Xin Guan (, ), Guohui Ji (, ), Guocheng Du (, ), Jian Chen (, ), Jingwen Zhou (, )
{"title":"Microbial cell factories for cost-effective and high-quality cultured meat","authors":"Xin Guan \u0000 (, ), Guohui Ji \u0000 (, ), Guocheng Du \u0000 (, ), Jian Chen \u0000 (, ), Jingwen Zhou \u0000 (, )","doi":"10.1038/s44222-024-00258-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-024-00258-2","url":null,"abstract":"Commercializing cultured meat requires cost reduction and quality improvement. Microbial cell factories can produce cost-effective and high-quality raw materials for cultured meat production.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"3 1","pages":"7-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142976687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abhishek P. Dhand, Matthew D. Davidson, Jason A. Burdick
{"title":"Lithography-based 3D printing of hydrogels","authors":"Abhishek P. Dhand, Matthew D. Davidson, Jason A. Burdick","doi":"10.1038/s44222-024-00251-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-024-00251-9","url":null,"abstract":"Additive manufacturing is an engineering tool that enables the creation of complex structures for biomedical use, such as 3D scaffolds for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, as well as in vitro disease models for drug testing. In particular, lithography-based techniques such as digital light processing and volumetric additive manufacturing have enabled advances in the 3D processing of photoreactive resins into structured hydrogels. In this Review, we introduce light-based lithographic 3D printing methods to process hydrogels and provide a guide to lithography-based printing, from bioresin selection to the optimization of print parameters. Moreover, we highlight examples of in vitro and in vivo biomedical applications of hydrogels, for which lithography-based approaches have been leveraged, and discuss efforts to process hydrogels into heterogeneous structures with multi-scale organization. Finally, we provide a perspective on the challenges and opportunities in this field. Lithography-based 3D printing has emerged as a valuable tool with which to develop hydrogels for biomedical applications. This Review discusses lithography-based 3D printing techniques, offers guidance for resin formulation and provides a step-by-step manual for printing hydrogels intended for clinical applications.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"3 2","pages":"108-125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44222-024-00251-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143397412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bin Long, Fuzhong Zhang, Susie Y. Dai, Marcus Foston, Yinjie J. Tang, Joshua S. Yuan
{"title":"Engineering strategies to optimize lignocellulosic biorefineries","authors":"Bin Long, Fuzhong Zhang, Susie Y. Dai, Marcus Foston, Yinjie J. Tang, Joshua S. Yuan","doi":"10.1038/s44222-024-00247-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-024-00247-5","url":null,"abstract":"Lignocellulosic biorefineries may be applied to produce value-added products, such as chemicals, biofuels and bioplastics, from biomass, thereby reducing carbon emissions compared with fossil fuel-based products. However, efficient biomass valorization remains challenging owing to limitations in yields and economic viability. In this Review, we discuss engineering strategies to improve lignocellulosic biomass-based production, including approaches to optimize biomass deconstruction, substrate utilization, productivity, strain robustness and fermentation stability. We further highlight the importance of systems and synthetic biology tools, artificial intelligence, and automation in the design and scale-up of lignocellulosic biorefineries, emphasizing the integration of techno-economic analysis and life-cycle assessment. These tools may assist in investigating microbial metabolism, accelerating microbial metabolic engineering, enhancing substrate-to-product bioconversion, and optimizing the economics and environmental impact of biorefineries. Biomass, such as lignocellulose, can be processed into value-added products and energy, offering a promising solution for carbon-neutral chemical and fuel production. This Review discusses engineering strategies, including systems and synthetic biology approaches, to optimize lignocellulose biorefineries.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"3 3","pages":"230-244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joshua A. Homer, Robert M. Johnson, Rebecca A. Koelln, Adam D. Moorhouse, John E. Moses
{"title":"Strategic re-engineering of antibiotics","authors":"Joshua A. Homer, Robert M. Johnson, Rebecca A. Koelln, Adam D. Moorhouse, John E. Moses","doi":"10.1038/s44222-024-00250-w","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-024-00250-w","url":null,"abstract":"Multidrug-resistant bacteria, especially those that defy even last-resort antibiotics, are causing a global health crisis fuelled by antibiotic overuse and misuse as well as the lack of development of new antibiotics. Multidrug-resistant bacteria compromise our ability to effectively treat infections, affecting medical procedures such as surgeries and cancer treatments while increasing illness duration, mortality rates and healthcare costs. In this Review, we discuss re-engineering approaches for existing antibiotics to address multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. We outline how antibiotic activity against drug-resistant bacteria can be increased through structural modifications and by engineering polyvalent drugs and combination therapies designed to overcome drug-resistance mechanisms. Finally, we examine the regulatory and translational challenges for antibiotic re-engineering, highlighting the need for antibiotic stewardship and global guidelines. The global rise of drug-resistant bacteria, including those resistant to last-resort antibiotics, poses an urgent health threat. This Review discusses antibiotic re-engineering strategies to increase the activity and improve the efficacy of existing antibiotics against multidrug-resistant infections.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"3 3","pages":"213-229"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143633142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Funding research on women’s health","authors":"","doi":"10.1038/s44222-024-00253-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-024-00253-7","url":null,"abstract":"Women’s health research has long been underfunded, in part owing to stigmas associated with conditions that primarily affect women. Equitable health research funding requires transparency from funding agencies, investment in women-centred innovations, support for women in science and a cultural shift in how health issues are viewed.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"2 10","pages":"797-798"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44222-024-00253-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142415432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Boris van Breugel, Tennison Liu, Dino Oglic, Mihaela van der Schaar
