3 Biotech最新文献

{"title":"Chemical profiling of unpolished pigmented chakhao amubi rice produced lipid-lowering and cardioprotective effects via reducing oxidative stress and improving digestibility behaviour.","authors":"Pratap Kalita, Saikat Sen, Abdul Baquee Ahmed, Raja Chakraborty","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04473-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04473-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The current research work was designed to study the amylose content, total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), total anthocyanin content (TAC) and digestibility of unpolished chakhao amubi (CA) rice extract along with antioxidant, antihyperlipidemic activity. In addition, the profiling of the bioactive polyphenolic compounds present in unpolished CA rice flour was evaluated. Based on the results obtained from the in vitro antioxidant and hypolipidemic activities of all the rice extract, CA-EtOH (ethanol) was selected for in vivo study. Effect of CA-EtOH after 45 days treatment was evaluated in high-fat-high-sugar (HFHS) induced Wistar rats. The unpolished CA rice produces higher levels of TPC (346.53 mg GAE/100 g DW), TFC (634.22 mg QUE/100 G DW) and TAC (873.34 mg C-3-G/100 g DW) compared to polished rice and CA-EtOH extract showed strong antioxidant activity with the lowest IC₅₀ value in in vitro antioxidant assays. The unpolished CA black rice extracts exhibited significant HMG CoA reductase inhibitory activity. Sinapic acid (620.20 mg/100 gm), o-coumaric acid (200.80 mg/100 gm), rosamarinic acid (199.30 mg/100 gm) and p-coumaric acid (156.60 mg/100 gm) were present abundantly. The fraction of RDS, SDS and RS in unpolished CA rice flour was significantly different (<i>p</i> < 0.05) compared to standard corn starch. Both the lower (CA-EtOH-200 mg/kg) and higher (CA-EtOH-400 mg/kg) doses of unpolished CA rice extract significantly (p < 0.001) reduce the body weight in HFHS induced rats. Oral administration of unpolished CA rice extract reduced the level of TC, TG, LDL-C, VLDL-C, LDH, SGOT, SGPT, ALP, CK-NAC, ApoA1, ApoB, ApoB/ApoA1, CRP, LP(a), LPO, AIP, AC, CPI, CRR were significantly (<i>p</i> < 0.001) improved in hyperlipidemic rat model. In addition, HDL-C, GSH, CAT, SOD and GPx levels were elevated. Thus, our current results suggested that unpolished CA black rice could be effective against oxidative stress, dyslipidaemia and cardiovascular diseases due to availability of the numerous functional moieties such as phenolic compounds.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 9","pages":"293"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12343440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144854207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective efficacy of emodin in Swiss Albino mice induced with Dalton Ascitic lymphoma.","authors":"Jesse Joel, Harish Babu Kolla, Sai Rupini Vemuri, Jagadish Kumar Suluvoy, Avany Balasubramanian, Gilbert Ross Rex, Prakash Narayana Reddy, Srikanth Koigoora","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04445-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04445-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Emodin is a plant-derived natural compound with potential anti-cancer/tumor properties. In this study, we have evaluated the therapeutic efficacy of emodin as an anti-lymphoma drug in vivo in the Swiss Albino mice induced with Dalton Ascitic lymphoma (DAL). The Swiss Albino mice were induced with lymphoma by injecting the DAL cells intraperitonially and treated with the emodin or a standard drug methotrexate or a vehicle. Emodin has shown a significant therapeutic efficacy in controlling the overall DAL pathology and this was determined through gross pathology, serology, hematology, and histopathological readouts. Emodin reduced the tumor weight, volume, WBC count, and liver damage biomarkers like ALP and AST. It further reduced the inflammation at the portal areas in the liver and its associated inflammation scores. In summary, our findings show that the emodin has shown its therapeutic efficacy in controlling lymphoma in vivo highlighting its efficacy as an anti-lymphoma drug. Furthermore, the in silico analysis has shown that emodin as a potential drug candidate for lymphoma based on the Lipinski's rule of 5 and molecular docking studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 9","pages":"315"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12378276/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144938588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of LAMP and real-time LAMP assays for rapid detection of coccinia mosaic Virudhunagar virus in bitter gourd (<i>Momordica charantia</i>).","authors":"Kathiresan Sivagnanapazham, Gandhi Karthikeyan, Natesan Boopathi, Sankarasubramanian Harish, T K S Latha, Nagendran Krishnan","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04484-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04484-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mosaic disease, caused by whitefly-transmitted begomoviruses, significantly threatens bitter gourd cultivation in India. This study identified and characterized the complete genome of coccinia mosaic Virudhunagar virus (CoMViV) from symptomatic bitter gourd samples collected in Oddanchatram block of Dindigul district, Tamil Nadu, using rolling circle amplification and sequencing. A loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) protocol was optimized by targeting regions of the CoMViV AV1 and AV2 genes. The LAMP assay demonstrated exceptional sensitivity, detecting as little as 10 fg of viral DNA, a 100-fold improvement compared to PCR. Specificity tests confirmed that the LAMP assay exclusively detected CoMViV in bitter gourd, with no cross-reactivity with other begomoviruses. Real-time LAMP assay produced a distinct annealing peak at 86.5 ± 0.5 °C. Furthermore, viral quantification revealed a maximum viral titer of 3.2 × 10⁹ copies per µl in infected leaf samples. While both LAMP and PCR assay successfully detected CoMViV in infected tissues, the LAMP assay offers advantages including simplicity, rapid, and sensitivity. This optimized LAMP assay provides a valuable tool for differentiating CoMViV from other begomoviruses infecting bitter gourd crop, offering an improvement over existing PCR assay. To the best of scientific knowledge, we, for the first time, demonstrate the LAMP assay for the detection and quantification of CoMViV in bitter gourd plants.