3 Biotech最新文献

{"title":"Directed mutagenesis in fruit crops.","authors":"Rajdeep Mohanta, Payal Maiti, Amit Baran Sharangi, Sourav Roy, Soham Hazra, Souvik Chakraborty, Subhadwip Ghorai","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04268-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04268-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fruit crops are rich source of important vitamins, minerals, and dietary fibres. They are essential for global agriculture with respect to nutritional security. Globally, there is a rapid decline in the genetic base of fruit crops warranting breeding strategies to overcome the challenge. Applied mutagenesis has emerged as a viable approach for the focused enhancement of fruit crops utilizing precise genetic alterations to increase a variety of desirable characteristics. However, traditional mutagenesis using physical and chemical mutagens are majorly random in nature. Directed mutagenesis with advancements in genetic engineering and molecular technology allows precise manipulation of genes, which facilitates the efficient and precise knockout of target genes and the targeted insertion or modification of specific DNA sequences within the genome via homologous recombination (HR)-mediated gene replacement. This review presents an in-depth exploration of several directed mutagenesis techniques including CRISPR-Cas9, TILLING, TALEN, MutMap, and MutMap + emphasizing their transformative applications in fruit crops. It also discusses about space mutagenesis. These advanced techniques empower researchers to precisely introduce specific mutations into the genome, skilfully altering gene expression and reshaping protein function with remarkable precision. This review highlights successful examples of directed mutagenesis in a variety of fruit crops such as apples, grapes, citrus, and strawberries and elucidates the impact of directed mutagenesis on traits such as fruit size, colour, flavour, shelf-life, and resistance to diseases and environmental stresses.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 4","pages":"104"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11958931/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification and validation of hypoxia-responsive signature pathways in human cardiomyocytes.","authors":"Dolly Sharma, Karuna, Harshita Gupta, Avinash Gupta, Manisha Kumari, Rajeev Varshney, Ramesh C Meena","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04271-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04271-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study was designed to investigate the effect of hypoxia (1% O₂) for 24 h in human AC16 cells by analyzing alterations in the expression of cardiac markers and signature pathways using immunocytochemistry and next-generation sequencing respectively. The Gene set enrichment analysis and Cytoscape software were used for data analysis and visualization respectively. Sequencing data validation and functional characterization were done using flow cytometry, qRT-PCR, an antibody array, and immunoblotting. The result revealed that the expression levels of troponins decreased; however, the expression levels of VEGF-A and HIF-alpha increased under hypoxia compared with unexposed control. A total of 2120 genes corresponding to 457 gene sets were significantly altered, 153 of which were significantly upregulated and 304 of which were downregulated in hypoxic cardiomyocytes. The significantly altered gene sets corresponded to key cellular and molecular pathways, such as cardiac hypertrophy, transcription factors, microRNAs, mitochondrial abnormalities, RNA processing, cell cycle, and biological oxidation pathways. Thus, this analysis revealed multiple pathways associated with hypoxia which provides valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying human cardiomyocytes, identifying potential targets for addressing cardiac illnesses induced by hypoxia.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-025-04271-z.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 4","pages":"103"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11958886/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143771071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Leiotrametes flavida</i> MTCC 12927 laccase: scaleup, purification and its application for dye decolourisation enhanced by water-soluble mediator TEMPOL.","authors":"George Sebastian Antony, Mannankatti Ramkumar, Baskaran Sujiritha, Negi Vikash, Krishnasamy Rajaram, Ponesakki Ganesan, Nirakulam Ayyadurai, Numbi Ramudu Kamini","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04259-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04259-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Laccase production from an isolated white rot fungus identified as <i>Leiotrametes flavida</i> MTCC 12927 was optimised in flasks, scaled up in 5 and 10 L working volume fermenters and purified to homogeneity. Purified laccase was tested for its decolourisation potential on 3 dyes: Basic Red 46 (azo class), Acid Blue 9 (triarylmethane class) and Reactive Blue 21 (phthalocyanine class). TEMPOL (4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl), a less expensive water-soluble hydroxy derivative of mediator TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-yl) oxidanyl), was tested as a mediator which had not been reported before to our knowledge along with well-known mediators hydroxybenzotriazole (HBT) and syringaldehyde (SYD). Laccase in the presence of HBT could decolourise all the 3 dyes. Basic Red 46 and Acid Blue 9 were completely decolourised in 4 and 8 h, respectively. Reactive Blue 21 showed a decolourisation of 70.3% compared to 50.3% with TEMPOL and 20% with the enzyme alone. Laccase + TEMPOL combination was significantly better than HBT in decolourising azo dye Basic Red 46 completely within 30 min compared to 4 h for HBT. Furthermore, laccase TEMPOL and HBT combinations were also tested in azo dye-containing tannery effluent. TEMPOL showed a higher decolourisation rate of 36% compared to 22% for the latter. