Communications engineering最新文献_第7页

5 G new radio fiber-wireless converged systems by injection locking multi-optical carrier into directly-modulated lasers 通过向直接调制激光器注入锁定多光载波，实现 5 G 新型无线电光纤-无线融合系统

Communications engineering Pub Date : 2024-10-14 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-024-00295-0

Hai-Han Lu, Hsiao-Mei Lin, Chia-Peng Wang, Stotaw Talbachew Hayle, Chung-Yi Li, Xu-Hong Huang, Yu-Yao Bai, Kelper Okram, Jia-Ming Lu, Yu-Chen Chung, Wei-Wen Hsu

{"title":"5 G new radio fiber-wireless converged systems by injection locking multi-optical carrier into directly-modulated lasers","authors":"Hai-Han Lu, Hsiao-Mei Lin, Chia-Peng Wang, Stotaw Talbachew Hayle, Chung-Yi Li, Xu-Hong Huang, Yu-Yao Bai, Kelper Okram, Jia-Ming Lu, Yu-Chen Chung, Wei-Wen Hsu","doi":"10.1038/s44172-024-00295-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44172-024-00295-0","url":null,"abstract":"The integration of fiber-optical wireless convergence with fifth generation new radio is crucial in building high-performance access networks. This approach not only provides high-transmission-rates but also ensures broad coverage, which is vital for future networks. Here we report fifth generation new radio fiber-wireless converged systems by injection locking multi-optical carrier into directly-modulated lasers. Data rates of 10 Gb/s, 20 Gb/s, and 40 Gb/s are achieved by direct modulation on directly-modulated lasers using 16-quadrature amplitude modulation-orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing signal. Through 25-km single-mode fiber, 1.5-km optical wireless, and 12-/22-/33-m millimeter-wave/sub-terahertz wireless integrated-media, 10-Gb/s/20-GHz, 20-Gb/s/60-GHz, and 40-Gb/s/100-GHz signals are transmitted with acceptably low bit error rates and error vector magnitudes, as well as distinct constellations. The successful transport of fifth generation new radio millimeter-wave and sub-terahertz signals at different carrier frequencies through fiber-wireless convergence demonstrates the potential of the system to meet the evolving requirement of next-generation communications. Hai-Han Lu and co-authors present a new radio transmission system. Using directly modulated laser thought injection locking of the optical comb, they demonstrate millimeter wave/sub-terahertz wireless and fiber transmission.","PeriodicalId":72644,"journal":{"name":"Communications engineering","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44172-024-00295-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142431095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A microphysiological system for studying barrier health of live tissues in real time 用于实时研究活体组织屏障健康状况的微物理系统

Communications engineering Pub Date : 2024-10-12 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-024-00285-2

Ryan Way, Hayley Templeton, Daniel Ball, Ming-Hao Cheng, Stuart A. Tobet, Thomas Chen

{"title":"A microphysiological system for studying barrier health of live tissues in real time","authors":"Ryan Way, Hayley Templeton, Daniel Ball, Ming-Hao Cheng, Stuart A. Tobet, Thomas Chen","doi":"10.1038/s44172-024-00285-2","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44172-024-00285-2","url":null,"abstract":"Epithelial cells create barriers that protect many different components in the body from their external environment. Increased gut barrier permeability (leaky gut) has been linked to several chronic inflammatory diseases. Understanding the cause of leaky gut and effective interventions are elusive due to the lack of tools that maintain tissue’s physiological environment while elucidating cellular functions under various stimuli ex vivo. Here we present a microphysiological system that records real-time barrier permeability of mouse colon in a physiological environment over extended durations. The system includes a microfluidic chamber; media composition that preserves microbiome and creates necessary oxygen gradients across the barrier; and integrated sensor electrodes for acquiring transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER). Our results demonstrate that the system can maintain tissue viability for up to 72 h. The TEER sensors can distinguish levels of barrier permeability when treated with collagenase and low pH media and detect different thickness in the tissue explant. Thomas Chen and colleagues design a microphysiological system for the study of intestinal mouse epithelial tissue under physiological conditions in an ex-vivo environment. Using their apparatus they perform a time-dependent analysis of the transepithelial electrical resistance and determine changes in the gut epithelial barrier permeability.","PeriodicalId":72644,"journal":{"name":"Communications engineering","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44172-024-00285-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142415418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multi-channel portable odor delivery device for self-administered and rapid smell testing 多通道便携式气味传递装置，用于自我管理和快速气味测试。