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-025-04484-2.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 9","pages":"307"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12373564/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144938590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of histidine decarboxylase and its multi-enzyme cascade system for cost-efficient biosynthesis of carcinine.","authors":"Man Zhao, Zhenhao Jiang, Mengying Yu, Zhiqiang Liu, Yuguo Zheng","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04467-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04467-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Carcinine, a bioactive compound with antioxidant and anti-glycation properties, holds significant promise for applications in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. This study demonstrates a novel strategy for the direct biosynthesis of carcinine from low-cost L-histidine and β-alanine using a multi-enzyme cascade system. A highly efficient histidine decarboxylase (PphHDC) was identified. Following vector optimization and induction parameter tuning, soluble expression of PphHDC was systematically enhanced in the BPH-2 strain (BL21(DE3) harboring pACYC-<i>Pphhdc</i>) under optimal conditions: 37 °C, 0.1 mM IPTG, and 8 h induction. Further, the optimally expressed PphHDC achieved the optimal enzymatic activity of 7.76 U/mg under conditions of pH 6.0, 30 °C, and 5 mM Ca²⁺. To facilitate carcinine synthesis, PphHDC was integrated with the previously reported SGE (Sfp-GSG-Ebony) enzyme in three catalytic systems: single-cell, dual-cell whole-cell catalysis, and multi-enzyme cascade. Among these, the multi-enzyme cascade system, comprising purified soluble PphHDC and SGE-D_N (engineered with an N-terminal DsbA tag to enhance solubility), achieved the highest efficiency. This system produced a maximum carcinine titer of 4.29 mM with a yield of 0.18 mM/h within 24 h, representing the highest reported conversion from L-histidine and β-alanine. These findings establish a robust foundation for cost-effective industrial production of carcinine. The study highlights the importance of fine-tuning heterologous expression systems to balance protein solubility and productivity in biocatalytic applications.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-025-04467-3.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 9","pages":"309"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12375523/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144938616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Green synthesis of copper hydroxide nanorods using <i>Solanum pubescens</i> leaf extracts: a promising approach for antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer applications.","authors":"C Neela Mohan, V Ayyadurai, Karuppiah Nagaraj, P Vijaya Kumar, K Raja, P Suganthi, C Muthukumar, A Stalin","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04404-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-025-04404-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Copper hydroxide nanorods (Cu(OH)₂ NRs) were successfully produced using ethanolic leaf extracts of <i>Solanum pubescens</i> utilizing a green synthesis technique. UV-Vis, FTIR, XRD, and SEM-EDX analysis revealed the development of orthorhombic, rod-shaped nanoparticles with an average size of ~ 50 nm. Cu(OH)₂ NRs showed significant antibacterial activity, with inhibition zones ranging from 8.55 ± 0.59 mm to 9.80 ± 0.68 mm against bacterial strains like S. aureus and K. pneumoniae, and 6.20 ± 0.43 mm to 7.90 ± 0.55 mm against fungal strains like C. albicans. The DPPH experiment demonstrated dose-dependent antioxidant activity, reaching 87.12 ± 5.87% at 80 µg/ml and an IC₅₀ value of 51.53 µg/ml. Cu(OH)₂ NRs caused up to 42.2% cell death in anticancer experiments against MCF-7 breast cancer cells at the highest dose tested (500 µg/mL). The synthesized Cu(OH)₂ nanorods exhibited strong antimicrobial activity, comparable to conventional antibiotics and significantly superior to the plant extract. Their broad-spectrum efficacy, eco-friendly synthesis, and effectiveness against resistant strains highlight their potential as alternative antimicrobial agents.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-025-04404-4.