Nature waterPub Date : 2026-06-09DOI: 10.1038/s44221-026-00661-6
Jintong Gao, Lenan Zhang
{"title":"Litres of clean water captured from air","authors":"Jintong Gao, Lenan Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s44221-026-00661-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-026-00661-6","url":null,"abstract":"Atmospheric water harvesting helps unlock clean water access wherever it is needed but practical deployment remains limited by low water productivity. A modular, field-portable, and solar-powered platform now brings litre-scale water production across diverse environments.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"4 6","pages":"697-698"},"PeriodicalIF":30.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148292558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nature waterPub Date : 2026-06-08DOI: 10.1038/s44221-026-00663-4
Pooja Lakhey, April Hayes, Aimee K. Murray, Jinglong Li, Kevin V. Thomas, William H. Gaze, Jake W. O’Brien
{"title":"Antibiotic transformation products exert selective pressure for antimicrobial resistance comparable to parent compounds","authors":"Pooja Lakhey, April Hayes, Aimee K. Murray, Jinglong Li, Kevin V. Thomas, William H. Gaze, Jake W. O’Brien","doi":"10.1038/s44221-026-00663-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-026-00663-4","url":null,"abstract":"Antibiotic transformation products (TPs) are frequently detected in wastewater and aquatic environments, yet their role in selecting for antimicrobial resistance (AMR) remains largely unexplored. Despite environmental persistence, mobility and potential residual bioactivity, TPs are routinely excluded from environmental risk assessment and AMR surveillance frameworks. Here we systematically assess the resistance-selecting potential of antibiotic TPs relative to their parent compounds, using complex wastewater-derived microbial communities. A growth-based assay revealed that several TPs had lowest observed effect concentrations only twofold higher than their parents, with moxifloxacin sulfate and descladinose roxithromycin even exhibiting stronger growth inhibition compared with their respective parent antibiotics. Seven-day evolution experiments showed that TPs such as desmethyl ofloxacin, N-acetyl sulfamethoxazole and desmethyl erythromycin enriched the class 1 integron gene intI1 at levels comparable to or exceeding those of their parent antibiotics, across fluoroquinolone, sulfonamide and macrolide–lincosamide–streptogramin classes. These findings show that TPs constitute a substantial, overlooked component of total selective pressure in wastewater systems and should be incorporated into AMR surveillance, treatment evaluation and environmental risk assessment frameworks. Antibiotic transformation products (TPs) are common in aquatic environments but are largely ignored in antimicrobial resistance risk assessments. This study demonstrates that many TPs select for resistance at levels comparable to or exceeding those of their parent antibiotics across multiple drug classes.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"4 7","pages":"871-881"},"PeriodicalIF":30.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148519474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nature waterPub Date : 2026-06-08DOI: 10.1038/s44221-026-00655-4
Min Jae Park, Dong-Min Lee, Zheng-Yang Huo, Sungjin Cho, Fengyi Pang, Sung Soo Kwak, Young-Jun Kim, Chris R. Bowen, Ming Xie, Sang-Woo Kim
{"title":"Self-powered floating capsule for decentralized water detection and disinfection","authors":"Min Jae Park, Dong-Min Lee, Zheng-Yang Huo, Sungjin Cho, Fengyi Pang, Sung Soo Kwak, Young-Jun Kim, Chris R. Bowen, Ming Xie, Sang-Woo Kim","doi":"10.1038/s44221-026-00655-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-026-00655-4","url":null,"abstract":"A portable device capable of detecting and disinfecting water without power supplies or chemical additives can provide reliable and equitable access to safe drinking water. Here we develop an all-in-one floating capsule, requiring no external power or chemicals, which monitors chemical pollutants by detecting total dissolved solids (TDS) as surrogates and can disinfect microorganisms, guided by the measured TDS. The capsule converts manual shaking to electrical power for TDS detection and Bluetooth transmission through electromagnetic induction. When TDS levels indicate an acceptable level of chemical safety, the capsule autonomously initiates disinfection. Propelled by gentle movement, the capsule’s dielectric outer shell generates electrostatic charges at the water–dielectric interface. These charges accumulate at the nanorod tips to create intense local electric fields, facilitating disinfection by electroporation. The cost-effective capsule (6.0-log removal) in containers over 120 cycles, demonstrating a scalable and energy-independent approach for decentralized water safety monitoring and treatment. This study demonstrates a low-cost, self-powered capsule that integrates sensing and disinfection, achieving rapid water quality assessment and microbial removal without external power or chemicals.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"4 7","pages":"895-904"},"PeriodicalIF":30.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148519492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nature waterPub Date : 2026-06-04DOI: 10.1038/s44221-026-00654-5