{"title":"Synthetic data in biomedicine via generative artificial intelligence","authors":"Boris van Breugel, Tennison Liu, Dino Oglic, Mihaela van der Schaar","doi":"10.1038/s44222-024-00245-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-024-00245-7","url":null,"abstract":"The creation and application of data in biomedicine and healthcare often face privacy constraints, bias, distributional shifts, underrepresentation of certain groups and data scarcity. Some of these challenges may be addressed by synthetic data, which can be generated by deep generative models. In this Review, we highlight how data-driven synthetic data can be created not only to overcome privacy concerns associated with real data, but also to expand and improve real data. In particular, generative-model-based data augmentation can address data scarcity; synthetic data can improve data fairness and reduce bias by accounting for underrepresented groups; and unseen scenarios may be simulated with synthetic data. We further examine how biomedically relevant data, such as molecular, imaging and tabular data, may be created by foundation models through query-specific generation. We outline the challenges associated with ownership, publication, sharing and access of synthetic data. Importantly, we discuss approaches that can be applied to measure the quality of data generated by deep generative models to improve trust in synthetic data and the results derived from such data. Synthetic data can be created by deep generative models to address challenges associated with real data, such as privacy issues, bias and data scarcity. This Review discusses the generation and application of synthetic data in biomedicine and bioengineering, including quality assessment and validation.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"2 12","pages":"991-1004"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142790496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bioengineering embryo models","authors":"Xufeng Xue, Yue Liu, Jianping Fu","doi":"10.1038/s44222-024-00241-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-024-00241-x","url":null,"abstract":"Stem cell-based embryo models, which recapitulate symmetry breaking, pattern formation and tissue morphogenesis during early development, provide promising experimental tools to study the development of mammalian species, including humans. Despite considerable progress in embryo modelling using cultured stem cells, generating embryo models with high fidelity, efficiency, controllability, and in vivo-like cellular organization and tissue architecture remains challenging. This is largely due to intrinsic variabilities in self-organization and differentiation of mammalian stem cells in uncontrolled culture environments. In this Review, we argue that bioengineering tools, which are powerful for controlling topological boundaries and dynamic chemical and mechanical signals, can efficiently guide symmetry breaking, pattern formation, tissue morphogenesis and tissue–tissue interactions. We discuss pattern formation and morphogenesis during embryonic development and examine different embryo models to highlight the importance of bioengineering strategies in developing models with improved efficiency, reproducibility, controllability, complexity and in vivo relevance. Stem cell-based embryo models can recapitulate developmental processes such as tissue patterning and morphogenetic events from pre-implantation to early organogenesis. This Review discusses how bioengineering approaches can be used to generate more efficient, controllable, reproducible and scalable embryo models.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"3 1","pages":"11-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142976674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Samantha G. Zambuto, Adrienne K. Scott, Michelle L. Oyen
{"title":"FDA Modernization Act 2.0 and reproductive research","authors":"Samantha G. Zambuto, Adrienne K. Scott, Michelle L. Oyen","doi":"10.1038/s44222-024-00252-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-024-00252-8","url":null,"abstract":"The FDA Modernization Act 2.0 allows bioengineered models in drug testing, including benchtop testing and computational models. These alternatives to animal testing may particularly advance drug discovery in reproductive and pregnancy research.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"2 12","pages":"984-986"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142790455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Donor kidney assessment by robotic optical coherence tomography","authors":"Sadra Bakhshandeh","doi":"10.1038/s44222-024-00254-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-024-00254-6","url":null,"abstract":"An article in Communications Engineering presents a robotic optical coherence tomography system that offers robust, flexible and automatic scanning of the surface of a full kidney for quality assessment prior to transplantation.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"2 10","pages":"808-808"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142415388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The role of bioengineering in building a bioeconomy","authors":"Tara Shirvani","doi":"10.1038/s44222-024-00237-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44222-024-00237-7","url":null,"abstract":"The establishment of a global bioeconomy will be driven by advances in synthetic biology, bioengineering tools and artificial intelligence. However, achieving a net-zero bioeconomy requires overcoming technological, regulatory and societal challenges to disrupt the current fossil-fuel-based model and place nature at the centre of decision-making.","PeriodicalId":74248,"journal":{"name":"Nature reviews bioengineering","volume":"2 11","pages":"908-910"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142599008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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