Plasmonics最新文献

{"title":"Demonstration of Ultra-Tunable Terahertz Broadband Absorption using Graphene Based Metamaterial Absorber","authors":"Ahmed Ali,&nbsp;Asrafali Barkathulla,&nbsp;Xiaoguang Li","doi":"10.1007/s11468-026-03417-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11468-026-03417-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, a tunable broadband terahertz (THz) metamaterial absorber based on graphene is realized. The metasurface absorber employs a simple tri-layer configuration consisting of a metallic ground plane, a dielectric spacer, and a patterned graphene, offering a compact profile and reduced thickness compared to conventional designs. Simulation results demonstrate that the structure achieves a broad absorption bandwidth of 3.91–6.82 THz with absorptance exceeding 90% for both transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) polarizations under normal incidence. Within this range, the absorber exhibits ultra-high efficiency, with absorptance above 99% over a 1.38 THz band and above 95% across a 2.56 THz band. Electric field distributions confirm that the strong absorption originates from the coupled excitation of electric and magnetic resonances in the graphene layer, enhanced by Fabry–Perot cavity effects. The absorber further exhibits excellent polarization insensitivity and stable performance under oblique incidence due to its symmetric geometrical design. With its broad operating bandwidth, high absorption efficiency, and structural simplicity, the proposed absorber offers strong potential for applications in THz stealth, thermal imaging, and sensing technologies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":736,"journal":{"name":"Plasmonics","volume":"21 7","pages":"3203 - 3212"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11468-026-03417-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148878075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine Learning Assisted Analysis of Silver Nanorods Loaded Plasmonic Grating Based Sensor","authors":"Priyanka Sharma,&nbsp;Rukhsar Zafar","doi":"10.1007/s11468-026-03414-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11468-026-03414-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Machine learning (ML) has become a potent tool for quick prediction of complex photonic or plasmonic systems. The approach drastically reduces the computational complexity of the conventional numerical simulation methods. In this work, a silver nanorod-loaded plasmonic grating is proposed for refractive index sensing. Plasmonic grating is made of metal-insulator-metal (MIM) waveguide to support high-level confinement. A wide bandgap based transmission behaviour is observed for the plasmonic grating due to destructive interference effect. A resonant peak is excited in the bandgap region once a defect cavity is introduced in the grating. When this defect cavity is loaded with silver nanorods, pronounced resonance tuning is achieved due to enhanced near-field coupling between nanorods. The coupling between rods is controlled by tuning the gap between silver rods. This effect is further investigated to sense the change in refractive index of the defect medium. The proposed device exhibits high sensitivity together with a high figure of merit (FOM) of 118.3, demonstrating its excellent sensing performance. All the numerical data is used to train different ML models, and the best performing model is identified based on mean square error and R2 score. The nonlinear relations between input features and output transmission is best captured by XGBoost model with MSE = 0.000649 and R2 score = 0.9734. Furthermore, the trained model is utilized for transmission prediction and ML-assisted design optimization for different geometrical parameters, thereby facilitating rapid sensitivity estimation. The obtained sensitivity through ML prediction is in good agreement with the sensitivity obtained through simulation tools. Therefore, the proposed hybrid strategy that utilizes amalgam of plasmonic-based simulation and ML approach is a viable solution for integrated photonic applications and optical sensing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":736,"journal":{"name":"Plasmonics","volume":"21 7","pages":"3161 - 3171"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148878135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Sensitivity Surface Plasmon Resonance-Based D-Shape Photonic Crystal Fiber Temperature Sensor and Structural Simplification Scheme","authors":"Weiquan Su,&nbsp;Luyun Yang,&nbsp;Haihao Fu,&nbsp;Paul K. Chu","doi":"10.1007/s11468-026-03390-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11468-026-03390-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A surface plasmon resonance (SPR) based D-shaped photonic crystal fiber (DPCF) temperature sensor with a simplified structure is designed, analyzed, and optimized. The DPCF is fabricated by side-polishing a photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with periodic air holes arranged outside the Ge-doped core. An Al layer is deposited on the surface of an arc-shaped groove to excite SPR, and chloroform is placed on the outer