Nature reviews bioengineering最新文献

{"title":"Author Correction: Organoids as platforms for infectious disease research","authors":"Kuan Liu, Yilan Zhao, Erika M. Joloya, Benedetta Artegiani, Sina Bartfeld, Young Ki Choi, Yuling Han, Delilah Hendriks, Martin J. Hoogduijn, James E. Hudson, Luc J. W. van der Laan, Cun Li, Valeria V. Orlova, Jianhua Qin, Karine Raymond, Lisa E. Wagar, Jie Zhou, Mart M. Lamers, Qiuwei Pan","doi":"10.1038/s44222-026-00478-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-026-00478-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"4 8","pages":"804-804"},"PeriodicalIF":42.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s44222-026-00478-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148704526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Soft robotic phantoms for ethical and multimodal surgical simulation","authors":"Lorenzo Migliorini, Neri Niccolò Dei, Arianna Menciassi, Paolo Milani","doi":"10.1038/s44222-026-00474-y","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-026-00474-y","url":null,"abstract":"Surgical phantoms are artificial models of human tissues used for training, preoperative planning and device testing. Soft robotics is transforming these systems from passive anatomical replicas into dynamic, sensorized and multimodal systems, enabling more realistic surgical training and reducing reliance on animal models.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"4 9","pages":"813-814"},"PeriodicalIF":42.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148910051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computational approaches in bioprinting processes","authors":"Alessandro De Giorgi, Zhenwu Wang, Qing Li, Alessandro Polini, Francesca Gervaso, Yu Shrike Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s44222-026-00455-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-026-00455-1","url":null,"abstract":"Bioprinting technologies often require repeated experimental trials to optimize operational parameters and characterize bioprinted constructs. In this context, computational simulations have emerged as a powerful complementary tool, enabling them to analyse the bioprinting processes and address the distinct challenges associated with each technique. By predicting bioink behaviours, evaluating shear stress effects and enhancing printability, simulations can substantially streamline bioprinting workflows and provide insights that are difficult to obtain experimentally. This Review examines computational approaches for the three principal bioprinting strategies: extrusion-based, droplet-based and light-based methods. We begin with a concise overview of each technique, followed by a discussion of bioink rheology, an essential factor for accurate in silico modelling. We then outline the fundamental theoretical frameworks and primary computational methodologies used to simulate each process, along with the key challenges that remain. Next, we highlight major applications of computational simulations in bioprinting, including nozzle designs, printability assessments and photopolymerization predictions. We finally conclude by discussing emerging directions in which simulation-based approaches could further accelerate advances in the field. Computational simulations are emerging as powerful complements to bioprinting, enabling prediction of bioink behaviours, shear effects and printability across extrusion-based, droplet-based and light-based techniques. This Review outlines key modelling frameworks, rheological considerations, major applications and remaining challenges, highlighting how simulations can streamline workflows and guide future bioprinting advances.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"4 9","pages":"859-880"},"PeriodicalIF":42.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148681318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CRISPR-based ex vivo gene editing of donor organs","authors":"Santosh R. Rananaware, Karthik V. Narisetty, Rushi A. Shah, Piyush K. Jain","doi":"10.1038/s44222-026-00462-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-026-00462-2","url":null,"abstract":"Donor organs are frequently discarded because of concerns about quality or pathogen risk, challenges that could be mitigated through ex vivo gene editing or silencing during machine perfusion. Here, we discuss the development of CRISPR-based approaches for ex vivo gene silencing in human donor organs, from proof of concept in kidney biopsies to the challenges of organ-scale translation.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"4 8","pages":"710-712"},"PeriodicalIF":42.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148623073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antigen-presenting nanoparticles for in vivo CAR T cell engineering.","authors":"Fang-Yi Ida Su","doi":"10.1038/s44222-026-00467-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-026-00467-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In vivo cell engineering enables chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) production directly within the body. Most in vivo CAR approaches target broad T cell populations. However, antigen-presenting nanoparticles could be used to engineer specific T cell subsets, leveraging the phenotypic and functional properties of the cells for T cell therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":42.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13505346/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148820622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decentralized molecular diagnostics for viral diseases","authors":"Jon Arizti-Sanz,&nbsp;Pardis C. Sabeti","doi":"10.1038/s44222-026-00456-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-026-00456-0","url":null,"abstract":"Viral diseases remain a persistent global health threat, causing millions of deaths annually, with disproportionate impacts on populations in low- and middle-income countries and marginalized communities. Molecular diagnostics offer high accuracy for viral detection; however, their use remains largely confined to centralized laboratories, creating gaps in disease surveillance, clinical management and outbreak response. In this Review, we assess the current landscape of viral diagnostics, revealing disparities in test availability across viruses and inequities in global access, and emphasizing the need for decentralized, context-appropriate diagnostic solutions capable of supporting viral detection across diverse healthcare settings. We describe key performance criteria to assess diagnostics for use in decentralized settings, examining five molecular diagnostic platforms, including polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based technologies, isothermal amplification, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-based diagnostics, synthetic biology approaches and portable sequencing. Finally, we outline key considerations for the translation of molecular diagnostic tests, including context-adapted design, strategies to address viral diversity and evolution, rigorous test validation, simplified sample processing, and integrated result interpretation and connectivity. Viral diseases continue to impose a major global health burden, yet substantial inequities in access to accurate molecular diagnostics persist, limiting effective surveillance and response. This Review highlights disparities in diagnostic availability, evaluates key molecular diagnostic technologies suited for decentralized settings, and outlines essential factors for translating molecular tests into diverse real-world contexts.