Nature water最新文献

{"title":"Defining and achieving net-zero emissions in the wastewater sector","authors":"Cuihong Song, Jun-Jie Zhu, Zhiguo Yuan, Mark C. M. van Loosdrecht, Zhiyong Jason Ren","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00318-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00318-2","url":null,"abstract":"Here we delve into the challenges and innovative strategies for achieving net-zero emissions in the wastewater sector, a notable source of global greenhouse gases. Unlike other infrastructure sectors, wastewater management involves complex and variably quantifiable emissions across all scopes, making standardization difficult. This study provides a global overview of the sector’s emissions profiles by leveraging literature mining, data analysis and case studies. It emphasizes the substantial variability in emissions, identifies key emission sources and locations, and advocates for tailored monitoring and mitigation strategies. It highlights the potential emissions shifting across scopes due to the adoption of new technologies and accounting practices, and it argues for a holistic analysis for optimization and integration to ensure a net benefit of the overall reductions in carbon footprints. This study underscores the urgency of rethinking current practices to align with ambitious mid-century net-zero targets, emphasizing the critical role of accurate emissions quantification and comprehensive decarbonization strategies. This Review offers a comprehensive global overview of greenhouse gas emissions in the wastewater sector, highlighting key gaps in emission quantification and mitigation. It explores current decarbonization strategies, emphasizes the complexity of emissions across all scopes, and advocates for tailored monitoring, holistic analysis and strong support from different stakeholders to drive effective mitigation and achieve net-zero emissions.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"2 10","pages":"927-935"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photovoltaic electrodialysis makes brackish water treatment simpler","authors":"Xiang-Yu Kong, Liping Wen","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00320-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00320-8","url":null,"abstract":"Desalination of brackish groundwater at the community scale could be realized in resource-constrained communities through the use of photovoltaic electrodialysis. Here a flow-commanded current-flow strategy is described.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"2 10","pages":"925-926"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reinventing the electrochemical desalination platform","authors":"Christopher G. Arges","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00321-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00321-7","url":null,"abstract":"Electrochemical ion pumping that continuously removes ions from feed streams by circuit-switch-induced ion shuttling provides a potentially more practical and energy-efficient approach to electrochemical desalination.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"2 10","pages":"923-924"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Direct-drive photovoltaic electrodialysis via flow-commanded current control","authors":"Jonathan Tae-Yoon Bessette, Shane Richard Pratt, Amos G. Winter V","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00314-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00314-6","url":null,"abstract":"Renewable powered, brackish groundwater desalination is an underutilized resource in the developing world, where there are unreliable energy sources and reliance on increasingly saline groundwater. Traditional renewable desalination technologies require sizable energy storage for sufficient water production, leading to increased cost, maintenance and complexity. We theorize and demonstrate a simple control strategy—flow-commanded current control—using photovoltaic electrodialysis (PV-ED) to enable direct-drive (little to no energy storage), optimally controlled desalination at high production rates. This control scheme was implemented on a fully autonomous, community-scale (2–5 m3 d−1) PV-ED prototype system and operated for 6 months in New Mexico on real brackish groundwater. The prototype fully harnessed 94% of the extracted PV energy despite featuring an energy storage to water productivity ratio of over 99% less than the median PV desalination systems in literature. Flow-commanded current control PV-ED provides a simple strategy to desalinate water for resource-constrained communities and has implications for decarbonizing larger, energy-intensive desalination industries. Desalination of brackish water powered by renewable energy sources is a promising approach to obtain clean water in environmentally constrained communities, but high energy storage requirements hamper its development. Direct-drive photovoltaic electrodialysis is now shown to efficiently produce desalinated water while requiring minimal energy storage.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"2 10","pages":"1019-1027"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44221-024-00314-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Going from energy efficiency to climate neutrality on the way to decarbonizing the wastewater sector","authors":"Maria Salvetti","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00322-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00322-6","url":null,"abstract":"Reducing carbon emission in the wastewater treatment sector requires both lower energy consumption and a transition towards renewable energy sources. Utilizing the embedded energy in wastewater, which has been traditionally overlooked, could be a substantial additional step towards achieving carbon neutrality.