3 Biotech最新文献

{"title":"Network pharmacology combined with experimental analysis to explore the mechanism of the XinShuaiNing formula on heart failure.","authors":"Jue Zhao, Mingjun Han, Qian Nie, Xin Wen, Hongyu Geng, Yu Zou, Songyun Li, Wen Xie","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04288-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04288-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study was conducted to elucidate the mechanism of action of the Traditional Chinese Medicine XinShuaiNing (XSN) formula in CHF based on network pharmacology. A total of 489 compounds in the XSN formula were screened. These compounds predicted 778 targets. A search of CHF yielded 789 corresponding targets, and 151 intersections between the potential targets of the XSN formula and CHF, involving AKT1, AGT, eNOS, and VEGF. Abdominal aortic coarctation (AAC) was used to establish a CHF rat model, and isoproterenol-induced H9c2 cells to establish a myocardial injury cell model. The results showed that the XSN formula downregulated ET-1, BNP, and Hcy and upregulated the ALB levels and also relieved cardiac histopathological damage. The XSN formula reduced the content of pro-inflammatory factors and inhibited the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. In addition, the expression of fibronectin, α-SMA, collagen 1, and collagen 3 was downregulated by XSN formula treatment, and the fibrotic areas of myocardial tissue were reduced. The XSN formula promoted phosphorylation of AKT1-induced VEGF and eNOS signaling and inhibited AGT signaling. Besides, the XSN formula can affect the apoptosis of H9c2 cells by affecting AKT1, AGT, eNOS, and VEGF. The XSN formula regulates inflammatory factors by inducing phosphorylation of AKT1, upregulating eNOS and VEGF, and downregulating AGT to protect cardiomyocytes from apoptosis and myocardial fibrosis to alleviate CHF. In conclusion, this study identified the target of XSN prescription through network pharmacology screening and experimental validation and confirmed its anti-inflammatory, antiapoptotic, and antifibrotic effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 5","pages":"110"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11965065/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143794451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The transcriptome landscape of Kumrogarh, a unique rice landrace showing the simultaneous presence of <i>Sub1</i> and <i>SK</i> loci for submergence tolerance.","authors":"Pratyasha Samanta, Rahul Singh Jasrotia, Sarika Jaiswal, Mir Asif Iquebal, Narottam Dey","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04277-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04277-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To decipher the molecular mechanism behind submergence tolerance in a typical rice genotype (var. Kumrogarh), leaf transcriptome analysis was performed on submerged plant tissue with 7 and 14 days of induced submergence, followed by cataloguing the differentially expressed transcripts. Subsequent bioinformatics analysis identified 5,267 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), of which 2,657 were upregulated and 2,610 were downregulated in four comparative combinations: T7-C7, T14-T7, T14-T7, and C14-C7. A group of 41 co-expressed genes was found across all sets, while 1427, 558 and 83 transcripts were uniquely expressed in the T7-C7, T14-T7, and C14-C7 combinations, respectively. Constructed Ven diagram showed that 1428, 65, and 44 transcripts were commonly expressed in the paired combinations \"T7-C7\" and \"T14-T7\", \"C14-C7\" and \"T7-C7\", and \"C14-C7\" and \"T14-T7\". Gene ontology study functionally categorized the DEGs into molecular functions, biological processes, and cellular components. Additionally, nine transcription factor families were identified, including MYB, WRKY, bZIP, bHLH, SET domain, NAC domain, C2H2 zinc finger, E2F, and HSF, along with a set of differentially regulated signalling genes. Twelve genes related to submergence adaptation were selected for final validation through quantitative real-time PCR-based expression analysis, which demonstrated a strong association with a coefficient (<i>R</i> ² = 0.716) after aligning with the RNA-Seq data. Derived results showed upregulation of gibberellin receptor GID1L2 (LOC_Os02g35940.1), ethylene-responsive element-binding protein (LOC_Os06g08360.1), glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (LOC_Os04g38600.1), decarboxylase (LOC_Os08g04540.1), sucrose synthase (LOC_Os03g22120.1), aldehyde dehydrogenase (LOC_Os12g07810.1), endonuclease/exonuclease/phosphatase family domain-containing protein (LOC_Os01g08780.1), polygalacturonase inhibitor 1 precursor (LOC_Os07g38130.1), transmembrane amino acid transporter protein (LOC_Os01g41420.1), and SAM-dependent carboxyl methyltransferase (LOC_Os02g48770.1). This study provides a comprehensive profile of leaf transcriptomics in a traditionally tall-type rice landrace containing both submergence-tolerant <i>Sub1</i> and <i>SK</i> alleles, highlighting an area of research that remains largely unexplored. These remarkable findings have driven this investigation to decipher the interplay among these key genetic factors by hypothesizing a model leading to the development of a genetic network associated with improved survival under prolonged deep submergence of such a unique rice genotype.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-025-04277-7.