Guangchao Si, Li Zhang, Jingfeng Gao, Jiachun Yang, Yongzhen Peng
{"title":"Cold shock protein-mediated proteostasis in low-crystallinity COF–anammox biohybrids enables extreme-low-temperature nitrogen removal","authors":"Guangchao Si, Li Zhang, Jingfeng Gao, Jiachun Yang, Yongzhen Peng","doi":"10.1038/s44221-026-00654-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-026-00654-5","url":null,"abstract":"Low temperature is a key bottleneck for anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox), mainly because ATP limitation weakens cold shock protein (Csp)-mediated maintenance of proper mRNA structure, thereby impairing protein synthesis in anammox bacteria (AnAOB). Here we propose a low-crystallinity covalent organic framework (LC-COF)-based photoelectron injection strategy that restores protein synthesis in AnAOB by enhancing intracellular ATP generation. Following self-assembly, LC-COF-derived photoelectrons enter AnAOB cells and increase ATP production 1.9-fold, relieving DNA structural repression of Csp transcription and enhancing specific CspB expression 1.5-fold. Furthermore, CspB maintains proteostasis in AnAOB under low-temperature conditions by restoring mRNA translatability, promoting ribosomal subunit-related proteins, and acting in concert with folding factors such as DnaK and GroEL. Accordingly, the anammox system maintains excellent performance at 4 °C, achieving a total nitrogen removal efficiency of 87.2% and a nitrogen loading rate of 1.66 kg m−3 d−1. Coupling photoelectron injection with Csp regulation extends anammox to wastewater treatment in cold regions. Low temperature limits anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) activity. Now a low-crystallinity covalent organic framework-based photoelectron injection strategy restores intracellular ATP and cold shock protein-mediated mRNA stability, enabling efficient anammox activity at 4 °C.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"4 7","pages":"882-894"},"PeriodicalIF":30.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148519496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nature waterPub Date : 2026-06-02DOI: 10.1038/s44221-026-00647-4
Esther E. Greenwood, Mathilda Freymond, Andreas Scheidegger, Thomas Lauber, Kamshat Tussupova, Amy J. Pickering, Timothy R. Julian
{"title":"Safely managed drinking water service use and child diarrhoea based on evidence from 24 countries","authors":"Esther E. Greenwood, Mathilda Freymond, Andreas Scheidegger, Thomas Lauber, Kamshat Tussupova, Amy J. Pickering, Timothy R. Julian","doi":"10.1038/s44221-026-00647-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-026-00647-4","url":null,"abstract":"Universal access to safe drinking water is called for under Sustainable Development Target 6.1 (SDG 6.1). Yet quantitative evidence on disease reductions associated with achieving SDG 6.1 and the service dimensions that most effectively reduce diarrhoeal diseases remains limited and inconsistent. Here, using multiple indicator cluster survey data from 24 low- and middle-income countries, we show that household use of safely managed drinking water services (SMDWS) reduces diarrhoea risks in children under 5 years old compared with use of services not fulfilling all of the SMDWS criteria. Drinking water availability when needed and absence of faecal contamination at the point of use showed consistent protective associations with child diarrhoea. We observed less evidence of the protective effect of an improved drinking water source, access on premises and absence of faecal contamination at the point of collection. Our findings reaffirm the importance of SMDWS in protecting against child diarrhoea, while highlighting uncertainties in estimates of the magnitude of the disease burden, which could be prevented by achieving SDG 6.1. Safe drinking water is vital for reducing childhood diarrhoea, but evidence on which service elements matter most has been unclear. Data from 24 low- and middle-income countries show that safely managed drinking water reduces child diarrhoea risk, with water availability and absence of faecal contamination at point of use providing the strongest protection.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"4 6","pages":"764-775"},"PeriodicalIF":30.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148292559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nature waterPub Date : 2026-06-01DOI: 10.1038/s44221-026-00656-3
Jesse D. Gourevitch, Adam C. Gold, Helena M. Garcia
