Nature water最新文献

{"title":"Graphene-based filters for customized drinking water purification","authors":"Manuela Melucci, Letizia Bocchi, Massimo Zambianchi, Vincenzo Palermo","doi":"10.1038/s44221-025-00427-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-025-00427-6","url":null,"abstract":"A novel nanomaterial features the ideal surface chemistry for removing emerging, persistent organic contaminants from drinking water, leading to a swift transition from fundamental research to large-scale applications.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"3 4","pages":"369-371"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145122997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanofiltration and reverse osmosis technologies for disinfection by-product removal","authors":"Lei Wang, Chuyang Y. Tang, Yunxia Hu, Baiyang Chen, Wei Xing","doi":"10.1038/s44221-025-00413-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-025-00413-y","url":null,"abstract":"The presence of disinfection by-products (DBPs) in drinking water poses substantial health risks, necessitating effective removal strategies. Although nanofiltration and reverse osmosis (RO) show promise in DBP removal, their full potential remains largely unexplored. Here we examine DBP rejection by nanofiltration/RO, focusing on membrane characteristics, DBP properties, water quality and operating conditions. Optimization strategies, such as reducing the effective pore size, increasing surface charge and roughness, and improving desalination capacity, can enhance size-exclusion, electrostatic repulsion and overall DBP rejection efficiency. Feed water quality and operational conditions affect removal efficiency by altering membrane pore structure, surface charge and DBP speciation. Membrane ageing can impair neutral-DBP removal and enhance charged-DBP removal. Notably, small, hydrophilic and neutral DBP species pose challenges for effective rejection and warrant prioritized mitigation efforts. Overall, a comprehensive understanding of the interactions among membranes, DBPs, water components and operating conditions is crucial for effectively minimizing DBP risk. This Review discusses the potential of nanofiltration and reverse osmosis in the removal of disinfection by-products, highlighting the interactions among membranes and chemicals.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"3 4","pages":"388-414"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145122993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atmospheric drought indices in future projections","authors":"Sergio M. Vicente-Serrano, Fernando Domínguez-Castro, Santiago Beguería, Ahmed El Kenawy, Luis Gimeno-Sotelo, Magí Franquesa, Cesar Azorin-Molina, Miguel Andres-Martin, Amar Halifa-Marín","doi":"10.1038/s44221-025-00416-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-025-00416-9","url":null,"abstract":"In this Perspective we critically discuss future drought projections, focusing on key issues related to the concept of drought and its frequent confusion with aridity. We address the common misunderstanding between drought metrics and drought indices, as well as misconceptions about what drought indices represent. Our analysis emphasizes the role of atmospheric evaporative demand in shaping future drought severity, along with its drivers, impact processes, and responses to global warming, while highlighting related observational and theoretical challenges. We also shed light on the uncertainties and limitations of Earth system models (ESMs) in assessing future drought severity. We explore the complexities of ESMs in accurately representing plant physiological and hydrological processes, which are crucial for evaluating drought severity. Our discussion also delves into the nuanced effects of atmospheric CO2 concentrations on these processes and on water dynamics within ESMs, helping to clarify conceptual issues related to atmospheric drought indices. Finally, we advocate for a balanced evaluation of drought metrics, emphasizing the importance of considering multiple atmospheric processes in drought projections. This Perspective highlights the uncertainties in assessing future drought severity, arising from conceptual misconceptions, methodological discrepancies and the limitations of Earth system models (ESMs) in accurately representing hydrological and ecological processes. A balanced approach that incorporates atmospheric drought indices can better improve the accuracy of drought assessments.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"3 4","pages":"374-387"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145123001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transdisciplinary ecohydrology for water management solutions and sustainability","authors":"Rahmah Elfithri, Maciej Zalewski, Giuseppe Arduino, Luis Chicharo","doi":"10.1038/s44221-025-00395-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-025-00395-x","url":null,"abstract":"Ecohydrology integrates hydrological and ecological knowledge to promote the use of water ecosystem properties as innovative management tools (nature-based solutions), aiding water management solutions and advancing the Sustainable Development Goals.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"3 4","pages":"360-363"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145123006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Albedo-driven hydroclimatic impacts of large-scale vegetation restoration should not be overlooked","authors":"Baoqing Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s44221-025-00422-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-025-00422-x","url":null,"abstract":"Vegetation restoration benefits ecosystems and climate resilience, yet it requires better integration of albedo effects, scale-dependent interdisciplinary investigations, and cross-sectoral collaboration to optimize its hydroclimatic and policy outcomes.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"3 4","pages":"358-359"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145123000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enrico Drioli (1941–2024)","authors":"Lidietta Giorno","doi":"10.1038/s44221-025-00412-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-025-00412-z","url":null,"abstract":"Enrico Drioli was an extraordinary visionary, tireless researcher, pioneer in membrane engineering, ambassador for membranes worldwide, and true gentleman.