Communications engineering最新文献_第3页

Orbital debris requires prevention and mitigation across the satellite life cycle. 需要在整个卫星生命周期内预防和减缓轨道碎片。

Communications engineering Pub Date : 2025-05-26 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-025-00430-5

Mia M Bennett

引用次数: 0

Industrial-scale prediction of cement clinker phases using machine learning. 利用机器学习对水泥熟料相进行工业规模预测。

Communications engineering Pub Date : 2025-05-24 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-025-00432-3

Sheikh Junaid Fayaz, Néstor Montiel-Bohórquez, Shashank Bishnoi, Matteo Romano, Manuele Gatti, N M Anoop Krishnan

{"title":"Industrial-scale prediction of cement clinker phases using machine learning.","authors":"Sheikh Junaid Fayaz, Néstor Montiel-Bohórquez, Shashank Bishnoi, Matteo Romano, Manuele Gatti, N M Anoop Krishnan","doi":"10.1038/s44172-025-00432-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44172-025-00432-3","url":null,"abstract":"Cement production exceeds 4.1 billion tonnes annually, emitting 2.4 billion tonnes of CO2 annually, necessitating improved process control. Traditional models, limited to steady-state conditions, lack predictive accuracy for clinker mineralogical phases. Here, using a comprehensive two-year industrial dataset, we develop machine learning models that outperform conventional Bogue equations with mean absolute percentage errors of 1.24%, 6.77%, and 2.53% for alite, belite, and ferrite prediction respectively, compared to 7.79%, 22.68%, and 24.54% for Bogue calculations. Our models remain robust under varying operations and are evaluated for uncertainty and rare-event scenarios. Through post hoc explainable algorithms, we interpret the hierarchical relationships between clinker oxides and phase formation, providing insights into the functioning of an otherwise black-box model. The framework can potentially enable real-time optimization of cement production, thereby providing a route toward reducing material waste and ensuring quality while reducing the associated emissions under real-world conditions.","PeriodicalId":72644,"journal":{"name":"Communications engineering","volume":"4 1","pages":"94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12103584/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144144713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Low power, non-intrusive 3D localization for underwater mobile robots. 低功耗、非侵入式水下移动机器人三维定位。

Communications engineering Pub Date : 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-025-00422-5

Suryansh Sharma, Daniel Van Passen, R Venkatesha Prasad, Kaushik Chowdhury

{"title":"Low power, non-intrusive 3D localization for underwater mobile robots.","authors":"Suryansh Sharma, Daniel Van Passen, R Venkatesha Prasad, Kaushik Chowdhury","doi":"10.1038/s44172-025-00422-5","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44172-025-00422-5","url":null,"abstract":"Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) face persistent challenges in localization compared to their counterparts on the ground due to limitations with methods like Global Positioning System (GPS). We propose a novel system for localization, Pisces, that leverages the Angle of Arrival (AoA) and Received Signal Strength Ratio (RSSR) of robot-mounted blue LED signals. This method provides a spectrally efficient training-free solution for estimating 3D underwater positions. The system remains effective despite high water turbidity with a relatively low impact on marine life compared to similar acoustic methods. Pisces is less complex, computationally efficient, and uses less power than camera-based solutions. Pisces enables robust relative localization, especially in swarms of robots with the potential for additional applications like docking. We demonstrate high localization accuracy with a Mean Absolute Error (MAE) of 0.031 m at 0.32 m separation and 0.16 m MAE at 1 m separation. Moreover, it achieved this with minimal power consumption, utilizing only 11 mA of transmitter LED current and performing 3D localization within 10 ms for distances up to 3 m.","PeriodicalId":72644,"journal":{"name":"Communications engineering","volume":"4 1","pages":"93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12102152/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144133143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantum transport through a constriction in nanosheet gate-all-around transistors. 纳米片栅全能晶体管中的量子输运。

Communications engineering Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-025-00435-0

Kyoung Yeon Kim, Hong-Hyun Park, Seonghoon Jin, Uihui Kwon, Woosung Choi, Dae Sin Kim

{"title":"Quantum transport through a constriction in nanosheet gate-all-around transistors.","authors":"Kyoung Yeon Kim, Hong-Hyun Park, Seonghoon Jin, Uihui Kwon, Woosung Choi, Dae Sin Kim","doi":"10.1038/s44172-025-00435-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44172-025-00435-0","url":null,"abstract":"In nanoscale transistors, quantum mechanical effects such as tunneling and quantization significantly influence device characteristics. However, large-scale quantum transport simulation remains a challenging field, making it difficult to account for quantum mechanical effects arising from the complex device geometries. Here, based on large-scale quantum transport simulations, we demonstrate that quantum geometrical effects in stacked nanosheet GAAFETs significantly impact carrier injection characteristics. Discontinuities in confinement energy at the constriction-the junction between the bulk source/drain and nanosheet channel-cause substantial carrier backscattering. This degradation becomes more severe as electrons experience higher effective energy barriers, and is further exacerbated at lower scattering rate, lower doping concentrations, and near Schottky barriers where electron depletion regions form. Considering these quantum mechanical bottlenecks, proper device optimization for future technology nodes requires a full quantum-based device structure design at the large-scale level, which enables unique optimization strategies beyond conventional classical prediction.","PeriodicalId":72644,"journal":{"name":"Communications engineering","volume":"4 1","pages":"92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12098892/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144128408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Magnetic localization and manipulation of locking synchronous motors. 锁定同步电机的磁定位与操作。