Communications engineering Pub Date : 2024-10-11 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-024-00286-1

Richard Hopper, Daniel Popa, Emanuela Maggioni, Devarsh Patel, Marianna Obrist, Basile Nicolas Landis, Julien Wen Hsieh, Florin Udrea

{"title":"Multi-channel portable odor delivery device for self-administered and rapid smell testing","authors":"Richard Hopper, Daniel Popa, Emanuela Maggioni, Devarsh Patel, Marianna Obrist, Basile Nicolas Landis, Julien Wen Hsieh, Florin Udrea","doi":"10.1038/s44172-024-00286-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44172-024-00286-1","url":null,"abstract":"To improve our understanding of the perception of odors, researchers are often required to undertake experimental procedures with users exposed to multiple odors in a variety of settings, including to diagnose smell loss in clinics and care homes. Existing smell tests are typically administered using multiple sniffing pens, manually presented to patients by a highly specialized nurse using a time-consuming and complex testing paradigm. Automated odor delivery devices, such as olfactometer systems, exist but are expensive, bulky and typically lab based, making them difficult to use for on the ground odor delivery. Here we have developed a portable, affordable, odor delivery device that can deliver 24 odors through individual channels with high temporal precision and without cross-contamination. The device allows for the rapid, flexible sequencing of odors via digital control using a mobile application and has been experimentally validated in the lab, as well as tested on patients. The design provides several advantages for investigating olfactory perception and offers the possibility that users can one day self-administer smell tests in a range of settings, including at home, allowing smell healthcare services to evolve and become part of a routine practice and self-care culture. Richard Hopper and colleagues design a multi-channel odor delivery system. Their device allows high precision olfactory experiences to be created with a compact desktop unit.","PeriodicalId":72644,"journal":{"name":"Communications engineering","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44172-024-00286-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142407304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biomechanical changes occur in myopic choroidal stroma and mirror those in the adjacent sclera 近视眼脉络膜基质会发生生物力学变化，并与邻近巩膜的生物力学变化相一致。

Communications engineering Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-024-00280-7

Kazuyo Ito, Cameron Hoerig, Yee Shan Dan, Sally A. McFadden, Jonathan Mamou, Quan V. Hoang

{"title":"Biomechanical changes occur in myopic choroidal stroma and mirror those in the adjacent sclera","authors":"Kazuyo Ito, Cameron Hoerig, Yee Shan Dan, Sally A. McFadden, Jonathan Mamou, Quan V. Hoang","doi":"10.1038/s44172-024-00280-7","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44172-024-00280-7","url":null,"abstract":"Retina-derived growth signals relayed from the choroid to the sclera cause remodeling of the extracellular scleral matrix, resulting in myopic ocular elongation. However, to the best of our knowledge, no studies have assessed changes in choroidal stromal biomechanical properties during myopia progression. Here we utilized 7 µm-resolution scanning acoustic microscopy (SAM) to assess biomechanical properties (bulk modulus (K) and mass density (rho)) of choroidal stroma from guinea pig eyes with form-deprivation (FD) induced myopia. The choroidal stroma had considerable intrinsic strength arising from its biomechanical properties and these were differentially affected by myopia in central and peripheral regions. Choroidal stromal biomechanical values were also highly correlated with those in adjacent scleral regions, and the choroidal stromal-scleral association was stronger in myopic eyes. Biomechanical changes observed in the choroidal stroma of myopic eyes were mirrored to those observed in the adjacent sclera. These findings suggest that choroidal stromal remodeling may accompany myopia and open the door to the source of the signals that cause scleral remodeling in myopia. Prof Hoang and colleagues used scanning acoustic microscopy to investigate the biomechanical properties of the choroid in myopic eyes. Their biomechanical analytics reveal changes in choroidal stroma from remodeling were mirrored to those in the adjacent sclera. This finding opens the door to the source of the signals that cause scleral remodeling in myopia.","PeriodicalId":72644,"journal":{"name":"Communications engineering","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44172-024-00280-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142395704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Fast autofocusing based on single-pixel moment detection 基于单像素瞬间检测的快速自动对焦功能

