Communications engineering最新文献_第2页

Porous-lift-off germanium membranes as lightweight, flexible, and cost-effective template for III-V space solar cells: a review. 作为III-V型空间太阳能电池的轻量化、柔性和高性价比模板的多孔锗膜：综述

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Communications engineering Pub Date : 2026-08-25 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-026-00759-5

Azmat Ali, Radouane En-Nadir, Chahinaz Khouloud Mahboub, Imad-Eddine Mokeddem, Ahmed Ayari, Brieuc Mével, Jérôme Ripa, Artur Turala, Alexandre Chapotot, Priyanka Proost, Rajiv Sharma, Jinyoun Cho, Kristof Dessein, Abderraouf Boucherif

{"title":"Porous-lift-off germanium membranes as lightweight, flexible, and cost-effective template for III-V space solar cells: a review.","authors":"Azmat Ali, Radouane En-Nadir, Chahinaz Khouloud Mahboub, Imad-Eddine Mokeddem, Ahmed Ayari, Brieuc Mével, Jérôme Ripa, Artur Turala, Alexandre Chapotot, Priyanka Proost, Rajiv Sharma, Jinyoun Cho, Kristof Dessein, Abderraouf Boucherif","doi":"10.1038/s44172-026-00759-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44172-026-00759-5","url":null,"abstract":"The growing demand for low-cost, lightweight, and high-efficiency space technologies has driven the search for photovoltaic solutions which minimize material use without sacrificing performance. III-V multijunction solar cells remain the state of the art for space power applications due to their exceptional efficiency and radiation resistance. Among III-V solar cells architectures, Germanium (Ge)-based structure remains widely used; however, their broader deployment is limited by reliance on thick and expensive Ge substrates. Germanium membranes, however, offer a promising path to address these limitations through substrate reuse strategies. This review highlights progress in the development of Ge membrane as a transformative platform for space photovoltaics, with a focus on porous Ge-based lift-off approaches while reusing Ge substrate. These methods enable the fabrication of detachable, monocrystalline Ge membrane through pore etching, epitaxial growth, porous transformation, layer lift-off and substrate reuse, significantly reducing Ge consumption and device weight. Two main fabrication routes for porous Ge formation are discussed: lithography-based dry etching using Ge-On-Nothing approach and electrochemical etching. The fundamentals of pore formation, thermal reorganization of porous, and subsequent III-V epitaxy are reviewed. Key challenges related to process uniformity, detachment scalability, and industrial integration are examined, and potential strategies for scalable manufacturing are outlined.","PeriodicalId":72644,"journal":{"name":"Communications engineering","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13507281/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148820355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mechanics-informed risk-aware learning for multiaxial structural reliability with Bayesian calibration. 基于贝叶斯校准的多轴结构可靠性力学风险意识学习。

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Communications engineering Pub Date : 2026-08-14 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-026-00752-y

Gaofeng Zhang, Xuanrui Yu, Anxiang Song, Hanguang Liu, Xinhong Lin, Xuyijin Zhang, Qianling Wang, Wentao Wang, Pandeng Zhang

{"title":"Mechanics-informed risk-aware learning for multiaxial structural reliability with Bayesian calibration.","authors":"Gaofeng Zhang, Xuanrui Yu, Anxiang Song, Hanguang Liu, Xinhong Lin, Xuyijin Zhang, Qianling Wang, Wentao Wang, Pandeng Zhang","doi":"10.1038/s44172-026-00752-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44172-026-00752-y","url":null,"abstract":"Reliable prediction of structural vulnerability under complex multiaxial loading remains challenging due to nonlinear load couplings, imbalanced failure-critical samples, and limited model interpretability. Here, we present a mechanics-informed, risk-aware learning framework integrating polynomial-harmonic feature augmentation, Weibull-based risk reweighting, and a unified Degradation Risk Score that combines stress margins and bolt pretension loss. Demonstrated on a bolted steering-knuckle assembly with finite-element-derived multiaxial load-response data, the framework improves multiple linear regression from R² = 0.37 to 0.96 with a 67% reduction in RMSE, while enhancing robustness and sensitivity in high-risk regimes across ensemble and neural network models. SHAP analysis confirms that physically meaningful multiaxial interaction features dominate predictions, revealing critical load paths associated with structural vulnerability. Finally, Bayesian logistic and Weibull calibration provide a route to link Degradation Risk Score to component-level failure probabilities, enabling probabilistic risk assessment and reliability-centred decision-making in practical engineering systems.","PeriodicalId":72644,"journal":{"name":"Communications engineering","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13476256/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148763513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Equal access in urban spaces: Gendered perspectives and actions for greater equity. 城市空间的平等准入：性别视角和促进平等的行动。

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Communications engineering Pub Date : 2026-08-14 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-026-00753-x

Natasha Watson

引用次数: 0

Four years on: following the pathway to real world impact of engineering research. 四年来：跟随工程研究走向现实世界的影响。

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Communications engineering Pub Date : 2026-07-31 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-026-00743-z

Michele Polese, Josep M Jornet, Lorne Hofstetter, Omid Yaghmazadeh, Goran Goranović, Jan Kloppenborg Møller, Amira Abdel-Rahman

引用次数: 0

Impact in engineering research: more than a number. 对工程研究的影响：不止一个数字。

IF 7

Communications engineering Pub Date : 2026-07-31 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-026-00744-y

