3 Biotech最新文献

{"title":"Beyond the genome: unveiling tissue-specific non-coding RNAs in clove (<i>Syzygium aromaticum L.</i>).","authors":"Nitesh Kumar Sharma, Dwijesh Chandra Mishra, Baibhav Kumar, Sudhir Srivastava, Krishna Kumar Chaturvedi, Awani Kumar Singh, Sharanbasappa D Madival, Neeraj Budhlakoti, Girish Kumar Jha","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04251-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04251-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Clove (<i>Syzygium aromaticum</i>), valued for its role in food preservation and medicine, has recently drawn research interest for its noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). This study discovers 3274 long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and 2404 circular RNAs (circRNAs) from publicly available RNAseq data. We identified the regulation of 834 genes through miRNA-lncRNA-mRNA network interactions. Additionally, 35 lncRNAs were predicted as precursors for 17 microRNAs (miRNAs), highlighting their role in post-transcriptional regulation. Tissue-specific analysis of circRNAs revealed their interaction with 1047 miRNAs and competing for binding sites on 2382 messenger RNAs (mRNAs). These results underscore their involvement in complex regulatory networks. To support further research and development, we developed SaroNcRDb (http://backlin.cabgrid.res.in/saroncrdb/), a web resource providing detailed insights into the types, chromosomal locations, tissue distributions, and interactions of identified ncRNAs. The findings pave the way for future studies to harness the regulatory roles of ncRNAs in improving Clove's agronomic traits and secondary metabolite production.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 4","pages":"81"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11891123/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"POGZ targeted by LINC01355/miR-27b-3p retards thyroid cancer progression via interplaying with MAD2L2.","authors":"Jiancan Lu, Xinglu Zhou, Hongling Zhu, Mei Zou, Lianyong Liu, Xiangqi Li, Mingjun Gu","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04231-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04231-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the high morbidity of thyroid cancer (THCA), the underlying molecular pathology remains elusive. That autism-associated protein POGZ has recently been involved in tumorigenesis intrigues us exploring its relevant molecular regulatory network in THCA. Clinical characteristics and intermolecular relationships were dissected by bioinformatics. Interaction between POGZ and MAD2L2 was examined by Co-IP assay. Targeting relationships between miR-27b-3p and POGZ/LINC01355 was verified by sequence prediction and dual-luciferase reporter detection. Cellular effects of genes were assessed by CCK-8 assay, clone formation assay, and Transwell assay, and further confirmed by a tumor-bearing nude mice model. Our results demonstrated a decrease in POGZ expression in THCA tissues and cell lines, and an interaction between POGZ and MAD2L2 protein. POGZ inhibited both the proliferation and motility of THCA cells, with these effects being reversed upon MAD2L2 silencing. LINC01355 exhibited low expression level and a positive correlation with POGZ in THCA. Both miR-27b-3p and LINC01355 were identified as regulators of POGZ through targeting. Elevated miR-27b-3p suppressed POGZ expression. LINC01355 promoted POGZ and counteracted the inhibitory effects of miR-27b-3p. Furthermore, miR-27b-3p increased the proliferation and motility of THCA cells, an effect that was blocked by LINC01355. At the animal level, POGZ, LINC01355, and MAD2L2 all attenuated tumor growth in THCA. Collectively, POGZ restrains THCA growth by interacting with MAD2L2 protein, and POGZ modulation involves a complex interplay orchestrated by LINC01355-targeted miR-27b-3p. By reporting the first POGZ-focused ceRNA network involving noncoding RNA in THCA, our study paves the way for exploring POGZ-related pathways and developing new therapeutic strategies in cancer.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-025-04231-7.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 4","pages":"79"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11890915/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of CRISRP/Cas9-based TP53-knockout pig muscle stem cells for use in the cultured meat industry.","authors":"Witsanu Srila, Amorn Pangjantuk, Phongsakorn Kunhorm, Nipha Chaicharoenaudomrung, Parinya Noisa","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04225-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04225-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Muscle satellite cells (MSCs) are essential for cultured meat production although their restricted lifespan and diminished stemness during prolonged culture pose significant limitations. This study established immortalized porcine MSCs using <i>TP53</i> gene deletion with the CRISPR/Cas9 technology. Several <i>TP53</i>-knockout (KO) clones were generated, exhibiting indel alterations and monoallelic and biallelic deletions. These clones exhibited markedly prolonged cellular lifespans compared to wild-type cells, overcoming the constraints of senescence. The growth rates and the proliferation marker (ki67) gene expression (passage 20) in the <i>TP53</i>-KO clones were dramatically elevated compared to the WT cells. All <i>TP53</i>-KO clones demonstrated a loss of stemness, proliferation, and muscle differentiation marker gene expression during long-term cell culture except for Desmin expression in the <i>TP53</i>-KO 42 clone. Immortalized <i>TP53</i>-KO clones maintained the ability to express muscle-specific protein markers compared to wild-type cells. Moreover, all clones had non-tumorigenic behavior, except <i>TP53</i>-KO clones 41 and 42, which displayed tumorigenic potential. <i>TP53</i>-KO clones demonstrated enhanced myogenic differentiation efficiency after multiple passages in comparison to wild-type cells. The results highlight the potential of <i>TP53</i>-KO MSCs as a cellular resource for future cultured meat production.