Advances in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Effect of Probiotic Supplementation on Intestinal Permeability in Overweight and Obesity: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials and Animal Studies","authors":"Zachary DiMattia ,&nbsp;Janhavi J Damani ,&nbsp;Emily Van Syoc ,&nbsp;Connie J Rogers","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2023.100162","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2023.100162","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Overweight and obesity are associated with increased intestinal permeability, characterized by loss of gut epithelial integrity, resulting in unregulated passage of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and other inflammatory triggers into circulation, i.e., metabolic endotoxemia. In obesity, shifts in the gut microbiome negatively impact intestinal permeability. Probiotics are an intervention that can target the gut microbiome by introducing beneficial microbial species, potentially restoring gut barrier integrity. Currently, the role of probiotic supplementation in ameliorating obesity- and overweight-associated increases in gut permeability has not been reviewed. This systematic review aimed to summarize findings from both animal and clinical studies that evaluated the effect of probiotic supplementation on obesity-induced impairment in intestinal permeability (International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews, CRD42022363538). A literature search was conducted using PubMed (Medline), Web of Science, and CAB Direct from origin until August 2023 using keywords of intestinal permeability, overweight or obesity, and probiotic supplementation. Of 920 records, 26 eligible records were included, comprising 12 animal and 14 clinical studies. Clinical trials ranged from 3 to 26 wk and were mostly parallel-arm (<em>n</em> = 13) or crossover (<em>n</em> = 1) design. In both animal and clinical studies, plasma/serum LPS was the most common measure of intestinal permeability. Eleven of 12 animal studies reported a positive effect of probiotic supplementation in reducing intestinal permeability. However, results from clinical trials were inconsistent, with half reporting reductions in serum LPS and half reporting no differences after probiotic supplementation. <em>Bifidobacterium</em>, <em>Lactobacillus</em>, and <em>Akkermansia</em> emerged as the most common genera in probiotic formulations among the animal and clinical studies that yielded positive results, suggesting that specific bacteria may be more effective at reducing intestinal permeability and improving gut barrier function. However, better standardization of strain use, dosage, duration, and the delivery matrix is needed to fully understand the probiotic impact on intestinal permeability in individuals with overweight and obesity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2161831323014497/pdfft?md5=081b52cca58a949bd29f80775ec205e4&pid=1-s2.0-S2161831323014497-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138627671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2161-8313(24)00010-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S2161-8313(24)00010-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2161831324000103/pdfft?md5=1fc445be2d113aa1fcb4b3f3c5fbdb87&pid=1-s2.0-S2161831324000103-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139493222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human Milk Bioactive Components and Child Growth and Body Composition in the First 2 Years: A Systematic Review","authors":"Meredith (Merilee) Brockway ,&nbsp;Allison I. Daniel ,&nbsp;Sarah M. Reyes ,&nbsp;Julia M. Gauglitz ,&nbsp;Matthew Granger ,&nbsp;Joann M. McDermid ,&nbsp;Deborah Chan ,&nbsp;Rebecca Refvik ,&nbsp;Karanbir K. Sidhu ,&nbsp;Suad Musse ,&nbsp;Pooja P. Patel ,&nbsp;Caroline Monnin ,&nbsp;Larisa Lotoski ,&nbsp;Donna T. Geddes ,&nbsp;Fyezah Jehan ,&nbsp;Patrick Kolsteren ,&nbsp;Lars Bode ,&nbsp;Kamilla G. Eriksen ,&nbsp;Lindsay H. Allen ,&nbsp;Daniela Hampel ,&nbsp;Meghan B. Azad","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2023.09.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2023.09.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Human milk (HM) contains macronutrients, micronutrients, and a multitude of other bioactive factors, which can have a long-term impact on infant growth and development. We systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Web of Science to synthesize evidence published between 1980 and 2022 on HM components and anthropometry through 2 y of age among term-born infants. From 9992 abstracts screened, 141 articles were included and categorized based on their reporting of HM micronutrients, macronutrients, or bioactive components. Bioactives including hormones, HM oligosaccharides (HMOs), and immunomodulatory components are reported here, based on 75 articles from 69 unique studies reporting observations from 9980 dyads. Research designs, milk collection strategies, sampling times, geographic and socioeconomic settings, reporting practices, and outcomes varied considerably. Meta-analyses were not possible because data collection times and reporting were inconsistent among the studies included. Few measured infant HM intake, adjusted for confounders, precisely captured breastfeeding exclusivity, or adequately described HM collection protocols. Only 5 studies (6%) had high overall quality scores. Hormones were the most extensively examined bioactive with 46 articles (<em>n =</em> 6773 