Communications engineering Pub Date : 2024-10-09 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-024-00288-z

Huiling Chen, Dongfeng Shi, Zijun Guo, Runbo Jiang, Linbin Zha, Yingjian Wang, Jan Flusser

{"title":"Fast autofocusing based on single-pixel moment detection","authors":"Huiling Chen, Dongfeng Shi, Zijun Guo, Runbo Jiang, Linbin Zha, Yingjian Wang, Jan Flusser","doi":"10.1038/s44172-024-00288-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44172-024-00288-z","url":null,"abstract":"Traditional image processing-based autofocusing techniques require the acquisition, storage, and processing of large amounts of image sequences, constraining focusing speed and cost. Here we propose an autofocusing technique, which directly and exactly acquires the geometric moments of the target object in real time at different locations by means of a proper image modulation and detection by a single-pixel detector. An autofocusing criterion is then formulated using the central moments, and the fast acquisition of the focal point is achieved by searching for the position that minimizes the criterion. Theoretical analysis and experimental validation of the method are performed and the results show that the method can achieve fast and accurate autofocusing. The proposed method requires only three single-pixel detections for each focusing position of the target object to evaluate the focusing criterion without imaging the target object. The method does not require any active object-to-camera distance measurement. Comparing to local differential methods such as contrast or gradient measurement, our method is more stable to noise and requires very little data compared with the traditional image processing methods. It may find a wide range of potential applications and prospects, particularly in low-light imaging and near-infra imaging, where the level of noise is typically high. Dongfeng Shi and colleagues design an autofocusing algorithm which required fewer sampling pixels. Their method performs well in low light high noise imaging.","PeriodicalId":72644,"journal":{"name":"Communications engineering","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44172-024-00288-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142395705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

In-situ sub-angstrom characterization of laser-lubricant interaction in a thermo-tribological system 对热三维系统中激光与润滑剂相互作用的原位亚量子表征。

Communications engineering Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-024-00284-3

Qilong Cheng, Sukumar Rajauria, Erhard Schreck, Robert Smith, Qing Dai, David B. Bogy

{"title":"In-situ sub-angstrom characterization of laser-lubricant interaction in a thermo-tribological system","authors":"Qilong Cheng, Sukumar Rajauria, Erhard Schreck, Robert Smith, Qing Dai, David B. Bogy","doi":"10.1038/s44172-024-00284-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44172-024-00284-3","url":null,"abstract":"Laser-lubricant interaction has been a critical reliability issue in a thermo-tribological system named heat-assisted magnetic recording, one of the next generation hard disk drive solutions to increasing data storage. The lubricant response under laser irradiation and the subsequent lubricant recovery are crucial to the system’s reliability and longevity, however, they cannot be diagnosed locally and timely so far. Here, we propose a thermal scheme to in-situ characterize the mechanical laser-lubricant interaction. The nanometer-thick lubricant has a thermal barrier effect on the near-field thermal transport in the system, according to which the lubricant thickness can be determined. As demonstrations, this paper reports the first quantitative in-situ measurements of the laser-induced lubricant depletion and the subsequent reflow dynamics. The proposed scheme shows a sub-angstrom resolution (~0.2 Å) and a fast response time within seconds, rendering in-situ real-time lubricant diagnosis feasible in the practical hard disk drive products. Heat-Assisted Magnetic Recording hard disk drives offer a solution to increasing data storage. Cheng and colleagues demonstrate a near-field thermal transport-based scheme to in-situ measure the lubricant thickness during the lubricant depletion and reflow dynamics, a process crucial to the reliability and longevity of the system.","PeriodicalId":72644,"journal":{"name":"Communications engineering","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11457497/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A wireless W-band 3D-printed temperature sensor based on a three-dimensional photonic crystal operating beyond 1000 ∘C 基于三维光子晶体的无线 W 波段三维打印温度传感器，工作温度超过 1000 ∘C。

