Zhe Yang , Na Li , Hong Cui , Borui Liu , Xue Wang , Ling Zhang , Xiaochuan Wang , Lu Zheng , Xinyue Yang , Shuqi Wu , Jiajin Hu , Deliang Wen
{"title":"Influence of the Interaction between Genetic Factors and Breastfeeding on Children’s Weight Status: A Systematic Review","authors":"Zhe Yang , Na Li , Hong Cui , Borui Liu , Xue Wang , Ling Zhang , Xiaochuan Wang , Lu Zheng , Xinyue Yang , Shuqi Wu , Jiajin Hu , Deliang Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100312","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100312","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Breastfeeding may interact with other risk factors and have a combined influence on child growth. This systematic review aimed to examine the interaction between genetic factors and breastfeeding and how their combination is associated with children weight status. Four databases were searched until August 2024, and 8 eligible studies were identified. The fat mass and obesity associated (<em>FTO</em>) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ2 (<em>PPARG2</em>) genes were the most examined genes. Although the results of interactions between breastfeeding and genetics factors on children’s weight status were inconsistent, some of studies reported that breastfeeding or exclusive breastfeeding attenuated the disadvantageous association between the risk alleles of the genes (higher obesity-specific genetic risk score for a multiple-gene study) and overdevelopment of children’s body weight. These findings support the <span>WHO</span> recommendations for prolonged breastfeeding and further suggest breastfeeding interventions to prevent childhood obesity may be more effective in populations with a disadvantageous genetic predisposition.</div><div>This review was registered in PROSPERO as CRD42023448365.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"15 11","pages":"Article 100312"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142402155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Invitation for Nominations for 2025","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100324","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100324","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"15 11","pages":"Article 100324"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142653123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Perdana ST Suyoto , Nindya P Pamungkas , Jeanne HM de Vries , Edith JM Feskens
{"title":"Associations between Variability in Between- and Within-Day Dietary Intake with Adiposity and Glucose Homeostasis in Adults: A Systematic Review","authors":"Perdana ST Suyoto , Nindya P Pamungkas , Jeanne HM de Vries , Edith JM Feskens","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100310","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100310","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This systematic review aims to comprehensively evaluate the literature regarding the impact of variations in dietary intake, both between- and within-day, on adiposity and glucose metabolism. We included observational and experimental articles obtained from PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and gray literature until 9 October, 2023, evaluating the impact of between- or within-day variations in meal, energy, or macronutrient intake on these outcomes. Our focus was on adults aged ≥18 y, spanning both healthy individuals and those with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Given the diverse range of exposures, treatments, and outcomes among the selected articles, we chose a qualitative synthesis approach to effectively analyze the data. Eighty articles from 43 observational and 37 experimental studies were included, involving 89,178 participants. Patterns of dietary intake variation were identified and systematically organized into distinct categories based on similarities. Between-day variations in dietary intake consisted of between-day variations in both the quantity consumed and meal timing. Meanwhile, within-day variations encompassed factors such as eating window, meal omission, within-day meal timing, within-day variation in dietary intake quantity, and temporal distribution. Despite mixed results, time-restricted eating was generally associated with lower adiposity. However, limited control for total daily energy intake (TDEI) suggests that the contribution of lower energy intake cannot be conclusively excluded. Conversely, the adverse effect of meal omission on glucose parameters was consistently supported by randomized trials. Interestingly, the results showed that consuming a substantial portion of TDEI in the morning may increase the likelihood of observing improvements in adiposity. Furthermore, inconsistencies in outcomes across articles examining the effects in healthy compared with T2DM populations, or in energy-sufficient compared with deficient individuals, indicate potential condition-specific effects. These findings support the need for further investigation into the effects of between- and within-day variations in dietary intake to better understand their impact on adiposity and glucose homeostasis.</div><div>This review was registered in PROSPERO as CRD42020214307.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"15 11","pages":"Article 100310"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142402154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liana L Guarneiri , Caryn G Adams , Bibiana Garcia-Jackson , Katie Koecher , Meredith L Wilcox , Kevin C Maki