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-025-04225-5.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 4","pages":"92"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920550/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced therapeutic approach for vaginal candidiasis: chitosan nanoparticulate thermoreversible in situ gels for sustained clotrimazole delivery.","authors":"Veintramuthu Sankar, Rajendran Selvakumar, R Narmadha, V G Jaishree","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04240-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04240-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to develop and evaluate clotrimazole (CLZ)-loaded chitosan (CS) nanoparticles in a thermoreversible in situ gel for treating vaginal candidiasis (VC). Chitosan nanoparticles (CS-NPs) were prepared using ionotropic gelation with optimization through the design of experiments (DoE), considering factors such as chitosan pH, sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) pH, the ratio of chitosan to TPP, and drug. Under optimal conditions (pH of CS, TPP, CS: TPP, and drug at 2, 2, 4:1, and 10 mg), nanoparticles exhibited desirable properties: particle size of 101.7 nm, polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.108, zeta potential of 35.4, and encapsulation efficiency of 98.36%. Thermoreversible in situ gels incorporating poloxamer (PXM) 407 and 188 were produced via the cold method and evaluated for mechanical and physicodynamic properties. It was found that nanoparticulate thermoreversible gel (NTG) prepared with 24% PXM 407, 4% PXM 188, 0.5% HPMC E-50, or 0.5% chitosan is suitable for vaginal administration, since it fulfills the in situ gel characteristics such as pH (4.7), gelation temperature and time (36 ℃ ± 0.2 and 4 ± 0.2 min), and viscosity (2690 cP (centipoise) at 25 ℃ and 15,600 cP at 37 ℃). In vitro release studies for the developed formulation showed 98% drug release over 72 h, with an extended residence time compared to the marketed formulation. In vitro antifungal and cytocompatibility studies revealed that the developed NTG was effective against VC and free from cytotoxicity.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 4","pages":"71"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11876479/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143565758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using carotenoid extracted from <i>Kocuria</i> sp.: determination of antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-human breast cancer activities.","authors":"Fatemeh Taghipour, Shahrzad Shahbazi, Somayeh Reiisi, Leila Shabani","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04261-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04261-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In recent decades, nanotechnology has emerged as a promising field with diverse medical applications. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) exhibit several biological activities. The aim of the current study was to investigate antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-breast cancer properties of green-synthesized Ag NPs. To achieve this, Ag NPs were synthesized using <i>Kocuria</i> sp., and their successful formation and physicochemical properties were evaluated using UV-vis, FTIR, XRD, DLS, zeta potential analysis, SEM, and TEM. The antioxidant capacity of Ag NPs was evaluated using a DPPH scavenging assay. The antimicrobial effects of the Ag NPs were tested on two Gram-negative bacteria (<i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>) and two Gram-positive bacteria (<i>Bacillus subtilis</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>) using a 96-well plate. HUVEC, MCF7, and MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with varying concentrations of Ag NPs, and cell viability, migration, and apoptosis rates were assessed using MTT, scratch, and flow cytometry assays, respectively. Additionally, qPCR was performed to analyze the expression levels of some genes involved in apoptosis, such as caspases 3, 8, and 9. Characterization techniques confirmed the successful synthesis of pure crystalline structures and spherical Ag NPs. Antioxidant and antimicrobial assays demonstrated the significant antioxidant capacity of the Ag NPs and their antibacterial properties against all tested bacteria. Moreover, in vitro studies indicated that Ag NPs effectively inhibited cell proliferation, suppressed migration, and induced apoptosis, likely owing to the upregulation of caspase 3, 8, and 9 and BCL2 downregulation genes. Our findings suggest that green-synthesized Ag NPs using carotenoids extracted from <i>Kocuria</i> sp. might serve as promising antibacterial and anti-breast cancer agents; however, more in vitro and in vivo investigations are required to elucidate the therapeutic potential of Ag NPs.