Advances in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"New Feature: Student and Trainee-Focused Podcast Interviews with Article Authors","authors":"Steven A Abrams","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100234","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100234","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2161831324000681/pdfft?md5=9f7224409d002b980391ba3a48784e48&pid=1-s2.0-S2161831324000681-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141034659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Probiotics on Preterm Infant Gut Microbiota Across Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Pandi He ,&nbsp;Leilei Yu ,&nbsp;Fengwei Tian ,&nbsp;Wei Chen ,&nbsp;Hao Zhang ,&nbsp;Qixiao Zhai","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Microbiota in early life is closely associated with the health of infants, especially premature ones. Probiotics are important drivers of gut microbiota development in preterm infants; however, there is no consensus regarding the characteristics of specific microbiota in preterm infants receiving probiotics. In this study, we performed a meta-analysis of 5 microbiome data sets (1816 stool samples from 706 preterm infants) to compare the gut microbiota of preterm infants exposed to probiotics with that of preterm infants not exposed to probiotics across populations. Despite study-specific variations, we found consistent differences in gut microbial composition and predicted functional pathways between the control and probiotic groups across different cohorts of preterm infants. The enrichment of <em>Acinetobacter</em>, <em>Bifidobacterium</em>, and <em>Lactobacillus</em> spp and the depletion of the potentially pathogenic bacteria <em>Finegoldia</em>, <em>Veillonella</em>, and <em>Klebsiella</em> spp. were the most consistent changes in the gut microbiota of preterm infants supplemented with probiotics. Probiotics drove microbiome transition into multiple preterm gut community types, and notably, preterm gut community type 3 had the highest α-diversity, with enrichment of <em>Bifidobacterium</em> and <em>Bacteroides</em> spp. At the functional level, the major predicted microbial pathways involved in peptidoglycan biosynthesis consistently increased in preterm infants supplemented with probiotics; in contrast, the crucial pathways associated with heme biosynthesis consistently decreased. Interestingly, <em>Bifidobacterium</em> sp. rather than <em>Lactobacillus</em> sp. gradually became dominant in gut microbiota of preterm infants using mixed probiotics, although both probiotic strains were administered at the same dosage. Taken together, our meta-analysis suggests that probiotics contribute to reshaping the microbial ecosystem of preterm infants at both the taxonomic and functional levels of the bacterial community. More standardized and relevant studies may contribute to better understanding the crosstalk among probiotics, the gut microbiota, and subsequent disease risk, which could help to give timely nutritional feeding guidance to preterm infants.</p><p>This systematic review and meta-analysis was registered at PROSPERO (<span>https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/</span><svg><path></path></svg>) as CRD42023447901.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S216183132400067X/pdfft?md5=b247205ce5c4e0bc57a4c5d8ec9461db&pid=1-s2.0-S216183132400067X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141140193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Time to Step-Up Our Game Concerning Nutrient Analysis of Pasteurized Donor Human Milk?","authors":"Deborah L O’Connor","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100242","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2161831324000760/pdfft?md5=591295af5d82ae648a3de5f3f7758396&pid=1-s2.0-S2161831324000760-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141434494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of Holder Pasteurization and Preanalytical Handling Techniques on Fat Concentration in Donor Human Milk: A Scoping Review","authors":"Autumn Davis,&nbsp;Maryanne T Perrin","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100229","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Donor human milk (DHM) is an essential source of nutrition among high-risk infants (e.g., premature and low-birth weight). Holder pasteurization, a common step in DHM processing, is known to partially alter the composition of DHM; however, the impact on fat composition is historically inconsistent.</p></div><div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This scoping review aimed to broadly review the literature on the impact of Holder pasteurization on the fat content in DHM, with a focus on preanalytical sample mixing.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A systematic search of original, peer-reviewed research articles was conducted on 11 July, 2022. Articles were included if they compared matched raw (control) and Holder-pasteurized human milk samples and measured total lipids, cholesterol, and individual classes of fatty acids. Article review and selection was conducted by 2 independent reviewers.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The search yielded 26 original, peer-reviewed research articles published between 1978 and 2022. Overall methodology varied considerably between studies. When study methods described any mixing for collecting raw milk, 1 (17%) of the 6 of studies reported a small change in total fat concentration following pasteurization (&lt;5%). Alternatively, among studies that did not describe methods for mixing raw milk to ensure a representative sample, 10 (56%) of the 18 reported a significant change (≥± 5%) in total fat concentration, with changes ranging from −28.6% to +19.4%.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This review suggests that inconsistent findings regarding the impact of Holder pasteurization on fat may be related to study methodologies, particularly preanalytical sample mixing. More research considering the role of preanalytical handling procedures and methodologies is necessary to help clarify the impact of Holder pasteurization on human milk composition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2161831324000632/pdfft?md5=35fe0c8acfb8300ffe5dc707d00f7298&pid=1-s2.0-S2161831324000632-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141434781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revolutionizing Neonatal Nutrition: Rethinking Definitions and Standards for Optimal Care","authors":"Ariel A Salas","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100235","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100235","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2161831324000693/pdfft?md5=ef7f3cdd31cc22123ed64d3b6c9f3f28&pid=1-s2.0-S2161831324000693-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140863851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mitigating Intestinal Dysbiosis in the Very Preterm Infant","authors":"Mark A Underwood","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100236","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100236","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S216183132400070X/pdfft?md5=59773a9b71c6e0408e50f8a0034fcc2c&pid=1-s2.0-S216183132400070X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141142258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"There and Back Again: A Forty-Year Perspective on Physician Nutrition Education","authors":"Jaclyn Lewis Albin ,&nbsp;Olivia W Thomas ,&nbsp;Farshad Fani Marvasti ,&nbsp;Jo Marie Reilly","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100230","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100230","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Medical education faces an urgent need for