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) analysis of treated effluent samples showed a COD reduction of 23.2% for laccase + TEMPOL treatment and 19.2% for laccase + HBT compared to 7.8% with laccase alone. TEMPOL showed potential as a low-cost, water-soluble mediator for azo dye decolourisation.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-025-04259-9.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 4","pages":"106"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11961788/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fostering kappa (κ)-carrageenan hydrogels with the power of a natural crosslinker: a comparison between tender coconut water and potassium chloride (KCl) for therapeutic applications.","authors":"Atharva Markale, Tarun Mateti, K Likhith, S Supriya Bhatt, K M Rajesh, Vishwanath Managuli, Manasa Nune, Ritu Raval, Pradeep Kumar, Goutam Thakur","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04254-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04254-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the potential of tender coconut water as a natural alternative to potassium chloride (KCl) to crosslink κ-carrageenan hydrogels. κ-Carrageenan hydrogels crosslinked with tender coconut water, KCl, and their combination were formulated with diclofenac sodium as model drug, and their morphology, chemical bonding, compressive strength, water uptake capacity, degradation resistance, and cytotoxicity were assessed. The results showed that crosslinking κ-carrageenan hydrogels with both tender coconut water and KCl increased their compressive strength by up to 450%, provided excellent water retention capacity, and resulted in only 5% degradation after 20 days. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that crosslinking the hydrogel with both tender coconut water and KCl compacted its morphological structure, which remained biocompatible when tested with 3T3 cells. Infrared analysis confirmed that incorporated diclofenac sodium remained inert during preparation of the hydrogel matrices. Furthermore, the in vitro release behavior and antimicrobial properties of the hydrogels were assessed. The drug release profile from hydrogels crosslinked with both tender coconut water and KCl was sustained over 24 h. Such hydrogels also showed a unique antibacterial activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>) and <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>)-with the activity against <i>E. coli</i> being more pronounced. In conclusion, these results confirm that crosslinking with tender coconut water and KCl is a superior alternative to just with KCl for κ-carrageenan hydrogels.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-025-04254-0.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 4","pages":"87"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11908996/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143646662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of nanobionics to improve the photosynthetic productivity in plants and algae: an emerging approach.","authors":"Komal Pandey, Chitralekha Nag Dasgupta","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04244-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04244-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The domain of nanobionics has gained attention since its inception due to its potential applicability in plant, microalgal treatments, productivity enhancement. This review compares the intake and mobilization of nanoparticles (NPs) in plant and algal cell. In plants, NPs enter from root or other openings, and then carried by apoplastic or symplastic transport and accumulated in various parts, whereas in algae, NPs enter via endocytosis, passive transmission pathways, traverse the algal cell cytoplasm. This study demonstrated the mechanisms of metal-based NPs such as zinc (Zn), silver (Ag), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), titanium (Ti), and silica (Si) for seed priming or plant treatments to improve productivity. These metal NPs are used as nano-fertilizer for plant growths. It has also been observed that these NPs can reduce pathogenic infection and help to cope up with environmental stresses including heavy metals contamination such as arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), and lead (Pb). Overall, the photosynthetic productivity increases through NPs as it increases ability to enhance light capture, improve electron transport, and optimize carbon fixation pathways and withstand stresses. These advancements not only elevate biomass production in plant improving agricultural output but also support the sustainable generation of biofuels and bioproducts from algae.