Food frontiers最新文献

{"title":"An Updated Review on the Mechanisms, Pre-Clinical and Clinical Comparisons of Nicotinamide Mononucleotide (NMN) and Nicotinamide Riboside (NR)","authors":"Xu Yang,&nbsp;Anni Lu,&nbsp;Xiao Guan,&nbsp;Tianlei Ying,&nbsp;Jingrong Pan,&nbsp;Mingqian Tan,&nbsp;Jun Lu","doi":"10.1002/fft2.511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.511","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The study of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD⁺) biology has gained popularity recently. Research discovered that two NAD⁺ biosynthesis intermediates, nicotinamide riboside (NR) and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), are biosynthetic precursors of NAD⁺, an essential chemical for metabolism. Many studies show that NAD⁺ levels fall considerably with aging, with NAD⁺ regeneration in aging animals increasing longevity and enhancing health. According to research on the two molecules, NMN and NR, supplementation with either raises NAD⁺ levels during aging. The objective of this review is to highlight current developments in the biology of NAD⁺ in relation to NR or NMN supplement. This review highlightings significant discoveries about NR and NMN supplementation in relation to NAD⁺ biological activities and health benefits.</p>","PeriodicalId":73042,"journal":{"name":"Food frontiers","volume":"6 2","pages":"630-643"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fft2.511","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food Safety in Developing Countries: Common Foodborne and Waterborne Illnesses, Regulations, Organizational Structure, and Challenges of Food Safety in the Context of Nepal","authors":"Deepak Subedi,&nbsp;Madhav Paudel,&nbsp;Sandesh Poudel,&nbsp;Niranjan Koirala","doi":"10.1002/fft2.517","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.517","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Food safety presents a global challenge, contributing to 600 million cases of foodborne diseases and 420,000 fatalities annually worldwide. In developing countries, such as Nepal, addressing food safety is particularly intricate and arduous because of the prevalent issues of food insecurity, poverty, illiteracy, and regulatory hurdles. The objectives of this comprehensive review are to evaluate the prevalent foodborne and waterborne illnesses, examine the existing regulations and institutional frameworks, and identify the challenges associated with food safety in Nepal. Additionally, this review aims to propose strategies to enhance food safety measures in the country. An electronic search was conducted using relevant keywords to include articles and literature pertinent to the topic. Common foodborne illnesses in Nepal include cholera, typhoid fever, hepatitis, worm infections, and poisoning from mushrooms, heavy metals, and pesticides. While existing rules, regulations, and government infrastructure exist, they often face limitations in effectively addressing these multifaceted challenges. Food safety in developing countries, such as Nepal, faces several challenges, including inadequate regulatory frameworks, limited surveillance and monitoring, rural–urban disparities, and high incidences of foodborne illness. Additional issues stem from weak law enforcement, poor food safety practices, limited infrastructure, informal sector challenges, cross-border trade, limited access to clean water, and the impacts of climate change. A multisectoral One Health approach involving collaboration among government agencies, food industry stakeholders, consumers, and civil society organizations is imperative to enhance food safety in developing countries such as Nepal.</p>","PeriodicalId":73042,"journal":{"name":"Food frontiers","volume":"6 1","pages":"86-123"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fft2.517","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143115854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phosphoproteomic Reveals That Phosphoglycerate Kinase 2 Suppresses Hypoxanthine Accumulation in Broiler","authors":"Manting Ma,&nbsp;Xin Yang,&nbsp;Shaofen Kong,&nbsp;Rongshuai Yuan,&nbsp;Zhen Zhou,&nbsp;Qinghua Nie,&nbsp;Bolin Cai","doi":"10.1002/fft2.512","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.512","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Recent studies have found that the amount and proportion of meat flavor–related metabolites differ among different parts of muscle, which is partly attributed to their diverse myofiber type composition. However, the genetic regulatory factors behind these meat flavor–related metabolites remain unclear. Here, to systematically identify the differences in meat flavor–related metabolite of different parts of muscle and explore their genetic causes, metabolome and transcriptome were performed by using breast and drumstick muscle in Guangming-2 chicken. Meat flavor–related metabolite-gene networks were constructed, and phosphoglycerate kinase 2 (<i>PGK2</i>), which was found to be negatively correlated with flavor–related metabolites such as hypoxanthine, lysine, and glycerophospholipids, was selected for further identification. AlkB homolog 5 (ALKBH5)–mediated m⁶A demethylation enhances RNA stability of <i>PGK2</i>. Lentivirus-mediated <i>PGK2</i> overexpression and knockdown chicken models were constructed to study the function of <i>PGK2</i>. Gain- and loss-of-function analysis revealed that <i>PGK2</i> promoted a switch from slow-twitch to fast-twitch fibers and suppressed the accumulation of hypoxanthine in vivo. Moreover, phosphoproteomic results demonstrated that <i>PGK2</i> was involved in myofiber type transformation and meat flavor–related metabolite accumulation by modulating protein phosphorylation. Our findings deepen the understanding of the regulatory role of protein phosphorylation in meat flavor–related metabolite accumulation in broiler.