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 4","pages":"91"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11920494/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide scan for SNPs and selective sweeps reveals candidate genes and QTLs for milk production and reproduction traits in Indian Kankrej cattle.","authors":"Raja Thiruvothur Venkatesan, Alex Rani, Singh Umesh, Kumar Sushil, Das Achintya Kumar, Pulapet Sowmya, Markkandan Kesavan, Rathod Bharat Singh, H H Panchasara, Singh Amit Kumar, Rani Chhaya","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04263-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-025-04263-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Genome-wide identification and annotation of SNPs and selective sweeps was done in Kankrej cattle using the ddRAD sequencing method. Identified 1,983,581 SNPs and nearly half (48.81%) of the effects were found in intron region. Around 624 SNPs annotated in 215 candidate genes were associated with various milk production and reproduction traits. The degree of heterozygosity as 0.2907 against expected heterozygosity of 0.3216. Identified 300 candidate selective sweeps and functional profiling of genes in selective sweep regions resulted with 20 significant (adj <i>p</i> < 0.05) functions. Functional annotation revealed 53.2% of QTLs for milk association while 15.33% for production association, 10.68% for reproduction association, and 8.4% for exterior association. The functional enrichment analysis revealed the presence of significant QTLs in 14 chromosomes. The QTL for milk protein percentage was identified as the top most significant milk type along with the milk potassium content, milk casein percentage, milk yield, milk fat yield, etc. The interval to first estrus after calving, age at puberty, calving interval, conception rate, and birth index were some of the significant QTLs identified for reproduction traits. Genes related to keratinization indicated the selection signature in relation to environmental stressors contributing to adaptation of animals to tropical climatic condition.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-025-04263-z.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 4","pages":"90"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11909306/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143646663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of novel strategies against the threats of drug-resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i>: an in silico and in vitro investigation.","authors":"Alakesh Maity, Awantika Das, Ritwik Roy, Moumita Malik, Sharmistha Das, Payel Paul, Ranojit Kumar Sarker, Sarita Sarkar, Anirban Dasgupta, Poulomi Chakraborty, Prosun Tribedi","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04246-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04246-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>) biofilms pose alarming threats in healthcare due to their invulnerability to drug therapy. Stand-alone therapies of antimicrobial compounds/antibiotics are not particularly effective against those resistant strains. However, combination therapy of compounds could be used to deal with such threats. Towards this direction, the natural compound cuminaldehyde was employed in combination with the aminoglycoside antibiotic tobramycin to target the biofilm-forming multidrug-resistant (MDR) clinical strains of <i>E. coli</i>, which were isolated from urine samples of patient's at Suraksha Diagnostic Private Limited (Kolkata, India). At first, an integrated in silico approach (PASS online, Swiss ADME, PROTOX 3.0, and OSIRIS) was explored to predict the potential biological activities, and other relevant pharmacokinetic parameters of cuminaldehyde and tobramycin. The in silico analysis suggested that tobramycin might not be bioavailable orally due to its molecular size, polarity, and poor GI absorption. However, cuminaldehyde was well absorbed in the GI but could cause irritation if swallowed in LD50 amounts. Further, in vitro assessments were performed to analyse the antimicrobial and antibiofilm activity of both compounds, alone and in combination, against clinical strains of <i>E. coli</i>. The results suggested that cuminaldehyde and tobramycin together could show an additive effect against the clinical strains of <i>E. coli</i>. The combination of the compounds showed a substantial decrease in minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and biofilm formation compared to individual application. The present study indicates that combinatorial application involving cuminaldehyde and tobramycin could inhibit the formation of biofilms in <i>E. coli</i>, potentially aiding in the management of microbial infections.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-025-04246-0.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 4","pages":"77"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11885756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143584272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptome analyses reveal key genes related to pod dehiscence of adzuki bean (<i>Vigna angularis L.</i>).","authors":"Donghao Wang, Siyu Zuo, Ying Zhang, Pu Zhao, Gulinuer Tuoheti, Bo Zhao, Ping Wan, Liwei Chu, Kai Yang","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04255-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04255-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To investigate the mechanism of pod dehiscence in adzuki bean, RNA sequencing was utilized to analyze transcriptomes in the ventral and dorsal sutures of pods from two dehiscence-resistant accessions and two dehiscence-susceptible accessions. A total of 943 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Through the Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) metabolic enrichment pathways, 34 genes related to pod dehiscence were identified. The genes associated with pod dehiscence primarily encode enzymes involved in cell wall modification, including pectin esterase, cellulose synthase, glucosyltransferase, glycoside hydrolase, D-galactosidase, peroxidases, and transcription factors from the MADS-box gene family. The genes exhibit significant enrichment in pathways such as \"Pentose and glucuronate interconversions,\" \"Galactose metabolism,\" \"Fructose and mannose metabolism,\" \"Starch and sucrose metabolism,\" and \"Biosynthesis of secondary metabolites.