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"2 10","pages":"913-914"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brine concentration at ambient conditions using ion exchange","authors":"Treavor H. Boyer","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00319-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00319-1","url":null,"abstract":"A two-step process of water uptake by ion-exchange resin followed by evaporation can concentrate brine solutions without the need for heating.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"2 10","pages":"921-922"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New approach to progress development of hybrid urban water systems","authors":"Jurg Keller","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00317-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00317-3","url":null,"abstract":"With ever growing challenges, our urban water systems will need to adapt and change significantly in coming years. A new tool is now available to evaluate a wide range of diversified and decentralized solutions, including their costs and benefits, to improve sustainability and resilience of our cities.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"2 10","pages":"919-920"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accelerated low-temperature, low-fouling brine concentration through evaporative ion exchange mediated by the effect of functional groups","authors":"Hao Chen, Arup K. SenGupta","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00305-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00305-7","url":null,"abstract":"Achieving brine concentration by membrane distillation or the various humidification–dehumidification processes that are currently available always requires a thermal energy input and an elevated temperature. In this study, we developed a brine concentration process mediated by the unique osmotic and evaporation properties of high-capacity ion exchange resins. The evaporative ion exchange process consists of two steps. First, when a concentrated salt solution is brought into contact with a relatively dry, high-capacity polymeric ion exchanger, water selectively permeates into the ion exchanger phase through osmosis and the resin swells. In the second step, water evaporates when the swollen ion exchanger is brought into contact with air with low relative humidity and the resin shrinks. Here we show that, with hypersaline produced water from Marcellus gas shale, this evaporative ion exchange process attained total dissolved solids greater than 400,000 mg l−1, leading to the precipitation/crystallization of barium and sodium chloride at ambient temperature without causing any fouling of the ion exchange resins. The evaporative ion exchange process developed in this study achieves brine concentration at ambient temperature without fouling, providing a non-thermal brine concentration technology towards zero liquid discharge.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"2 10","pages":"1009-1018"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Let the Olympics serve as warning for water quality","authors":"Hong Yang","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00324-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00324-4","url":null,"abstract":"Water pollution in the Seine and Thames rivers underscores the urgent need for unified and global action. As climate change intensifies, outdated infrastructure and reactive measures fall short. We must adopt proactive strategies, improve wastewater treatment, and implement nature-based solutions.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"2 10","pages":"912-912"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142451323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Universal microbial indicators provide surveillance of sewage contamination in harbours worldwide","authors":"Sandra L. McLellan, Anthony Chariton, Annachiara Codello, Jill S. McClary-Gutierrez, Melissa K. Schussman, Ezequiel M. Marzinelli, Judith M. O’Neil, Eric J. Schott, Jennifer L. Bowen, Joe H. Vineis, Lois Maignien, Clarisse Lemonnier, Morgan Perennou, Karen S. Gibb, Guang-Jie Zhou, Kenneth M. Y. Leung, Marek Kirs, John F. Griffith, Joshua A. Steele, Stephen E. Swearer, Allyson L. O’Brien, Dehai Song, Shengkang Liang, Junfeng Li, Laura Airoldi, Francesco P. Mancuso, Paulo S. Salomon, Arthur W. Silva-Lima, Renato C. Pereira, Alexandria B. Boehm, Elton W. X. Lim, Stefan Wuertz, Emilio Fernández, Eva Teira, Ming-Ling Liao, Yun-Wei Dong, Peter D. Steinberg","doi":"10.1038/s44221-024-00315-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-024-00315-5","url":null,"abstract":"Human population pressures and activities pose unprecedented challenges to water resources in urban environments. However, standard methods of assessing microbial water quality have relied on the same cultured organisms for decades. We show that there is a conserved microbial assemblage in untreated sewage that can be exploited to improve global sewage surveillance. Among harbour and coastal water samples from 18 cities across 5 continents (n = 442), nearly half had evidence of sewage contamination using two human faecal bacteria as molecular indicators. In contrast, conventional measures using cultured Escherichia coli or enterococci only exceeded water quality limits in ~18% of samples, with less than half of these demonstrating sewage indicators. Contaminated locations also displayed a signature characteristic of microorganisms mainly derived from sewer infrastructure. Given the human health risk, loss of ecosystem services and economic costs associated with contaminated coastal waters, molecular approaches could provide more reliable information on sewage contamination of urban waterways. Assessing microbial water quality is an important approach to monitor potential risks to human and environmental health. The use of two human faecal bacteria as molecular indicators is shown to be more sensitive than conventional measures for detecting contamination on an extensive set of data.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"2 11","pages":"1061-1070"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142672781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}