Plasmonics最新文献

{"title":"Theoretical Investigation of Bismuth Triborate and Lithium Triborate Dielectric Overlayers Combined with 2D Materials for Enhanced SPR Sensing","authors":"Mohamed Ilyes Habia,&nbsp;Mohamed Loghrab,&nbsp;Mahdi Rahmani,&nbsp;Oualid Dairi,&nbsp;Abdelhak Guermat,&nbsp;Ghania Habia,&nbsp;Omar Meglali,&nbsp;Aissa Manallah","doi":"10.1007/s11468-026-03490-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11468-026-03490-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the enhancement of Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) sensor efficiency through the integration of bismuth triborate (BIBO) and lithium triborate (LBO) dielectric layers with two-dimensional materials, including black phosphorene (BP), MXene, graphene, and WSe₂. The sensor design employs the Kretschmann configuration utilizing an Ag-coated FK51A prism, capitalizing on the unique linear optical features of these materials to improve sensitivity and detection accuracy for biomedical applications, especially in the identification of cancerous cells. Simulations were conducted utilizing the transfer matrix method to calculate reflectivity spectra, resonance angle deviations, minimum reflectivity (R_min), full width at half maximum (FWHM), sensitivity, and quality factor (QF). The findings indicate that BIBO-based sensors surpass LBO-based sensors, attaining enhanced resonance angles, more significant reflectivity dips, and increased sensitivity. BIBO sensors exhibit a maximum sensitivity of 381.42°/RIU and a quality factor of 183.42 RIU⁻¹ at a silver thickness of 54 nm. Among 2D materials, BP-functionalized sensors had the highest sensitivity (426.42°/RIU) and quality factor (102.26 RIU⁻¹), enabling precise discrimination between normal and malignant cells through significant angular resonance shifts. Graphene exhibited a balanced performance with a sensitivity of 364.28°/RIU and a quality factor of 74.34 RIU⁻¹, while MXene and WSe₂-based sensors showed reduced sensitivity and quality factor, indicating limited plasmonic coupling and detection resolution. The appropriate thickness of Ag was shown to be critical, since increased layer thickness enhanced resonance sharpness and sensitivity up to a specific threshold. This study highlights the combined advantages of high-index dielectric layers and two-dimensional materials in improving SPR biosensor capabilities, emphasizing their potential for high-precision, label-free biological diagnostics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":736,"journal":{"name":"Plasmonics","volume":"21 12","pages":"4401 - 4416"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149331247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Developments of Graphene Metasurface in Microwave and Optical Regimes for Biosensing Applications - A Review","authors":"Yoga Priya Periyasamy,&nbsp;Rajesh Anbazhagan,&nbsp;Po-Hsueh Chang,&nbsp;John Bosco Balaguru Rayappan","doi":"10.1007/s11468-026-03478-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11468-026-03478-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In recent years, graphene metasurface–based biosensors have attracted significant research interest due to their exceptional optical, electrical, and tunable characteristics. The high carrier mobility of graphene, its tunable Fermi level, and its atomically thin 2D structure, when integrated into metasurface designs, give rise to sharp, tunable plasmonic resonances, strong electromagnetic field confinement, and ultra-high refractive-index sensitivity. Graphene metasurface biosensor-enhanced assays for cell morphology and secretion, virus detection, and tissue imaging can improve the accuracy of early disease diagnosis. Microwave and photonics technologies are prime candidates for future sensing and signal processing applications. This review examines current developments in biosensing technologies based on graphene metasurfaces that integrate microwave and photonic technologies, as well as their applications in the biomedical field. Finally, we have highlighted the future development trends of graphene metasurfaces to enhance the sensitivity of biomolecule detection and emphasize their broad range of applications.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div><div><p>Schematic representation of graphene metasurface based on biosensing applications</p></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":736,"journal":{"name":"Plasmonics","volume":"21 12","pages":"4377 - 4399"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149331184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tailoring Nonlinear Optical Rectification and Second-Harmonic Generation in CdS/ZnSe core/Shell Prolate Quantum dots Through Impurity Position and Shape Anisotropy","authors":"Ayoub Cherni,&nbsp;Nabil Zeiri,&nbsp;Hamed Dehdashti Jahromi,&nbsp;Mohamed Barhoumi.,&nbsp;Fahad Aljuaid,&nbsp;Hassaballa Mohamed Abdelgadir Mahmoud","doi":"10.1007/s11468-026-03477-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11468-026-03477-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study provides a thorough theoretical investigation into how the donor impurity’s position, geometric deformation, and an external electric field collectively influence the nonlinear optical properties of CdS/ZnSe core/shell prolate quantum dots (CSPQDs) housed within a HfO2 dielectric matrix. We employed the finite element method in COMSOL Multiphysics to solve the Schrödinger equation, utilizing the effective mass approximation (EMA). Our model incorporated the confinement potential, impurity localization, Coulomb