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 4","pages":"74"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11885746/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143584289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenylethanoid glycoside-enriched fraction of <i>Clerodendrum glandulosum</i> ameliorates oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction via PGC1α/TFAM upregulation.","authors":"Puspanjali Khound, Nonibala Gurumayum, Sagar Ramrao Barge, Partha Pratim Sarma, Rajlakshmi Devi","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04235-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04235-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Clerodendrum glandulosum</i> is utilized as a soup or vegetable in Northeast India and has been reported to exhibit a range of medicinal and pharmacological properties. Its use in traditional cuisine and medicine highlights its potential importance in both dietary and therapeutic applications. This study focuses on the bioactive potential of the ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) derived from the hydro-alcoholic extract of <i>C. glandulosum</i> leaves against palmitate-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. The EAF exhibited significant radical scavenging activities, with IC₅₀ values of 29.56 µg/mL (ABTS inhibition) and 36.61 µg/mL (DPPH inhibition). Additionally, EAF demonstrated strong anti-glycation properties, effectively reducing fructosamine levels and protein carbonylation while increasing total thiol content. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of several bioactive compounds--namely verbascoside, isoverbascoside, and ferulic acid--associated with potential biological activities. Chromatographic analysis showed that verbascoside is the primary compound, with a concentration of 240.41 ± 8.62 µg/mg. Furthermore, EAF pretreatment significantly lowered the levels of reactive oxygen species, DNA damage, and lactate dehydrogenase release in palmitate-induced cells. During extracellular flux analysis for mitochondrial and glycolysis stress tests, EAF treatment demonstrated effective recovery of mitochondrial respiration and ATP production in palmitate-induced cells. EAF also upregulated essential mitochondrial markers, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), which enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis and function. Overall, our study underscores the potential of the EAF from <i>Clerodendrum glandulosum</i> as a therapeutic agent to mitigate oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. This study suggests the efficacy of the active compounds for further development of phytopharmaceutical interventions for metabolic syndrome and related disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 4","pages":"85"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11896902/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental design for assessing the degradation of tannery azo dyes and real-time effluent.","authors":"P Aarthi, M Fathima Hajara, S Hemalatha, I Faridha Begum","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04242-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04242-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Tannery wastewater (TWW) is highly complex and is characterised by high contents of organic, inorganic, and nitrogenous compounds, sulphides, chromium, dissolved solids, and suspended solids. Therefore, our novelty lies in identifying the microbes which are used to degrade harmful azo dyes present in tannery effluent. Based upon the rising problems in tannery industries, the untreated effluent is discharged; to achieve zero effluent, the organisms are isolated from tannery effluent identified as <i>Aeromonas hydrophila</i> (OQ690635) and screened against the degradation potential against the azo dyes and further processed the azo dye-degrading organism for 16S rRNA sequencing. The optimisation was done in various parameters, which resulted in the highest 94% degradation at 37 °C of 7 pH at the 60th hour in 10% of inoculum concentration, which influenced azo dye degradation and confirmed the degradation profile by FT-IR secondary alcohol, alkyne group, alcohol and nitro compounds, isothiocyanate, amine salt, alkyne had been removed and confirmed, also the treated Real-time effluent by novel bacteria which has shown 93% of degradation and also degradation profile by FT-IR and proven toxic free confirmed by GC-MS analysis. Thus, the bacteria isolated in this study can be used as eco-friendly biological expedients for the remediation and detoxification of azo dyes. This could be considered an efficient treatment method for various industrial effluents, as it provides zero sludge disposal during the treatment of industrial effluents.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 4","pages":"105"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11961844/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143778715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient production of the high-intensity natural sweetener siamenoside I by the exo-1,3-beta glucanase (Exo15) from <i>Meyerozyma guilliermondii</i> LHGNSJ-VS01.","authors":"Hongjiang Wang, Haifeng Xie, Ailing Zhong, Qilin Xie","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04260-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04260-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The scarcity of siamenoside I (SI) hindered its widespread application. Addressing this challenge, we devised an innovative biocatalytic strategy and biological solution for large-scale SI production. Endo 15, an endophyte from <i>Siraitia grosvenorii</i>, exhibited excellent proficiency in SI synthesis, achieving a remarkable 50.65% SI abundance. By harnessing the extracellular protein of Endo 15 (EP), we further