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 5","pages":"109"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11965045/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143794405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced pigment production from plants and microbes: a genome editing approach.","authors":"P Harshini, Ressin Varghese, Kannan Pachamuthu, Siva Ramamoorthy","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04290-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04290-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pigments are known for their vital roles in the growth and development of plants and microbes. In addition, they are also an imperative component of several industries, including textiles, foods, and pharmaceuticals, owing to their immense colours and therapeutic potential. Conventionally, pigments are obtained from plant resources, and the advent of <i>in-vitro</i> propagation techniques boosted the massive production. However, it could not meet the booming demand, leading to the incorporation of new genetic engineering tools. This review focuses on the role of various genetic engineering techniques in enhancing pigment production in plants and microorganisms. It also critically analyzes the efficacy and bottlenecks of these techniques in augmenting pigment biosynthesis. Furthermore, the use of microbes as pigment biofactories and the prospects in the field of genome editing to augment pigment synthesis are discussed. The limitations in the existing techniques underline the need for advanced genome editing strategies to broaden the mass production of pigments to meet the surging needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 5","pages":"129"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12003259/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143955390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epinephrine augments the phosphorylation of EGFR and promote the DNA synthesis and migration of cervical cancer cells.","authors":"Sneha Krishnamoorthy, Saraswathi Vasudevan, Bharathi Muruganantham, Sridhar Muthusami","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04285-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04285-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Though a correlation exists between carcinogenesis and epinephrine signaling, the ability of epinephrine in regulating epidermal growth factor (EGF) actions remains largely unknown and necessitates investigation in cervical cancer (CC) cells. The present study aims to understand the role of epinephrine, a stress-induced cytokine on EGF actions in human papilloma virus (HPV)-positive SiHa, ME180 and HPV-negative C33A cells. De-identified database and molecular docking were used to identify the relationship between beta-adrenergic receptor 2 (ADRB2) and EGF receptor (EGFR). Cell viability, mitochondrial labeling, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, evaluation of ADRB2 and superoxide dismutase-2 (SOD-2) mRNA abundance, SOD-1/2 enzymatic activities, migration assay, gelatin zymography and protein expression analysis of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers were performed to validate the regulatory role of epinephrine and EGF. A significant up-regulation of ADRB2 in HPV-16-positive individuals and binding between epinephrine and EGFR is noted computationally. A reduced survival in high ADRB2 along with the significant reduction in CC survival in Asian population is also observed. Epinephrine augmented the phosphorylation of EGFR and EGF-induced cell viability, ROS production and DNA synthesis. A positive correlation between SOD-2 and ADRB2 was corroborated with the increased ADRB2 and SOD-2 mRNA transcripts. An increase in MMP-2 activity and EMT markers by EGF and epinephrine potentiated the CC cells toward enhanced migration. This study also opens up several new avenues and warrants substantial in vivo studies to support this contention for the inclusion of beta-blockers as adjuvant for EGFR-driven cancers.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 5","pages":"125"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11996747/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating cigarette smoke-induced airway inflammation and sperm activity impairment in rats based on cilia-associated proteins.","authors":"Lei Wang, Min Pan, Jinhui Dong, Zengyang He, Wenbin Wang, Junsheng Shu, Tongsheng Wang, Yajuan Wang","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04302-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04302-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of smoking-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and its impact on reproductive function in male rats and its relationship with chronic lung inflammation. The study used various methodologies including lung function tests, sperm quality assessment, serum hormone level measurement, and ultrastructural observations of airway cilia and sperm flagella to elucidate the effects of smoking on the reproductive and respiratory systems of rats. The results showed that smoking significantly induced lung damage and reduced sperm quality in rats, and the trend of lung damage and decreased sperm quality became more obvious with the increased duration of smoking. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that smoking exposure led to structural abnormalities of airway cilia and sperm flagella, and exposure after a period of three months showed significant damage to cilia and flagellar structures. Western blot and immunohistochemistry results indicated that the relative expression of NE proteins was significantly higher in the rats of the CS group, whereas the expression of FOXJ1 and SPAG6 proteins was notably lower in these rats after three months of smoking. In summary, smoke causes damage to the respiratory and reproductive systems of male rats, and the mechanism may be related to the destruction of airway cilia and sperm flagellar structures and the down-regulation of the expression of key ciliary proteins by smoke.