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 9","pages":"277"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12321712/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144793151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Boosting textiles with plant extracts: an advanced sustainable antimicrobial innovation for direct skin applications.","authors":"Cláudia S Oliveira, Ashly Rocha, Jéssica Antunes, Augusta Silva, Carla Silva, Freni K Tavaria","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04475-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04475-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigates the incorporation of natural plant extracts, particularly eucalyptus and hop, into knitted fabrics to develop antimicrobial textiles. The antibacterial activity of the functionalized fabrics was evaluated against two pathogenic bacteria (<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and <i>Escherichia coli</i>) and one common skin commensal (<i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>). Biocompatibility with human skin cells was assessed through MTT assays, TO/PI, and Calcein/PI staining. Results demonstrated strong antimicrobial activity of the functionalized textiles against <i>S. aureus</i> and <i>S. epidermidis</i>, with less evident effects on <i>E. coli</i>. Fabrics, functionalized with hop extracts, demonstrated biocompatibility in the applied two-dimensional models; however, confirming their safety for human use requires further evaluation using advanced models and additional endpoints, such as skin sensitization and genotoxicity. Overall, the study highlights the potential of incorporating natural plant extracts in textile functionalization to create eco-friendly and antimicrobial materials that meet growing market demands for safety and sustainability. Future research is warranted to optimize performance and applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 9","pages":"300"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12356810/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144870801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In silico and in vitro evaluation of mucus-binding proteins from probiotics against <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>.","authors":"Ghazaleh Sheikhi, Soheil Shajari, Sepehr Nouri, Hassan Mohabatkar, Mandana Behbahani","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04466-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04466-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to develop a predictive model for mucus-binding proteins using machine learning and to experimentally evaluate the anti-cariogenic effects of selected probiotic strains. In silico, a computational method was established utilizing Support Vector Machine (SVM) and AdaBoost algorithms with pseudo amino acid composition (PseAAC) for protein sequence representation. The predictive model achieved high accuracy. Specifically, the SVM model demonstrated 94% accuracy, 96% sensitivity, 91% specificity, and an 88% Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC) on a labeled test dataset. In vitro experiments assessed the antimicrobial activity and anti-biofilm formation effects of various probiotic strains against <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>. <i>Lactobacillus plantarum 1058</i> exhibited the highest inhibitory effect on <i>S. mutans</i> growth, reducing the bacterial count to 4.3 log CFU/ml after 24 h, while <i>Bifidobacterium adolescentis 1536</i> inhibited it the least (5.4 log CFU/ml). Furthermore, <i>L. plantarum 1058</i> demonstrated the highest inhibition of <i>S. mutans</i> biofilm formation (98.68%), whereas <i>Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis</i> showed the lowest inhibition (75.18%). These findings suggest that the developed computational model effectively predicts mucus-binding proteins and the evaluated probiotic strains hold promise for inhibiting <i>S. mutans</i> growth and biofilm formation, thus offering promising strategies for maintaining oral health and preventing dental caries.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 9","pages":"297"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12354941/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144870804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mediating role of basophils in the triacylglycerol-asthma link: a Mendelian randomization study.","authors":"Xinhang Hu, Muyun Peng, Zhi Yang, Xuyang Yi, Yifan Ouyang, Wangcheng Zhao, Bin Ni, Xueyu Deng, Xingchun Huang, Li Wang, Fenglei Yu","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04480-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04480-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent studies have confirmed a link between obesity and an increased risk of asthma. However, the relationship between serum lipids and asthma remains unclear, and the potential mediating role of immune cells in this association has not been fully elucidated. The present study integrated genome-wide association study (GWAS) data for 179 lipids across 13 lipid species and 731 immune cell phenotypes, representing a broad spectrum of immune cell characteristics, obtained from published literature and public databases. A two-step Mendelian randomization analysis was conducted to investigate the causal effects of the 179 lipids on asthma, with a specific focus on the mediating roles of immune cells. The analysis identified 13 lipids with significant causal associations with asthma, including 10 risk factors and 3 protective factors. The study identified 2 types of immune cells that act as mediators in the causal pathways linking specific lipids to asthma. Particularly, the immune cell phenotype Basophil%CD33^dimHLA-DR^-CD66b^- exhibited a substantial mediating effect in the association between triacylglycerol (50:2) levels and asthma (Mediated effect = 0.00794; Mediated proportion = 10.5%). Triacylglycerol (50:2) was identified as a risk factor for asthma development. The immune cell phenotype Basophil%CD33^dimHLA-DR^-CD66b^- significantly mediates the causal relationship between triacylglycerol (50:2) levels and asthma. The combination of triglyceride levels and basophil counts may serve as potential auxiliary indicators for the clinical screening of asthma. Targeting triacylglycerols and basophil cells may provide new directions for the treatment of asthma.