interaction, and self-polarization energy. Subsequently, the nonlinear optical rectification (NOR) and second harmonic generation (SHG) coefficients were determined via the compact density matrix (CDM) formalism. Our findings indicate that both impurity displacement and geometric anisotropy disrupt confinement symmetry, thereby boosting NOR and SHG coefficients and inducing a redshift in resonance peaks. Furthermore, applying an external electric field intensifies these effects, presenting an effective strategy for manipulating optical nonlinearity. The key novelty of this is the introduction of a three-dimensional asymmetric CdS/ZnSe CSPQDs system with an off-center impurity, enabling a simultaneously assessment of geometric anisotropy, electric field modulation and dielectric confinement on the nonlinear optical response. These results reveal new mechanisms for tuning nonlinear optical properties through structural and electrostatic modulation, enabling the development of tunable photonic devices, including optical modulators, frequency doublers and nanophotonic sensors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":736,"journal":{"name":"Plasmonics","volume":"21 12","pages":"4363 - 4376"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149331177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly Sensitive Graphene-MoS₂ Hybrid Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensor for Malaria Detection via Refractive Index Analysis of Red Blood Cells","authors":"Hanieh Moradi,&nbsp;Alireza Keshavarz,&nbsp;Soraya Zangenehzadeh","doi":"10.1007/s11468-026-03470-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11468-026-03470-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors are recognized as powerful analytical tools offering real-time, label-free, and highly sensitive detection of biomolecular interactions, making them particularly valuable for medical diagnostics such as malaria screening. SPR arises at the metal-dielectric interface when collective oscillations of free electrons generate confined surface excitations. In this study, we present a Kretschmann-configured SPR sensor optimized for near-infrared (NIR) operation, composed of an SF10 prism, a 70-nm silver film, and a periodic graphene, MoS₂ bilayer (with 7-nm MoS₂ thickness) designed to enhance plasmonic performance and suppress optical interference. The ABCD matrix formalism was employed to compute reflectivity and to monitor refractive index (RI) variations in red blood cells (RBCs). The RI of healthy RBCs was measured as 1.399 ± 0.006 (RIU), while malaria-infected cells exhibited reduced indices of 1.395 ± 0.005 (RIU) (ring stage), 1.383 ± 0.005 (RIU) (trophozoite), and 1.373 ± 0.006 (RIU) (schizont). The optimized structure achieved sensitivities of 198.08 (Deg/RIU) and 201.52 (Deg/RIU) for RI variations of 0.005 and 0.007, respectively. Corresponding reflectivity values were 0.9530 ± 0.006 (a.u.) for healthy cells and 0.9439, 0.8946, and 0.8193 (a.u.) for the infection stages. These results demonstrate the capability of the proposed sensor to discriminate malaria infection stages through precise refractive index analysis, highlighting its strong potential for rapid, label-free, and stage-specific malaria diagnosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":736,"journal":{"name":"Plasmonics","volume":"21 12","pages":"4349 - 4362"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149331245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design Optimization and Performance Analysis of an Antimonene Integrated SPR Sensor for Highly Sensitive Refractometric Detection of Urine Glucose","authors":"Manish Jangid,&nbsp;Vijay Janyani","doi":"10.1007/s11468-026-03489-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11468-026-03489-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Effective management of diabetes, a chronic metabolic disorder affecting more than 530 million adults worldwide, relies greatly on precise measurement of glucose levels. In this article, a novel surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor is numerically modeled and optimized for the refractometric detection of glucose in urine. The proposed sensor design, based on the Kretschmann configuration, consists of a multilayered nanostructure comprising indium tin oxide (ITO), silver (Ag), black phosphorus (BP), and antimonene over a BK-7 glass substrate. The optical properties of the proposed sensor are numerically analyzed using the transfer matrix method (TMM) and COMSOL Multiphysics. The structural parameters are then systematically optimized to enhance the overall performance of the designed sensor. The findings show that the proposed sensor configuration exhibits a notable sensitivity of 410.25°/RIU and a linear glucose detection range, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 2.44E-06, confirming strong energy confinement at the sensing interface. Therefore, the proposed sensor is a promising candidate for glucose detection due to its excellent selectivity, stability, and high sensitivity. This work highlights the potential of an analytically modeled SPR sensor and lays the groundwork for future experimental validation and its integration into portable glucose monitor devices.