DPCF for temperature detection. The finite element method (FEM) is employed to systematically optimize the structural parameters of the sensor, including the core size, the relative refractive index difference between the core and cladding, the distance between the core and the Al film, and the Al film thickness. The temperature sensitivity, resolution, and figure of merit (FOM) are investigated. A detectable temperature range of 25℃ to 90℃ and a maximum temperature sensitivity of 24.4 nm/℃ are achieved. The average temperature sensitivities are 13.62 nm/℃ and 4.66 nm/℃ within 25℃ ~ 50℃ and 50℃ ~ 90℃ respectively. In addition, the sensor structure is simplified by investigating the effects of the layer number, quantity, and size of the cladding air holes on the sensing properties. Featuring high sensitivity and low production difficulty, the DPCF-SPR temperature sensor has significant applications in industrial manufacturing and environmental monitoring.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":736,"journal":{"name":"Plasmonics","volume":"21 7","pages":"3173 - 3187"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148878113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultra-Sensitive Refractive Index Sensor for Early Detection and Diagnosis of Cancer and Influenza Diseases","authors":"Mohammad Ali Rezaei,&nbsp;Pejman Rezaei,&nbsp;Seyed Amin Khatami","doi":"10.1007/s11468-026-03419-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11468-026-03419-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this research, a highly responsive RI sensor is proposed. These resonances correspond to unique E-field patterns, and the corresponding optical sensor exhibited an extremely elevated level of responsiveness to the ambient RI variations. The sensitivity of such optical sensors heavily depends on both the sensor’s constituent materials and its geometry. The framework of this sensor comprises the analyte above the graphene layer and the SiO₂ and gold layers below it. The absorption curve of this sensor showed perfect absorption (99.99%) around the frequency of 13.34 terahertz, having an impressive mean Q-factor equal to 21.51. Its high sensitivity to subtle variations in the analyte RI is so high, that the absorption peak, frequency, and RI will change. This FOM along with the sensor’s sensitivity regarding in direct relation towards the variations occurring within the analyte RI were found 9.02 RIU^− 1 and 3.7 THz/RIU, respectively. Thus, rendering the proposed device remarkably well-adapted and suitable for biomedical uses and early diagnosis of different types of cancer and the new field for subsequent research and progress.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":736,"journal":{"name":"Plasmonics","volume":"21 7","pages":"3189 - 3201"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148878114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI-Driven Multi-Objective Optimization of an Au/MoS2/PVP-Coated PCF-SPR Biosensor for Glycerol Concentration Sensing","authors":"Zahraa S. Alshaikhli,&nbsp;Fatema H. Rajab","doi":"10.1007/s11468-026-03423-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11468-026-03423-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The growing demand for highly sensitive, rapid, and label-free biosensing technologies has accelerated the development of Photonic Crystal Fiber-based Surface Plasmon Resonance (PCF-SPR) sensors for biochemical applications. In this study, an artificial intelligence AI-assisted multi-objective design and optimization is proposed to employ Large-Mode-Area Polarization-Maintaining PCF (LMA-PM-10 PCF) as the sensing platform due to its excellent polarization stability and optical confinement characteristics. To improve sensing efficiency and plasmonic interaction, a hybrid multilayer configuration consisting of gold (Au), molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂), and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) is incorporated into the sensor structure. The optical performance of and dataset for the proposed biosensor is numerically investigated using COMSOL Multiphysics. The refractive index (RI) of the analyte was varied between 1.33 and 1.40 to evaluate the sensing behavior over a broad range of biological and chemical environments. Key performance parameters, including wavelength sensitivity (S_λ), confinement loss (CL), resonance wavelength (λ_res), Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM), and Figure of Merit (FOM), were investigated to evaluate sensor behavior. Subsequently, Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Particle Swarm Optimization-assisted ANN (PSO-ANN), and the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) were employed to model, predict, and optimize the sensor response. In the standard optimization method, a sensitivity of 4462 nm/RIU was achieved; however; with the assistance of Machine Learning (ML) algorithms, this was increased to 5850 nm/RIU, representing a significant improvement of 31.1%. The FOM was significantly enhanced from 213 RIU^− 1 to 295 RIU^− 1.The PSO-ANN achieved an improvement in terms of Mean Square Error (MSE), estimated at 77.88%, compared with ANN. This study will considerably contribute to the literature in terms of establishing the optimum thicknesses of plasmonic and other functional materials for the proposed sensor type to improve sensor characteristics such as sensitivity, CL, FOM, FWHM and resonance wavelength, along with the selection of an accurate optimization algorithm type.