</p>","PeriodicalId":73042,"journal":{"name":"Food frontiers","volume":"6 2","pages":"789-800"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fft2.512","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unraveling the Amino Acid Synthesis in Maturity Sesame Seeds Based on the Integrative Analysis of Transcriptome and Metabolome","authors":"Yinping Zhang,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Zhang,&nbsp;Xiangyu Zhou,&nbsp;Nan Yang,&nbsp;Duoqi Zhou,&nbsp;Kiran Thakur,&nbsp;Qiang Wang,&nbsp;Carlos L. Cespedes-Acuña,&nbsp;Haiyang Zhang,&nbsp;Hongmei Miao,&nbsp;Zhaojun Wei","doi":"10.1002/fft2.509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.509","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Sesame plays a vital role in food industry due to its high oil yield, antioxidant potential, and substantial protein content. Notably, there are significant differences in amino acid composition in sesame seeds at various developmental stages. However, the molecular basis and regulatory mechanism underlying amino acid production largely remain unexplored. To unravel these mechanisms, we analyzed the metabolome and transcriptome profiles of a sesame variety across four distinct growth stages (S1–S4). Our analysis identified a total of 17 amino acids, with glutamic acid (Glu), arginine (Arg), proline (Pro), and tyrosine (Tyr) exhibiting significantly higher abundances in mature stages. This increased abundance correlated with the elevated expression of genes involved in amino acid synthesis and regulatory genes. Using weighted gene co-expression network analysis, we discovered modules associated with glutathione metabolism, arginine biosynthesis, proline, and tyrosine synthesis, along with candidate genes that regulate amino acid production and metabolism. Notably, the differential expression of genes within the amino acid pathways resulted in significant variations in the contents of Glu, Arg, Pro, and Tyr at the mature stage (28 days after flowering, S4) compared to other growth stages. Correlation analysis revealed strong association among the enzymes glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamate/aspartate–prephenate aminotransferase (PAT), and polyamine oxidase (PAO) with the 17 amino acids, suggesting their potential role in the amino acid synthesis. Our findings provide novel insights into the synthesis and accumulation of amino acids during the growth stages of sesame seeds, highlighting key regulatory genes and metabolic pathways involved in this process. Our study lays the groundwork for future studies aiming to enhance the nutritional quality and yield of sesame varieties.</p>","PeriodicalId":73042,"journal":{"name":"Food frontiers","volume":"6 2","pages":"775-788"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fft2.509","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143688870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"hUCMSCs Regulate Bile Acid Metabolism to Prevent Heart Failure–Induced Intestinal Injury by Inhibiting the Activation of the STAT3/NF-κB/MAPK Signaling Pathway via TGR5","authors":"Zetian Wang,&nbsp;Wei Luo,&nbsp;Qing Wang,&nbsp;Chunzheng Liu,&nbsp;Yanshan Gong,&nbsp;Baitian Li,&nbsp;Xuejiao Zeng,&nbsp;Jiaqi Lin,&nbsp;Zehua Su,&nbsp;Xin Li,&nbsp;Yongze Yu,&nbsp;Zhongmin Liu,&nbsp;Ling Gao,&nbsp;Lijun Liao","doi":"10.1002/fft2.516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.516","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The protective effects of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) on heart failure (HF)-induced intestinal injury have not been fully understood. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence analysis revealed that hUCMSCs renewed themselves, grew, and transformed into various cell types. Meanwhile, hUCMSCs safeguarded against intestinal damage, regulated imbalances in the intestinal flora and bile acid metabolism, and enhanced the levels of hyodeoxycholic acid (HDCA) in pigs with HF. HDCA protected against HF-induced intestinal injury in mice through Takeda G protein–coupled receptor 5 (TGR5). Protein analysis showed that HDCA exerted protective effects on the intestines via the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. Mouse experiments revealed that HDCA bound to TGR5 to inhibit MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathway activation, which relies on the STAT3 signaling pathway. Moreover, hUCMSCs protected against intestinal injury in the pig model of HF by suppressing the activation of the STAT3/NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway via TGR5.