Communications engineering最新文献

Bio-inspired multi-dimensional deep fusion learning for predicting dynamical aerospace propulsion systems.

Communications engineering Pub Date : 2024-11-29 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-024-00327-9

Michael Qian Vergnolle, Eastman Z Y Wu, Yanan Sui, Qian Wang

{"title":"Bio-inspired multi-dimensional deep fusion learning for predicting dynamical aerospace propulsion systems.","authors":"Michael Qian Vergnolle, Eastman Z Y Wu, Yanan Sui, Qian Wang","doi":"10.1038/s44172-024-00327-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44172-024-00327-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rapid and precise forecasting of dynamical systems is critical to ensuring safe aerospace missions. Previous forecasting research has primarily concentrated on global trend analysis using full-scale inputs. However, time series arising from real-world applications such as aerospace propulsion, exhibit a distinct dynamical periodicity over a limited timeframe. Here we develop a deep learning model, TimeWaves, to capture both global trends and local variations, through 3D spectrum-oriented interval extraction from an integrated viewpoint of biological perceptions. Specifically, a shared parameter fusion algorithm is employed to effectively integrate Fourier and Wavelet analyses, providing full and sliced 1D sequences to form 2D tensors that can be seamlessly processed by parameter-efficient inception blocks. Additionally, a dual-way learning workflow using TwinBlock, inspired by the cooperative behavior of visual cells, is implemented to enhance perception of dynamical multi-scale features at a reduced computational cost. TimeWaves demonstrates reliable and robust performance in predicting rocket combustion instability, a key challenge in the aerospace industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":72644,"journal":{"name":"Communications engineering","volume":"3 1","pages":"179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142755580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Perspectives on innovative non-fertilizer applications of sewage sludge for mitigating environmental and health hazards 从创新角度看污水污泥的非肥料应用，以减轻对环境和健康的危害

Communications engineering Pub Date : 2024-11-27 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-024-00298-x

Elham H. Fini, Mohammadjavad Kazemi, Lily Poulikakos, Georgy Lazorenko, Vajiheh Akbarzade, Anthony Lamanna, Peter Lammers

{"title":"Perspectives on innovative non-fertilizer applications of sewage sludge for mitigating environmental and health hazards","authors":"Elham H. Fini, Mohammadjavad Kazemi, Lily Poulikakos, Georgy Lazorenko, Vajiheh Akbarzade, Anthony Lamanna, Peter Lammers","doi":"10.1038/s44172-024-00298-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44172-024-00298-x","url":null,"abstract":"As waste production increases and resources become limited, sewage sludge presents a valuable resource with potential beyond traditional land use and incineration. This review emphasizes exploring innovative non-fertilizer applications of sewage sludges and advocates for viewing wastewater treatment plants as sources of valuable feedstock and carbon sequestration. Innovative uses include integrating sewage sludge into construction materials such as asphalt pavements, geopolymer, cementitious composites, and masonry blocks. These methods not only immobilize heavy metals and mitigate environmental hazards but also support carbon sequestration, contrasting with incineration and land application methods that release carbon into the atmosphere. The review also addresses emerging technologies like bio-adhesives, bio-binders for asphalt, hydrogels, bioplastics, and corrosion inhibitors. It highlights the recovery of valuable materials from sewage sludge, including phosphorus, oils, metals, cellulose, and polyhydroxyalkanoates as well as enzyme production. By focusing on these non-fertilizer applications, this review presents a compelling case for re-envisioning wastewater treatment plants as sources of valuable feedstock and carbon sequestration, supporting global efforts to manage waste effectively and enhance sustainability. Ellie Fini and co-authors investigate innovative and often overlooked methods for managing sewage sludge. Their work emphasizes how these alternative approaches can effectively reduce environmental hazards, such as heavy metal contamination and carbon emissions, while also fostering the development of value-added products.","PeriodicalId":72644,"journal":{"name":"Communications engineering","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44172-024-00298-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142737652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Insights from a multiscale framework on metabolic rate variation driving glioblastoma multiforme growth and invasion 从多尺度框架洞察驱动多形性胶质母细胞瘤生长和侵袭的代谢率变化

Communications engineering Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-024-00319-9

Meitham Amereh, Shahla Shojaei, Amir Seyfoori, Tavia Walsh, Prashant Dogra, Vittorio Cristini, Ben Nadler, Mohsen Akbari

