Ex vivo organ engineering using decellularized tissue scaffolds

IF 37.6
Tarek Saleh, Lorenzo Caciolli, Giovanni Giuseppe Giobbe, Paolo De Coppi
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Abstract

End-stage organ failure requires the transplantation of a new organ. However, the number of patients awaiting donor organs exceeds the number of available organs. To address this organ shortage, solid organs, such as the kidneys, liver, heart and lungs, can be engineered based on decellularized human and non-human tissues. These decellularized scaffolds can then be recellularized with autologous or allogeneic cells and modified to ensure engraftment and function following transplantation. In this Review, we discuss the creation of decellularized neo-solid organs, including animal donor considerations, pre-decellularization processes, decellularization protocols, post-decellularization characterization, sterilization and storage conditions. We highlight various cell seeding and modification strategies and examine bioreactor culture conditions to grow functional solid organs. Finally, we outline mechanisms of transplant-recipient crosstalk and discuss challenges and opportunities for the clinical translation of engineered solid organs. New organs can be engineered based on decellularized human and animal tissues to address the global shortage of donor organs. This Review discusses design principles for the engineering of new organs using decellularized animal-derived tissues, including decellularization, functionalization and characterization protocols.

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使用脱细胞组织支架的离体器官工程
终末期器官衰竭需要移植新的器官。然而,等待供体器官的患者数量超过了可用器官的数量。为了解决器官短缺的问题,实体器官,如肾脏、肝脏、心脏和肺,可以基于脱细胞的人类和非人类组织来设计。然后,这些去细胞化的支架可以用自体或异体细胞进行再细胞化,并进行修饰以确保移植后的植入和功能。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了脱细胞新实体器官的创建,包括动物供体的考虑,脱细胞前的过程,脱细胞方案,脱细胞后的表征,灭菌和储存条件。我们强调了各种细胞播种和修饰策略,并检查了生物反应器培养条件,以生长功能实体器官。最后,我们概述了移植受体串扰的机制,并讨论了工程实体器官临床翻译的挑战和机遇。新器官可以基于去细胞化的人类和动物组织来设计,以解决全球供体器官短缺的问题。本文讨论了利用动物源性组织脱细胞制备新器官的工程设计原则,包括脱细胞、功能化和表征方案。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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