Food frontiers最新文献

{"title":"Olive Leaf Extracts With High, Medium, or Low Bioactive Compounds Content Differentially Modulate Alzheimer's Disease via Redox Biology","authors":"Jose M. Romero-Marquez,&nbsp;María D. Navarro-Hortal,&nbsp;Alfonso Varela-López,&nbsp;Rubén Calderón-Iglesias,&nbsp;Juan G. Puentes,&nbsp;Francesca Giampieri,&nbsp;Maurizio Battino,&nbsp;Cristina Sánchez-González,&nbsp;Jianbo Xiao,&nbsp;Roberto García-Ruiz,&nbsp;Sebastián Sánchez,&nbsp;Tamara Y. Forbes-Hernández,&nbsp;José L. Quiles","doi":"10.1002/fft2.70013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.70013","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Alzheimer's disease (AD) involves β-amyloid plaques and tau hyperphosphorylation, driven by oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activities exacerbate AD pathology. Olive leaf (OL) extracts, rich in bioactive compounds, offer potential therapeutic benefits. This study aimed to assess the anti-inflammatory, anti-cholinergic, and antioxidant effects of three OL extracts (low, mid, and high bioactive content) in vitro and their protective effects against AD-related proteinopathies in <i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i> models. OL extracts were characterized for phenolic composition, AChE and COX-2 inhibition, as well as antioxidant capacity. Their effects on intracellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) were tested in <i>C. elegans</i> models expressing human Aβ and tau proteins. Gene expression analyses examined transcription factors (DAF-16, skinhead [SKN]-1) and their targets (superoxide dismutase [SOD]-2, SOD-3, GST-4, and heat shock protein [HSP]-16.2). High-OL extract demonstrated superior AChE and COX-2 inhibition and antioxidant capacity. Low- and high-OL extracts reduced Aβ aggregation, ROS levels, and proteotoxicity via SKN-1/NRF-2 and DAF-16/FOXO pathways, whereas mid-OL showed moderate effects through proteostasis modulation. In tau models, low- and high-OL extracts mitigated mitochondrial ROS levels via SOD-2 but had limited effects on intracellular ROS levels. High-OL extract also increased GST-4 levels, whereas low and mid extracts enhanced GST-4 levels. OL extracts protect against AD-related proteinopathies by modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, and proteostasis. High-OL extract showed the most promise for nutraceutical development due to its robust phenolic profile and activation of key antioxidant pathways. Further research is needed to confirm long-term efficacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":73042,"journal":{"name":"Food frontiers","volume":"6 3","pages":"1513-1529"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fft2.70013","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Delivery of Natural Small Molecules Through Nanocarriers for Cancer Treatment","authors":"Fangting Ye,&nbsp;Shaojie Zheng,&nbsp;Shuo Shan,&nbsp;Jiaer Cai,&nbsp;Yufan Liu,&nbsp;Weichao Chen,&nbsp;Xinxin He,&nbsp;Chao Zhao","doi":"10.1002/fft2.70012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.70012","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cancer is a formidable adversary, accounting for the second highest number of fatalities worldwide. A multitude of studies have indicated that naturally sourced small-molecule compounds, owing to their low toxicity and multi-target capabilities, significantly aid in the fight against tumorigenesis. However, natural small molecules have certain limitations, such as poor water solubility and permeability. These limitations curtail their clinical potency and result in lower bioavailability within the human body. To address these limitations, nano-encapsulation techniques have emerged as a promising strategy to enhance the solubility, stability, and delivery of these natural compounds. For instance, in several preclinical studies, encapsulating resveratrol in liposomal nanocarriers increased its solubility by up to 50-fold and enhanced its bioavailability by three to five times. This work is based on the reports published from 1999 to 2024 in PubMed and ISI Web of Science databases. This review examines the anticancer mechanisms of key natural small molecules, including polyphenols, alkaloids, and terpenes, and discusses how their incorporation into nanocarrier systems improves their efficacy. Additionally, this analysis provides a comprehensive overview of how nanotechnology can overcome the pharmacokinetic and bioavailability limitations of natural compounds, offering a foundation for future advancements in cancer treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":73042,"journal":{"name":"Food frontiers","volume":"6 3","pages":"1303-1322"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fft2.70012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cover Image: Volume 6, Issue 2","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/fft2.70016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.70016","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The cover image is based on the Review Article <i>Structural insights and biological activities of flavonoids: Implications for novel applications</i> by Sheng Tang et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.494.