{"title":"Insights from a multiscale framework on metabolic rate variation driving glioblastoma multiforme growth and invasion","authors":"Meitham Amereh, Shahla Shojaei, Amir Seyfoori, Tavia Walsh, Prashant Dogra, Vittorio Cristini, Ben Nadler, Mohsen Akbari","doi":"10.1038/s44172-024-00319-9","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44172-024-00319-9","url":null,"abstract":"Non-physiological levels of oxygen and nutrients within the tumors result in heterogeneous cell populations that exhibit distinct necrotic, hypoxic, and proliferative zones. Among these zonal cellular properties, metabolic rates strongly affect the overall growth and invasion of tumors. Here, we report on a hybrid discrete-continuum (HDC) mathematical framework that uses metabolic data from a biomimetic two-dimensional (2D) in-vitro cancer model to predict three-dimensional (3D) behaviour of in-vitro human glioblastoma (hGB). The mathematical model integrates modules of continuum, discrete, and neurons. Results indicated that the HDC model is capable of quantitatively predicting growth, invasion length, and the asymmetric finger-type invasion pattern in in-vitro hGB tumors. Additionally, the model could predict the reduction in invasion length of hGB tumoroids in response to temozolomide (TMZ). This model has the potential to incorporate additional modules, including immune cells and signaling pathways governing cancer/immune cell interactions, and can be used to investigate targeted therapies. Meitham Amereh and colleagues report a hybrid discrete-continuum model to predict the cancerous growth, invasion, and treatment response of glioblastoma tumours. Their in-silico model uses metabolic data from a biomimetic two-dimensional in-vitro cancer model to predict three-dimensional behaviour of in-vitro human glioblastoma.","PeriodicalId":72644,"journal":{"name":"Communications engineering","volume":" ","pages":"1-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44172-024-00319-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142716632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An energy-resolving photon-counting X-ray detector for computed tomography combining silicon-photomultiplier arrays and scintillation crystals 用于计算机断层扫描的能量分辨光子计数 X 射线探测器，结合了硅光电倍增管阵列和闪烁晶体。

Communications engineering Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-024-00313-1

Kenji Shimazoe, Donghwan Kim, Moh Hamdan, Yosuke Kobayashi, Kei Kamada, Masao Yoshino, Yasuhiro Shoji, Kyohei Sakamoto, Fabio Acerbi, Alberto Gola

{"title":"An energy-resolving photon-counting X-ray detector for computed tomography combining silicon-photomultiplier arrays and scintillation crystals","authors":"Kenji Shimazoe, Donghwan Kim, Moh Hamdan, Yosuke Kobayashi, Kei Kamada, Masao Yoshino, Yasuhiro Shoji, Kyohei Sakamoto, Fabio Acerbi, Alberto Gola","doi":"10.1038/s44172-024-00313-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44172-024-00313-1","url":null,"abstract":"X-ray photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT) has garnered considerable interest owing to its low-dose administration, high-quality imaging, and material decomposition characteristics. Current commercial PCCT systems employ compound semiconductor photon-counting X-ray detectors, which offer good energy resolution. However, the choice of materials is limited, and cadmium telluride or cadmium zinc telluride is mostly used. Although indirect radiation detectors can be used as alternatives to compound semiconductor detectors, implementing fine-pitch segmentation in such detectors is challenging. Here we designed an indirect fine-pitch X-ray photon-counting detector by combining miniaturized silicon photomultiplier arrays and fast scintillation crystals, with a pixel size of 250 µm, for future indirect PCCT. The fabricated array detector has the potential to discriminate photon energies with a 27% resolution at 122 keV, 296 µm spatial resolution, and charge-sharing inhibition ability. Kenji Shimazoe and co-authors present an indirect fine-pitch X-ray photon-counting detector by combining silicon photomultiplier arrays and fast scintillation crystals. The detector is capable of detecting the photons and differentiating them by the energy level.","PeriodicalId":72644,"journal":{"name":"Communications engineering","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44172-024-00313-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142717947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ultra-lightweight rechargeable battery with enhanced gravimetric energy densities >750 Wh kg−1 in lithium–sulfur pouch cell 超轻型充电电池，锂硫袋电池的重力能量密度大于 750 Wh kg-1。

Communications engineering Pub Date : 2024-11-25 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-024-00321-1