\" These components primarily play a role in modifying the cell wall, regulating the biochemistry of cells in the dehiscence zone of the pod, and influencing the physiological and metabolic processes of the ventral and dorsal sutures of the pod. This study examined transcript level variations between adzuki bean varieties resistant and susceptible to pod dehiscence, specifically focusing on the ventral and dorsal sutures. The findings offer novel perspectives for elucidating the pod dehiscence regulatory network in adzuki bean and provide valuable genetic resources to guide pod dehiscence-resistant breeding in adzuki bean.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-025-04255-z.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 4","pages":"80"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11891120/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and evaluation of core microsatellite panel for fingerprinting in oil palm.","authors":"B Kalyana Babu, K Suresh, G Ravichandran, P Anitha, R K Mathur, M V B Venu, Narayana Ruthwek, B Susanthi, M Mahesh","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04262-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-025-04262-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of the present study was to identify the core microsatellite panel from different genetic backgrounds of oil palm (Indian and African countries) and validate it in progenies from different crosses. Molecular characterization of 311 African germplasm and 4 germplasm blocks consisting of 420 palms including 120 exotic germplasm was performed using 500 simple sequence repeats (SSRs). The polymorphism parameters such as polymorphism information content (PIC), allelic richness, gene diversity (<i>He</i>), and heterozygosity (<i>Ho</i>) were used to develop the core SSR panel of 30 loci. High PIC was observed in the exotic germplasm (0.91) followed by African germplasm (0.84). High polymorphism was observed in germplasm block 7, with a mean PIC of 0.62, 0.64 for gene diversity (<i>He</i>) and 0.41 for heterozygosity (<i>Ho</i>), followed by higher PIC (0.50) in African germplasm and higher gene diversity (0.61) in germplasm block 3. High allele number (10) was observed with African germplasm followed by the germplasm block 7 (8). Based on the polymorphism parameters, the 150 SSRs were further reduced to 30 microsatellites distributed across all 16 chromosomes of the oil palm, designated as core microsatellite panel. This was validated on four crosses and two self-crosses. The clustering patterns resulting from the 150 SSR panel and the core SSR panel were similar in all 6 crosses, indicating that the developed SSR panel is sufficient to identify true-to-type, finger printing and for identifying illegitimate palms.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-025-04262-0.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 4","pages":"89"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11908995/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143646665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Astaxanthin: a nature's versatile compound utilized for diverse applications and its therapeutic effects.","authors":"Anjali Bharti, Vinita Hooda, Utkarsh Jain, Nidhi Chauhan","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04241-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-025-04241-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Astaxanthin (ASTX), red-colored xanthophyll, also known as the \"king of carotenoids\" exhibits a strong antioxidant property that can be naturally found in green algae <i>Haematococcus pluvialis,</i> red yeast <i>Phaffia rhodozyma</i>, and various aquatic species including salmon, krill, trout, and fish eggs. Due to their strong antioxidant qualities, ASTX nanoparticles may be crucial in fighting against phytotoxicity caused by heavy metal ions. Similarly, it may also reduce the uptake of heavy metal, i.e. cadmium, and translocation by improving the morpho-physiological profiles of plants. Furthermore, it can also have the ability to scavenge free radicals, therefore, it can protect plants from reactive oxygen species (ROS). Implementing ASTX nanoparticles on crops can also help to achieve higher food production while minimizing toxic effects. Additionally, it can also possess several therapeutic activities including anti-cancerous, anti-diabetic, antioxidant, anti-aging, anti-inflammation, hepatoprotective, and cardiovascular, etc. that can be beneficial to treat various types of diseases in humans and animals. Recently, it has gained more interest in food, agriculture, aquaculture, neutraceuticals, and pharmaceutical industries due to its wide range of applications including food-coloring agents, food supplements, and strong antioxidant property that helps in skin protection, and boosts immune function. However, ASTX possesses poor water solubility and chemical stability so the implementation of ASTX on human health is facing various issues. Therefore, nanoencapsulation of ASTX is very crucial to improve its chemical stability and solubility, ultimately leading to its bioavailability and bioaccessibility. Recently, ASTX has been commercially available with specific dosages in the market mainly in the form of tablets, gels, powders, creams, syrups, etc. The current review mainly highlights the present state of ASTX nanoparticle applications in various fields explaining its natural and synthetic sources, extraction methods, chemical structure, stability, nanoformulations, nano encapsulation, and various commercial aspects.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 4","pages":"88"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11909355/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143646732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}