PlasmonicsPub Date : 2024-08-13DOI: 10.1007/s11468-024-02477-0
Jiayuan Liu, Jie Dong, Shanglin Hou, Qingmin Liu, Caijian Xie, Gang Wu, Zuyong Yan
{"title":"Design of a Gold-Nanowires Embedded PCF for Magnetic Field and Temperature Sensing","authors":"Jiayuan Liu, Jie Dong, Shanglin Hou, Qingmin Liu, Caijian Xie, Gang Wu, Zuyong Yan","doi":"10.1007/s11468-024-02477-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-024-02477-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A photonic crystal fiber (PCF) sensor comprising two sensing channels for magnetic field and temperature measurements is proposed. In order to detect the magnetic field and temperature effectively, the two sensing channels of the proposed sensor are embedded with gold nanowires and filled with Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and magnetic fluid (MF), respectively. Additionally, this configuration simplifies the fabrication process and eliminates some problems when plasmonic material is deposited in the inner or outer surface of PCF. The performance of the proposed sensor is numerically investigated by the finite element method (FEM). The optimal structural parameters have been determined by analyzing the loss curves and energy of the y-polarized core mode ultimately. Furthermore, the sensitivity is not particularly sensitive to the sizes of the cladding air holes, indicating the sensor has better manufacturing tolerance. The simulation results reveal the maximum magnetic field sensitivity is 238.4 pm/Oe at the magnetic field of 30–300 Oe, and temperature sensitivity is − 1103.6 pm/°C at the temperature of − 20–40 °C. The proposed sensor can detect sub-zero temperatures with a high magnetic field sensitivity. Given its low fabrication complexity and extensive detection range, this PCF-SPR sensor has potential applications in magnetic environments at low temperatures, such as geological exploration, marine environment monitoring, and so on.</p>","PeriodicalId":736,"journal":{"name":"Plasmonics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142213512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PlasmonicsPub Date : 2024-08-13DOI: 10.1007/s11468-024-02479-y
Miao Zhang, Zhixia Xu, Shiqiang Fu, Weiye Zhong, Hai Lan
{"title":"Labyrinthine Spoof SPP Multi-band Bandpass Filters","authors":"Miao Zhang, Zhixia Xu, Shiqiang Fu, Weiye Zhong, Hai Lan","doi":"10.1007/s11468-024-02479-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-024-02479-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The surface plasmon polariton (SPP) is an electromagnetic wave mode that occurs at the interface of a metal and a dielectric material. It possesses unique properties such as enhancing the strength of the electromagnetic field at the metal surface, achieving sub-wavelength focusing of light waves, and exhibiting low loss. Due to these characteristics, SPP holds great promise in various applications including super-resolution imaging, terahertz technology, biosensing, and optical communication. This paper proposes two Spoof SPP-based tri-band bandpass filters that replace the conventional sawtooth cell structure with a miniaturized labyrinth resonator structure. Upon investigating the dispersion characteristics of the resonators, we found that both resonator unit 1 and resonator unit 2 exhibit three modes, resulting in three notch points for each filter. Unlike most SPP-based structures, our design features a compact structure fed by a co-planar waveguide (CPW) without an added ground at the bottom, thereby reducing losses and improving efficiency. To achieve a smoother transition from CPW to the transmission structure, we utilize a segment of microstrip line structure synthesized by a logarithmic function. Both filters are of the same size, with dimensions totaling 192 mm × 42 mm. Based on our study, we have designed two filters with multiple notch points and have obtained good agreement between the simulation results and the actual test results.</p>","PeriodicalId":736,"journal":{"name":"Plasmonics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142213479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PlasmonicsPub Date : 2024-08-13DOI: 10.1007/s11468-024-02458-3
Oussama Baitiche, Fathi Bendelala, Ali Cheknane, Filippo Costa, Hikmat S. Hilal, Jean-Michel Nunzi, Khadidja Younes
{"title":"Plasmonic Metamaterial’s Light Trapping Enhancement of Ultrathin PbS-CQD Solar Thermal PV Cells","authors":"Oussama Baitiche, Fathi Bendelala, Ali Cheknane, Filippo Costa, Hikmat S. Hilal, Jean-Michel Nunzi, Khadidja Younes","doi":"10.1007/s11468-024-02458-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-024-02458-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Enhancing photon absorptance in ultrathin solar/thermophotovoltaic (STPV) cells is crucial for low-cost highly efficient cells. A complete study of power conversion enhancement, in a proposed ultrathin STPV cell, is presented here. It involves lead sulfide colloidal quantum dots (PbS-CQDs), a silver (Ag)-nano-pyramid design, aluminum nitride (AlN) crossed prisms as front texturization, with embedded Ag nanospheres, and a tantalum (Ta) film as a back reflector. By combining the three mechanisms of surface plasmon polariton (SPP), localized plasmons (LSPR), and magnetic polariton (MP) in the same structure, photon absorptance in the active PbS-CQDs layer is greatly improved. The suggested structure attained a highly active absorptance of over 80%, covering visible and near-infrared (0.30–1.77 µm). The short circuit current density is also evaluated under AM 1.5 solar illumination and various blackbody temperatures (<i>T</i><sub>B</sub>), with values of 48.90 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> and 6.93 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>, respectively, corresponding to unprecedented power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 20.20% and 15.58%. The effects of metamaterial light management on PCE enhancement are discussed. Collectively, the findings show that the proposed hybrid cell is potentially useful in high-performance hybrid thermal and solar cells.