3 Biotech最新文献

{"title":"Defense to <i>Sclerotium rolfsii</i> in groundnut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.) is associated with vascular tissue compactness and expression of genes coding for pathogenesis-related (PR) proteins.","authors":"Sujit Kumar Bishi, Alok Ranjan, Bhubaneswar Pradhan, Suryakant Manik, Dinesh Vakharia","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04211-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04211-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Sclerotium rolfsii</i> is the causal agent of stem rot of many crops, a highly destructive disease of groundnut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L<i>.</i>). Based on evidence that many groundnut genotypes have an inherent ability to tolerate the pathogenicity of <i>Sclerotium</i> species, twenty-two genotypes of groundnut were screened against <i>Sclerotium rolfsii</i> infection in sick plot field experiment; four genotypes, namely CS19, GG16, GG20 and TG37A, were selected as being the most tolerant, moderately tolerant, susceptible and highly susceptible to stem rot, respectively. Stem tissues (1cm from the collar region) from infected and healthy plants of four selected genotypes differing in <i>Sclerotium rolfsii</i> susceptibility were examined using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Differential formation and deposition of tyloses, calcium-oxalate, and fibrillar networks were observed in xylem tissue elements in tolerant and susceptible genotypes in infected plants. To elucidate the mechanisms underlying the defense responses and tolerance to stem rot in groundnut plants, the patterns of pathogenesis-related proteins (<i>PR</i>) and polygalacturonase inhibiting protein (<i>PGIP</i>) gene expression in the selected genotypes were studied using qRT-PCR. Genes encoding PR-proteins are the most important inducible defense-related antifungal proteins and the genes encoding PGIP that inhibit the pectin-depolymerizing were highly expressed in the tolerant genotype as compared to the susceptible genotype, suggesting that PR and PGIP are important components for <i>Sclerotium rolfsii</i> tolerance in groundnut. Results of cis-regulatory elements analysis of <i>PGIP</i> promoter regions showed enrichment of ERF, MYB and bHLH transcription factors binding sites that are known to be preferentially and co-ordinately expressed during various stresses.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-025-04211-x.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 2","pages":"44"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11739059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of orphan genes in twelve <i>Musa</i> (sub)species.","authors":"Qingwen Ren, Yat-Yuen Lim, Chee How Teo","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04213-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04213-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Orphan genes (OGs), also known as lineage-specific genes, are species-specific genes that play a crucial role in species-specific adaptations to various stresses. Although OGs have been identified in several plant species, there is no information on OGs in banana genomes. This study aimed to systematically identify OGs in twelve banana (sub)species using comparative genomics. The results showed that OG content varied widely among these (sub)species, from 0.4% in <i>Musa itinerans</i> to 7.3% in <i>Ensete glaucum</i>. Genetic structure analysis showed that banana OGs have significantly shorter protein lengths, smaller molecular weight, fewer exons, and shorter exon lengths than non-orphan genes (NOGs). Subcellular localization predictions showed that banana OGs are mainly found in the chloroplast, nucleus, and cytosol, and are evenly distributed across chromosomes. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses suggested that OGs may be involved in cellular processes, metabolic processes, and molecular transport. The transcriptome analysis of 9 AAA cultivars against 4 M<i>. acuminata</i> subspecies genomes showed the OGs content. Analysis of gene expression in <i>M. acuminata</i> subsp<i>. malaccensis</i> showed 75 differentially expressed (DE) OGs in response to abiotic stresses and 46 DE OGs related to biotic stresses, indicating that these OGs might play important roles in response to abiotic and biotic stresses. This study provides a foundation for further in-depth research into the functions of OGs in bananas.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-025-04213-9.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 2","pages":"41"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11732818/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microwave-synthesized NiZrO₃@GNP and NiZrO3@MWCNT nanocomposites: enhanced antimicrobial efficacy against biofilms and <i>Mycobacterium smegmatis</i>.","authors":"J John Benitto, J Judith Vijaya, Thenmozhli Geetha Saravanan, Radhakrishnan Manikkam, Bhavesh H Budhi","doi":"10.1007/s13205-024-04201-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-024-04201-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The persistent challenge posed by antibiotic-resistant bacteria and tuberculosis necessitates innovative approaches to antimicrobial treatment. This study explores the synthesis and characterization of NiZrO₃ nanoparticles integrated with graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), using a microwave-assisted green synthesis route, employing fenugreek (<i>Trigonella foenum-graecum</i>) seed extract as a gelling agent. The synthesised nanocomposites were systematically analyzed using XRD, FT-IR, Raman spectroscopy, HR-SEM and HR TEM analysis to assess structural, optical, and morphological properties. The antimicrobial and antibiofilm efficacy was evaluated against drug-resistant strains, including <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i>, by well diffusion method and crystal violet-Microtitre plate (CV-MtP) method. Notably, the NiZrO₃@MWCNT composite exhibited a maximum antibacterial inhibition zone of 13 mm and showed superior biofilm inhibition of 92.8% against K. pneumoniae at 500 ppm. In contrast, NiZrO₃@GNP demonstrated a biofilm inhibition of 97% at 500 ppm. Furthermore, the microplate Alamar Blue assay (MABA) was employed to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against <i>Mycobacterium smegmatis</i> (MTS) with NiZrO₃@MWCNT achieving 96% inhibition and at 500 ppm. These results confirm the enhanced antimicrobial efficacy of the carbon-integrated nanocomposites over pure NiZrO₃, which showed limited activity. This research underscores the promise of NiZrO₃-based nanocomposites as advanced antimicrobial agents, offering a novel strategy to combat the global health threat of antibiotic resistance.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-024-04201-5.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 2","pages":"35"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11707131/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142942419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"α-Amylase inhibitory potential of dihydropyrano coumarins: In silico and DFT analysis.","authors":"Pooja Garg, Harshil Samir Bhatt, Sanjit Kumar Roy, Sabbasani Rajasekhara Reddy","doi":"10.1007/s13205-024-04194-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-024-04194-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coumarin derivatives are one of the naturally occurring bioactive molecule. Dihydropyrano coumarins are one of the medicinally important derivatives of coumarin which have been reported to exhibit various bioactivity. However, there are no reports on their antihyperglycemic activities. Herein, we report their antihyperglycemic potential through α-Amylase inhibition. In this study, a series of 24 derivatives of dihydropyrano coumarins was synthesized and studied for alpha-Amylase inhibitory activity. All the derivatives of dihydropyrano coumarins (4a-x) were screened via molecular docking studies against human pancreatic alpha-Amylase (PDB id: 2QV4) followed by DNS assay to check their α-Amylase inhibitory potential. Six derivatives with <i>o</i>-chloro(4b), <i>o</i>-nitro(4c), <i>p</i>-nitro(4o), <i>p</i>-cyano(4q), <i>p</i>-allyloxy(4t) and <i>m, p</i>-dimethoxy(4v) displayed best binding with the α-Amylase enzyme via H-bond and Pi-alkyl interactions. Also, their physicochemical parameters revealed their drug likeliness. Further through DNS assay, minimal inhibitory concentration, i.e., IC₅₀ values of these six derivatives were calculated. All the six derivatives possess IC₅₀ values in the range 5.67 ± 0.02 to 8.92 ± 0.64 µM comparable to standard acarbose (0.85 ± 0.01 µM). Further DFT analysis gave a comparative study of band gap energy of most potent compound 4o with that of standard acarbose.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-024-04194-1.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 2","pages":"38"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11724822/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142976996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploration of leads from bis-indole based triazine derivatives targeting human aldose reductase in diabetic type 2: in-silico approaches.","authors":"Miah Roney, Abdul Rashid Issahaku, Md Nazim Uddin, Anke Wilhelm, Mohd Fadhlizil Fasihi Mohd Aluwi","doi":"10.1007/s13205-024-04178-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-024-04178-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetes mellitus (DM) poses a major global healthcare challenge, highlighting the need for new treatments beyond current options. Currently available drugs have side effects including weight gain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, insulin resistance etc. Therefore, given the benefits of indole derivatives in diabetes and the lack of computational studies on bis-indole-based triazine derivatives with aldose reductase (AR), this study employs in-silico analysis to explore their potential as type-2 diabetes treatments. Based on the Differential Expression analysis, the human aldose reductase (HAR) encoding gene AKR1B1 showed overexpression in GSE30122 diabetes patients (Log2FC = 0.62, <i>P</i> < 0.01). Moreover, the compounds 2-((5,6-di(1H-indol-3-yl)-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)thio)-1-(3-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl)ethan-1-one (4) and 2-((5,6-di(1H-indol-3-yl)-1,2,4-triazin-3-yl)thio)-1-(4-nitrophenyl)ethan-1-one (8) were identified as leading candidates, showing binding energies of - 62.12, - 81.73 kcal/mol and - 57.19, - 85.97 kcal/mol, respectively. Docking, MM/GBSA screening, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, PCA, and