Advances in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Mitigating Intestinal Dysbiosis in the Very Preterm Infant","authors":"Mark A Underwood","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100236","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100236","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S216183132400070X/pdfft?md5=59773a9b71c6e0408e50f8a0034fcc2c&pid=1-s2.0-S216183132400070X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141142258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"There and Back Again: A Forty-Year Perspective on Physician Nutrition Education","authors":"Jaclyn Lewis Albin ,&nbsp;Olivia W Thomas ,&nbsp;Farshad Fani Marvasti ,&nbsp;Jo Marie Reilly","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100230","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100230","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Medical education faces an urgent need for evidence-based physician nutrition education. Since the publication of the 1985 National Academies report “Nutrition Education in the United States Medical Schools,” little has changed. Although several key efforts sought to increase nutrition content in undergraduate medical education over the past 40 y, most medical schools still fail to include the recommended minimum of 25 h of nutrition training. Without foundational concepts of nutrition in undergraduate medical education, graduate medical education unsurprisingly falls short of meeting patient needs for nutritional guidance in clinical practice. Meanwhile, diet-sensitive chronic diseases continue to escalate, although largely preventable and treatable by nutritional therapies and dietary lifestyle changes. Fortunately, recent recognition and adoption of Food is Medicine programs across the country increasingly connect patients with healthy food resources and nutrition education as core to their medical care, and physicians must be equipped to lead these efforts alongside their dietitian colleagues. Filling the gap in nutrition training will require an innovative and interprofessional approach that pairs nutrition with personal wellness, interprofessional practice, and community service learning. The intersectional benefits of connecting these domains will help prepare future physicians to address the social, behavioral, and lifestyle determinants of health in a way that recognizes nourishing food access as a core part of clinical practice. There are numerous strategies to integrate nutrition into education pathways, including didactic and experiential learning. Culinary medicine, an evidence-based field combining the culinary arts with nutritional science and medicine, is 1 promising educational framework with a hands-on, interprofessional approach that emphasizes community engagement. Advancing the critical need for widespread adoption of nutrition education for physicians will require support and engagement across societal stakeholders, including co-leadership from registered dietitian nutritionists, health system and payor reform, and opportunities for clinical innovation that bring this essential field to frontline patient care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2161831324000644/pdfft?md5=d132a6ae3d35b3aa9d6f0d063e03aca3&pid=1-s2.0-S2161831324000644-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140873559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expected and Desirable Preterm and Small Infant Growth Patterns","authors":"Tanis R Fenton ,&nbsp;Stephanie Merlino Barr ,&nbsp;Seham Elmrayed ,&nbsp;Belal Alshaikh","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100220","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100220","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Adequate nutrition is necessary for achieving optimal growth and neurodevelopment. Growth is a natural and expected process that happens concomitantly with rapid advancements in neurodevelopment. Serial weight, length, and head circumference growth measures are essential for monitoring development, although identifying pathological deviations from normal growth can pose challenges. Appropriate growth assessments require considerations that a range of sizes for length, head circumference, and weight are expected and appropriate. Because of genetic differences and morbidities, there is a considerable overlap between the growth of healthy infants and those with growth alterations. Parents tend to be over-concerned about children who plot low on growth charts and often need reassurance. Thus, the use of terms such as “poor” growth or growth “failure” are discouraged when growth is approximately parallel to growth chart curves even if their size is smaller than specific percentiles. No specific percentile should be set as a growth goal; individual variability should be expected. An infant’s size at birth is important information that goes beyond the common use of prognostic predictions of appropriate compared with small or large for gestational age. The lower the birthweight, the lower the nutrient stores and the more important the need for nutrition support. Compared to term infants, preterm infants at term-equivalent age have a higher percentage of body fat, but this diminishes over the next months. Current research findings support expert recommendations that preterm infants should grow, after early postnatal weight loss, similar to the fetus and then term-born infants, which translates to growth approximately parallel to growth chart curves. There is no need for a trade-off between optimum cognition and optimum future health. Each high-risk infant needs individualized nutrition and growth assessments. This review aims to examine infant growth expectations and messaging for parents of preterm and term-born infants within the broader causal framework.