Communications engineering Pub Date : 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-025-00424-3

Michiel Richter, Lukas Masjosthusmann, Pavlo Makushko, Venkatasubramanian Kalpathy Venkiteswaran, Denys Makarov, Sarthak Misra

{"title":"Magnetic localization and manipulation of locking synchronous motors.","authors":"Michiel Richter, Lukas Masjosthusmann, Pavlo Makushko, Venkatasubramanian Kalpathy Venkiteswaran, Denys Makarov, Sarthak Misra","doi":"10.1038/s44172-025-00424-3","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44172-025-00424-3","url":null,"abstract":"Three-dimensional (3D) localization of magneto-surgical devices is essential for safe and efficient navigation. However, existing magnetic localization methods either limit device miniaturization due to internal sensors or require additional excitation fields and external sensor arrays. Herein, we formulate a localization method based on the special properties of rotating magnetic dipoles, which allow reconstruction of position and rotation axis from a single external tri-axial magnetometer. The rotating dipole is realized through a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) that can reversibly (un)lock using the heat-induced phase transition of a low melting point alloy. Sequential localization and manipulation is performed by an external mobile electromagnet equipped with a single eye-in-hand Hall effect sensor. We describe the PMSM's thermal and magnetic properties, formulate the governing localization equations, quantify and validate 3D tracking of PMSM pose trajectory, and demonstrate sequential localization and manipulation in a benchtop experiment.","PeriodicalId":72644,"journal":{"name":"Communications engineering","volume":"4 1","pages":"91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12098917/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electro-quasistatic and resonant cavity car body communication. 静电准静态与谐振腔车身通信。

Communications engineering Pub Date : 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-025-00405-6

David Yang, Shreyas Sen

{"title":"Electro-quasistatic and resonant cavity car body communication.","authors":"David Yang, Shreyas Sen","doi":"10.1038/s44172-025-00405-6","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44172-025-00405-6","url":null,"abstract":"Wired protocols such as Controller Area Network (CAN) dominate in-vehicle communication today. While reliable, these protocols entail intricate installation procedures. Recent advancements in communication technologies utilizing Electro-Quasistatic Fields (EQS) through conductors have ushered in alternative communication techniques. This work introduces EQS car body communication, recognizing the potential of the car's chassis as a medium to confine EQS fields. This alternative approach offers a new modality for efficient intra-vehicle wireless communication, addressing power efficiency and physical security concerns. Furthermore, this research demonstrates that a vehicle can be treated as a resonant cavity, providing low-loss, wideband channels for high-speed communication. Theoretical analysis, electromagnetic simulations, and measurements conducted in a consumer-grade vehicle highlight the viability of these new intra-vehicle communication techniques. This fundamentally new approach utilizes different physical modalities, harnessing the car medium itself and opening doors to modalities that have the potential to augment or even replace existing communication in automotive systems.","PeriodicalId":72644,"journal":{"name":"Communications engineering","volume":"4 1","pages":"90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12095667/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144121553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Quantitative Particle Identification (QPID) spectral autoradiography system. 一种定量粒子识别（QPID）光谱放射自成像系统。

Communications engineering Pub Date : 2025-05-15 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-025-00426-1

Stephen S Adler, Noriko Sato, Kwamena E Baidoo, Frank I Lin, Woonghee Lee, Colleen P Olkowski, Freddy E Escorcia, Peter L Choyke

{"title":"A Quantitative Particle Identification (QPID) spectral autoradiography system.","authors":"Stephen S Adler, Noriko Sato, Kwamena E Baidoo, Frank I Lin, Woonghee Lee, Colleen P Olkowski, Freddy E Escorcia, Peter L Choyke","doi":"10.1038/s44172-025-00426-1","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44172-025-00426-1","url":null,"abstract":"Autoradiography is used to study the distribution and binding of radioisotope tagged ligands in tissue at microscale among other applications. The technology has evolved since its inception when it used analogue film exposure techniques with the introduction of digital imaging systems sensitive to ionizing radiation. We report on the development of our Quantitative Particle Identification spectral autoradiography system (QPID), which is based on the Timepix3 sensor and a gamma detecting scintillation crystal. This autoradiography system leverages the ionizing radiation detection features of the Timepix3 to measure the energy deposition from charged particles from radioisotopes with a time resolution of 7.7 ns full width at half max (FWHM), generating spectral or activity autoradiography images. The QPID includes a scintillation crystal used to record gamma emissions coincident with the Timepix3 ionization events with a time resolution of 24.2 ns FWHM. The QPID can separate tracks between α and ß particles, select specific ranges of deposited energies or select on the presence of coincident gamma emissions within a selected energy range when generating images. The QPID has a 10% linearity response up to 700 Bq for 223Ra and 2.5 kBq for 18 F radioisotopes. Using α and ß+ particle identification filters, separate images of 223RaCl2 and Na18F activity distributions were generated from a bone sample infused with the two radioligands together. This unique capability can open the door to the study of targeted radiotherapies which use theranostic α and ß+ imaging agents by measuring their relative pharmacokinetic properties.","PeriodicalId":72644,"journal":{"name":"Communications engineering","volume":"4 1","pages":"89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12081844/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144082344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Enhanced ultrasound particle image velocimetry (E-uPIV) enables fast flow mapping of microvasculature. 增强超声颗粒图像测速（E-uPIV）实现微血管的快速血流映射。