Communications engineering Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-024-00282-5

Jesús Sánchez-Pastor, Petr Kadĕra, Masoud Sakaki, Rolf Jakoby, Jaroslav Lacik, Niels Benson, Alejandro Jiménez-Sáez

{"title":"A wireless W-band 3D-printed temperature sensor based on a three-dimensional photonic crystal operating beyond 1000 ∘C","authors":"Jesús Sánchez-Pastor, Petr Kadĕra, Masoud Sakaki, Rolf Jakoby, Jaroslav Lacik, Niels Benson, Alejandro Jiménez-Sáez","doi":"10.1038/s44172-024-00282-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44172-024-00282-5","url":null,"abstract":"In addressing sensing in harsh and dynamic environments, there are no available millimeter-wave chipless and wireless sensors capable of continuous operation at extremely high temperatures. Here we present a fully dielectric wireless temperature sensor capable of operating beyond 1000 ∘C. The sensor uses high-Q cavities embedded within a three-dimensional photonic crystal resonating at 83.5 GHz and 85.5 GHz, and a flattened Luneburg lens enhances its readout range. The sensor is additively manufactured using Lithography-based Ceramic Manufacturing in Alumina (Al2O3). Despite the clutter, its frequency-coded response remains detectable from outside the furnace at 50 cm and at temperatures up to 1200 ∘C. It is observed that the resonance frequencies shift with temperature. This shift is linked to a change in the dielectric properties of Al2O3, which are estimated up to 1200 ∘C and show good agreement with literature values. The sensor is thus highly suitable for millimeter-wave applications in dynamic, cluttered, and high-temperature environments. Jesús Sánchez-Pastor and colleagues demonstrate a ceramic W-band wireless temperature sensor leveraging high-Q cavities within a three-dimensional photonic crystal. The sensor is additively manufactured in Alumina and can continuously operate at extreme temperatures above 1000 ∘C with potential applications in dynamic, cluttered, and high-temperature environments.","PeriodicalId":72644,"journal":{"name":"Communications engineering","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44172-024-00282-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142309251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Acoustically semitransparent nanofibrous meshes appraised by high signal-to-noise-ratio MEMS microphones 通过高信噪比 MEMS 麦克风评估半透明纳米纤维网。

Communications engineering Pub Date : 2024-09-23 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-024-00283-4

Hutomo Suryo Wasisto, Sebastian Anzinger, Giovanni Acanfora, Aloysius Farrel, Valentina Sabatini, Elisa Grimoldi, Vasco Marelli, Nikita Ovsiannikov, Konstantin Tkachuk, Giordano Tosolini, Carmine Lucignano, Marco Mietta, Guangzhao Zhang, Marc Fueldner, Erwin Peiner

{"title":"Acoustically semitransparent nanofibrous meshes appraised by high signal-to-noise-ratio MEMS microphones","authors":"Hutomo Suryo Wasisto, Sebastian Anzinger, Giovanni Acanfora, Aloysius Farrel, Valentina Sabatini, Elisa Grimoldi, Vasco Marelli, Nikita Ovsiannikov, Konstantin Tkachuk, Giordano Tosolini, Carmine Lucignano, Marco Mietta, Guangzhao Zhang, Marc Fueldner, Erwin Peiner","doi":"10.1038/s44172-024-00283-4","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44172-024-00283-4","url":null,"abstract":"Microelectromechanical system-based microphones demand high ingress protection levels with regard to their use in harsh environment. Here, we develop environmental protective components comprising polyimide nanofibers combined onto polyether ether ketone fabric meshes and subsequently appraise their impact on the electroacoustic properties of high signal-to-noise-ratio microelectromechanical system-based microphones via industry-standard characterizations and theoretical simulations. Being placed directly on top of the microphone sound port, the nanofiber mesh die-cut parts with an inner diameter of 1.4 mm result in signal-to-noise-ratio and insertion losses of (2.05 ± 0.16) dB(A) and (0.30 ± 0.11) dBFS, respectively, in electroacoustic measurements. Hence, a high signal-to-noise-ratio value of (70.05 ± 0.17) dB(A) can be maintained by the mesh-protected microphone system. Due to their high temperature stability, acoustic performance, environmental robustness, and industry-scale batch production, these nanofibrous meshes reveal high potential to be practically implemented in high-market-volume applications of packaged microelectromechanical system-based microphones. Hutomo Suryo Wasisto and colleagues develop a nanofiber-based mesh for improving the ingress protection level of microelectromechanical system (MEMS)-based microphone. Their device demonstrates high acoustic performance and environmental robustness.","PeriodicalId":72644,"journal":{"name":"Communications engineering","volume":" ","pages":"1-11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44172-024-00283-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142309252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Scintillation event imaging with a single photon avalanche diode camera 利用单光子雪崩二极管相机进行闪烁事件成像