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2161831324000541/pdfft?md5=0b96366e3566c2f4f9ce9f54a38b2983&pid=1-s2.0-S2161831324000541-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140775375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Iron Status on Adaptive Immunity and Vaccine Efficacy: A Review","authors":"Nicole U. Stoffel,&nbsp;Hal Drakesmith","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100238","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100238","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Vaccines can prevent infectious diseases, but their efficacy varies, and factors impacting vaccine effectiveness remain unclear. Iron deficiency is the most common nutrient deficiency, affecting &gt;2 billion individuals. It is particularly common in areas with high infectious disease burden and in groups that are routinely vaccinated, such as infants, pregnant women, and the elderly. Recent evidence suggests that iron deficiency and low serum iron (hypoferremia) not only cause anemia but also may impair adaptive immunity and vaccine efficacy. A report of human immunodeficiency caused by defective iron transport underscored the necessity of iron for adaptive immune responses and spurred research in this area. Sufficient iron is essential for optimal production of plasmablasts and IgG responses by human B-cells in vitro and in vivo. The increased metabolism of activated lymphocytes depends on the high-iron acquisition, and hypoferremia, especially when occurring during lymphocyte expansion, adversely affects multiple facets of adaptive immunity, and may lead to prolonged inhibition of T-cell memory. In mice, hypoferremia suppresses the adaptive immune response to influenza infection, resulting in more severe pulmonary disease. In African infants, anemia and/or iron deficiency at the time of vaccination predict decreased response to diphtheria, pertussis, and pneumococcal vaccines, and response to measles vaccine may be increased by iron supplementation. In this review, we examine the emerging evidence that iron deficiency may limit adaptive immunity and vaccine responses. We discuss the molecular mechanisms and evidence from animal and human studies, highlight important unknowns, and propose a framework of key research questions to better understand iron–vaccine interactions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2161831324000723/pdfft?md5=6d1b5af6bdcc9c4fda732d0f0067a131&pid=1-s2.0-S2161831324000723-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140905254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biotin","authors":"Cydne A Perry ,&nbsp;Tammy A Butterick","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100251","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100251","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2161831324000851/pdfft?md5=254011c905fce7411a8de00716c8af50&pid=1-s2.0-S2161831324000851-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141201416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human MicroRNAs Modulated by Diet: A Scoping Review","authors":"Gwen M Chodur,&nbsp;Francene M Steinberg","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100241","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100241","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Because of their role in regulating and fine-tuning gene expression in the posttranscriptional period, microRNA (miRNA) may represent a mediating factor that connects diet and metabolic regulation. Given the vast number of miRNAs and that modulations in miRNA happen in response to a variety of stimuli, a comprehensive registry of miRNAs impacted by diet and the food items that modulate them, would have utility in the identification of miRNA complements for analysis of diet interventions and in helping to establish linkages between the specific impacts of diet components. A scoping literature search of online databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, EMBASE, and Web of Science) was performed. Only studies in human populations, those that used a diet intervention or meal challenge, and those that measured miRNA profiles in the same subject at multiple time points were included. Of the 6167 studies screened, only 25 met the study criteria and were included in the review. Seven studies examined miRNA following a meal challenge, whereas 18 investigated miRNA following a sustained diet intervention. The results demonstrated that miRNA are modulated following a variety of diet interventions and that intensity of miRNA response is greater in metabolically healthy subjects. Heterogeneity in the intensity and length of the diet intervention, the study populations being observed, and the methodology through which target miRNA are identified contribute to a lack of comparability across studies. The findings of this review highlight the need for more study of miRNA responsiveness to intake and provide recommendations for future research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2161831324000759/pdfft?md5=6ae2d4b4151b5dc38ffdabdaca438a78&pid=1-s2.0-S2161831324000759-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140909673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Different Roles of Tocopherols and Tocotrienols in Chemoprevention and Treatment of Prostate Cancer","authors":"Qing Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100240","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The vitamin E family contains α-tocopherol (αT), βT, γT, and δT and α-tocotrienol (TE), βTE, γTE, and δTE. Research has revealed distinct roles of these vitamin E forms in prostate cancer (PCa). The ATBC trial showed that αT at a modest dose significantly decreased PCa mortality among heavy smokers. However, other randomized controlled trials including the Selenium and Vitamin E Cancer Prevention Trial (SELECT) indicate that supplementation of high-dose αT (≥400 IU) does not prevent PCa among nonsmokers. Preclinical cell and animal studies also do not support chemopreventive roles of high-dose αT and offer explanations for increased incidence of early-stage PCa reported in the SELECT. In contrast, accumulating animal studies have demonstrated that γT, δT, γTE, and δTE appear to be effective for preventing early-stage PCa from progression to adenocarcinoma in various PCa models. Existing evidence also support therapeutic roles of γTE and its related combinations against advanced PCa. Mechanistic and cell-based studies show that different forms of vitamin E display varied efficacy, that is, δTE ≥ γTE &gt; δT ≥ γT &gt;&gt; αT, in inhibiting cancer hallmarks and enabling characteristics, including uncontrolled cell proliferation, angiogenesis, and inflammation possibly via blocking 5-lipoxygenase, nuclear factor κB, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α, modulating sphingolipids, and targeting PCa stem cells. Overall, existing evidence suggests that modest αT supplement may be beneficial to smokers and γT, δT, γTE, and δTE are promising agents for PCa prevention for modest-risk to relatively high-risk population. Despite encouraging preclinical evidence, clinical research testing γT, δT, γTE, and δTE for PCa prevention is sparse and should be considered.