</p><h3 data-test=\"abstract-sub-heading\">Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000","PeriodicalId":736,"journal":{"name":"Plasmonics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142213478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dual-core Photonic Crystal Fiber Temperature and Humidity Sensor Based on PDMS and PVA","authors":"Mingshi Song, Xili Jing, Zhiyong Yin, Heng Zhang, Jiaxin Li, Tianli Huo","doi":"10.1007/s11468-024-02480-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-024-02480-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Temperature and humidity sensors are applied in environmental monitoring, agriculture, the food industry, and biochemical detection. To enhance their sensitivity and efficiency, this work presents a temperature and humidity sensor that uses surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and photonic crystal fiber (PCF). The sensor comprises a hexagonal pattern of holes and two planes. On one side of the plane, a gold film coated with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) is used for temperature measurement, while on the other side, a gold film with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) is used for humidity measurement. The finite element method is used to analyze the sensor’s sensing characteristics, revealing that its temperature sensitivity ranges from 20 to 90 ℃ at 3.82 nm/℃, while its humidity sensitivity ranges from 20 to 98% at 5.013 nm/%RH. Overall, this sensor can operate effectively in both temperature and humidity environments, simultaneously measuring both parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":736,"journal":{"name":"Plasmonics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142227822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PlasmonicsPub Date : 2024-08-12DOI: 10.1007/s11468-024-02473-4
Zen Sbeah, Vishal Sorathiya, Diksha Chauhan, Abdullah Alwabli, Amar Y. Jaffar, Ahmad Alghamdi, Osama S. Faragallah
{"title":"Borophene and Phase Change Material-based Integrated Multilayered High-Sensitive Refractive Index Sensor for Infrared Frequency Spectrum","authors":"Zen Sbeah, Vishal Sorathiya, Diksha Chauhan, Abdullah Alwabli, Amar Y. Jaffar, Ahmad Alghamdi, Osama S. Faragallah","doi":"10.1007/s11468-024-02473-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-024-02473-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This work presents the design and numerical simulation of a multilayered surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor incorporating borophene and germanium (Ge)-antimony (Sb) telluride (Te) (GST) as active plasmonic materials. The sensor design is modelled in two dimensions (2D) and exhibits a broad refractive index detection range, from 1 to 2.5 µm/RIU. The proposed design utilizes a top-analyte configuration, where the target analyte is placed directly on the sensor surface for interaction. Various metals like Ag (silver), Au (gold), Al (aluminium), and Cu (copper) are considered for investigation of the influence of the middle metal layer on the overall optical response. The GST layer is modelled as a two-state material, accounting for its amorphous (aGST) and crystalline (cGST) phases. It allows for exploring the sensor’s tunability based on the GST material’s phase state. Furthermore, comprehensive optimization and validation processes are conducted for various device parameters, including layer thicknesses, widths, and the type of metal employed. These optimizations aim to achieve optimal sensor performance regarding sensitivity and overall functionality. Notably, the simulations reveal distinct bandwidths and resonant regions for both aGST and cGST phases of the GST layer. In conclusion, this proposed sensor provides potential application in biomolecular and chemical testing due to its tunable characteristics and broad refractive index detection range.</p>","PeriodicalId":736,"journal":{"name":"Plasmonics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141935858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PlasmonicsPub Date : 2024-08-12DOI: 10.1007/s11468-024-02459-2
Qingyang Liu, Xin Zhao, Qixuan Zhang, Zhiyong Xue, Qiankang Shang, Yao Lu, Weiguo Yan