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 5","pages":"136"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12009257/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143958361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of heteroaryl thiol-linked kojic acid derivatives as a novel class of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors for Alzheimer's disease therapy.","authors":"Madan Singh, Chandrabose Karthikeyan, Digambar Kumar Waiker, Akhilesh Tiwari, Sushant K Shrivastava, Sérgio F Sousa, Duangnapa Kiriwan, Fábio G Martins, Narayana Subbiah Hari Narayana Moorthy","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04295-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04295-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Natural products have long served as versatile templates for discovering lead molecules against various targets of pharmacological interest. Kojic acid, a fungal metabolite epitomizes this versatility as it elicits broad-spectrum biological properties. Described herein is a series of heteroaryl thiol-linked kojic acid derivatives that demonstrate potent acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition along with anti-amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregation activity and blood brain barrier (BBB) permeability highlighting their potential as a novel class of Anti-Alzheimer's therapeutics. Seventeen kojic acid derivatives, synthesized by incorporating three different heterocyclic thiols, were evaluated for in vitro AChE inhibition employing Ellman's method. The most potent analogs identified from the AChE inhibition studies were further evaluated for binding to the peripheral anionic site (PAS) of AChE using the propidium iodide (PI) displacement assay, anti-amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregation inhibition using the thioflavin T assay, and BBB permeability using the PAMPA-BBB assay. Obtained findings indicated that two compounds <b>MS 21-05</b> and <b>MS 21-11</b> bearing a 5-methoxybenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)thio moiety and 5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazol- 2-yl)thio moiety, respectively, elicited potent AChE inhibition (IC₅₀ < 5 µM), moderate anti-Aβ aggregation effects and good BBB permeability. The molecular docking studies of compound <b>MS 21 - 11</b> along with its molecular dynamics simulations at peripheral anionic site (PAS) of enzyme AChE provided structural insights into the binding mode of these derivatives. Taken together, the findings of this study establish heteroaryl thiol-linked kojic acid derivatives as a valuable molecular framework for developing anti-Alzheimer's therapeutics that target both cholinergic dysfunction and amyloid-β aggregation.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-025-04295-5.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 5","pages":"134"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12008096/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143965164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative LC-MS-based metabolite profiling of the Peppermint, Rosemary, Savory, and Thyme extracts and their potential role in germination and early growth of <i>Adenium arabicum</i> and <i>Euphorbia viguieri</i>.","authors":"Mansour Ghorbanpour, Ali Salehi Sardoei, Mehrdad Babarabie, Parvin Zolfaghary, Zahra Hasanpour, Mehrnaz Hatami","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04289-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-025-04289-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Seed germination is a critical stage in crop growth and is often limited by various biotic and abiotic factors that hinder plant establishment. Seed priming is a pre-sowing treatment that prepares seeds, enhancing the potential for more vigorous seedling emergence. This study aimed to explore the effects of leaf extracts from Peppermint, Thyme, Rosemary, and Savory, both individually and in combination, as seed priming agents on the early germination stages of <i>Adenium arabicum</i> and <i>Euphorbia viguieri</i>, which were grown in pots in a greenhouse. In the experiment, seeds of <i>A. arabicum</i> and <i>E. viguieri</i> were soaked in leaf extracts at concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 30%, and treated with the fungicide mixture of carbendazim and iprodione at a rate of 2%. A completely randomized design was utilized, with three replications, featuring 20 seeds planted in each pot. The main compounds identified in the Peppermint, Rosemary, Savory, and Thyme leaf extracts through LC-MS analysis included caryophyllene oxide, β-caryophyllene, rosmarinic acid, cinnamic acid, caffeic acid, and limonene. The results showed that the application of these leaf extracts positively influenced key indicators, such as emergence and growth traits. Among the priming agents tested, the 10% extracts of Rosemary and Savory significantly improved germination and emergence rates of <i>A. arabicum</i> and <i>E. viguieri</i> (<i>P</i> < 0.05). The findings indicated a germination percentage of 100% for <i>A. arabicum</i> and 76.7% for <i>E. viguieri</i>, along with seedling lengths increasing by 30% and 20%, seed vigor indices rising by 30% and 15.3%, and leaf numbers of 8 and 4, respectively. While lower extract concentrations also enhanced early growth parameters such as germination percentage, seedling length, and vigor index, maximum improvement was observed with the 10% extracts of Rosemary and Savory. Therefore, these 10% extracts can be effectively used to promote seedling establishment and growth in <i>A. arabicum</i> and <i>E. viguieri</i> under pot conditions, demonstrating competitive efficacy compared to the commercial use of carbendazim + iprodione.