{"title":"Effects of Varying Protein Amounts and Types on Diet-Induced Thermogenesis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Liana L Guarneiri , Caryn G Adams , Bibiana Garcia-Jackson , Katie Koecher , Meredith L Wilcox , Kevin C Maki","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100332","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100332","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Protein is the most thermogenic macronutrient, but it is unclear how different amounts and types of protein impact diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT). The purpose of this meta-analysis was to compare the impact of isocaloric meals/diets containing different amounts or types of protein on energy metabolism. Databases were searched in June 2024 for studies that compare DIT or total daily energy expenditure (TDEE) in response to isocaloric acute meals or longer-term diets containing different amounts or types of protein. After identifying 3894 records, 52 studies were included. Standardized mean difference (SMD) estimates and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for each outcome. In acute studies, intake of higher compared with lower-protein meals resulted in greater DIT (SMD: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.26, 0.65; <em>P</em> < 0.001) and TDEE (SMD: 0.52; 95% CI: 0.30, 0.73; <em>P</em> < 0.001). Notably, the subgroup analysis indicated that this effect on DIT was statistically significant for studies involving participants with normal weight but not overweight/obesity, although it is not clear if this finding was a true effect or because of study design characteristics. In chronic studies (ranging from 4 d to 1 y), intake of higher compared with lower-protein diets resulted in greater TDEE (SMD: 0.29; 95% CI: 0.10, 0.48; <em>P =</em> 0.003) and resting energy expenditure (SMD: 0.18; 95% CI: 0.01, 0.35; <em>P =</em> 0.039), but no differences in DIT (SMD: 0.10; 95% CI: –0.08, 0.28; <em>P =</em> 0.27). There was no evidence that different types of protein impacted energy metabolism. Higher protein meals/diets increase components of energy expenditure.</div><div>This trial was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (<span><span>https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>; PROSPERO 2023) as CRD42023389642.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"15 12","pages":"Article 100332"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142565439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Breath of Fresh Air: Perspectives on Inhaled Nutrients and Bacteria to Improve Human Health","authors":"Flávia Fayet-Moore , Stephen R Robinson","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100333","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100333","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We propose that the human respiratory system and olfactory pathways sequester airborne nutrients (vitamins, fatty acids, and trace minerals) that are beneficial for health, which we term “<em>aeronutrients.</em>” In addition, airborne bacteria, termed “<em>aeromicrobes</em>,” have the potential for positive health effects by improving species diversity in the microbiotas of the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. These concepts have implications for people living in urban areas or those who have limited access to nature, such as astronauts exposed for long periods to highly filtered air that may be depleted of aeronutrients and aeromicrobes. The possibility that fresh air contributes to human nutrition and health may stimulate a re-evaluation of guidelines pertaining to nutrition and access to natural environments, and will open new avenues of scientific enquiry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"15 12","pages":"Article 100333"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142565438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Liang Zhang , Fang Wang , Syoichi Tashiro , Peng Ju Liu
{"title":"Effects of Dietary Approaches and Exercise Interventions on Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Network Meta-analysis","authors":"Liang Zhang , Fang Wang , Syoichi Tashiro , Peng Ju Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100330","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100330","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although lifestyle interventions are recommended as the frontline therapeutic strategy for women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), the optimal dietary regimen or form of exercise has yet to be definitively established. We aimed to compare the effectiveness of lifestyle therapies for GDM. Four databases (PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library) were systematically searched by multiple researchers for randomized controlled trials (RCTs). RCTs comparing lifestyle therapies to treat GDM with control or another treatment were included. Data extraction and synthesis were performed, estimating mean differences (MDs) or relative risk (RR) through pair-wise and network meta-analysis with a randomized or fixed-effects model when appropriate. The primary outcomes were maternal glucose control, birth weight of newborns, macrosomia and preterm birth rate, and rate of need for insulin therapy. In total, 39 trials with information obtained from 2712 women assessed 15 treatments. After sensitivity analysis, we confirmed the dietary approaches to stop hypertension (DASH) diet [MD: −11.52; 95% credible intervals (CrIs): −14.01, −9.07, very low certainty of evidence (CoE)] and low glycemic index (GI) diets (MD: −6.3; 95% CrI: −9.9, −2.7, low CoE) have shown significant advantages in fasting plasma glucose and 2-h postprandial glucose control, respectively. Furthermore, the DASH