Kenji Kakiage, Toru Yano, Hiroki Uehara, Masaki Kakiage

{"title":"Ultra-lightweight rechargeable battery with enhanced gravimetric energy densities >750 Wh kg−1 in lithium–sulfur pouch cell","authors":"Kenji Kakiage, Toru Yano, Hiroki Uehara, Masaki Kakiage","doi":"10.1038/s44172-024-00321-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44172-024-00321-1","url":null,"abstract":"Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) rechargeable batteries have been expected to be lightweight energy storage devices with the highest gravimetric energy density at the single-cell level reaching up to 695 Wh kg(cell)−1, having also an ultralow rate of 0.005 C only in the first discharge. Sulfurized polyacrylonitrile (SPAN) is one of the sulfur-based active materials, which allows more freedom in the Li–S cell design because it shows no undesirable reactions with electrolyte solutions. Here we present an original Li–S pouch cell construction, ADEKA’s Lithium–Sulfur/Pouch Cell (ALIS-PC). It is an ultra-lightweight rechargeable battery cell, which is designed by combining the SPAN cathode and effective ten technologies involving chemical engineering. As a result, the highest gravimetric energy densities of 713 and 761 Wh kg(cell)−1 after some charge-and-discharge cycles, which were based on the total mass of all cell components, were achieved with successful operating at 0.1 and 0.05C-rates, respectively, significantly exceeding those of commercial lithium-ion and next-generation rechargeable batteries in development. Kenji Kakiage and colleagues report an ultra-lightweight Li-S pouch cell with a gravimetric energy density of 761 Wh/kg. They use sulfurized polyacrylonitrile as a cathode active material, combining ten technologies for rechargeable batteries.","PeriodicalId":72644,"journal":{"name":"Communications engineering","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.nature.com/articles/s44172-024-00321-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142717165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synergetic pyrolysis of lithium-ion battery cathodes with polyethylene terephthalate for efficient metal recovery and battery regeneration 利用聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯协同热解锂离子电池正极，实现高效金属回收和电池再生。

Communications engineering Pub Date : 2024-11-23 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-024-00317-x

Zhe Meng, Jinchuan Dai, Xiao-Ying Lu, Kehua Wu, Yonghong Deng, Jun Wang, Kaimin Shih, Yuanyuan Tang

{"title":"Synergetic pyrolysis of lithium-ion battery cathodes with polyethylene terephthalate for efficient metal recovery and battery regeneration","authors":"Zhe Meng, Jinchuan Dai, Xiao-Ying Lu, Kehua Wu, Yonghong Deng, Jun Wang, Kaimin Shih, Yuanyuan Tang","doi":"10.1038/s44172-024-00317-x","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44172-024-00317-x","url":null,"abstract":"Spent LiNixCoyMnzO2 (x + y + z = 1) and polyethylene terephthalate are major solid wastes due to the growing Li-ion battery market and widespread plastic usage. Here we propose a synergistic pyrolysis strategy to recover valuable metals by thermally treating LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 and polyethylene terephthalate. With polyethylene terephthalate assistance, LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 decomposes at 400 °C, and fully converts to Li2CO3, MnO, and Ni-Co alloy at 550 °C within 30 min, using a 1.0:0.3 mass ratio of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 to polyethylene terephthalate. Furthermore, density functional theory calculations confirm the preference for O-Li bonding. Surface adsorption and free radical/gaseous reduction reactions explain the role of polyethylene terephthalate in promoting lattice destruction. The complete decomposition facilitates efficient post-treatment, achieving over 99% recovery of Li, Ni, Co, and Mn via water washing. Regenerated LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 was synthesized by using recovered Li- and transition metal-containing products as feedstocks. This study provided a chemical-free, energy-saving, and scalable recovery strategy while addressing polyethylene terephthalate waste minimization. Zhe Meng and co-authors demonstrate the feasibility of synergetic pyrolysis of lithium-ion battery cathode materials with PET plastic for recovering Li and transition metals. They demonstrate a high recovery ratio and energy efficiency.","PeriodicalId":72644,"journal":{"name":"Communications engineering","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11585579/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142696068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Aerodynamics-guided machine learning for design optimization of electric vehicles 空气动力学引导的机器学习，用于电动汽车的优化设计。

Communications engineering Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-024-00322-0