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2161831324000747/pdfft?md5=25b4c7a217e74acaec417f60ba2f9faf&pid=1-s2.0-S2161831324000747-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140909658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutritional Strategies for Managing Iron Deficiency in Adolescents: Approaches to a Challenging but Common Problem","authors":"Clay T Cohen,&nbsp;Jacquelyn M Powers","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100215","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100215","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Iron deficiency (ID) is a common and challenging problem in adolescence. In order to prevent, recognize, and treat ID in this age range, it is critical to understand the recommended daily intake of iron in relation to an adolescent’s activity, dietary habits, and basal iron losses. Adolescents following vegetarian or vegan diets exclusively rely on plant-based, nonheme iron, which has decreased bioavailability compared with heme iron and requires increased total iron intake. Individuals with disordered eating habits, excessive menstrual blood loss, and certain chronic health conditions (including inflammatory bowel disease and heart failure) are at high risk of ID and the development of symptomatic iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Adolescent athletes and those with sleep and movement disorders may also be more sensitive to changes in iron status. Iron deficiency is typically treated with oral iron supplementation. To maximize iron absorption, oral iron should be administered no more than once daily, ideally in the morning, while avoiding foods and drinks that inhibit iron absorption. Oral iron therapy should be provided for ≥3 mo in the setting of ID to reach a ferritin of 20 ng/mL before discontinuation. Intravenous iron is being increasingly used in this population and has demonstrated efficacy and safety in adolescents. It should be considered in those with persistent ID despite a course of oral iron, severe and/or symptomatic IDA, and chronic inflammatory conditions characterized by decreased gastrointestinal iron absorption.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2161831324000498/pdfft?md5=a278348293c9d74795b6429e875b119b&pid=1-s2.0-S2161831324000498-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140332360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspective: Beyond the Mediterranean Diet—Exploring Latin American, Asian, and African Heritage Diets as Cultural Models of Healthy Eating","authors":"Kelly E LeBlanc ,&nbsp;Sara Baer-Sinnott ,&nbsp;Kristie J Lancaster ,&nbsp;Hannia Campos ,&nbsp;Ka Hei Karen Lau ,&nbsp;Katherine L Tucker ,&nbsp;Lawrence H Kushi ,&nbsp;Walter C Willett","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100221","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100221","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The Mediterranean diet is a well-studied cultural model of healthy eating, yet research on healthy models from other cultures and cuisines has been limited. This perspective article summarizes the components of traditional Latin American, Asian, and African heritage diets, their association with diet quality and markers of health, and implications for nutrition programs and policy. Though these diets differ in specific foods and flavors, we present a common thread that emphasizes healthful plant foods and that is consistent with high dietary quality and low rates of major causes of disability and deaths. In this perspective, we propose that nutrition interventions that incorporate these cultural models of healthy eating show promise, though further research is needed to determine health outcomes and best practices for implementation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2161831324000553/pdfft?md5=bc1fdd69d00d1384bf39f36aae958451&pid=1-s2.0-S2161831324000553-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140801435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of (Poly)phenols on Circadian Clock Gene–Mediated Metabolic Homeostasis in Cultured Mammalian Cells: A Scoping Review","authors":"Noha Sulaimani ,&nbsp;Michael J Houghton ,&nbsp;Maxine P Bonham ,&nbsp;Gary Williamson","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Circadian clocks regulate metabolic homeostasis. Disruption to our circadian clocks, by lifestyle behaviors such as timing of eating and sleeping, has been linked to increased rates of metabolic disorders. There is now considerable evidence that selected dietary (poly)phenols, including flavonoids, phenolic acids and tannins, may modulate metabolic and circadian processes. This review evaluates the effects of (poly)phenols on circadian clock genes and linked metabolic homeostasis in vitro, and potential mechanisms of action, by critically evaluating the literature on mammalian cells. A systematic search was conducted to ensure full coverage of the literature and identified 43 relevant studies addressing the effects of (poly)phenols on cellular circadian processes. Nobiletin and tangeretin, found in citrus, (–)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate from green tea, urolithin A, a gut microbial metabolite from ellagitannins in fruit, curcumin, bavachalcone, cinnamic acid, and resveratrol at low micromolar concentrations all affect circadian molecular processes in multiple types of synchronized cells. Nobiletin emerges as a putative retinoic acid–related orphan receptor (<em>RORα/γ</em>) agonist, leading to induction of the circadian regulator brain and muscle ARNT-like 1 (<em>BMAL1)</em>, and increased period circadian regulator 2 (<em>PER2)</em> amplitude and period. These effects are clear despite substantial variations in the protocols employed, and this review suggests a methodological framework to help future study design in this emerging area of research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2161831324000668/pdfft?md5=f945a9b50d04cb25bbfc399aad5148c0&pid=1-s2.0-S2161831324000668-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140755890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}