diet and resistance exercise reduced insulin requirements independently by 71% (95% CrI: 52%, 84%) and 67% (95% CrI: 48%, 85%), respectively. Additionally, both the DASH (MD: −587.6; 95% CrI: −752.12, −421.85, low CoE) and low GI diets (MD: −180.09, 95% CrI: −267.48, −94.65, low CoE) reduced birth weight significantly, with the DASH diet also demonstrating effects in reducing macrosomia by 89% (95% CrI: 53%, 98%) and lowering the cesarean section rate by 46% (95% CI: 27%, 60%). However, exercise did not affect infant outcomes. Our findings suggest that the DASH diet and low GI diet and resistance exercise may be beneficial for maternal outcomes in pregnancies with GDM. The impact on infants is primarily observed through dietary interventions. Future research, characterized by higher quality and evidence grades, is necessary to complement and substantiate our findings.</div><div>This study was registered with PROSPERO as CRD 42024527587.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"15 12","pages":"Article 100330"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Edward C Deehan , Santa Al Antwan , Rhonda S Witwer , Paula Guerra , Tania John , Len Monheit
{"title":"Revisiting the Concepts of Prebiotic and Prebiotic Effect in Light of Scientific and Regulatory Progress—A Consensus Paper From the Global Prebiotic Association","authors":"Edward C Deehan , Santa Al Antwan , Rhonda S Witwer , Paula Guerra , Tania John , Len Monheit","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100329","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100329","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The term prebiotic has been used for almost 3 decades and has undergone numerous updates over the years. The scientific literature reveals that despite continuous efforts to establish a globally unified definition to guide jurisdictional regulations and product innovations, ambiguity continues to surround the terms prebiotic and prebiotic effect, leading to products that lack in full regulatory adherence being marketed worldwide. Thus, to reflect the current state of scientific research and knowledge and for the continuous advancement of the category, an update to the current prebiotic definition is warranted. This update includes removing the term selectivity, considering additional locations of action besides the gut, highlighting prebiotic performance benefits such as cognitive and athletic, and providing a clear standalone definition for prebiotic effect. The Global Prebiotic Association (GPA) is a leading information and industry hub committed to raising awareness about prebiotics, their emerging and well-established health benefits, and prebiotic product integrity and efficacy. In this position paper, GPA builds on previous prebiotic definitions to propose the following expanded definition for prebiotic: “a compound or ingredient that is utilized by the microbiota producing a health or performance benefit.” In addition to prebiotic, GPA also defines prebiotic effect as “a health or performance benefit that arises from alteration of the composition and/or activity of the microbiota, as a direct or indirect result of the utilization of a specific and well-defined compound or ingredient by microorganisms.” With these 2 definitions, GPA aims to paint a clearer picture for the term prebiotic, and by incorporating an industry point of view, these updated definitions may be used alongside current scientific and regulatory perspectives to move the category forward.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"15 12","pages":"Article 100329"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Victoria Lorca-Camara , Marina Bosque-Prous , Maira Bes-Rastrollo , Cristina O'Callaghan-Gordo , Anna Bach-Faig
{"title":"Environmental and Health Sustainability of the Mediterranean Diet: A Systematic Review","authors":"Victoria Lorca-Camara , Marina Bosque-Prous , Maira Bes-Rastrollo , Cristina O'Callaghan-Gordo , Anna Bach-Faig","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100322","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100322","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Mediterranean diet (MD) has been shown to be a healthy dietary pattern (DP), and lately it is increasingly being studied as a sustainable DP. The aim of this study is to analyze whether the MD is a sustainable and healthy DP accounting for its carbon footprint, water footprint (WF), land use (LU), and/or energy use, based on the existing scientific literature. We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines and registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022309916). We included 35 studies: 25 modeling studies, 7 cross-sectional, and 3 longitudinal. Twenty-four studies compared the sustainability of the MD with that of other DPs; 21 assessed the sustainability of the MD compared with dietary consumption data; and 9 evaluated the MD's adherence and its environmental impacts. A total of 29 studies analyzed the carbon footprint, 11 the LU, 20 the WF, and 7 the energy use of the MD. Six articles assessed the health aspect of the diet apart from the environmental impact. The MD showed high nutritional quality, ranging between 122 and 178 points on the health score and between 13.51 and 90.6 points on the nutrient-rich food index. Using the results for environmental footprints in the same measurement units, we were able to quantitatively compare the most frequently assessed diets with MD. When compared with other diets, 91% of the studies referred to the MD as a sustainable DP, and most of the articles in which its adherence was assessed obtained an inverse correlation with the environmental footprints. Environmental footprints of the MD ranged from 1.03 to 5.08 kg CO<sub>2</sub>-eq/person-day for greenhouse gas emissions, 257.2–2735.2 L/person-day for WF, and 4–14.8 m<sup>2</sup>/person-day and 2.85–3.32 m<sup>2</sup>∗year/d for LU. In summary, the available evidence suggests that, in general, the MD is a sustainable and healthy DP, which aligns with planetary health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"15 12","pages":"Article 100322"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142482171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kelly Guedes de Oliveira Scudine , Paula Midori Castelo , João Paulo Maires Hoppe , André Krumel Portella , Patricia Pelufo Silveira