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure></p>","PeriodicalId":73042,"journal":{"name":"Food frontiers","volume":"6 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fft2.70016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Organ-on-Chip: The Future of Nutrition Research in a One Health World","authors":"Manuela Cassotta,&nbsp;Maria Elexpuru-Zabaleta,&nbsp;Sandra Sumalla Cano,&nbsp;Yasmany Armas Diaz,&nbsp;Francesca Giampieri,&nbsp;Zou Xiaobo,&nbsp;Di Zhang,&nbsp;Giuseppe Grosso,&nbsp;Maurizio Battino","doi":"10.1002/fft2.70000","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.70000","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The One Health approach emphasizes the interconnectedness of human, animal, and environmental health, recognizing that the health of each is interdependent and influenced by shared ecosystems. Nutrition research plays a critical role in improving health outcomes across these domains, with implications for sustainability and food security. Organ-on-chip (OoC) technologies have emerged as innovative tools replicating key organ functions, supporting disease modeling, drug discovery, and personalized medicine. They also hold promise as alternatives to traditional animal models. This systematic review examines the potential of OoC technologies within the One Health framework and nutrition research, focusing on (1) their ability to replicate human and animal organ functions, (2) applications in food safety and ecotoxicology, and (3) their use in studying food components’ health effects. Challenges and future directions for adoption are also discussed. Although fully replicating the complexity of in vivo physiology remains a challenge, OoCs offer a promising platform to simulate organ functions and interactions. These systems hold significant potential for advancing food safety assessments, studying food impacts on health, and addressing sustainability in food systems. Challenges such as standardization, scalability, accessibility, and biases toward traditional models remain. Despite these hurdles, current advancements underscore the versatility and promise of OoCs, positioning them as valuable tools for driving innovation in nutrition research, food and feed safety, and ecotoxicology. With continued progress, OoCs are poised to make significant contributions to the goals of the One Health framework.</p>","PeriodicalId":73042,"journal":{"name":"Food frontiers","volume":"6 3","pages":"1205-1224"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fft2.70000","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Application of Polyphenols in Food: A Comprehensive Review","authors":"Yanpei Huang,&nbsp;Haiming Chen,&nbsp;Weijun Chen,&nbsp;Wenxue Chen,&nbsp;Qiuping Zhong,&nbsp;Jianfei Pei,&nbsp;Ming Zhang,&nbsp;Guido R. M. M. Haenen","doi":"10.1002/fft2.533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.533","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This review provides an in-depth analysis of functional mechanisms and research trends in the application of polyphenol in food. The functional mechanisms of polyphenols are to maintain the homeostasis of the organism through direct or synergistic effects, such as activating the Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1 (Keap1)–nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway for antioxidative effects, inhibiting the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) pathway for anti-inflammatory effects, inducing and modifying p53 proteins for anticancer effects, and inhibiting the DNA replication for antibacterial effects. However, polyphenols have limited bioavailability due to their low water solubility, chemical instability, and rapid metabolism. The physicochemical properties and the bioavailability of polyphenols can be improved by regional modifications and nanoembedding systems, which has led to intensive research in the direction of improving the intestinal environment by polyphenols. Further unveiling their molecular mechanisms and enhancing their bioavailability will result in better exploiting the potential health benefit of polyphenols.