Siliang Li, Xinyuan Zuo, Matthew D. Carpenter, Rafael Verduzco, Caroline M. Ajo-Franklin
{"title":"Microbial bioelectronic sensors for environmental monitoring","authors":"Siliang Li, Xinyuan Zuo, Matthew D. Carpenter, Rafael Verduzco, Caroline M. Ajo-Franklin","doi":"10.1038/s44222-024-00233-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44222-024-00233-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In a world confronting pollution across diverse environments, fast, sensitive and cost-efficient methods are required to monitor complex chemicals. In particular, microbial bioelectronic sensors can report on the presence of chemicals through electrical signals enabled by biological processes. For example, microbial bioelectronic sensors have been developed for the rapid detection of riverine toxins within minutes of contact, for selective sensing of redox-active pharmaceuticals, and for monitoring of pesticide degradation. However, transferring these laboratory-tested technologies into field-deployable products poses several challenges: sensor sensitivity, specificity, longevity and robustness need to be improved. In this Review, we discuss the design of field-deployable microbial bioelectronic sensors, including chassis selection, approaches for rewiring electron transfer, strategies to establish the cell–electrode interface and fabrication methods. Importantly, we outline key challenges and possible solutions for the application of such sensors in the real world.</p>","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142212973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cells as active crosslinkers in living materials","authors":"Sadra Bakhshandeh","doi":"10.1038/s44222-024-00244-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-024-00244-8","url":null,"abstract":"An article in Nature Materials reports a new method for generating macroscale living materials by using cells as active crosslinkers.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142170345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A biodegradable tent electrode","authors":"Caroline Beyer","doi":"10.1038/s44222-024-00243-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-024-00243-9","url":null,"abstract":"An article in Nature Electronics reports the development of a biodegradable, minimally invasive tent electrode for large-area cortex monitoring.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142170373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Michael Nguyen, Maria Karkanitsa, Karen L. Christman
{"title":"Design and translation of injectable biomaterials","authors":"Michael Nguyen, Maria Karkanitsa, Karen L. Christman","doi":"10.1038/s44222-024-00213-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-024-00213-1","url":null,"abstract":"Injectable biomaterials, including bulk materials and particulate materials, can be delivered in a minimally invasive way and may provide alternative treatment options for conditions that currently require surgical procedures. However, the design and translation of injectable biomaterials can be complex, as the injectability of a biomaterial is determined by its properties and injection conditions, which can change in the translation from the bench to the clinic. In this Review, we highlight parameters that affect the injectability of biomaterials, outlining design considerations for both injectable bulk and particle materials, and examining safety and testing considerations. We then discuss different delivery routes and applications of injectable biomaterials, including subcutaneous, nervous tissue, intraocular, intracardiac, intramuscular and intravascular injection, in addition to orthopaedic applications, highlighting clinically approved approaches and promising preclinical outcomes. Moreover, we survey applications of injectable biomaterials related to women’s health, and provide an outlook on the translational challenges and opportunities of injectable biomaterials. Biomaterials can be designed to be injectable in a minimally invasive manner for the treatment of various conditions. This Review outlines design considerations for injectable biomaterials for different delivery routes, highlighting preclinical and clinical applications of injectable biomaterials.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142212972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chao-Fan He, Tian-Hong Qiao, Guang-Hao Wang, Yuan Sun, Yong He
{"title":"High-resolution projection-based 3D bioprinting","authors":"Chao-Fan He, Tian-Hong Qiao, Guang-Hao Wang, Yuan Sun, Yong He","doi":"10.1038/s44222-024-00218-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44222-024-00218-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Projection-based 3D printing is a vat polymerization printing method that works by generating bitmaps as dynamic masks to project onto a photosensitive material surface for layer-by-layer curing. Projection-based 3D printing has the highest resolution/time for manufacturing ratio among all 3D printing technologies; however, projection-based 3D bioprinting, which uses bioinks as printing materials that contain cells and/or biomolecules, suffers from low printing resolution, with a substantial gap between the theoretical and the actual resolution. In this Review, we summarize the steps and challenges to achieve high-resolution projection-based 3D bioprinting and provide pragmatic optimization strategies for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142226979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kiyan Shabestary, Steffen Klamt, Hannes Link, Radhakrishnan Mahadevan, Ralf Steuer, Elton P. Hudson