dyads), compared with 13 (<em>n =</em> 2640 dyads) for HMOs and 12 (<em>n =</em> 1422 dyads) for immunomodulatory components. Two studies conducted untargeted metabolomics. Leptin and adiponectin demonstrated inverse associations with infant growth, although several studies found no associations. No consistent associations were found between individual HMOs and infant growth outcomes. Among immunomodulatory components in HM, IL-6 demonstrated inverse relationships with infant growth. Current research on HM bioactives is largely inconclusive and is insufficient to address the complex composition of HM. Future research should ideally capture HM intake, use biologically relevant anthropometrics, and integrate components across categories, embracing a systems biology approach to better understand how HM components work independently and synergistically to influence infant growth.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2161831323013881/pdfft?md5=45685ad50c849c9e37ced0b189253e90&pid=1-s2.0-S2161831323013881-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41166766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspective: Potatoes, Quality Carbohydrates, and Dietary Patterns","authors":"Stephen A. Fleming,&nbsp;Jenny R. Morris","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2023.10.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2023.10.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Potatoes have long been a staple food in many cultures and cuisines, but they have gained a reputation as a low-quality carbohydrate source that should be avoided in the diet. Historically, this view has been justified by citing the glycemic index of potatoes as the main indicator of their quality. However, their nutrient composition should also be considered. The association of potatoes with energy-dense Western dietary patterns has also contributed to a perception that potatoes are inherently unhealthy. Although some studies have suggested an association between potato consumption and increased risk of health problems, such as type 2 diabetes, these associations may be confounded by fried potato intake and are strongest at intake levels higher than average consumption rates. Epidemiologic data suggest total potato intake is not a health risk in Eastern populations and can be consumed as part of a healthy diet. Furthermore, clinical trial data demonstrate that potatoes’ health impact, irrespective of preparation, is similar to legumes and comparable with refined grains, with few deleterious effects found. These findings highlight the importance of moving beyond the glycemic index and adopting a more nuanced evaluation of the epidemiologic data to better understand the health impact of potato intake. Ultimately, the negative reputation of potatoes stems from an overinterpretation of their glycemic index and association with unhealthy Western dietary patterns, as well as oversimplification of the epidemiologic data. By considering carbohydrate quality, it becomes clear that potatoes can be part of a healthy diet given the proper consideration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2161831323013996/pdfft?md5=540ba391543b4f1ffd5a8fbdf2b283dd&pid=1-s2.0-S2161831323013996-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136127892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “The Potential Cardiometabolic Effects of Long-Chain ω-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Recent Updates and Controversies” [Adv Nutr 14(4) (2023) 612–628]","authors":"Jae Hyun Bae ,&nbsp;Hyunjung Lim ,&nbsp;Soo Lim","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2023.10.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2023.10.006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2161831323013959/pdfft?md5=bc726efa1b0bf22de545b8f2801b6b71&pid=1-s2.0-S2161831323013959-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136159978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are Major a Posteriori Dietary Patterns Reproducible in the Italian Population? A Systematic Review and Quantitative Assessment","authors":"Rachele Bianco ,&nbsp;Michela C Speciani ,&nbsp;Maria Parpinel ,&nbsp;Matteo Tesi ,&nbsp;Monica Ferraroni ,&nbsp;Valeria Edefonti","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2023.100165","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2023.100165","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Although a posteriori dietary patterns (DPs) naturally reflect actual dietary behavior in a population, their specificity limits generalizability. Among other issues, the absence of a standardized approach to analysis have further hindered discovery of genuinely reproducible DPs across studies from the same/similar populations. A systematic review on a posteriori DPs from principal component analysis or exploratory factor analysis (EFA) across study populations from Italy provides the basis to explore assessment and drivers of DP reproducibility in a case study of epidemiological interest. First to our knowledge, we carried out a qualitative (i.e., similarity plots built on text descriptions) and quantitative (i.e., congruence coefficients, CCs) assessment of DP reproducibility. The 52 selected articles were published in 2001–2022 and represented dietary habits in 1965–2022 from 70% of the Italian regions; children/adolescents, pregnancy/breastfeeding women, and elderly were considered in 15 articles. The included studies mainly derived EFA-based DPs on food groups from food frequency questionnaires and were of “good