Communications engineering Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-025-00423-4

Jingyi Yin, Jiabin Zhang, Dongdong Liang, Daichao Chen, Jue Zhang

引用次数: 0

An integrated wireless system for dynamic strain monitoring of Einel-rad-Einelfahrwerk bogies for high-speed rail transport. 一种用于高速铁路转向架动态应变监测的集成无线系统。

Communications engineering Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-025-00429-y

FengLong Wang, Yating Yu, Zhiwen Luo, Lai Wei, Jing Zeng, Guiyun Tian

{"title":"An integrated wireless system for dynamic strain monitoring of Einel-rad-Einelfahrwerk bogies for high-speed rail transport.","authors":"FengLong Wang, Yating Yu, Zhiwen Luo, Lai Wei, Jing Zeng, Guiyun Tian","doi":"10.1038/s44172-025-00429-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s44172-025-00429-y","url":null,"abstract":"As critical load-bearing components of high-speed trains, bogies endure multidirectional alternating loads during long-term operation, making their dynamic strain characteristics and structural integrity pivotal to operational safety. Therefore, real-time dynamic strain monitoring of bogies is essential for predicting and preventing high-speed train accidents. Compared to traditional Non-Destructive Testing and Evaluation (NDT&E) methods, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) sensors are more suitable for Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) due to their wireless capabilities and cost-effectiveness. Here we propose a wireless real-time monitoring system that utilizes integrated RFID tags with microcontrollers and sensor modules for real-time dynamic strain monitoring of Einel-rad-Einelfahrwerk (EEF) bogies. The microcontroller converts analog signals into digital, enhancing environmental interference resistance. The RFID tags wirelessly transmit digital signals to readers and host computers. To verify accuracy and real-time dynamic strain detection capabilities of designed system, experiments were conducted in laboratory settings and on-site with high-speed train bogies. Experimental results validate the system's 200 Hz dynamic strain detection capability with a 70 cm operational range. Laboratory calibrations within 600-1400 με exhibited absolute errors <19.39 με (2.07%). On-site tests on bogies revealed absolute errors of 5.08 με (7.50%) for axle strain and 7.59 με (7.66%) for wheel hub lateral strain under operational conditions.","PeriodicalId":72644,"journal":{"name":"Communications engineering","volume":"4 1","pages":"87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12078583/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144082355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Integration of acoustic, optical, and electrical methods in picoliter droplet microfluidics for rare particles enrichment. 集成声学、光学和电学方法在皮升液滴微流体中富集稀有粒子。

Communications engineering Pub Date : 2025-05-13 DOI: 10.1038/s44172-025-00427-0

Huasheng Zhuo, Chunhua He, Canfeng Yang, Xian Jiang, Fan Li, Xiangliang Yang, Hai Yang, Tuying Yong, Zhiyong Liu, Yan Ma, Lei Nie, Guanglan Liao, Tielin Shi

{"title":"Integration of acoustic, optical, and electrical methods in picoliter droplet microfluidics for rare particles enrichment.","authors":"Huasheng Zhuo, Chunhua He, Canfeng Yang, Xian Jiang, Fan Li, Xiangliang Yang, Hai Yang, Tuying Yong, Zhiyong Liu, Yan Ma, Lei Nie, Guanglan Liao, Tielin Shi","doi":"10.1038/s44172-025-00427-0","DOIUrl":"10.1038/s44172-025-00427-0","url":null,"abstract":"Rare particle enrichment plays a pivotal role in advancing numerous scientific research areas and industrial processes. Traditional enrichment methods encounter obstacles such as low efficiency, high cost, and complexity. Acoustic focusing, optical fiber detection, and electrical manipulation have shown potential in microfluidics for particle manipulation and analysis. This study pioneers the integration of the acoustic, optical, and electrical units to overcome the traditional limitations. The cooperative dynamics of acoustic and flow focusing are explored. The optical fibers with an enhanced detection algorithm greatly boost optical detection sensitivity. Furthermore, the droplet charging to enhance the tip charging phenomenon is complemented and validated. The detection and sorting accuracy of enriching large-size H22 cells reached 99.8% and 99.3%, respectively, with the target cell concentration increased by nearly 86-fold. Our work significantly enhances detection sensitivity and particle manipulation accuracy, ultimately offering a robust and reliable solution for generating droplets to enrich rare particles.","PeriodicalId":72644,"journal":{"name":"Communications engineering","volume":"4 1","pages":"86"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12075572/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144059356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0