3 Biotech最新文献

{"title":"Fujin Shengji Powder promotes healing of stage 3 pressure injury wounds in rats by modulating angiogenesis and inflammatory effects.","authors":"Jing Gao, Dingxi Bai, Wenting Ji, Wei Wang, Xuemei Xie, Hang Li, Chaoming Hou","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04237-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04237-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to investigate the role of Fujin Shengji Powder (FJSJP) in promoting the healing of stage 3 pressure injury (PI) wounds and potential mechanisms. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to identify active components in FJSJP. A rat model of stage 3 PI wounds was induced via ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. After successful modeling, rats in the control group received no treatment, while the positive group, negative group, and FJSJP group applied rb-bFGFG, vaseline, FJSJP to the wound, respectively, covering the wound by 2 mm continuously for 14 days. Results showed that the wound healing rate on days 3, 7, and 14 was higher in the FJSJP group than in the control groups, with complete re-epithelialization and evident regeneration of skin structures. Furthermore, FJSJP increased CD31 positive expression and elevated mRNA and protein levels of VEGF, VEGFR2, and ERK1/2 at the wound site. The anti-inflammatory effect was confirmed by reduced CD86 positive expression and downregulated TNF-α and IL-6. In summary, topical application of FJSJP can effectively treat stage 3 PI wounds in rats, providing new insights and evidence for its role in accelerating wound healing, promoting angiogenesis, and reducing inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 3","pages":"68"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11865397/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143539767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering the microbiome dynamics in an effective banana Fusarium wilt biocontrol interaction system.","authors":"Amaresh Hadimani, Thangavelu Raman, Edwinraj Esack, M Loganathan, Deepa Jaganathan, V Kantharaju, R Selvarajan","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04223-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04223-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study explored the effects of bacterial and fungal biocontrol agents (consortia) on the microbiome of Fusarium wilt (Foc TR4)-infected Cavandish banana soils in terms of alteration of prevalence and abundance. The results showed a significant shift in microbial diversity, dominance, abundance, evenness, richness and composition core and indicator microbiome in response to soil applied consortia and untreated controls. A total of 2857 bacterial OTUs from 331 families across 40 phyla dominated with Bacillaceae (40.2%), Acidobacteriaceae (14.2%), Haloarculaceae (12.6%), and Paenibacillaceae (9.4%). There were 4,868 fungal OTUs from 520 families across 18 phyla dominant with Mortierellaceae (20.9%), Cortinariaceae (7.6%), Aspergillaceae (6.2%), Pandeidae (5.6%), and Pyronemataceae (5.0%). Alpha diversity analysis indicated that bacterial diversity varied across treatments where T2 has the highest OTUs, while fungal diversity remained relatively stable across the treatments. Beta diversity and PCoA analysis revealed the differences in community compositions across treatments in both bacterial and fungal microbiome. Bacterial communities in T3 and T5 were highly similar, whereas T4 had a notable difference in fungal communities. This study identified a total of 192 bacterial core OTUs dominated with Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, and Acidobacteriia. In the case of fungi, 59 core OTUs from Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Mucoromycota are the most abundant ones within the treatments. Venn diagram revealed unique, common and shared OTUs suggesting antagonistic interactions of the soil applied consortia. DESeq2 analysis revealed a significant shift of core microbiome, where positive fold changes in Betaproteobacteria for bacterial, and <i>Fusarium</i> sp. for fungi were noticeable. Heatmap analysis revealed the treatment-dependent differences in community composition where T2 has higher bacterial abundance and T4 has higher fungal abundance suggesting that the biocontrol treatments affect the soil microbiome differently depending on the combinations and the origins of the consortia. The indicator species analysis identified 37 bacterial and 34 fungal OTUs that were specific and indicative of particular treatments that suggest microbial consortia might be selectively enhancing the growth of functionally beneficial microbial populations of the soil that promote soil health and disease suppressiveness. This study recommends that the use of biocontrol agents in the form of consortia would not only expand the diversity of the soil microbiome but also improve the effectiveness and the sustainability of Fusarium wilt management.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-025-04223-7.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 3","pages":"59"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822171/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143432174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring therapeutic potential of <i>Bacopa monnieri</i> bioactive compounds against Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.","authors":"Richa Shukla, Krishna Mishra, Sangeeta Singh","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04224-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04224-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) consist of progressive illnesses of central nervous system that primarily affect the elderly and are characterized by movement symptoms, memory decline, and cognitive impairment. A number of variables, including the lack of a novel treatment, a steady rise in the patient population, and the high expense of care and treatment, have contributed to the growing significance of these diseases. In recent decades, we have gained a better understanding of the causes of diseases, but complex mechanisms of neuronal loss, combined with physiological factors that are incompatible, pose challenges in describing the pathogenic processes and devising effective treatments. Currently, there are no known treatments for most of these diseases, rendering them incurable. Therefore, there is a pressing need for therapeutic interventions that have the potential to effectively treat neurodegeneration. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of the ayurvedic herb <i>Bacopa monnieri</i> bioactive components against the therapeutic targets HTR1A, HTR1B, HTR2A, HTR2C, HTR7, alpha-synuclein, amyloid beta, and tau protein of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's illnesses. The docking analysis revealed the promising binding affinity with Quercetin, Apigenin, and Luteolin and Molecular mechanics/generalized Born surface area (MM/GBSA) further confirmed the stability of the complexes. In vitro investigation indicated that Quercetin is the most effective for treating AD and PD due to its considerable inhibition of alpha-synuclein production, whereas Luteolin is the favorable one for preventing both diseases by mitigating effects during Rotenone treatment. The future implications and constraints of the current study suggest that further validation in Invivo models of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases is necessary to investigate the effects of Quercetin and Apigenin in the treatment of these conditions, as well as Luteolin and Quercetin for their prevention.