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":736,"journal":{"name":"Plasmonics","volume":"21 12","pages":"4335 - 4348"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149331176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine Learning-Assisted FDTD Design of Broadband Terahertz On-Chip Antennas Utilizing Surface Plasmon Polaritons","authors":"Anis Omidniaee,&nbsp;Keyvan Barati,&nbsp;Ali Farmani","doi":"10.1007/s11468-026-03492-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11468-026-03492-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Terahertz (THz) on-chip plasmonics antennas are promising candidates for next-generation integrated communication and sensing systems; however, their practical implementation remains challenging due to substrate losses, impedance mismatch, and limited radiation performance at sub-millimeter wavelengths. In this work, a physics-informed machine learning approach is proposed for the optimization of broadband THz on-chip antennas based on a GaAs–TiN heterostructure platform. The proposed framework combines full-wave electromagnetic simulations with machine learning-assisted surrogate modeling to efficiently explore the complex relationship between antenna geometry, material characteristics, and radiation performance. The integration of high-permittivity GaAs with conductive TiN provides an effective platform for controlling electromagnetic confinement and improving energy coupling at THz frequencies. By employing the developed optimization strategy, the antenna parameters are optimized to achieve enhanced impedance matching, broadband operation, and improved directional radiation within a compact footprint. Numerical results demonstrate improved impedance matching and radiation performance, with a minimum reflection coefficient of − 56.53 dB at 193.44 THz, a − 10 dB bandwidth of 8.01 THz corresponding to a fractional bandwidth of 4.14%, a peak directivity of 17.28 dBi, a peak gain of 15.99 dBi, and an estimated radiation efficiency of 76.09%. The presented approach provides an efficient pathway for accelerating the design of advanced THz integrated devices by combining artificial intelligence techniques with engineered heterostructure materials. The proposed GaAs–TiN antenna architecture can offer potential applications in future high-capacity wireless communication, chip-scale sensing, and sub-terahertz photonic-electronic systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":736,"journal":{"name":"Plasmonics","volume":"21 12","pages":"4287 - 4299"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149331174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic Regulation of Shell Composition, Substrate-Mediated Electromagnetic Confinement, and Lattice Coupling Improves Performance of Gallium Core–Shell Nanoparticle Arrays Ultraviolet Refractive Index Sensors in Finite Element Simulations","authors":"Lian Hu,&nbsp;Yan Guo","doi":"10.1007/s11468-026-03464-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11468-026-03464-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ultraviolet (UV) localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensors are advantageous in terms of label-free biochemical sensing due to the overlap of their resonance wavelength with the intrinsic absorption fingerprints of many biomolecules, yet the strong optical losses of conventional noble metals in the ultraviolet region limit the sensing performance. Herein, finite-element simulations were employed to investigate and optimize gallium-based core–shell nanoparticle arrays for ultraviolet refractive-index sensing by examining the effects of excitation conditions, nanoparticle size, particle spacing, shell material, substrate material, and array topology on the optical response. Among structures, the optimized Ga@Ga₂O₃ hexagonal array on a 75 nm Al₂O₃ substrate achieved a sensitivity of 286 nm/RIU in an air environment, while the Ga@Au rectangular array accomplished 338 nm/RIU. In an aqueous environment, the rectangular arrays further improved the sensing performance, with recorded sensitivities of 330 nm/RIU and 350 nm/RIU for the Ga@Ga₂O₃ and Ga@Au structures, respectively. Also, all optimized structures exhibited highly linear refractive-index responses, with coefficients of determination above 0.99. Meanwhile, active regulation of the shell materials was found more effective for improving plasmonic performance than the naturally formed oxide layer, and the array topology played an important role in tailoring interparticle coupling and balancing sensitivity and spectral characteristics. Compared to existing ultraviolet plasmonic sensing systems, the proposed Ga-based core–shell nanoparticle arrays simultaneously exhibited high sensitivity, good spectral stability, and excellent linearity in both gaseous and aqueous environments, providing a theoretical foundation for constructing future advanced refractive-index sensing and label-free biochemical sensors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":736,"journal":{"name":"Plasmonics","volume":"21 12","pages":"4321 - 4333"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149331187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High-Sensitivity Au/WS₂/BRE Fiber-Optic SPR Biosensor with Embedded Peak Detection Algorithm for IoT-Enabled Blood-Component Monitoring","authors":"Rahul Rahul,&nbsp;Ananya Banerjee,&nbsp;Jaisingh Thangaraj","doi":"10.1007/s11468-026-03496-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11468-026-03496-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper proposes a novel Au/WS₂/bio-recognition element (BRE) fiber-optic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor, numerically demonstrated for the high-sensitivity refractometric discrimination and sequential profiling of human blood components such as plasma, hemoglobin (Hb), white blood cells (WBCs), and red blood cells (RBCs). The sensor architecture, comprising