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"4 9","pages":"840-858"},"PeriodicalIF":42.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s44222-026-00456-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148910048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating experimental and computational approaches for protein–protein interaction discovery","authors":"Anastasia Rapti,&nbsp;Bert J. C. Janssen,&nbsp;Alexandre M. J. J. Bonvin","doi":"10.1038/s44222-026-00464-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-026-00464-0","url":null,"abstract":"Proteins are involved in most cellular functions, typically acting as part of complexes or through dynamic interactions with other proteins and/or molecules. Understanding these interactions is therefore essential for uncovering cellular mechanisms and guiding therapeutic development. However, many interactions are transient, weak or context-dependent, making them difficult to detect. In this Review, we discuss how experimental approaches, including affinity-based methods, genetic reporter systems, proximity labelling and crosslinking, can be combined with computational tools, such as network and homology-based methods, co-evolutionary analysis, machine learning-based methods, and deep learning approaches, to map and predict protein–protein interactions. We highlight the strengths and limitations of each approach and argue that integrating experimental data with computational tools offers a promising path to comprehensive interactome mapping. Protein–protein interactions organize cellular processes and are essential for understanding disease and enabling drug discovery. This Review examines how a combination of experimental techniques and computational approaches can be used to map and predict protein–protein interactions, highlighting how integrative strategies are key to achieving comprehensive and reliable interactome maps.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"4 9","pages":"921-936"},"PeriodicalIF":42.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148910050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Menstrual blood for health and disease monitoring","authors":"Inge K. Herrmann,&nbsp;Lucas Dosnon,&nbsp;Gregor Fuhrmann","doi":"10.1038/s44222-026-00465-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-026-00465-z","url":null,"abstract":"Menstrual blood is one of the most information-rich biofluids humans produce. Devices to analyse menstrual blood can enable non-invasive, longitudinal monitoring of reproductive, inflammatory, metabolic and oncological conditions.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"4 7","pages":"582-583"},"PeriodicalIF":42.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148434183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pregnancy-associated organs-on-chips","authors":"Luis Pérez Dávalos,&nbsp;Sarah McColman,&nbsp;Mahmoud Abdelkarim,&nbsp;Byeong-Ui Moon,&nbsp;Lidija Malic,&nbsp;Teodor Veres,&nbsp;Milica Radisic,&nbsp;Hagar I. Labouta","doi":"10.1038/s44222-026-00459-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-026-00459-x","url":null,"abstract":"Pregnancy involves constant structural and functional remodelling of maternal and fetal tissues, driven by dynamic interactions between cells, extracellular matrix and tightly regulated biochemical and mechanical cues. These microenvironmental changes, such as cell differentiation, tissue remodelling and perfusion, are essential for fetal development and healthy pregnancy outcomes. However, the physiological complexity and temporal changes of such dynamic gestational events are difficult to reproduce in conventional in vitro models, limiting their physiological relevance for studying pregnancy-related disorders and testing potential therapies. Pregnancy-associated organs-on-chips (PAOOCs) are microphysiological systems that recreate key features of gestational tissues to enable investigations of the underlying mechanisms, progression and treatment of pregnancy-related conditions. These models integrate relevant cell types within engineered extracellular matrices and controlled perfusion to reproduce tissue–tissue interfaces, biochemical gradients and mechanical cues; for example, to model the placental barrier, fetal membrane and transport of drugs and xenobiotics between maternal and fetal systems. However, improving physiological fidelity introduces trade-offs in device complexity, feasibility, scalability and reproducibility. In this Review, we analyse PAOOC technologies, focusing on design parameters that enhance their fidelity to model pregnancy physiology and pathology. We discuss how microenvironmental changes during gestation inform device engineering and provide an application-driven perspective linking biology with design, reproducibility and scalability considerations. By discussing challenges and opportunities of PAOOC design, this Review highlights their potential as platforms for elucidating the mechanisms of gestational diseases, assessing drug efficacy and safety during pregnancy, and advancing reproductive bioengineering for maternal and fetal health. Pregnancy-associated organs-on-chips (PAOOCs) are microphysiological systems that model gestational tissues to unveil the mechanisms of obstetric conditions and evaluate drug safety and efficacy during pregnancy in vitro. In this Review, we discuss the biological and mechanical components of PAOOCs and propose design recommendations to improve their physiological fidelity, reproducibility and accessibility.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"4 8","pages":"733-755"},"PeriodicalIF":42.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148704530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Truly sustainable cellulose","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s44222-026-00463-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-026-00463-1","url":null,"abstract":"Cellulose-based materials are often presented as intrinsically sustainable, but sourcing, processing and molecular engineering processes can undermine that promise if not scrutinized and carefully managed.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"4 6","pages":"475-475"},"PeriodicalIF":42.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.comhttps://www.nature.com/articles/s44222-026-00463-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148262029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}