</p>","PeriodicalId":73042,"journal":{"name":"Food frontiers","volume":"6 1","pages":"575-589"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fft2.516","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143114048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity of Alternaria-derived toxins and their toxicodynamic and toxicokinetic characteristics in the food chain","authors":"Sarfaraz Hussain,&nbsp;Aqleem Abbas,&nbsp;Maratab Ali,&nbsp;Israt Jahan,&nbsp;Muhammad Jabran,&nbsp;Muhammad Afaq Ahmed,&nbsp;Zienab F. R. Ahmed,&nbsp;Xinhua Zhang","doi":"10.1002/fft2.507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.507","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The <i>Alternaria</i> genus comprises more than 250 fungal species among which pathogenic species cause diseases in economically important crops and contaminate food via secreted toxins. Among these host-specific toxins (HSTs) generally harm specific plants, while certain non-host-specific toxins (nHSTs) have significant mutagenic and cytotoxic effects on humans and other vertebrates. <i>Alternaria</i> spp. tend to accumulate mycotoxins in food and food products, causing spoilage in fields during harvesting, postharvest stages, and storage. Changing climatic conditions and large cultivation areas led to a rise in <i>Alternaria</i> mycotoxins, with vegetarians being more frequently exposed. There is limited information on the toxicity incidence, absorption, excretion, and distribution of these mycotoxins in farms and domesticated animals; therefore, further investigation is required. This review covers current studies on the toxic effects of <i>Alternaria</i> mycotoxins, including genotoxicity, teratogenicity, nephrotoxicity, cytotoxicity, DNA damage, carcinogenicity, and immunosuppressive role. The toxicokinetic properties of these mycotoxins were explored, based on both in vitro and in vivo investigations. Combined effects of <i>Alternaria</i> mycotoxins with other mycotoxins in food are not well studied and can vary widely, showing synergistic, additive, or antagonistic interactions based on the specific combinations involved. The data presented here could strengthen risk assessment for <i>Alternaria</i> mycotoxins by emphasizing the need to minimize contact between contaminated and uncontaminated food and establish appropriate measures to ensure food safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":73042,"journal":{"name":"Food frontiers","volume":"6 1","pages":"185-217"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fft2.507","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143113205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of Pullulan to Induce Disease Resistance Against Diaporthe nobilis in Postharvest Kiwifruit","authors":"Shukun Yu,&nbsp;Huanhuan Li,&nbsp;Lihong Han,&nbsp;Junjie Wang,&nbsp;Xiaofeng Tang,&nbsp;Zhao-Jun Wei,&nbsp;Yongsheng Liu,&nbsp;Min Miao","doi":"10.1002/fft2.510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.510","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Kiwifruit stands out as a globally favored fruit owing to its palatable flavor and nutritional benefits. However, it continues to ripen after harvest, and this trait makes it more susceptible to fungal infections. <i>Diaporthe</i> spp. has garnered attention for causing postharvest soft rot in kiwifruit; consequently, effective prevention and treatment strategies for soft rot are crucial for managing postharvest diseases in kiwifruit. We found that pullulan treatment greatly decreased both the incidence of disease and lesion diameter following <i>Diaporthe nobilis</i> inoculation in kiwifruit. Pullulan at the concentrations (1%, 3%, and 5%) markedly reduced the disease incidence of the soft rot in kiwifruit after 3 days of inoculation with <i>D. nobilis</i> by 19.16%, 31.66%, and 48.33%, respectively, and lesion diameter of 5% pullulan treated kiwifruit was 38.1% lower than that of the control 3 days after treatment. Importantly, pullulan treatment maintained and reduced the accumulation of superoxide anion (O₂⁻), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), and the peroxidation of membrane lipids; maintained high levels of ascorbic acid (AsA) and glutathione (GSH); and stimulated the buildup of total phenolic. Additionally, pullulan treatment markedly increased the activities of defense-related enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), phenylalanine ammonialyase (PAL), chitinase (CHI), and β-1,3 glucanase (GLU). Furthermore, pullulan treatment was found to activate expressions of defense-related genes. Overall, our data confirm the application of pullulan treatment for controlling postharvest soft rot in kiwifruit, potentially offering a valuable strategy for enhancing the storage stability and shelf life of this economically significant fruit.