Communications engineering Pub Date : 2024-09-18 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-024-00281-6

Alex Bocchieri, Edoardo Charbon, Andreas Velten

{"title":"Scintillation event imaging with a single photon avalanche diode camera","authors":"Alex Bocchieri, Edoardo Charbon, Andreas Velten","doi":"10.1038/s44172-024-00281-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44172-024-00281-6","url":null,"abstract":"Position and time measurements of scintillation events encode information about the radiation source. Single photon avalanche diode (SPAD) arrays offer multiple-megapixel spatial resolution and tens of picoseconds temporal resolution for detecting single photons. Current lensless designs for measuring scintillation events use sensors that are lower in spatial resolution. Camera-based designs use sensors that are lower in temporal resolution or readout rate and cannot image individual interactions. Here we propose to image scintillation events in a thick, monolithic scintillator using a high-resolution SPAD camera. We demonstrate that a commercial SPAD camera is able to gather sufficient signal to image individual scintillation events and observe 3D shifts in their spatial distribution. Simulations show that a SPAD camera can localize individual scintillation events in 3D. We report direct imaging of gamma-ray interactions in a scintillator with a SPAD camera. The proposed design may allow to measure complex signatures of individual particles interacting in the scintillator. Alex Bocchieri and colleagues propose an imaging technique in a thick, monolithic scintillator using a high-resolution SPAD camera. They report a direct imaging of gamma-ray interactions in a scintillator.","PeriodicalId":72644,"journal":{"name":"Communications engineering","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44172-024-00281-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142273336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interactive computer-aided diagnosis on medical image using large language models 利用大型语言模型对医学影像进行交互式计算机辅助诊断

Communications engineering Pub Date : 2024-09-17 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-024-00271-8

Sheng Wang, Zihao Zhao, Xi Ouyang, Tianming Liu, Qian Wang, Dinggang Shen

{"title":"Interactive computer-aided diagnosis on medical image using large language models","authors":"Sheng Wang, Zihao Zhao, Xi Ouyang, Tianming Liu, Qian Wang, Dinggang Shen","doi":"10.1038/s44172-024-00271-8","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44172-024-00271-8","url":null,"abstract":"Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) has advanced medical image analysis, while large language models (LLMs) have shown potential in clinical applications. However, LLMs struggle to interpret medical images, which are critical for decision-making. Here we show a strategy integrating LLMs with CAD networks. The framework uses LLMs’ medical knowledge and reasoning to enhance CAD network outputs, such as diagnosis, lesion segmentation, and report generation, by summarizing information in natural language. The generated reports are of higher quality and can improve the performance of vision-based CAD models. In chest X-rays, an LLM using ChatGPT improved diagnosis performance by 16.42 percentage points compared to state-of-the-art models, while GPT-3 provided a 15.00 percentage point F1-score improvement. Our strategy allows accurate report generation and creates a patient-friendly interactive system, unlike conventional CAD systems only understood by professionals. This approach has the potential to revolutionize clinical decision-making and patient communication. Wang et al. developed a machine learning strategy for improving large language model to understand and analyse visual medical information. Their framework seamlessly integrates medical image computer-aided diagnosis networks with large language models, converting medical image inputs into a clear and concise textual summary of the patient’s condition.","PeriodicalId":72644,"journal":{"name":"Communications engineering","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44172-024-00271-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142273367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0