post-MM/GBSA analysis confirmed their stability and favorable binding compared to the apo protein and control. Further in-vitro, in-vivo, and clinical studies are required to validate their therapeutic potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11635081/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multilocus gene characterization of a '<i>Candidatus</i> Phytoplasma trifolii'-related strain (16SrVI-D) associated with witches' broom and stunting disease of <i>Gelbionis coronaria</i> (L.).","authors":"Priyam Panda, Shivani Gupta, Govind P Rao","doi":"10.1007/s13205-024-04198-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-024-04198-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During November-December of 2019, severe witches' broom along with little leaf and stunting symptoms was observed in <i>Glebionis coronaria</i> at Indian Institute of Sugarcane Research, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh with an average disease incidence of 20%. An amplicon of ~ 1.3 kb of 16S rRNA gene was amplified in symptomatic <i>C</i>. <i>coronarium</i> plants using universal phytoplasma-specific nested primer pairs (P1/P7 followed by 3Fwd/3Rev). Additionally, in another host, <i>Catharanthus roseus</i>, growing in near beds and the leafhopper species <i>Hishimonus phycitis</i>, amplification of similar amplified products were obtained using the similar nested PCR primer pairs. Further, phytoplasma presence was confirmed by amplifying non-ribosomal genes including <i>secA, rp</i> and <i>secY</i> in the symptomatic <i>G. coronaria, Catharanthus roseus</i> and <i>Hishimonus phycitis</i> using gene-specific primers of <i>secA</i>, <i>secY</i>, and <i>rp</i> genes. The comparison of 16S rRNA, <i>secA</i>, <i>rp</i>, and <i>secY</i> gene sequences through BLASTn, phylogeny and in silico RFLP analysis of <i>C. coronarium, C. roseus</i>, and the leafhopper species <i>Hishimonus phycitis</i> identified the presence of '<i>Candidatus Phytoplasma trifolii</i>'-related strain (16SrIV-D subgroup) in all the plants and leafhopper samples. These findings demonstrated the utility of multilocus genes for accurate identification of phytoplasma strains in the plant and insect samples. This is the first report of 16SrVI-D subgroup of phytoplasmas associated with witches' broom, little leaf and stunting disease in <i>Glebionis coronaria</i>.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 1","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11682026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142906217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel DNA damage-related gene index for predicting prognosis in gastric cancer.","authors":"Haipeng Xiao, Qianjin He, Yang Hu, Chang Li, Han Tian, Feng Chen, Wenchong Song","doi":"10.1007/s13205-024-04166-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-024-04166-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastric cancer is one of the major cancers with high cancer mortality and shows significant heterogeneity. The development of precise prognostic models is crucial for advancing treatment strategies. Recognizing the pivotal role of DNA damage in tumor progression, we conducted a consensus clustering analysis of DNA damage-related genes to categorize gastric cancer patients from the TCGA clinical cohort into distinct subtypes. Prognostic models were then constructed utilizing machine learning algorithms following Cox regression with differentially expressed genes. Validation was performed using the GSE gastric cancer cohort. Additionally, we investigated other characteristic responses of patients through gene mapping and drug sensitivity analysis. This study 12 differentially prognostic signature genes between the 2 DNA damage subtypes identified were used to calculate risk scores for the patients. This score predicts the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer and their overall survival time. Higher risk scores mean less drug sensitivity, lower survival, and possibly a poorer response to immunotherapy. Our findings provide the basis for future studies targeting DNA damage and its immune microenvironment to improve prognosis and response to immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 1","pages":"32"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11700079/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enzymatic characterization of a thermostable 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase from <i>Hydrogenobacter thermophilus</i> and its application for NADH regeneration.","authors":"Xinming Feng, Xinyu Cui, Kun Wang, Juanjuan Liu, Dongdong Meng","doi":"10.1007/s13205-024-04165-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-024-04165-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenases (6PGDHs) are widely existing as reduced cofactor (NADH/NADPH) regeneration biocatalysts. Herein, a thermostable 6PGDH from <i>Hydrogenobacter thermophilus</i> (Ht6PGDH) was overexpressed in <i>Escherichia coli</i> and enzymologically characterized. Ht6PGDH exhibited exceptional stability and catalytic activity under high-temperature conditions, with an optimum temperature of 85 °C and the ability to maintain high activity for prolonged periods at 70 °C, which could be purified through a one-step heat treatment. Moreover, Ht6PGDH exhibited a preference for NAD⁺ with a <i>K</i> _m value of 0.4 mM and a <i>k</i> _cat value of 28.6 s⁻¹, demonstrating a significant preference over NADP⁺. These properties render Ht6PGDH a potentially valuable enzyme for high-temperature bioconversion and in vitro synthetic biosystems. Additional research showed that Ht6PGDH excelled in the regeneration of NADH, achieving efficient lactate production when integrated into an in vitro synthetic biosystem containing lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Furthermore, the cascade reaction of Ht6PGDH with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) was explored for NADH regeneration using starch as the substrate, further validating its potential application in complex biosynthetic systems.