an etched multimode fiber core sequentially coated with gold (45 nm), a two-dimensional WS₂ layer (15 nm), and a BRE layer (10 nm, <i>n</i> = 1.45), exploits the superior light–matter interaction and evanescent field confinement of WS₂ to outperform conventional Au-only plasmonic interfaces. The optimized sensor achieves a maximum sensitivity of 35,500 nm/RIU and figure of merit of 406.50 RIU⁻¹ at RI = 1.40. The resonance wavelength shifting from 975 nm to 1995 nm across the RI range of 1.33–1.40. The highest pairwise sensitivity (25,550 nm/RIU) and finest resolution (3.91 × 10⁻⁶ RIU) occur for the Hb–RBCs pair, while the sensor resolves the narrow 0.01 RI gap between plasma and WBCs with a resolution of 1.05 × 10⁻⁵ RIU. A peak detection algorithm enables automated analyte identification, through an IoT-based ESP32 platform simulated in Wokwi with an average processing time of 184 µs. Comparative analysis confirms superior resolution over existing sensors, highlighting an economical, IoT-enabled diagnostic pipeline for point-of-care blood-component monitoring.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":736,"journal":{"name":"Plasmonics","volume":"21 12","pages":"4301 - 4319"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149331175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gaussian Process-Assisted Design of a Broadband TiN-Based Metamaterial Solar Absorber","authors":"Mohammad Reza Rakhshani,&nbsp;Mahdi Rashki","doi":"10.1007/s11468-026-03494-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11468-026-03494-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Broadband metamaterial absorbers based on titanium nitride (TiN) offer a promising route to efficient solar energy harvesting, yet their design typically requires exhaustive finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations that are computationally prohibitive. In this work, we design a polarization-insensitive, wide-angle metamaterial solar absorber based on a patterned three-layer TiN–SiO<span>(_2)</span>–TiN structure and demonstrate that Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) can replace repeated FDTD evaluations during the design process. The proposed structure achieves an mean solar absorption of 96.6% across the solar spectrum (300–3500 nm), while the optimized geometrical parameters yield a 90% absorption bandwidth of approximately 4000 nm. Field distribution analysis identifies TiN’s intrinsic dielectric loss and localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) as the two governing absorption mechanisms. The GPR surrogate model is validated by 5-fold cross-validation, yielding <span>(R^2 = 0.9714)</span>, RMSE <span>(= 0.0072)</span>, and MAE <span>(= 0.0055)</span>, confirming high prediction accuracy. The small standard deviation of <span>(R^2)</span> across folds (<span>(pm 0.0055)</span>) further demonstrates consistent generalization regardless of the training split, confirming model stability and robustness. Compared with brute-force FDTD sweeps, the GPR significantly reduces computational cost while maintaining prediction fidelity, establishing GPR-assisted surrogate modeling as a practical and generalizable framework for the rapid design of broadband metamaterial absorbers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":736,"journal":{"name":"Plasmonics","volume":"21 12","pages":"4263 - 4276"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149331248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Graphene Random Spaser","authors":"Milad Sani,&nbsp;Mahmood Hosseini Farzad,&nbsp;Stefano Lupi","doi":"10.1007/s11468-026-03475-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11468-026-03475-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Graphene-based spasers have attracted significant interest due to the exceptional properties of monolayer graphene, including its ability to support strongly confined graphene plasmons (GPs) across a broad spectral range and its tunable conductivity via electrical or chemical means. In this work, we propose a novel concept of a random graphene-based spaser, consisting of a graphene monolayer deposited on a silicon–silica random grating substrate. A quantum cascade quantum well acts as the gain medium, where it is placed above the graphene layer. The inherent disorder of the substrate induces Anderson localization of the graphene plasmons (GPs) along the graphene, enabling a fundamentally new type of nanoscale random laser which operates via the localized GPs. Unlike conventional random lasers that rely on multiple photon scattering, the proposed random spaser operates via stimulated amplification of the localized GPGPsgraphene plasmons (GPs), resulting in a narrow-linewidth amplified plasmonic output confined at the nanoscale. When this structure is pumped optically above the threshold, the gain medium, non-radiatively, transfers its energy to the localized GPGPsgraphene plasmons (GPs), producing an amplified localized plasmonic output. Within the present numerical model, this structure functions as a compact mid-infrared nanoscale plasmonic source, with highly localized surface-bound modes. This platform may provide opportunities for applications in nanoscale spectroscopy, nonlinear optics, optoelectronics, and integrated photonic information processing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":736,"journal":{"name":"Plasmonics","volume":"21 12","pages":"4277 - 4286"},"PeriodicalIF":5.6,"publicationDate":"2026-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149331249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}