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 5","pages":"120"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11981986/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143952898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the <i>TCP</i> transcription factor family and its response to abiotic stress in rapeseed (<i>Brassica napus</i> L.).","authors":"Xinrui Xu, Xin Zhang, Yu Fan, Hui Zhou, Xiaobin Pu","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04273-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04273-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The study used 80 <i>BnTCP</i> genes (<i>Brassica napus TCP</i> genes) in rapeseed, which were identified and designated with nomenclature based on their chromosomal locations. A systematic analysis encompassed the evolutionary relationships, classifications, gene structures, motif compositions, chromosome localization, and gene replication events within these <i>BnTCP</i> genes. These 80 BnTCP proteins were categorized into three subfamilies, with the PCF subfamily showing significant expansion during evolution. Segmental duplications were identified as a major driver of TCP family amplification. To comprehensively assess the evolutionary relationships of the TCP family across diverse plant species, nine comparative genomic maps were constructed, elucidating homologous genes between <i>B. napus</i> and representative monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants. In the final phase of the study, the gene expression response characteristics of 15 selected <i>BnTCP</i> genes across various biological processes and stress responses were examined. Noteworthy candidates, including <i>BnTCP28</i>, <i>BnTCP30</i>, and <i>BnTCP76</i>, were identified as potentially crucial in tissue development and environmental stress responses.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-025-04273-x.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 5","pages":"119"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11977093/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143810153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical evaluation of full mouth disinfection and azithromycin in chronic periodontitis: randomized clinical trial.","authors":"Eman Elhassan, Julio Rincon, Lavanya A Sharma, Ajay Sharma, Wang Lai Hui, Alessandro Quaranta","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04317-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04317-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This randomized, double-blind clinical trial assessed the clinical and microbiological effects of systemic azithromycin (AZ) as an adjunct to one-stage full-mouth disinfection (OSFMD) in patients with moderate to severe chronic periodontitis. Forty-two patients were assigned to OSFMD with either AZ or placebo. Clinical parameters and bacterial counts were evaluated at baseline, 90, and 180 days. Both groups showed significant reductions in probing pocket depth (PPD), attachment loss, bleeding, and plaque scores over time; however, no statistically significant intergroup differences were observed in clinical outcomes (p > 0.05). In contrast, the AZ group showed a statistically significant reduction in total bacterial counts and specific periodontopathogens (p < 0.05). Oral health-related quality of life (OHQOL) improved significantly in both groups 2 weeks post-treatment. Although AZ provided enhanced microbiological benefits, its adjunctive use did not yield additional clinical improvements. These findings suggest that routine use of AZ may not be justified for all patients undergoing OSFMD, though benefits may exist for selected high-risk cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 5","pages":"147"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12044148/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143960855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization, toxicological and antibacterial evaluation of green-synthesized silver nanoparticles using <i>Bixa orellana</i> (L.) seed extract.","authors":"Shuli Barik, Bholanath Panda, Debasis Dhak, Akhil Pandey, Surjyo Jyoti Biswas","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04311-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04311-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Biosynthesized nanoparticles are gaining prominence due to the physiologically active plant metabolites that aid in green synthesis and novel biological applications. The objective of this study was to use to synthesize silver nanoparticles from the aqueous seed extract of <i>Bixa orellana</i>, chemically characterize the nanoparticle, verify its effectiveness as antimicrobial agent. Further, we want to evaluate its in vitro toxicity toward breast cancer cell line and in vivo toxicity in mice. Biosynthesized <i>Bixa orellana</i> silver nanoparticles (BOAgNPs) were studied using diverse techniques, including UV-visible spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). UV-vis confirms formation of Ag nanoparticle where the average grain size is 54 nm as per SEM studies. The XRD studies showed the size to be about 10.95nm nm. The FTIR data revealed the presence of several biomolecules in extracts, such as O-H stretching and aldehydic C-H stretching, were attributed to the peaks near 3452 cm^-1 and near 2920 cm^-1, respectively. The antibacterial properties have been confirmed by the presence of distinct inhibitory zones against <i>Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis</i>, <i>E. coli, and S. flexneri</i> (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Assessment of the in vitro cytotoxicity on two distinct breast cancer cell lines reveals that the crude extract's IC50 was 2.05 mg/ml on MCF-7 cells, and in contrast, it was 16.09 µg/mL when BOAgNPs was added. On the MDA-MB-231 cell line, the crude extract's IC50 was 2.82 mg/mL, while it was 19.62 µg/mL when combined with BOAgNP. Chronic toxicity (30 days) in mice carried out in vivo revealed moderate changes in biomarkers of toxicity both in liver and serum as linked to the control group. Overall, the findings showed that the current green-synthesized BOAgNPs have excellent antibacterial, anti-cancerous and antioxidant potential and might be explored as a therapeutic agent.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 5","pages":"143"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12034611/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143964654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}