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-024-04165-6.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11621248/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142798944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Involvement of intestinal mucosal microbiota in adenine-induced liver function injury.","authors":"Leyao Fang, Junxi Shen, Yi Wu, Zhoujin Tan","doi":"10.1007/s13205-024-04180-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-024-04180-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adenine is frequently utilized as a model medication for chronic renal disease. Adenine can affect organs other than the kidneys, including the heart and the intestine. The liver is a vital organ involved in the in vivo metabolism of adenine. Adenine may negatively impact liver function. Research indicated that adenine caused dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in mice. Investigations into the gut-liver axis have demonstrated a substantial association between drug-induced hepatic dysfunction and gut microbiota. Consequently, we delivered distinct dosages of adenine via gavage to mice to examine the correlation between adenine-induced liver impairment and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Mice were treated with low-dose adenine suspension (NLA), medium-dose adenine suspension (NMA), high-dose adenine suspension (NHA), and sterile water (NC) as a control. The results indicated that mice in the NLA, NMA, and NHA groups had decreased body weight and a reduction in liver index. Subsequent to adenine administration, the concentrations of AST, ALT, and LDH increased, whereas SDH levels decreased. As doses increased, liver function impairment and hepatic energy metabolism abnormalities aggravated. Adenine also damaged the colonic architecture in mice. Moreover, adenine modified the makeup and structure of the gut mucosal microbiota, enhancing specific bacterial genera and influencing the microbiota's energy metabolism-related functions. The results of our research established a correlation among certain bacteria, liver function injury, and hepatic energy metabolism. The gut mucosal microbiota was involved in adenine-induced liver injury and hepatic energy metabolism. These results can offer novel insights into the role of gut microbiota in drug-induced liver injury and provide specific guidelines for the modeling and therapeutic application of adenine.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11638458/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142827192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Isolation, structure analysis and expression characterization of the Hexokinase gene family in <i>Sorghum bicolor</i>.","authors":"Sen Li, Yansheng Liu, Xin'er Qin, Xiaofei He, Shaopeng Han, Yang Lv, Zhuying Deng, Gongjian Zeng, Xinqiang Gao, Yongfeng Hu, Xiangling Shen","doi":"10.1007/s13205-024-04190-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-024-04190-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hexokinases (HXK) not only facilitate carbohydrate metabolism but also play important roles in sugar sensing in higher plants. <i>HXK</i> gene families have been extensively discussed in many plant species; however, comprehensive information regarding <i>HXKs</i> in sorghum remains unclear. To address this gap, we identified 7 putative sorghum <i>HXKs</i> (<i>SbHXK1</i> to <i>SbHXK7</i>), and the features of their conserved domains, gene structure, evolutionary tree, and cis-acting elements were systematically characterized to reveal the evolutionary conservation between different plant species. Based on expression profiling, we found that different expression patterns of <i>SbHXKs</i> were associated with different physiological processes, including abiotic stresses. Further qRT-PCR verification under salt and sucrose treatment confirmed that <i>SbHXK2</i>, <i>SbHXK4</i>, and <i>SbHXK5</i> may play very important roles under high osmotic pressure. Notably, SbHXKs are predominantly localized in the cytoplasm, in contrast to some rice and <i>Arabidopsis</i> HXKs, which are localized in chloroplasts or mitochondria, suggesting divergent roles for SbHXKs. In summary, our study provides a theoretical foundation for understanding the HXK gene family and offers fundamental insights of <i>SbHXKs</i> in sorghum.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-024-04190-5.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 1","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11662118/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142875815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}