{"title":"The economic value of wetlands in reducing riverine flood losses in the USA","authors":"Jesse D. Gourevitch, Adam C. Gold, Helena M. Garcia","doi":"10.1038/s44221-026-00656-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-026-00656-3","url":null,"abstract":"Wetland conservation is a potentially effective but undervalued strategy in managing growing flood risk under climate change. Here we address this challenge by quantifying the effects of wetlands in reducing riverine flood losses across the USA using flood insurance claims data and annually observed changes in wetland area between 1985 and 2023. We find that claim amounts for individual properties increase by 0.01–0.03% per hectare of upstream wetland loss. Based on these effects, we estimate that wetland loss since 1985 has increased flood insurance claims by a total of US$10.1 billion or 9.0%. We also calculate the marginal value of wetlands in reducing riverine flood losses for each subwatershed in the USA. In 16% of subwatersheds, the marginal benefits of flood mitigation outweigh the marginal costs of land conservation. Policymakers can use this information for conducting regulatory impact assessments, designing land-use policies and pricing flood insurance. Wetland conservation is an undervalued strategy for managing flood risk exacerbated by climate change. This study quantifies the impact of wetland loss on flood insurance claims across the USA, revealing a US$10.1 billion increase in claims since 1985. The analysis also highlights regions where conservation benefits outweigh costs, informing land-use policy and insurance pricing.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"4 7","pages":"857-870"},"PeriodicalIF":30.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148519489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nature waterPub Date : 2026-06-01DOI: 10.1038/s44221-026-00667-0
Zhiyong Zhang, Tengxin Cao, Ruimin Chen, Boyang Zhang, Jinyu Zhao, Xu Wang, Ming Su, Min Yang, Chuncheng Chen, Hua Sheng, Jincai Zhao
{"title":"Engineering dynamic heterogeneous–homogeneous hybrid interfaces for solar-driven in situ water remediation","authors":"Zhiyong Zhang, Tengxin Cao, Ruimin Chen, Boyang Zhang, Jinyu Zhao, Xu Wang, Ming Su, Min Yang, Chuncheng Chen, Hua Sheng, Jincai Zhao","doi":"10.1038/s44221-026-00667-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-026-00667-0","url":null,"abstract":"For in situ remediation of surface waters, where contaminant sources and distributions are highly heterogeneous, developing an approach that combines broad-spectrum oxidative capacity with selective removal of trace yet high-risk pollutants remains a central challenge. Here we report a light-responsive Cu-anchoring strategy on a UiO-66-NH2 metal–organic framework that establishes a dynamic heterogeneous–homogeneous photocatalytic platform. Upon illumination, photolabile Cu sites release mobile Cu+ species that function as long-lived reductive mediators, dramatically promoting multi-electron O2 activation and boosting •OH generation by nearly two orders of magnitude. The regenerated Cu2+ concurrently imparts molecular selectivity, enabling efficient antibiotic degradation and robust disinfection even in organic-rich natural waters. Embedding this catalyst into a buoyant membrane further enhances deployment flexibility and environmental adaptability. In an amplified 28-day outdoor evaluation treating real lake water, the membrane achieved high contaminant degradation efficiency while sustainably suppressing microbial and pollutant rebound, underscoring its long-term operational robustness in natural aquatic systems. This study introduces a sunlight-activated copper-based catalyst that can rapidly break down a wide range of pollutants and microorganisms, offering a durable, practical way to clean contaminated lakes and other natural waters.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"4 7","pages":"917-928"},"PeriodicalIF":30.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148519488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nature waterPub Date : 2026-05-28DOI: 10.1038/s44221-026-00657-2
Günter Blöschl
{"title":"Five principles for hydrology in the era of managed waters","authors":"Günter Blöschl","doi":"10.1038/s44221-026-00657-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-026-00657-2","url":null,"abstract":"The future of hydrology lies in learning from patterns to understand processes across scales.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"4 6","pages":"684-685"},"PeriodicalIF":30.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148292565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nature waterPub Date : 2026-05-22DOI: 10.1038/s44221-026-00659-0
{"title":"Rethinking antimicrobial resistance risk assessment","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s44221-026-00659-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44221-026-00659-0","url":null,"abstract":"Antimicrobial resistance in the environment cannot be understood by genes or antibiotics alone. A system-level perspective integrating ecological, hydrological, and functional processes is needed to capture how resistance emerges and spreads.","PeriodicalId":74252,"journal":{"name":"Nature water","volume":"4 5","pages":"543-543"},"PeriodicalIF":24.1,"publicationDate":"2026-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s44221-026-00659-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148003756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}