Advances in Nutrition最新文献

{"title":"Digital and Technology-Enabled Approaches in Dietary Assessment: Addressing Bias, Error, and Feasibility in Population- and Community-Based Research","authors":"Caroline A Joyce,&nbsp;Bess L Caswell,&nbsp;Reina Engle-Stone,&nbsp;Aulo Gelli,&nbsp;Christine P Stewart","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2026.100667","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2026.100667","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dietary intake data are essential for understanding diet–disease relationships, informing policy, and evaluating nutrition interventions. This is particularly challenging in population- and community-based research, where varying dietary patterns, motivation to participate, and practical constraints limit the feasibility of highly controlled dietary assessment methods. Advances in digital tools, including web- and smartphone-based assessment, image- and speech-based methods, wearable sensors, and artificial intelligence are transforming how dietary data are collected, processed, and analyzed. This narrative review examines how digital and technology-enabled approaches impact key sources of bias and error throughout the stages of dietary assessment, from sample selection and participant reporting to food classification and nutrient composition assignment. We also assess the feasibility of implementing these approaches in large-scale research settings by considering resource requirements, respondent burden, and scalability. Evidence supporting these technologies varies considerably across applications, populations, and settings, and relatively few approaches have been evaluated in large-scale or low-resource research contexts. Although many technologies can reduce specific sources of bias and measurement error, they may also introduce new challenges, such as selection bias and higher development or implementation costs. These trade-offs are especially pronounced in large and heterogeneous study populations. Constraints related to connectivity, device access, and technical capacity may further limit implementation in low-resource settings. While technological innovations offer significant opportunities to improve dietary assessment, selecting the appropriate assessment method requires careful consideration of the trade-offs between accuracy and feasibility in the intended research context.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"17 7","pages":"Article 100667"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148139868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal Evaluation from Birth to Adolescence of Soy Protein–Based Infant Formula Compared with Cow Milk–Based Formula and Breastfeeding: A Comprehensive Summary of Findings","authors":"Larissa L da Cruz,&nbsp;Julie Shlisky,&nbsp;B Jayne Bellando,&nbsp;Jin-Ran Chen,&nbsp;Tim Edwards,&nbsp;Chelsey Fiecke,&nbsp;Linda J Larson-Prior,&nbsp;Lana McCorkle,&nbsp;Mary Beth Moore,&nbsp;Chayla Slaton,&nbsp;Sarah Sobik,&nbsp;Keshari Thakali,&nbsp;Mara Whiteside,&nbsp;Aline Andres","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2026.100669","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2026.100669","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Breastfeeding is widely recognized as the gold standard food for infants. However, many families use infant formulas, including soy-based products, which have not been studied for their long-term safety and developmental effects. The Beginnings Study and the Beginnings Follow-Up Study represent one of the most comprehensive prospective cohorts designed to examine how early infant feeding is related to growth, body composition, cardiovascular, microbiome, and skeletal outcomes, neurodevelopment, and reproductive maturation through adolescence. Conducted in Arkansas, United States, the study enrolled 600 healthy, term infants fed soy-based infant formula, cow milk–based infant formula, or human milk during infancy (200 per group). Of these, 385 participants (73.2%) completed the 6-year visit, and 190 (31.7% of enrolled and 49.4% of 6-year visit completers) participated in the 14-year Follow-Up Study. Breastfeeding was associated with slower weight gain velocity during infancy, and consistent lower BMI, fat mass index, and waist circumference extending into adolescence, than formula feeding. Formula-fed infants had comparable results with breastfed infants for skeletal mineralization, most neurocognitive parameters, and reproductive organ development. However, cardiovascular autonomic measures, including heart rate and vagal tone, differed by feeding group, with some sex-specific effects. Novel contributions included analyses of the gut microbiome and metabolomics profiles in early life, which revealed distinct dietary signatures, as well as neurodevelopmental assessments using electroencephalography, which highlighted transient differences in language-related brain responses among feeding groups. Together, these results demonstrate more similarities than differences between soy-based infant formula and cow milk–based infant formula in health outcomes and support the lasting benefits of breastfeeding. This evidence can help guide health care professionals in infant feeding recommendations and highlight critical windows to prevent obesity and promote lifelong health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"17 7","pages":"Article 100669"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148201283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nutrition 2026 – Join The Global Nutrition Community in Washington D.C. (USA), July 25-28","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S2161-8313(26)00120-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2161-8313(26)00120-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"17 7","pages":"Article 100706"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148541447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex Differences in Omega-3 and Omega-6 PUFA Status: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Cross-Sectional Comparisons","authors":"Dandan Li,&nbsp;Cherie Shum,&nbsp;Ariel Khoo,&nbsp;Tanya Shi,&nbsp;Miranda R Green,&nbsp;Sonia Blanco Mejia,&nbsp;Tauseef A Khan,&nbsp;Laura Chiavaroli,&nbsp;John L Sievenpiper,&nbsp;Adam H Metherel","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2026.100670","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2026.100670","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sex hormones may regulate the biosynthesis of PUFAs; however, the extent and consistency of sex differences in different lipid pools remain unclear. We aimed to update and synthesize evidence on sex differences in circulating and tissue omega (ω)-3 (<em>n–</em>3) and ω-6 (<em>n</em>–6) PUFA biomarkers in healthy adults with a mean age ≤50 y. We systematically searched Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials through to 21 February, 2026, for cross-sectional reports of <em>n</em>–3 and <em>n</em>–6 PUFA levels for both sexes in plasma total lipids, phospholipids, triglycerides, and cholesteryl esters (CE); erythrocyte total lipids, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylethanolamine; or adipose tissue. Unadjusted mean differences (MD) between male and female <em>n</em>–3 and <em>n</em>–6 PUFA levels were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis. We identified 67 eligible publications, including 85 comparisons from observational studies and clinical trials, yielding a synthesis of 71 PUFA biomarkers. By absolute difference in percentage of total fatty acids, we observed, in males compared with females, higher <em>n</em>–3 docosapentaenoic acid (DPA<em>n–</em>3) [MD = 0.19%, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.10%, 0.27%, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001, <em>I</em>^<em>2</em> = 74%] and lower DHA (MD = −0.32%, 95% CI: –0.46%, –0.18%, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.00001, <em>I</em>^<em>2</em> = 59%) in total erythrocytes and in total plasma. Males had lower plasma linoleic acid and higher CE γ-linolenic acid and dihomo-γ-linolenic acid. Heterogeneity in total erythrocyte EPA and DHA was explained by study location, with sex differences in erythrocyte DHA driven by studies in North America and Europe. The certainty of the evidence for all outcomes was graded as low or very low. Future studies should consider sex as a modifier of <em>n</em>–3 and <em>n</em>–6 PUFA status in adult males and females of childbearing age. Higher DPA<em>n–</em>3 and lower DHA in males point to important biological differences in this portion of the <em>n</em>–3 PUFA biosynthesis pathway that require further investigation.</div><div>This trial was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42023452859.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"17 7","pages":"Article 100670"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148213554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promise and Uncertainty of Intermittent Fasting for Aging Populations","authors":"Hassan S Dashti,&nbsp;Christine S Ritchie","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2026.100643","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2026.100643","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"17 7","pages":"Article 100643"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147824271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Total Fat and Fatty Acid Composition of Preterm Human Milk: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis","authors":"Mindy A Patterson,&nbsp;Derek C Miketinas,&nbsp;Vanessa K Thyne,&nbsp;Dixie L Carter,&nbsp;Maria Fernanda Nunez,&nbsp;Katie E Niemeier,&nbsp;Jennifer N Kinnaman,&nbsp;Tonya M Bender,&nbsp;Ariana DL Bailey","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2026.100661","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2026.100661","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Preterm human milk (HM) is abundant in fat and fatty acids (FAs) that contribute to overall energy intake and are vital for growth, cell integrity, and brain development. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analyses is to quantify the amount of total fat and FAs including long-chain FAs in preterm HM. Ebsco, PubMed, and Scopus databases were searched to July 2023 measuring total fat and FAs in preterm HM. Three reviewers (DCM, MAP, &amp; ADLB), working independently, screened all titles and abstracts to identify studies meeting inclusion criteria [preterm &lt;37 wk; Human Development Index &gt;0.8; cross-sectional, case-controlled (<em>n</em> &gt; 1), prospective cohort, and randomized clinical trials; English language]. Random effects models were used to estimate mean total fat and FA content across studies. Data were aggregated for studies reporting repeated measures. Heterogeneity was estimated using <em>I</em>^<em>2</em> and publication bias using Kendall tau rank correlation coefficient. Of the 884 articles identified, a total of 69 original studies were included for the meta-analysis comprising an estimated 1871 preterm infants (gestational age range: 23.2–36.6 wk). Mean (95% confidence interval) total fat was 3.76 (3.57, 3.95) g/100 mL, which varied across colostrum [&lt;5 d; 3.04 (2.51, 3.57) g/100 mL], transition [5–14 d; 3.74 (3.47, 4.00) g/100 mL], and mature [&gt;14 d, 3.85 (3.61, 4.08) g/100 mL] preterm HM. The creamatocrit method provided the highest total fat composition followed by infrared, other/not-specified, then gravimetric. Total mean FA content from 23 studies (836 preterm infants) also varied, where the most abundant was oleic acid (18:1<em>n</em>–9; 35.7% w/w FA) and palmitic acid (16:0; 22.05% w/w FA). The total mean essential FA concentrations were 13.7% w/w for 18:2 <em>n</em>–6 and 1.0% w/w for 18:3<em>n</em>–3. This systematic review provides updated estimates of total fat and FA concentrations in preterm HM, although high variability among study design and quality, analytical methodologies, and data reporting were found across studies.