{"title":"Early Influences on Development of Sensory Perception and Eating Habits","authors":"Kelly Guedes de Oliveira Scudine , Paula Midori Castelo , João Paulo Maires Hoppe , André Krumel Portella , Patricia Pelufo Silveira","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100325","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100325","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Infancy and early childhood are important periods for the development of food choices and eating preferences that are tracked into adult life, influencing weight gain, body composition, and metabolism and ultimately affecting the balance between health and disease. In this narrative review, we discuss studies focused on the effects of fetal programming and early food experiences, highlighting recent advances in the discovery of factors that contribute to the development of food preferences and eating behavior. Food preference can be influenced by early direct contact with flavors, textures, and aromas, as well as by environmental adversities during early development. Evidence suggests that exposure to intrauterine growth restriction is associated with increased preferences for highly palatable foods, such as those rich in carbohydrates and fats, over the life course. Early flavor experiences, whether from amniotic fluid or human milk, may also shape the development of food preferences. Finally, children are more likely to accept textures that they are able to manipulate, and early exposure to a range of textures facilitates the acceptance of foods of various textures later on. Improving dietary habits during gestation (fetal) and postnatal periods is of critical importance for the establishment of positive eating habits and healthy growth in infants and should be an important focus of primary prevention efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"15 12","pages":"Article 100325"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142482169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nanci S Guest , Sudha Raj , Matthew J Landry , A Reed Mangels , Roman Pawlak , Katelyn E Senkus , Deepa Handu , Mary Rozga
{"title":"Vegetarian and Vegan Dietary Patterns to Treat Adult Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials","authors":"Nanci S Guest , Sudha Raj , Matthew J Landry , A Reed Mangels , Roman Pawlak , Katelyn E Senkus , Deepa Handu , Mary Rozga","doi":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.advnut.2024.100294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant-based dietary patterns, including vegetarian and vegan dietary patterns, may help to manage type 2 diabetes (T2DM) by contributing to maintenance of a healthy body weight, improved glycemic control, and reduced risk of diabetes complications. Several diabetes clinical practice guidelines support the use of vegetarian dietary patterns, but there has not been a recently updated systematic review (SR) of evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to examine efficacy. The primary objective of this SR was to examine the effect of vegetarian dietary patterns compared with nonvegetarian dietary patterns in adults with T2DM. MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane CENTRAL Database of Controlled Trials, Food Science Source, and SportsDiscus databases were searched for RCTs published from 1998 to May 2023. Two independent reviewers extracted data and assessed risk of bias using the Cochrane RoB 2 tool. Data were pooled using a DerSimonian–Laird random-effects model and expressed as mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Heterogeneity was assessed using the <em>I</em><sup>2</sup> statistic, and certainty of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach. Full texts of 66 articles were reviewed, and 7 RCTs (<em>n</em> = 770 participants) were included in this SR. Vegetarian dietary patterns likely reduce hemoglobin A1c [MD (95% CI): –0.40% (–0.59, –0.21)] and body mass index [MD (95% CI): –0.96 kg/m<sup>2</sup> (–1.58, –0.34)] (moderate certainty evidence); may allow for reduced diabetes medication (in 2 of 3 included studies) (low certainty); and may improve metabolic clearance of glucose (insulin sensitivity) [MD (95% CI): 10% (1.86, 18.14)] (very low certainty), compared with nonvegetarian dietary patterns. There were no effects of vegetarian dietary patterns on fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations. These findings support the inclusion of vegetarian or vegan dietary patterns as options in nutrition care plans for adults with T2DM.</div></div><div><h3>PROSPERO Registration</h3><div>CRD42023396453.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7349,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Nutrition","volume":"15 10","pages":"Article 100294"},"PeriodicalIF":8.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142432830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}