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-025-04480-6.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 9","pages":"303"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12361026/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144938591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic understanding of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASp)-mediated epigenetic regulation of T helper cell differentiation in acute leukemia.","authors":"R Pradeep, Sudeshna Rakshit, Geetha Shanmugam, Amit Choudhary, Ramya Ramesh, Jaikumar G Ramamoorthy, Reena Gulati, Deepak Amalnath, Prabhu Manivannan, Smita Kayal, Saptak Banerjee, Koustav Sarkar","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04474-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04474-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (WASp) is exclusively expressed in hematopoietic cells, yet its role in leukemia remains poorly defined. This study investigates the epigenetic regulation of key immune genes by T helper (T_H) cell transcription factors. Human CD4⁺ T cells from healthy donors and patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) or acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were transfected with control CRISPR (CO), WASp knockout (WKO), and WASp overexpression (WOE) plasmids. Flow cytometry confirmed intracellular WASp staining in CO, WKO, and WOE CD4⁺ T cells. WOE leads to elevated mRNA levels of T_H1-associated transcription factors, such as TBX21 and IFNγ. Notably, TBX21 enrichment increased significantly in WOE cells, while no such enrichment was observed for GATA3, RORC, or FOXP3. In addition, aberrant accumulation of R-loops at key gene loci, including TBX21, STAT1, ATM, and H2AFX, was prominently observed in WKO cells but not in WOE conditions. DNA methylation increased WKO cells but m6A levels were elevated under WOE conditions. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed much higher WASp expression in WOE but increased γH2A.X fluorescence in WKO. We found WASp stably interacts with the STAT1 binding region in the TBX21 promoter by molecular docking studies. Nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species, and glutathione levels were higher in WKO cells, while lactate dehydrogenase levels were increased in WOE samples. These findings collectively imply that WOE in acute leukemia promotes T_H1 cell activity in a significant manner through epigenetic regulation and could be a potential therapeutic target.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-025-04474-4.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 9","pages":"302"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12361005/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144938629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncovering fungal diversity in mangroves: new records, ecological insights, and phylogenetic analysis of <i>Ascocylindrica marina</i> from Tarout Island, Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Abdel-Rhman Z Gaafar, Abdalla Elzein, Sameh M H Khalaf, Mohamed S Hodhod","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04483-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04483-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the diversity and ecological patterns of marine fungi associated with decayed <i>Avicennia marina</i> wood in the mangrove ecosystems of Tarout Island, Saudi Arabia. A total of 17 fungal species were isolated from four distinct mangrove stands that varied in vegetation density and environmental characteristics. These included ten teleomorphic ascomycetes and seven anamorphic fungi. Notably, 15 species were recorded for the first time from Tarout Island, and 13 species represent new records for the marine mycobiota of Saudi Arabia. <i>Ascocylindrica marina</i> was the most frequently encountered species, accounting for 30.07% of total isolates. Morphological identification was supported by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), revealing characteristic features such as erumpent ascomata and rough-walled ascospores. Molecular identification was conducted using large subunit (LSU) and small subunit (SSU) rDNA sequencing, and phylogenetic analysis confirmed the placement of <i>A. marina</i> within the family Ascocylindraceae. Environmental data collected from each stand revealed significant correlations between fungal diversity and key abiotic factors. Species richness showed a strong positive correlation with sediment nitrogen concentration (r = 0.72, <i>p</i> < 0.05), while the abundance of <i>A. marina</i> was positively associated with high salinity levels (r = 0.85, <i>p</i> < 0.05). Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) further confirmed that salinity and nutrient availability were the main environmental variables shaping fungal community composition. The findings provide new insights into the underexplored marine fungal biodiversity of Arabian Gulf mangroves and underscore the ecological specialization of halotolerant fungi. The study highlights the potential of these organisms for use in biotechnological applications, particularly those requiring tolerance to high salinity and nutrient-stressed environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 9","pages":"310"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12378802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144938755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}