</div><div>This trial was registered at PROSPERO as CRD42023445191.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"17 7","pages":"Article 100661"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148044324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traditional Mediterranean Lifestyle: From a Heritage to a Legacy as an Inspirational Roadmap to a New Era","authors":"Rena I Kosti,&nbsp;Ioanna Panagiota Kalafati,&nbsp;Matina Kouvari","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2026.100664","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2026.100664","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Grounded in the field of nutrition anthropology, the present manuscript introduces 3 core pillars of the traditional Mediterranean lifestyle: cheerful frugality, belongingness, and purpose in life. These foundational components are integral to Mediterranean culture and have historically shaped food selection, eating, and consumption patterns, depicting the harmonious human-nature-human coexistence. Specifically, the proposed core pillars highlight the role of alignment with natural rhythms in fostering cheerful frugality, the contribution of belongingness to social cohesion, and the influence of spirituality and religiosity in cultivating purpose in life. Together, these 3 pillars form a dynamic system that induces dispositional mindfulness, supporting and enhancing the salutogenic effect of the traditional Mediterranean lifestyle - beyond foods alone. Dispositional mindfulness emerges as the key tool that directs the interaction of these 3 pillars toward the traditional Mediterranean diet characteristic of moderation. Building upon this triptych and the crucial role of dispositional mindfulness, the manuscript proposes a roadmap to moderation, grounded in the ancient Greek concepts of <em>autarkeia</em> – self-sufficiency, and <em>enkrateia</em> – self-control. Within this perspective, <em>autarkeia</em> reframes frugality as cheerfulness, belongingness as meaningful connection, and purpose in life as a stable psychological resource. In this sense, mindfulness is suggested as a coping strategy for stressful situations with contemporary relevance for health-promoting lifestyles as the key tool for moderation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"17 7","pages":"Article 100664"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148102354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review of Coping Strategies to Prevent and Mitigate Food Insecurity in Households with Children","authors":"Olivia R Romanovich-Brown,&nbsp;Bethany McGowan,&nbsp;Analí Morales-Juárez,&nbsp;Heather A Eicher-Miller","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2026.100665","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2026.100665","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Food insecurity occurs when household members experience a change in their diets due to limited resources. Compared with all households, food insecurity is more prevalent among those with children in the United States. In approximately half of those households, children did not directly experience food insecurity, indicating that coping strategies, or actions to manage food insecurity, may help prevent this situation by limiting changes to the quality and quantity of the diet. The aim of this scoping review is to summarize and examine documented coping strategies used by low-income households with children in the United States and provide insights for interventions that could improve food security. PubMed, CINAHL, Scopus, and PsycINFO were searched up to January 2026. Two independent reviewers screened articles in Covidence through title/abstract and full-text stages using predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Conflicts were reconciled through discussion to reach a consensus. Results and key themes of each study were extracted and synthesized narratively regarding coping strategies to manage food security. Twenty-five studies were identified through the screening process, and 5 key themes were identified: food acquisition, food management, financial coping, reliance on support from family members or friends, and coping strategies implemented by children. Most studies focused on strategies used by mothers and parents, whereas others examined strategies used by the entire household or by children. The findings suggest that multiple members of food-insecure households with children use coping strategies, providing insights for future interventions to improve food security.</div><div>The protocol for this review is registered with Open Science Framework, and its registration DOI is <span><span>10.17605/OSF.IO/H7TCF</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"17 7","pages":"Article 100665"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148139813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reply to L Zhang et al.","authors":"Zhi-Tong Li,&nbsp;Qi-Jun Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2026.100671","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2026.100671","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"17 7","pages":"Article 100671"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148213488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Letter to the Editor: Reconsidering the Clinical Role of the Prognostic Nutritional Index in Cancer","authors":"Longying Zhang,&nbsp;Lifen Zhao,&nbsp;Lina Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2026.100672","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2026.100672","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"17 7","pages":"Article 100672"},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148213500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}