</p>","PeriodicalId":73042,"journal":{"name":"Food frontiers","volume":"6 3","pages":"1287-1302"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fft2.533","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Structural Characterization, Phenolic Acid Modification, and Antioxidant Activities of Polysaccharide From Mogroside Waste Liquid of Siraitia grosvenorii","authors":"Jiajing Duan,&nbsp;Yufeng Sun,&nbsp;Bo Wang,&nbsp;Qinfei Xie,&nbsp;Yang Ju,&nbsp;Fengzhong Wang,&nbsp;Bei Fan","doi":"10.1002/fft2.70003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.70003","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To improve the comprehensive utilization of <i>Siraitia grosvenorii</i> (Swingle) C. Jeffrey, a novel polysaccharide (SGP) was isolated from the mogroside waste liquid of <i>S. grosvenorii</i>. In addition, ferulic acid–SGP (FA-SGP) and caffeic acid–SGP (CA-SGP) were prepared by modifying SGP with phenolic acid. The structural characteristics and antioxidant activities of the three polysaccharides were analyzed. SGP displayed a pore-like structure and was mainly composed of glucose and xylose with a molecular weight of 2.64 kDa. It was a pyran-type polysaccharide with both α-glycosidic and β-glycosidic bonds. The linkage types were Glcp-(1→D →3)-Glcp-(1→, →4)-Glcp-(1→, →6)-Glcp-(1→, →3,6)-Glcp-(1→. FA and CA were covalently attached to SGP by ester bonds, and the molecular weights of FA-SGP and CA-SGP were 5.34 and 3.83 kDa, respectively. They formed a tightly interconnected reticulation structure. Activities tests demonstrated that compared to the native SGP, FA-SGP and CA-SGP could significantly enhance the antioxidant capacity and improve the protective effects on H₂O₂-damaged SH-SY5Y cells. The regulation of FA-SGP and CA-SGP toward the oxidative stress in SH-SY5Y cells might be related to the Bcl-2/Caspase-3/Bax signaling pathways. In this study, phenolic acid grafts with excellent antioxidant activity were prepared using SGP as the lead compound. This provided a new direction for obtaining <i>S. grosvenorii</i> products with satisfactory bioactivity and a reference for the deep processing of <i>S. grosvenorii</i> industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":73042,"journal":{"name":"Food frontiers","volume":"6 3","pages":"1530-1543"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fft2.70003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extending bio-based and biodegradable thermoplastics in food packaging: A focus on multiphase systems","authors":"Almas Mustafa,&nbsp;Muhammad Talha,&nbsp;Abid Aslam Maan,&nbsp;Muhammad Kashif Iqbal Khan,&nbsp;Muhammad Tanveer,&nbsp;Sharmeen Arif,&nbsp;Mubeen Sultan Butt,&nbsp;Akmal Nazir","doi":"10.1002/fft2.70008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.70008","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In recent decades, the thermoplastics market has experienced significant growth due to its high global consumption, ability to produce cost-effective goods, and unparalleled properties. However, increasing environmental concerns, reliance on depleting fossil reserves, and sustainability challenges have driven extensive research into bio-based and biodegradable polymers, particularly for food packaging applications. These eco-friendly alternatives offer promising strategies for managing waste and reducing environmental harm. Yet, they face limitations such as poor mechanical and barrier properties, inherent brittleness, and melting temperatures that often exceed their degradation temperatures. This article explores how advancements in multiphase systems, for instance, through methods like plasticization, blending, foaming, and the formation of composites, nanocomposites, and multilayer films, can overcome these drawbacks, enhancing both the functionality and range of applications for these polymers. It discusses how modifying bio-based and biodegradable polymers can produce more processable materials with lower melting temperatures and how blending these polymers with others can create cost-effective, high-performance systems. This review offers a comprehensive exploration of these advanced materials, highlighting their capacity to transform food packaging and promote a more sustainable future.</p>","PeriodicalId":73042,"journal":{"name":"Food frontiers","volume":"6 3","pages":"1129-1172"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fft2.70008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to “[Allicin: A Natural Weapon Against Taxol Resistance in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Through Cathepsin B Inhibition and Lysosomal-Autophagy Disruption]”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/fft2.70009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.70009","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Gao X., C. Xu, R. K. Santhanam, Y. Zhang, and Q. Zhao. 2025. “Allicin: A Natural Weapon Against Taxol Resistance in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Through Cathepsin B Inhibition and Lysosomal-Autophagy Disruption.” <i>Food Frontiers</i> 6, no. 1: 549–562.