escalated SI abundance to 83.59 ± 2.5%, accompanied by full substrate conversion. Delving into the underlying mechanisms, we identified Exo15, a distinct functional protein derived from EP, displaying merely 48.88% amino acid similarity to the yeast exo-1,3-beta glucanase (Exg1). Successfully overexpressing Exo15 in <i>E. coli</i>, we confirmed its functionality in line with EP. Exo15 exhibited exceptional catalytic prowess, efficiently hydrolyzing mogroside V into the high-potency sweetener SI, with unparalleled activity and specificity. Our groundbreaking approach yielded an impressive SI titer of 54 g/L, coupled with an average conversion rate of 2.5 g/L per hour. These outstanding outcomes underscore the immense potential of Exo15 in cost-effective industrial production of the premium natural sweetener, siamenoside I, paving the way for its widespread adoption.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-025-04260-2.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 4","pages":"94"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11926301/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143690645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibitory effects of silver and copper oxide nanoparticles, synthesized using <i>Juglans regia</i> green husk aqueous extract, on human insulin fibrillation.","authors":"Setayesh Shevidi, Seyyed Abolghasem Ghadami, Parinaz Ghadam, Neda Arghand","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04257-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04257-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent research indicates that nanoparticles can serve as tools for the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. This study investigates the inhibitory effects of silver and copper oxide nanoparticles, synthesized using <i>Juglans regia</i> green husk aqueous extract, on human insulin fibrillation. Initially, the formation of amyloid fibrils in recombinant human insulin protein was examined under various buffers and by altering physicochemical conditions, such as pH and temperature, identifying optimal conditions for fibril formation. The nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized for size using dynamic light scattering (DLS), morphology via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and surface charge through zeta potential analysis. Utilizing biochemical and biophysical techniques, including turbidimetry, DLS, SEM, and fluorescence spectroscopy, we demonstrate that both nanoparticle types effectively inhibit insulin fibrillation, with copper nanoparticles exhibiting superior efficacy. Bioinformatics analyses, combined with zeta potential measurements, suggest that the inhibitory effects of the nanoparticles arise from interactions with charged regions of the insulin molecule. These findings highlight the critical role of nanoparticle characteristics in modulating protein aggregation and present promising therapeutic potential for addressing amyloid-related diseases. Future research should aim to optimize nanoparticle design and evaluate their pharmacokinetics to improve their clinical applicability.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 4","pages":"98"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11930910/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143708059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biofilm-mediated bioremediation of xenobiotics and heavy metals: a comprehensive review of microbial ecology, molecular mechanisms, and emerging biotechnological applications.","authors":"Argajit Sarkar, Surajit Bhattacharjee","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04252-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04252-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Environmental pollution, driven by rapid industrialization and urbanization, has emerged as a critical global challenge in the twenty-first century. This comprehensive review explores the potential of bacterial biofilms in bioremediation, focusing on their ability to degrade and transform a wide array of pollutants, including heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants (POPs), oil spills, pesticides, and emerging contaminants, such as pharmaceuticals and microplastics. The unique structural and functional characteristics of biofilms, including their extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) matrix, enhanced genetic exchange, and metabolic cooperation, contribute to their superior pollutant degradation capabilities compared to planktonic bacteria. Recent advancements in biofilm-mediated bioremediation include the application of genetically engineered microorganisms, nanoparticle-biofilm interactions, and innovative biofilm reactor designs. The CRISPR-Cas9 system has shown promise in enhancing the degradative capabilities of biofilm-forming bacteria while integrating nanoparticles with bacterial biofilms demonstrates significant improvements in pollutant degradation efficiency. As global pollution rises, biofilm-based bioremediation emerges as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach to address diverse contaminants. This review signifies the need for further research to optimize these techniques and harness their full potential in addressing pressing environmental challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 4","pages":"78"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11889332/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143584270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}