natural transpiration processes.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"2 10","pages":"988-998"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142256556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}