quality” according to standard scales. Based on text descriptions, the 186 identified DPs were collapsed into 113 (69 food-based and 44 nutrient-based) apparently different DPs (39.3% reduction), later summarized along with the 3 “Mmixed-Salad/Vegetable-based Patterns,” “Pasta-and-Meat-oriented/Starchy Patterns,” and “Ddairy Products” and “Ssweets/Animal-based Patterns” groups, by matching similar food-based and nutrient-based groups of collapsed DPs. Based on CCs (215 CCs, 68 DPs, 18 articles using the same input lists), all pairs of DPs showing the same/similar names were at least “fairly similar” and ∼81% were “equivalent.” The 30 “equivalent” DPs ended up into 6 genuinely different DPs (80% reduction) that targeted fruits and (raw) vegetables, pasta and meat combined, and cheese and deli meats. Such reduction reflects the same study design, list of input variables, and DP identification method followed across articles from the same groups. This review was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42022341037.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2161831323014527/pdfft?md5=cf8c541017415303d3a9fc2c9fe3cd48&pid=1-s2.0-S2161831323014527-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139038266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship of Circulating Choline and Choline-Related Metabolite Levels with Health Outcomes: A Scoping Review of Genome-Wide Association Studies and Mendelian Randomization Studies","authors":"Lauren E Louck ,&nbsp;Kelly C Cara ,&nbsp;Kevin Klatt ,&nbsp;Taylor C Wallace ,&nbsp;Mei Chung","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2023.100164","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2023.100164","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Choline is essential for proper liver, muscle, brain, lipid metabolism, cellular membrane composition, and repair. Understanding genetic determinants of circulating choline metabolites can help identify new determinants of choline metabolism, requirements, and their link to disease endpoints. We conducted a scoping review to identify studies assessing the association of genetic polymorphisms on circulating choline and choline-related metabolite concentrations and subsequent associations with health outcomes. This study follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement scoping review extension. Literature was searched to September 28, 2022, in 4 databases: Embase, MEDLINE, Web of Science, and the Biological Science Index. Studies of any duration in humans were considered. Any genome-wide association study (GWAS) investigating genetic variant associations with circulating choline and/or choline-related metabolites and any Mendelian randomization (MR) study investigating the association of genetically predicted circulating choline and/or choline-related metabolites with any health outcome were considered. Qualitative evidence is presented in summary tables. From 1248 total reviewed articles, 53 were included (GWAS = 27; MR = 26). Forty-two circulating choline-related metabolites were tested in association with genetic variants in GWAS studies, primarily trimethylamine N-oxide, betaine, sphingomyelins, lysophosphatidylcholines, and phosphatidylcholines. MR studies investigated associations between 52 total unique choline metabolites and 66 unique health outcomes. Of these, 47 significant associations were reported between 16 metabolites (primarily choline, lysophosphatidylcholines, phosphatidylcholines, betaine, and sphingomyelins) and 27 health outcomes including cancer, cardiovascular, metabolic, bone, and brain-related outcomes. Some articles reported significant associations between multiple choline types and the same health outcome. Genetically predicted circulating choline and choline-related metabolite concentrations are associated with a wide variety of health outcomes. Further research is needed to assess how genetic variability influences choline metabolism and whether individuals with lower genetically predicted circulating choline and choline-related metabolite concentrations would benefit from a dietary intervention or supplementation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2161831323014515/pdfft?md5=8d8b26967a28656f6646caf759b6fe33&pid=1-s2.0-S2161831323014515-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138833261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High Dosage Omega-3 Fatty Acids Outperform Existing Pharmacological Options for Migraine Prophylaxis: A Network Meta-Analysis","authors":"Ping-Tao Tseng ,&nbsp;Bing-Yan Zeng ,&nbsp;Jiann-Jy Chen ,&nbsp;Chun-Hsien Kuo ,&nbsp;Bing-Syuan Zeng ,&nbsp;John S Kuo ,&nbsp;Yu-Shian Cheng ,&nbsp;Cheuk-Kwan Sun ,&nbsp;Yi-Cheng Wu ,&nbsp;Yu-Kang Tu ,&nbsp;Brendon Stubbs ,&nbsp;Andre F Carvalho ,&nbsp;Chih-Sung Liang ,&nbsp;Tien-Yu Chen ,&nbsp;Chih-Wei Hsu ,&nbsp;Mein-Woei Suen ,&nbsp;Chun-Pai Yang ,&nbsp;Shih-Pin Hsu ,&nbsp;Yen-Wen Chen ,&nbsp;Yow-Ling Shiue ,&nbsp;Pao-Yen Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2023.100163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2023.100163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Migraine is a highly prevalent neurologic disorder with prevalence rates ranging from 9% to 18% worldwide. Current pharmacologic prophylactic strategies for migraine have limited efficacy and acceptability, with relatively low response rates of 40% to 50% and limited safety profiles. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are considered promising therapeutic agents for migraine prophylaxis. The aim of this network meta-analysis (NMA) was to compare the efficacy and acceptability of various dosages of EPA/DHA and other current Food and Drug Administration–approved or guideline-recommended prophylactic pharmacologic interventions for migraine. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were eligible for inclusion if they enrolled participants with a diagnosis of either episodic or chronic migraine. All NMA procedures were conducted under the frequentist model. The primary outcomes assessed were <em>1</em>) changes in migraine frequency and <em>2</em>) acceptability (i.e., dropout for any reason). Secondary outcomes included response rates, changes in migraine severity, changes in the frequency of using rescue medications, and frequency of any adverse events. Forty RCTs were included (<em>N</em> = 6616; mean age = 35.0 y; 78.9% women). Our analysis showed that supplementation with high dosage EPA/DHA yields the highest decrease in migraine frequency [standardized mean difference (SMD): −1.36; 95% confidence interval (CI): −2.32, −0.39 compared with placebo] and the largest decrease in migraine severity (SMD: −2.23; 95% CI: −3.17, −1.30 compared with placebo) in all studied interventions. Furthermore, supplementation with high dosage EPA/DHA showed the most favorable acceptability rates (odds ratio: 1.00; 95% CI: 0.06, 17.41 compared with placebo) of all examined prophylactic treatments. This study provides compelling evidence that high dosage EPA/DHA supplementation can be considered a first-choice treatment of migraine prophylaxis because this treatment displayed the highest efficacy and highest acceptability of all studied treatments. This study was registered in PROSPERO as CRD42022319577.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2161831323014503/pdfft?md5=e61da22842303f07d0bbd9ee679845b9&pid=1-s2.0-S2161831323014503-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138809541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Docosahexaenoic acid","authors":"Caroline Richard ,&nbsp;Jennifer M Monk","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2023.100161","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2023.100161","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2161831323014485/pdfft?md5=37b95830b40d000e89727d91f8cfe35b&pid=1-s2.0-S2161831323014485-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138483511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dairy Intake and Risk of Cognitive Decline and Dementia: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies","authors":"Fanny Villoz ,&nbsp;Tommaso Filippini ,&nbsp;Natalia Ortega ,&nbsp;Doris Kopp-Heim ,&nbsp;Trudy Voortman ,&nbsp;Manuel R. Blum ,&nbsp;Cinzia Del Giovane ,&nbsp;Marco Vinceti ,&nbsp;Nicolas Rodondi ,&nbsp;Patricia O. Chocano-Bedoya","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2023.100160","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2023.100160","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Dairy intake may influence cognition through several molecular pathways. However, epidemiologic studies yield inconsistent results, and no dose-response meta-analysis has been conducted yet.</p><p>Therefore, we performed a systematic review with a dose-response meta-analysis about the association between dairy intake and cognitive decline or incidence of dementia.</p><p>We investigated prospective studies with a follow-up ≥6 mo on cognitive decline or dementia incidence in adults without known chronic conditions through a systematic search of Embase, Medline, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Google Scholar from inception to 11 July 2023. We evaluated the dose-response association using a random-effects model.</p><p>We identified 15 eligible cohort studies with &gt;300,000 participants and a median follow-up of 11.4 y. We observed a negative nonlinear association between cognitive decline/dementia incidence and dairy intake as assessed through the quantity of consumption, with the nadir at ∼150 g/d (risk ratio: 0.88; 95% confidence interval: 0.78, 0.99). Conversely, we found an almost linear negative association when we considered the frequency of consumption (risk ratio for linear trend: 0.84; 95% confidence interval: 0.77, 0.92 for 1 time/d increase of dairy products). Stratified analysis by dairy products showed different shapes of the association with linear inverse relationship for milk intake, whereas possibly nonlinear for cheese. The inverse association was limited to Asian populations characterized by generally lower intake of dairy products, compared with the null association reported by European studies.</p><p>In conclusion, our study suggests a nonlinear inverse association between dairy intake and cognitive decline or dementia, also depending on dairy types and population characteristics, although the heterogeneity was still high in overall and several subgroup analyses. Additional studies should be performed on this topic, including a wider range of intake and types of dairy products, to confirm a potential preventing role of dairy intake on cognitive decline and identify ideal intake doses.</p><p>This review was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42020192395.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":9.3,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2161831323014473/pdfft?md5=6a7122d5d18130d8b8bc149189877d72&pid=1-s2.0-S2161831323014473-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138479532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}