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":736,"journal":{"name":"Plasmonics","volume":"21 7","pages":"3119 - 3145"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148878109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Advancement of Brillouin Light Scattering with the Assistance of Nanoplasmonic Structures. Enhancement and Amplification","authors":"Eugene Bortchagovsky,&nbsp;Andrii V. Chumak,&nbsp;Valeri Lozovski","doi":"10.1007/s11468-026-03395-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11468-026-03395-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Brillouin light scattering (BLS) is a key technique in studying magnonic systems, though its detection capabilities are often constrained by low signal-to-noise ratios. While nanoplasmonic systems can enhance BLS through near-field effects, we propose a novel approach for additional amplification. In this conceptual paper, we show how to actively supply energy to a surface common resonance (SCR) supported by a sparse layer of metal nanoparticles on a magnetic film. Proposed methods are designed to significantly amplify the efficiency of surface-enhanced Brillouin light scattering without increasing the intensity of the primary excitation. In the proposed scheme, the pump extends the propagation length of the SCR, leading directly to BLS amplification. We analyse the conditions for such amplification, with numerical estimates indicating a potential gain of more than an order of magnitude in the surface-wave amplitude. This gain far surpasses the modest increase achievable through passive enhancement alone. These findings outline a practical pathway to achieving BLS amplification in integrated magnonic platforms. The feasibility of the proposed approaches is discussed in light of recent experimental and theoretical advances in plasmonics, magneto-plasmonics, and magnonics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":736,"journal":{"name":"Plasmonics","volume":"21 7","pages":"3147 - 3159"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11468-026-03395-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148878074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasmonic Signal Amplification Through a V2O5–Nickel Foam Interface for Precision Refractive Index Biosensing","authors":"Rajeev Kumar,&nbsp;Biswajit Brahma,&nbsp;Javed Alam,&nbsp;Mostefa Benhaliliba,&nbsp;Hiba Bouandas,&nbsp;Akash Kumar Bhoi","doi":"10.1007/s11468-026-03422-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11468-026-03422-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study theoretically investigates a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor that includes a CaF₂ prism. Silver (Ag) and vanadium pentoxide/nickel (V₂O₅/Ni) foam layers for the detection of analytes with refractive indices (RIs) between 1.33 and 1.35. The transfer matrix method (TMM) was used to analyze the optical response of the sensor at a wavelength of 633 nm. The plasmonic interaction was significantly enhanced by the addition of a V₂O₅/Ni foam layer, resulting in sharper reflectivity curves and increased sensitivity. Various parameters, such as sensitivity, detection accuracy (DA), figure of merit (FoM), and penetration depth (PD), were obtained at the optimized Ag thickness. The maximum sensitivity of 398.95 °/RIU was attained at an Ag thickness of 46 nm with an RI of 1.34. The proposed sensor is suitable for chemical and biomedical sensing applications, such as disease diagnosis and biomolecular detection, owing to its exceptional capacity to detect minute changes in the RI.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":736,"journal":{"name":"Plasmonics","volume":"21 7","pages":"3105 - 3117"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11468-026-03422-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148878076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Plasma-Assisted Ag/g-C₃N₄/ZnO Nanocomposite for Non-Enzymatic Urea Sensing and Antimicrobial Applications","authors":"Mohammed H. Jawad,&nbsp;Hasan F. Alesary,&nbsp;Ahmed Al-Yasari","doi":"10.1007/s11468-026-03425-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11468-026-03425-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ag/g-C₃N₄/ZnO nanocomposite was successfully synthesized using an atmospheric-pressure plasma jet (APPJ) as a rapid, environmentally friendly, and chemical-reducing-agent-free alternative to conventional hydrothermal and chemical reduction methods. The prepared nanocomposite was characterized by XRD, FTIR, FESEM–EDS, Raman spectroscopy, XPS, BET, UV–Vis, DLS, and zeta potential analyses, confirming the successful integration of Ag nanoparticles into the g-C₃N₄/ZnO matrix. Electrochemical performance toward non-enzymatic urea sensing was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry, linear