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"3 4","pages":"367-368"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145123007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Author Correction: The global economy runs on water, not capital","authors":"Musonda Mumba, Henk Ovink, Johan Rockström","doi":"10.1038/s44221-025-00439-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-025-00439-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"3 4","pages":"507-507"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s44221-025-00439-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145123003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hospitalization risks associated with floods in a multi-country study","authors":"Zhengyu Yang, Wenzhong Huang, Joanne E. McKenzie, Rongbin Xu, Pei Yu, Yao Wu, Yanming Liu, Bo Wen, Yiwen Zhang, Wenhua Yu, Tingting Ye, Yuxi Zhang, Ke Ju, Simon Hales, Micheline de Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coelho, Patricia Matus, Kraichat Tantrakarnapa, Yue Leon Guo, Wissanupong Kliengchuay, Eric Lavigne, Dung Phung, Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva, Yuming Guo, Shanshan Li","doi":"10.1038/s44221-025-00425-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-025-00425-8","url":null,"abstract":"Floods of unprecedented intensity and frequency have been observed. However, evidence regarding the impacts of floods on hospitalization remains limited. Here we collected daily hospitalization counts during 2000–2019 from 747 communities in Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, New Zealand, Taiwan, Thailand and Vietnam. For each community, flooded days were defined as days from the start dates to the end dates of flood events. Lag–response associations between flooded day and daily hospitalization risks were estimated for each community using a quasi-Poisson regression model with a distributed lag nonlinear function. The community-specific estimates were then pooled using a random-effects meta-analysis. Based on the pooled estimates, attributable fractions of hospitalizations due to floods were calculated. We found that hospitalization risks increased and persisted for up to 210 days after flood exposure, with the overall relative risks being 1.26 (95% confidence interval 1.15–1.38) for all causes, 1.35 (1.21–1.50) for cardiovascular diseases, 1.30 (1.13–1.49) for respiratory diseases, 1.26 (1.10–1.44) for infectious diseases, 1.30 (1.17–1.45) for digestive diseases, 1.11 (0.98–1.25) for mental disorders, 1.61 (1.39–1.86) for diabetes, 1.35 (1.21–1.50) for injury, 1.34 (1.21–1.48) for cancer, 1.34 (1.20–1.50) for nervous system disorders and 1.40 (1.22–1.60) for renal diseases. The associations were modified by climate types, flood severity, age, population density and socioeconomic status. Flood exposure contributed to hospitalizations by up to 0.27% from all causes. This study revealed that flood exposure was associated with increased all-cause and ten cause-specific hospitalization risks within up to 210 days after exposure. Using 300 million hospital records from eight countries and territories, this study found that exposure to floods was associated with increased risks of hospitalizations for all causes considered: cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, infectious diseases, digestive diseases, mental disorders, diabetes, injury, cancer, nervous system disorders and renal diseases.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"3 5","pages":"561-570"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12098117/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144144791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracking grid-level freshwater boundary exceedance along global supply chains from consumption to impact","authors":"Siyu Hou, Jingwen Huo, Xu Zhao, Xiaoxi Wang, Xinxin Zhang, Dandan Zhao, Martin R. Tillotson, Yuli Shan, Martina Flörke, Wei Guo, Jing Meng, Klaus Hubacek","doi":"10.1038/s44221-025-00420-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-025-00420-z","url":null,"abstract":"Consumption behaviours exert pressure on water resources both locally and globally through interconnected supply chains, hindering the achievement of Sustainable Development Goals 6 (Clean water and sanitation) and 12 (Responsible consumption and production). However, it is challenging to link hotspots of water depletion across spatial scales to final consumption while reflecting intersectoral competition for water. In this study, we estimated the global exceedance of regional freshwater boundaries (RFBs) due to human water withdrawal at a 5-arcmin grid scale using 2015 data, enabling the identification of hotspots across different spatial scales. To reduce uncertainty, we used average estimates from 15 global hydrological models and 5 environmental flow requirement methods. We further attributed the hotspots of exceedance to final consumption across 245 economies and 134 sectors via the multi-region input–output model EMERGING. Our refined framework revealed previously unknown connections between regional hotspots and consumption through international trade. Notably, we found that 24% of grid-level RFB exceedance (718 km3 yr−1; 95% confidence interval of 659–776 km3 yr−1) was outsourced through trade, with the largest flows (52 km3 yr−1; 95% confidence interval of 47–56 km3 yr−1) from water-stressed South and Central Asia to arid West Asia. The demand for cereals and other agricultural products dominated global consumption-based RFB exceedance (29%), while the exports of textiles and machinery and equipment exacerbated territorial exceedance in manufacturing hubs within emerging economies. Our methodology facilitates the tracing of global hotspots of water scarcity along supply chains and the assignment of responsibilities at finer scales. Global consumption drives freshwater overuse at production sites along supply chains, of which 24% is outsourced via trade. Agricultural demand is a key driver, while manufacturing exports exacerbate water stress in emerging economies.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"3 4","pages":"439-448"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s44221-025-00420-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145123008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable polyester thin films for membrane desalination developed through interfacial catalytic polymerization","authors":"Ying Liu, Wangxi Fang, Zenghao Yue, Yunfeng Wang, Yuzhang Zhu, Jian Jin, Lei Jiang","doi":"10.1038/s44221-025-00419-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-025-00419-6","url":null,"abstract":"Reverse osmosis membranes are essential in wastewater treatment, water reuse and desalination, but conventional polyamide reverse osmosis membranes rely on toxic amine monomers such as m-phenylenediamine, posing notable health risks. Here we show that an interfacial catalytic polymerization strategy enables the development of sustainable polyester thin films for membrane desalination. This approach improves reaction kinetics and polymerization control, facilitating the efficient polymerization of nature-derived phenol and alcohol compounds as non-toxic, cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternatives to m-phenylenediamine. The interfacial catalyst enhances both monomer diffusion and polymerization, overcoming the limited reactivity of nature-derived monomers to produce homogeneous, dense polyester thin films. The resulting membranes exhibit excellent desalination performance (NaCl rejection 99.2%; flux 31.7 l m−2 h−1 at 15 bar), comparable to commercial BW30 membranes at both coupon and spiral-wound module scales, demonstrating their potential for practical membrane desalination. This work paves the way for further development of sustainable, nature-derived membrane materials for desalination technologies. An interfacial catalytic polymerization strategy is able to turn nature-derived compounds into high-quality membranes for reverse osmosis, challenging traditional approaches for membrane production that use toxic amine-based monomers.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"3 4","pages":"430-438"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145122995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}