</p><p>[Description of error]</p><p>The shCTSB-776 group in “Figure 2d” section was incorrect. Due to a copy-and-paste error occurred during the figure typesetting process, the copied figure was not correctly replaced, resulting in the error of quoting the figure. We have set below the figure of the correct shCTSB-776 group.</p><p>Error:</p><p></p><p>Correction:</p><p></p><p>We apologize for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":73042,"journal":{"name":"Food frontiers","volume":"6 3","pages":"1593-1594"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fft2.70009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome Editing Technologies to Improve Health-Related Phytocompounds in Crops","authors":"Maria Dellino,&nbsp;Claudio de Giovanni,&nbsp;Monica Marilena Miazzi,&nbsp;Cinzia Montemurro,&nbsp;Domenica Nigro","doi":"10.1002/fft2.70005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.70005","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Due to rapid global population growth and the resulting significant increase in food demand, the world is facing an epidemic of malnutrition. Although yield improvement remains one of the main targets of breeding programs, much attention is being paid to the nutritional aspects of crops, including nutrients and bioactive compounds that are often important for general human health and disease prevention. Phytocompounds such as allergens, antinutrients, antioxidants, vitamins, and fatty acids are among the most important classes of chemical substances that affect human health and thus contribute to the nutritional value of crops. Conventional breeding for these traits consists of laborious and time-consuming methods, but recent advances in new genome editing (GE) technologies offer a valuable, time-saving, and cost-effective alternative. The article reports on the extensive use of GE tools to modify the content of health-relevant bio-compounds and to obtain crops with higher nutritional quality.</p>","PeriodicalId":73042,"journal":{"name":"Food frontiers","volume":"6 3","pages":"1271-1286"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fft2.70005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and Regioselectivity of a 4'-O-Methyltransferase From Chemically Diverse Populations of Chrysanthemum","authors":"Dan Yang,&nbsp;Yuetong Yu,&nbsp;Lixin Yang,&nbsp;Chen Kang,&nbsp;Zhimin Wang,&nbsp;Sha Chen,&nbsp;Jingjing Zhu","doi":"10.1002/fft2.70007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/fft2.70007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Chrysanthemum morifolium</i> Ramat, as food and drug homolog material, exhibits unique pharmacological activity due to richness in diverse flavonoids. Chrysanthemum cultivated in northern China is particularly rich in 4'-methoxylated flavones, yet the mechanism responsible for methoxyflavone biosynthesis in chrysanthemum remains elusive. In this study, an O-methyltransferase (OMT) (CmOMT3) from chrysanthemum was isolated and identified as a class II OMT through phylogenetic and sequence analysis. To evaluate the biotechnological potential of CmOMT3, 12 flavonoids and phenolic acids were biotransformed using CmOMT3-transformed <i>Escherichia coli</i>, revealing that recombinant CmOMT3 transfers methyl to the hydroxyl group at C-4' position of multiple phenylpropanoid compounds with broad substrate selectivity. The catalytic conversion rates of CmOMT3 were notably high for eriodictyol (77.4%) and chlorogenic acid (53.34%), followed by luteolin (49.42%) and caffeic acid (37.77%). Through molecular docking and site-directed mutagenesis, key residues Asn123 and His175 of CmOMT3 had lowest binding energy when mutated to His (−4.76 kcal/mol) and Met (−5.96 kcal/mol), respectively. The mutants N123H and N123A enhanced catalytic activity with substrate conversion of apigenin (<b>1</b>) increased from 8.49% for wild-type CmOMT3 to 46.70% and 30.46%, respectively. This study represents the first report of an OMT exhibiting broad substrate specificity, catalyzing the 4'-O-methylation of flavonoids in chrysanthemum. It sheds light on the molecular basis for the high methoxyflavonoids’ levels in northern chrysanthemums and lays the groundwork for molecular breeding aimed at enhancing methoxyflavonoid production in chrysanthemum cultivars.</p>","PeriodicalId":73042,"journal":{"name":"Food frontiers","volume":"6 3","pages":"1498-1512"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/fft2.70007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144140682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}