</p>","PeriodicalId":73042,"journal":{"name":"Food frontiers","volume":"6 1","pages":"563-574"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fft2.510","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143112528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover Image: Volume 5, Issue 6","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/fft2.521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.521","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cover image is based on the Letter <i>Hyperspectral guidance for summer tea processing: Enhancing taste and aroma through short-term cycled heaping</i> by Hujing Cao et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.462.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":73042,"journal":{"name":"Food frontiers","volume":"5 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fft2.521","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142641334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medulla Tetrapanacis water extract ameliorates mastitis by suppressing bacterial internalization and inflammation via MAPKs signaling in vitro and in vivo","authors":"Carsten Tsun-Ka Kwok,&nbsp;Yuanhao Hu,&nbsp;Bun Tsoi,&nbsp;Fiona Wong,&nbsp;Pak-Ting Hau,&nbsp;Emily Wan-Ting Tam,&nbsp;Daniel Kam-Wah Mok,&nbsp;Yiu-Wa Kwan,&nbsp;George Pak-Heng Leung,&nbsp;Simon Ming-Yuen Lee,&nbsp;Jing-Jing Li,&nbsp;Franklin Wang-Ngai Chow,&nbsp;Sai-Wang Seto","doi":"10.1002/fft2.476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.476","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Medulla Tetrapanacis</i> (MT) is a commonly used herbal ingredient in soup to promote lactation and management of mastitis among lactating mothers worldwide, particularly in Asian countries. However, scientific evidence to support its usage in the management of mastitis is limited. This study aimed to investigate the effects of MT water extract and its underlying mechanisms in <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (SA)–induced mastitis in human mammary epithelial cells (HuMEC) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)–induced mastitis in lactating Sprague–Dawley (SD) rats. The anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects of MT water extract were examined in SA-infected HuMEC by ELISA and plate counting, respectively. The effects of MT water extract on blood-milk barrier and the underlying mechanism of action of the MT water extract were also investigated by transendothelial electrical resistance assay and western blot. The effects and mechanisms of MT water extract on alleviating mastitis on SD rats were evaluated using LPS-induced mastitis rat model. Our results showed that MT water extract could suppress SA-induced mastitis by reducing SA internalization and growth, protecting blood-milk barrier integrity, and attenuating release of cytokines (interleukin 6 [IL-6] and tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α]) in HuEMC. Furthermore, the antibacterial effect might be related to the increase of antimicrobial peptides transcription, and the anti-inflammatory effect is at least partly mediated by inactivation of p38 and JNK signaling pathways. Finally, our in vivo results showed that MT water extract ameliorated LPS-induced mastitis in SD rats via suppressing inflammatory cytokine release (TNF-α, IL-6, and interleukin-1 beta), myeloperoxidase, and alleviating pathohistological damage by downregulation of JNK signaling pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":73042,"journal":{"name":"Food frontiers","volume":"6 1","pages":"500-515"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fft2.476","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143121429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation of Transport Phenomena for Microwave Freeze-Drying of Potato Slices Using Finite Element Analysis","authors":"Narathip Sujinda,&nbsp;Jaturapatr Varith","doi":"10.1002/fft2.508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.508","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This research intended to investigate the transport phenomena that occur during microwave freeze-drying (MFD) of potato slices using drying kinetics and finite element analysis (FEA). The impacts of microwave power levels and potato slice thickness on drying rate constant (<i>DR</i>) and average moisture diffusion (<i>D_AVG</i>) were analyzed using MFD kinetics and were then incorporated in the simulation. It was found that the <i>DR</i> and <i>D_AVG</i> were in the range of 301.3 × 10⁻³–775.4 × 10⁻³ min⁻¹ and 1.045 × 10⁻¹⁰–3.336 × 10⁻¹⁰ m²/s, respectively. In the sublimation phase, the <i>DR</i> and <i>D_AVG</i> were higher than those in the desorption phase. The <i>DR</i> and <i>D_AVG</i> increased as the microwave power level increased but decreased as the thickness increased. The FEA of temperature and moisture distribution within the potato slices demonstrated the outward transfer of heat and mass from the center to the exterior and closely matched the experimental data with an error margin of within 5%, leading to the proposed schematic shrinkage model corresponding to the MFD simulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":73042,"journal":{"name":"Food frontiers","volume":"6 1","pages":"532-548"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fft2.508","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143120600","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}