引用次数: 0

Millisecond magnetic particle imaging of a cerebral aneurysm phantom with and without flow diverter stent. 颅内动脉瘤幻像伴及不伴分流支架的毫秒磁粉成像。

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Communications engineering Pub Date : 2026-07-29 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-026-00726-0

Olaf Kosch, Augusto Fava Sanches, Yigit Özpeynirci, Thomas Liebig, Frank Wiekhorst

引用次数: 0

Self-deploying reinforced concrete structures. 自展钢筋混凝土结构。

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Communications engineering Pub Date : 2026-07-23 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-026-00725-1

Ezra Ben-Abu, Anna Zigelman, Hod Lipson, Amir D Gat

引用次数: 0

Mass spectrometry imaging reveals different allocation of the starting steps of benzalkonium biotransformation in wastewater biofilms. 质谱成像揭示了苯扎铵在废水生物膜中生物转化起始步骤的不同分配。

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Communications engineering Pub Date : 2026-07-22 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-026-00731-3

Min Qiu, Yrsa Larsson, James McKenzie, Vaidotas Kisielius, Raquel Gonzalez de Vega, David Clases, Daniel Heffernan, Kai Bester, Nicole Strittmatter

{"title":"Mass spectrometry imaging reveals different allocation of the starting steps of benzalkonium biotransformation in wastewater biofilms.","authors":"Min Qiu, Yrsa Larsson, James McKenzie, Vaidotas Kisielius, Raquel Gonzalez de Vega, David Clases, Daniel Heffernan, Kai Bester, Nicole Strittmatter","doi":"10.1038/s44172-026-00731-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44172-026-00731-3","url":null,"abstract":"In urban water engineering, biofilm reactors are often used to remove organic micropollutants from water both in drinking water production and wastewater treatment. However, the functioning of multispecies biofilms is largely unknown. We used mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) to reveal spatially localized reactions of the pollutant benzalkonium chloride to test whether the degradation reactions are evenly distributed over the biomass or localized in reactive centers. Here we show, that several reactions can be localized. It can thus be concluded that the few microorganisms that can metabolize these pollutants are not evenly (homogeneously) distributed over the biofilm. We also show that the different biotransformations have different reaction centers, especially i) the oxidation of the terminal carbon atom by ω-oxidation, followed by both α- and β-oxidation, and ii) the second hydroxylation to form bis-hydroxy derivatives are located differently. Thus, these two different reactions are conducted by different microbial complexes or microcolonies. These differed further in their lipid patterns, which were measured in the same MSI analysis. These findings could have vast impact on designing biofilms for wastewater engineering as they provide a new analytical tool that can tell which domains in a multispecies biofilm need to be promoted for dedicated tasks.","PeriodicalId":72644,"journal":{"name":"Communications engineering","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13586143/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148992689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A bulk acoustic resonator with vertical electrodes for wideband filters. 带垂直电极的体声谐振器，用于宽带滤波器。

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Communications engineering Pub Date : 2026-07-21 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-026-00733-1

Silvan Stettler, Edgar Navarro-Gessé, Carlos Collado, Jordi Mateu, Luis Guillermo Villanueva

引用次数: 0

High-throughput super-resolution imaging chip based on miniaturized full-frequency encoded-illumination. 基于小型化全频编码照明的高通量超分辨率成像芯片。

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Communications engineering Pub Date : 2026-07-21 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-026-00722-4

Xiaoyu Yang, Haonan Zhang, Yuqi Zhang, Feihong Lin, Mingwei Tang, Tawfique Hasan, Clemens F Kaminski, Xu Liu, Qing Yang

{"title":"High-throughput super-resolution imaging chip based on miniaturized full-frequency encoded-illumination.","authors":"Xiaoyu Yang, Haonan Zhang, Yuqi Zhang, Feihong Lin, Mingwei Tang, Tawfique Hasan, Clemens F Kaminski, Xu Liu, Qing Yang","doi":"10.1038/s44172-026-00722-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44172-026-00722-4","url":null,"abstract":"Super-resolution microscopy has become an indispensable core research tool in biology, materials science and medicine, yet existing technologies face an inherent bottleneck where resolution, large field of view (FOV), label-free compatibility and system cost cannot be simultaneously optimized. A miniaturized full-frequency encoded illumination (mini-FEI) chip is presented for high-throughput super-resolution imaging using the spatial frequency shift (SFS) effect. We propose a tunable continuous SFS method for across far-field and near-field illumination modulation, which is achieved through propagating and evanescent waves. The multi-illumination modes are precisely and flexibly modulated by an encoded LED array. The light travels to the sample via a set of prisms, producing super-resolution images with high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Mini-FEI super-resolution imaging reaches a resolution of 333 nm ( ~ λ/4NA), while maintaining a large FOV of ~1 mm2. The method is validated on label-free samples including USAF Target, Star Target, onion root tip cells, and live COS7 cells, all of which could be successfully reconstructed. Through the introduction of integrated LED arrays for evanescent wave excitation, expensive laser systems can be avoided and the system significantly miniaturized. The mini-FEI super-resolution imaging chip is simple and cost-effective to fabricate, is compatible with commercial microscopes, and thus holds great potential for widespread deployment in scientific and industrial research.","PeriodicalId":72644,"journal":{"name":"Communications engineering","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":7.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148551511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0