{"title":"Design of microbial catalysts for two-stage processes","authors":"Kiyan Shabestary, Steffen Klamt, Hannes Link, Radhakrishnan Mahadevan, Ralf Steuer, Elton P. Hudson","doi":"10.1038/s44222-024-00225-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44222-024-00225-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Microbial catalysts must partition incoming substrate between the synthesis of biomass and the synthesis of a desired product. Although biomass synthesis generates more catalyst and therefore potentially higher volumetric productivities, the synthesis of product increases specific production rates and product yields. Two-stage bioprocesses can accommodate this tradeoff through temporal separation of the growth and production phases. The biocatalyst first grows to optimal density; it is then switched to a growth-arrested state during which the product is synthesized. However, a substantial reduction in metabolic activity is often observed during cellular growth arrest, even in the presence of sufficient substrate. An ultimate bioengineering goal, therefore, is to create growth-arrested states that retain high metabolic activity. Achieving this goal brings the metabolic engineer to the intersection of microbial physiology, synthetic biology and biochemistry. In this Review, we describe various aspects of the design of microbial catalysts for two-stage bioprocesses for metabolite production, including synthetic biology tools to arrest cell growth using external or internal cues, and metabolic engineering tools to minimize interference from the native metabolic network and enhance substrate uptake and conversion. We highlight recent systems biology studies of nutrient-limited heterotrophs and phototrophs and conclude that the reduction in substrate uptake by cells in growth arrest is the consequence of reduced energy demand as well as imbalances in regulatory metabolites that typically arise during nutrient limitation. On the basis of these studies, we propose strategies for increasing metabolic activity in growth-arrested cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142212974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mahmoud Medany, S. Karthik Mukkavilli, Daniel Ahmed
{"title":"AI-driven autonomous microrobots for targeted medicine","authors":"Mahmoud Medany, S. Karthik Mukkavilli, Daniel Ahmed","doi":"10.1038/s44222-024-00232-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-024-00232-y","url":null,"abstract":"Navigating medical microrobots through intricate vascular pathways is challenging. AI-driven microrobots that leverage reinforcement learning and generative algorithms could navigate the body’s complex vascular network to deliver precise dosages of medication directly to targeted lesions.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142212976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reality check for brain–machine interfaces","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s44222-024-00230-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-024-00230-0","url":null,"abstract":"Brain–machine interfaces (BMIs) have the potential to restore functions in people with neurological disorders, but they face challenges in development, ethics and implementation. As the field progresses and approaches clinical translation, addressing issues of hype, patient access, user-centred design and long-term support will be essential to ensure responsible innovation and adoption of BMIs.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44222-024-00230-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141973734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Volumetric compression for engineering living systems","authors":"Yiwei Li, Ming Guo","doi":"10.1038/s44222-024-00226-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44222-024-00226-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Life, as a dense manifestation of soft matter, undergoes changes in water content, biomacromolecular concentrations, condensation and crowding due to volumetric compression. These molecular-level alterations in turn influence cell fate and function by modulating the kinetics and equilibria of biochemical reactions. Volumetric compression is a pervasive phenomenon in the human body, which manifests itself during development, limb movement, digestion, tumorigenesis and injury. Despite its ubiquity, it remains an underappreciated process compared with other biochemical and mechanical pathways. Nevertheless, the widespread effects of volumetric compression span across tissues, species and even kingdoms, which can be leveraged for regenerative, synthetic biology, biosensing and immunotherapeutic applications, among others. This Review provides an in-depth discussion of emerging engineering methods centred on volumetric compression, including foundational rationales, design principles and illustrative applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142212985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Oral delivery of therapeutic peptides by milk-derived extracellular vesicles","authors":"Spencer R. Marsh, Robert G. Gourdie","doi":"10.1038/s44222-024-00227-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-024-00227-9","url":null,"abstract":"The oral delivery of difficult-to-drug molecules, such as peptides, can be achieved using milk-derived extracellular vesicles. The Tiny Cargo Company has established a workflow for the large-scale production of extracellular vesicles from milk for the development of XoLacta — an oral therapy that mitigates the side effects of radiation therapy.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141868474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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