sweep voltammetry, chronoamperometry, chronopotentiometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Compared with the individual components, the Ag/g-C₃N₄/ZnO electrode exhibited higher current response, lower charge-transfer resistance, excellent repeatability (RSD = 0.96%), good storage stability, and high selectivity. The sensor showed a sensitivity of 0.15469 mA mM⁻¹, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.066 mM and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.221 mM. The low LOD is well below the physiological blood urea concentration, indicating its suitability for practical clinical monitoring. Enhanced electrochemical performance was attributed to strong interfacial interaction among Ag, ZnO, and g-C₃N₄, resulting in reduced charge-transfer resistance, lower photoluminescence intensity, and increased specific surface area. The nanocomposite also exhibited excellent antibacterial activity, with inhibition zones of 27.8 ± 0.746 mm against Proteus mirabilis and 30.6 ± 0.702 mm against Staphylococcus aureus, while pure ZnO showed the highest antifungal activity against Chaetomium globosum. These findings demonstrate that the plasma-assisted Ag/g-C₃N₄/ZnO nanocomposite is a promising multifunctional platform for non-enzymatic urea sensing and antimicrobial applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":736,"journal":{"name":"Plasmonics","volume":"21 7","pages":"3047 - 3071"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148878078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of a Multilayer SPR Sensor for High-Sensitivity Dopamine Detection in the Picomolar Range","authors":"Ashiqur Rahman Anik,&nbsp;Md. Ahnab Hossain,&nbsp;Md. Shahriar Alam,&nbsp;Bobby Barua,&nbsp;Russel Reza Mahmud","doi":"10.1007/s11468-026-03385-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11468-026-03385-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, a novel multilayer surface plasmon resonance (SPR) configuration is proposed for the detection of dopamine at the picomolar level. The designed structure integrates an MgF<span>(_2)</span> prism, an Al<span>(_2)</span>O<span>(_3)</span> dielectric spacer, an Ag plasmonic layer, and black phosphorus (BP) as a two-dimensional sensing medium. Performance of this sensor is evaluated using the transfer matrix method (TMM) and validated using finite-element method (FEM) simulations. This optimized structure achieves a maximum angular sensitivity of 416.27<span>(^circ)</span> RIU<span>(^{-1})</span>, a quality factor of 106.59, a signal-to-noise ratio of 4.4468, and a minimum FWHM of 3.27<span>(^circ)</span>. This device works effectively within a refractive index range from 1.256 to 1.309. The sensor also shows a strong linear response over a refractive index range of 1.20 to 1.31. Compared with existing SPR configurations, numerical analysis revealed significant improvements in sensitivity and resonance characteristics, highlighting its potential for high-precision dopamine monitoring in biomedical applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":736,"journal":{"name":"Plasmonics","volume":"21 7","pages":"3073 - 3092"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148878112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Theoretical Insights into Plasmonic Responses of Transition Metal Nitrides for High-sensitivity Tip-enhanced Spectroscopy","authors":"Yanting Feng,&nbsp;Lingyan Meng","doi":"10.1007/s11468-026-03421-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11468-026-03421-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tip-enhanced spectroscopy (TES) achieves high sensitivity through strong localized electromagnetic fields generated by a plasmonic tip. Although noble metal tips are widely used, their applications are limited by thermal instability and optical losses. Transition metal nitrides (TMNs), including ZrN, TiN, and HfN, provide promising alternatives to noble metals owing to their tunable plasmonic properties and superior stability. This study presents a theoretical analysis of TMNs for TES applications. The quality factors of TMNs were evaluated to assess their surface plasmon resonance performance. Additionally, electric field and spectral enhancements were analyzed to identify the most suitable TMN for TES. Furthermore, the effects of molecular position and tip geometry on electric field enhancement were systematically investigated for a ZrN tip–substrate configuration. Electric field enhancement is highly sensitive to the lateral (x) position but exhibits a weak dependence on the vertical (z) position within the tip–substrate nanogap. Molecular position–dependent TES analysis further reveals that both single- and two-photon-excited fluorescence enhancements are strongly influenced by nanoscale positional variations. These findings provide valuable insights for developing high-sensitivity TMN-based TES platforms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":736,"journal":{"name":"Plasmonics","volume":"21 7","pages":"3093 - 3103"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148878108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}