evidence-based physician nutrition education. Since the publication of the 1985 National Academies report “Nutrition Education in the United States Medical Schools,” little has changed. Although several key efforts sought to increase nutrition content in undergraduate medical education over the past 40 y, most medical schools still fail to include the recommended minimum of 25 h of nutrition training. Without foundational concepts of nutrition in undergraduate medical education, graduate medical education unsurprisingly falls short of meeting patient needs for nutritional guidance in clinical practice. Meanwhile, diet-sensitive chronic diseases continue to escalate, although largely preventable and treatable by nutritional therapies and dietary lifestyle changes. Fortunately, recent recognition and adoption of Food is Medicine programs across the country increasingly connect patients with healthy food resources and nutrition education as core to their medical care, and physicians must be equipped to lead these efforts alongside their dietitian colleagues. Filling the gap in nutrition training will require an innovative and interprofessional approach that pairs nutrition with personal wellness, interprofessional practice, and community service learning. The intersectional benefits of connecting these domains will help prepare future physicians to address the social, behavioral, and lifestyle determinants of health in a way that recognizes nourishing food access as a core part of clinical practice. There are numerous strategies to integrate nutrition into education pathways, including didactic and experiential learning. Culinary medicine, an evidence-based field combining the culinary arts with nutritional science and medicine, is 1 promising educational framework with a hands-on, interprofessional approach that emphasizes community engagement. Advancing the critical need for widespread adoption of nutrition education for physicians will require support and engagement across societal stakeholders, including co-leadership from registered dietitian nutritionists, health system and payor reform, and opportunities for clinical innovation that bring this essential field to frontline patient care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2161831324000644/pdfft?md5=d132a6ae3d35b3aa9d6f0d063e03aca3&pid=1-s2.0-S2161831324000644-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140873559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expected and Desirable Preterm and Small Infant Growth Patterns","authors":"Tanis R Fenton ,&nbsp;Stephanie Merlino Barr ,&nbsp;Seham Elmrayed ,&nbsp;Belal Alshaikh","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100220","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100220","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Adequate nutrition is necessary for achieving optimal growth and neurodevelopment. Growth is a natural and expected process that happens concomitantly with rapid advancements in neurodevelopment. Serial weight, length, and head circumference growth measures are essential for monitoring development, although identifying pathological deviations from normal growth can pose challenges. Appropriate growth assessments require considerations that a range of sizes for length, head circumference, and weight are expected and appropriate. Because of genetic differences and morbidities, there is a considerable overlap between the growth of healthy infants and those with growth alterations. Parents tend to be over-concerned about children who plot low on growth charts and often need reassurance. Thus, the use of terms such as “poor” growth or growth “failure” are discouraged when growth is approximately parallel to growth chart curves even if their size is smaller than specific percentiles. No specific percentile should be set as a growth goal; individual variability should be expected. An infant’s size at birth is important information that goes beyond the common use of prognostic predictions of appropriate compared with small or large for gestational age. The lower the birthweight, the lower the nutrient stores and the more important the need for nutrition support. Compared to term infants, preterm infants at term-equivalent age have a higher percentage of body fat, but this diminishes over the next months. Current research findings support expert recommendations that preterm infants should grow, after early postnatal weight loss, similar to the fetus and then term-born infants, which translates to growth approximately parallel to growth chart curves. There is no need for a trade-off between optimum cognition and optimum future health. Each high-risk infant needs individualized nutrition and growth assessments. This review aims to examine infant growth expectations and messaging for parents of preterm and term-born infants within the broader causal framework.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2161831324000541/pdfft?md5=0b96366e3566c2f4f9ce9f54a38b2983&pid=1-s2.0-S2161831324000541-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140775375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Iron Status on Adaptive Immunity and Vaccine Efficacy: A Review","authors":"Nicole U. Stoffel,&nbsp;Hal Drakesmith","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100238","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100238","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Vaccines can prevent infectious diseases, but their efficacy varies, and factors impacting vaccine effectiveness remain unclear. Iron deficiency is the most common nutrient deficiency, affecting &gt;2 billion individuals. It is particularly common in areas with high infectious disease burden and in groups that are routinely vaccinated, such as infants, pregnant women, and the elderly. Recent evidence suggests that iron deficiency and low serum iron (hypoferremia) not only cause anemia but also may impair adaptive immunity and vaccine efficacy. A report of human immunodeficiency caused by defective iron transport underscored the necessity of iron for adaptive immune responses and spurred research in this area. Sufficient iron is essential for optimal production of plasmablasts and IgG responses by human B-cells in vitro and in vivo. The increased metabolism of activated lymphocytes depends on the high-iron acquisition, and hypoferremia, especially when occurring during lymphocyte expansion, adversely affects multiple facets of adaptive immunity, and may lead to prolonged inhibition of T-cell memory. In mice, hypoferremia suppresses the adaptive immune response to influenza infection, resulting in more severe pulmonary disease. In African infants, anemia and/or iron deficiency at the time of vaccination predict decreased response to diphtheria, pertussis, and pneumococcal vaccines, and response to measles vaccine may be increased by iron supplementation. In this review, we examine the emerging evidence that iron deficiency may limit adaptive immunity and vaccine responses. We discuss the molecular mechanisms and evidence from animal and human studies, highlight important unknowns, and propose a framework of key research questions to better understand iron–vaccine interactions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2161831324000723/pdfft?md5=6d1b5af6bdcc9c4fda732d0f0067a131&pid=1-s2.0-S2161831324000723-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140905254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biotin","authors":"Cydne A Perry ,&nbsp;Tammy A Butterick","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100251","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2161831324000851/pdfft?md5=254011c905fce7411a8de00716c8af50&pid=1-s2.0-S2161831324000851-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141201416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}