Jonathan Tran, Kai Fukami, Kenta Inada, Daisuke Umehara, Yoshimichi Ono, Kenta Ogawa, Kunihiko Taira

{"title":"Aerodynamics-guided machine learning for design optimization of electric vehicles","authors":"Jonathan Tran, Kai Fukami, Kenta Inada, Daisuke Umehara, Yoshimichi Ono, Kenta Ogawa, Kunihiko Taira","doi":"10.1038/s44172-024-00322-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44172-024-00322-0","url":null,"abstract":"The transition to electric vehicles is driving a fundamental shift in the automobile design process. Changes in constraints afforded by the absence of a combustion engine create new opportunities for modifying vehicle geometries. Current approaches to optimizing vehicle aerodynamics require a vast amount of computational studies and physical experiments, which are expensive when performing parameter sweeps over conceivable geometric configurations, suggesting the need for more efficient surrogate models to assist analysis. Here we analyze a dataset of industry-quality automobile geometries with their associated aerodynamic performance obtained from experimentally validated, high-fidelity large-eddy simulations. We show that a relationship between these geometries and their respective aerodynamics can be extracted in a low-dimensional manner by leveraging a nonlinear autoencoder which is simultaneously trained to estimate the drag coefficient from the latent variables. We perform aerodynamic design optimization of vehicle designs by making use of the learned aerodynamic relationship in the low-order space obtained by the model. We demonstrate that the aerodynamic trends for the geometries produced from the optimization process show agreement with validation simulations. The findings of this work demonstrate the application of data-driven approaches to the analysis and design of vehicles in a production environment. Jonathan Tran and colleagues use aerodynamics-guided machine learning for the shape optimization of electric cars. Their approach saves computational time for high complexity engineering tasks, e.g., computational fluid dynamics-based design optimization.","PeriodicalId":72644,"journal":{"name":"Communications engineering","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11579422/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142683482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The future of battery data and the state of health of lithium-ion batteries in automotive applications 电池数据的未来和汽车应用中锂离子电池的健康状况。

Communications engineering Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-024-00299-w

Friedrich von Bülow, Felix Heinrich, William Arthur Paxton

引用次数: 0

Thermal imaging through hot emissive windows 通过热辐射窗进行热成像。

Communications engineering Pub Date : 2024-11-16 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-024-00316-y

Ciril Samuel Prasad, Henry O. Everitt, Gururaj V. Naik

引用次数: 0

A compact X-ray source via fast microparticle streams 通过快速微粒子流实现紧凑型 X 射线源。

Communications engineering Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-024-00323-z

Rolf Behling, Christopher Hulme, Gavin Poludniowski, Panagiotis Tolias, Mats Danielsson

{"title":"A compact X-ray source via fast microparticle streams","authors":"Rolf Behling, Christopher Hulme, Gavin Poludniowski, Panagiotis Tolias, Mats Danielsson","doi":"10.1038/s44172-024-00323-z","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44172-024-00323-z","url":null,"abstract":"The spatiotemporal resolution of diagnostic X-ray images is limited by the erosion and rupture of conventional stationary and rotating anodes of X-ray tubes from extreme density of input power and thermal cycling of the anode material. Conversely, detector technology has developed rapidly. Finer detector pixels demand improved output from brilliant keV-type X-ray sources with smaller X-ray focal spots than today and would be available to improve the efficacy of medical imaging. In addition, novel cancer therapy demands for greatly improved output from X-ray sources. However, since its advent in 1929, the technology of high-output compact X-ray tubes has relied upon focused electrons hitting a spinning rigid rotating anode; a technology that, despite of substantial investment in material technology, has become the primary bottleneck of further improvement. In the current study, an alternative target concept employing a stream of fast discrete metallic microparticles that intersect with the electron beam is explored by simulations that cover the most critical uncertainties. The concept is expected to have far-reaching impact in diagnostic imaging, radiation cancer therapy and non-destructive testing. We outline technical implementations that may become the basis of future X-ray source developments based on the suggested paradigm shift. Rolf Behling and colleagues propose a new X-ray source concept to improve the resolution of X-ray computed tomography and non-destructive testing and the efficacy of radiation cancer therapy by replacing the rotary anode with a fast stream of microparticles in the electron beam.","PeriodicalId":72644,"journal":{"name":"Communications engineering","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11568210/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142640119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0