{"title":"High Sensitivity Refractive Index Sensor Based on TiO2-Ag Double-Layer Coated Photonic Crystal Fiber","authors":"Qingyang Liu, Xin Zhao, Qixuan Zhang, Zhiyong Xue, Qiankang Shang, Yao Lu, Weiguo Yan","doi":"10.1007/s11468-024-02459-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-024-02459-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, a D-type photonic crystal fiber (PCF) refractive index (RI) sensor based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is designed. The plasma material is silver (Ag), and the titanium dioxide (TiO<sub>2</sub>) is selected to cover the silver film to protect silver from oxidation and enhance the SPR effect. This design enables the sensor to effectively detect the RI change of the analyte. Utilizing the finite element method (FEM), we elaborately researched and optimized various structural parameters and analyzed the influencing factors of the sensor performance. The operating wavelength range of the sensor is from 1000 to 2000 nm. In the RI sensing range of 1.345 to 1.405, the designed PCF sensor possesses an extraordinary maximum wavelength sensitivity of 32,000 nm/RIU, the outstanding figure-of-merit (FOM) of 584.59 RIU<sup>−1</sup>, and a maximum resolution of 3.125 × 10<sup>−6</sup> RIU. The results concise indicate that the proposed sensor exhibits predominant sensitivity and resolution to the changes of RI of analyte through the SPR effect. The sensor has significant advantages such as ultra-high sensitivity, small size, and low manufacturing complexity.</p>","PeriodicalId":736,"journal":{"name":"Plasmonics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142213506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PlasmonicsPub Date : 2024-08-12DOI: 10.1007/s11468-024-02465-4
Niti Rani, Aashish Kumar Bohre, Aniruddha Bhattacharya
{"title":"VO2-driven Polarization-Insensitive Conformal Meta-structure Unlocking the Reconfigurability in Terahertz Regime","authors":"Niti Rani, Aashish Kumar Bohre, Aniruddha Bhattacharya","doi":"10.1007/s11468-024-02465-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-024-02465-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper presents an innovative multifunctional wideband conformal metasurface structure using phase-changing vanadium dioxide. It consists of “quad dual-connected arrows-shaped VO<sub>2</sub> resonators” on an amorphous silicon dioxide (SiO<sub>2</sub>) substrate backed with a 0.2-µm-thick gold layer. This unique design functions as a reflector and absorber offering a novel contribution in the terahertz frequency range. Each unit cell covers a 6-THz bandwidth from 5.6 to 11.6 THz with more than 90% absorptivity and reflectivity. For deeper insight, the paper also explores its circuit model, surface currents, and field distributions. Furthermore, this wideband absorber maintains its performance at incident angles up to 55°, showing polarization-insensitive behavior. The simulated absorptivity aligns well with the absorptivity extracted using an equivalent circuit model (ECM). Its outstanding performance makes it suitable for electromagnetic interference-EMC, biomedical, and stealth applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":736,"journal":{"name":"Plasmonics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142213505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PlasmonicsPub Date : 2024-08-07DOI: 10.1007/s11468-024-02468-1
Abbas Azarian, Ferydon Babaei
{"title":"The Asymmetry Effect on Hybrid Plasmon Modes in Disk@ring Nanoparticle","authors":"Abbas Azarian, Ferydon Babaei","doi":"10.1007/s11468-024-02468-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-024-02468-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Here, the characteristics of hybrid plasmon modes of disk@ring nanoparticle were investigated by finite difference time domain simulation method. The change of the distance from the edge of the disk to the center of the ring, the change of the polarization angle, and the number of disks were considered as an asymmetry parameter in the research. The obtained results showed that two kinds of plasmon appear in near-infrared and visible regions, which are related to bonding and anti-bonding modes, respectively. This study can have potential applications in nano and biosensors in the detection of chemical species and threshold excitation of nanolasers in hybrid plasmonic wavelengths.</p>","PeriodicalId":736,"journal":{"name":"Plasmonics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141935860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sensitivity Enhancement in D-Shaped Photonic Crystal Fiber Sensors: Gold Versus Silver Plasmonic Layers","authors":"Pakarzadeh Hassan, Sharif Vahid, Saberi Hana, Rahmanfar Zahra, Hajivandi Jamileh","doi":"10.1007/s11468-024-02478-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11468-024-02478-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors have attracted great attention in recent years for various applications such as medical diagnosis and biochemical materials. Among SPR sensors, D-shaped structures based on photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) have shown very high performance and are easy to use. In this paper, a simple design of SPR sensors based on the D-shaped PCFs with the optimized geometrical parameters is proposed. Gold and silver are considered as plasmonic layers on the surface of the D-shaped PCF sensor. By performing multiple simulations using the finite-difference eigenmode (FDE) method, various values of gold and silver thicknesses are investigated to achieve the highest sensitivity and resolution. The results indicate that the highest sensitivity and resolution of 25,600 nm/RIU and <span>(3.9times {10}^{-6})</span> are achieved respectively for a gold thickness of 44 nm at the analyte refractive index (RI) of 1.41. Meanwhile, for an analyte RI range of 1.29 to 1.40, silver demonstrates greater sensitivity than gold in the same range. The proposed sensor with superior characteristics compared with other SPR sensors can be considered as a very good candidate for RI measurement with high sensitivity, linearity, and resolution.</p>","PeriodicalId":736,"journal":{"name":"Plasmonics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141935859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}