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-025-04224-6.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 3","pages":"61"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11828772/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143432176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of statistical methods in optimizing and enhancing fungal chitosan commercial production.","authors":"Bhoomika M Karamchandani, Priya A Maurya, Ameya A Pawar, Anupama Pable, Manik Awale, Sunil G Dalvi, Ibrahim M Banat, Surekha K Satpute","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04236-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04236-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This review portrays the role of fermentation technology in the production of fungal chitosan (FCH) under optimized conditions using statistical  methods. It is noteworthy to mention that FCH is superior than crustacean chitosan (CCH) due to its low molecular weight (LMW) (≈ 20-30 kDa), polymer homogeneity, high degree of deacetylation (DDA) (74-92%), along with thermal stability, solubility at wide physiological pH and greener extraction process. Employment of suitable submerged fermentation conditions improves the quality (high DDA and LMW) of FCH for varied applications. Literature survey depicted the crucial role of recent advancements of statistical tools and software in FCH fermentation technology. A close look at the literature over the past three decades showed ≈ 64% of FCH production from <i>Absidia coerulea, Rhizopus oryzae, R</i>. <i>japonicus, Aspergillus niger, A. terreus, A. flavus, Cunninghamella elegans</i> (≈ 16% each) followed by <i>Mucor rouxii</i> (≈ 11%). Other fungi namely, <i>Benjaminiella poitrasii, Penicillium chrysogenum</i> and <i>Trametes versicolor, Gongronella butleri</i> and <i>Ganoderma lucidum</i> (≈ 5% each) have been reported. The Design of Experiments (DOE), like response surface methodology (RSM) including Plackett-Burman Design (PBD), Central composite design (CCD), Box Behnken design (BBD) and Taguchi have improved biomass and FCH yield meaningfully. Among different approaches, One-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) approach was the foremost choice (≈ 29%) followed by CCD (≈ 12%) and OFAT combined with CCD (≈11%) were employed by researchers to optimize FCH production from potent strains. Around 6% of the reports suggest that BBD, Taguchi, FC-BBD, CCD, 2 > 2 factorials have been employed at an individual level to achieve a high yield of FCH. Those methods can be employed either individually or in combination. This article comprehensively presents the basic information, performances of the statistical   methods/tools of DOE and software employed for successful scaling-up of FCH while highlighting their merits, limitations, and challenges.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-025-04236-2.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 3","pages":"70"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11872829/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143555596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative transcriptomics reveals potential regulators of climate adaptation in <i>Santalum album</i> L. (Indian Sandalwood).","authors":"Muthulakshmi Eswaran, Senthilkumar Shanmugavel, Chandramouli K Madhuvanthi, Karthick Thangaraj, Balasubramanian Aiyar, Suma Arun Dev, Swathi Balakrishnan, Kandasamy Ulaganathan, Sneha Podicheti, Modhumita Ghosh Dasgupta","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04218-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04218-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Santalum album</i> L. (Indian Sandalwood), a valued tree species known for its fragrant heartwood and essential oil is facing increasing threat due to severe anthropogenic pressures compounded by climate change which has resulted in depletion of its adaptive gene pool. The present study investigates the transcriptome-level responses of nine sandalwood genotypes sourced from diverse climatic zones to identify adaptive genes in the species. Comparative transcriptomics predicted 727, 1141 and 479 differentially expressed transcripts (DETs) across wet vs. dry; monsoon vs. dry and wet vs. monsoon conditions, respectively, and majority of DETs were up-regulated in samples sourced from high rainfall areas. Transcripts including heat shock proteins, Zinc finger binding protein, ribosomal proteins, transcription factors and protein kinase were identified as probable regulators of climate adaptation in <i>S. album.</i> The expression changes of eight selected transcripts were further validated by real-time quantitative PCR. Protein-protein interaction analysis revealed key hub transcripts involved in climate response, while alternative splicing events in transcripts such as SURP and G-patch domain-containing protein 1-like protein, G-type lectin S-receptor-like serine/threonine protein kinase B120, Tetraspanin-3 and ARM repeat superfamily protein indicated the probable role of alternate splicing in increasing the transcript diversity during adaptation. This study presents the first insight into the molecular mechanisms of climate adaptation in the species and can form the basis for specific interventions such as selective breeding, genetic manipulation, and habitat management for conservation and long-term survival of sandalwood.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-025-04218-4.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 3","pages":"64"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11829887/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143439371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the protective role of metformin and dehydrozingerone in sodium fluoride-induced neurotoxicity: evidence from prenatal rat models.","authors":"Tejas Ahuja, Farmiza Begum, Gautam Kumar, Smita Shenoy, Nitesh Kumar, Rekha R Shenoy","doi":"10.1007/s13205-024-04175-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-024-04175-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study is aimed at evaluating the neurotoxic effects of chronic exposure of sodium fluoride (NaF) in developmental stages in rat using prenatal models. NaF (100 ppm, orally) dosing via drinking water was given to pregnant rats in disease group. In the treatment groups, Metformin & Dehydrozingerone (DHZ) (200 mg/kg) were administered orally along with NaF, and the dosing was continued throughout the gestation and lactation periods to the pups until the end of experiment. Behavioural studies like Novel Object Recognition Test (NORT), Open Field & Actophotometer test and biochemical estimations like Acetylcholinesterase (AchE), Glutathione (GSH), Malondialdehyde (MDA) were conducted on animals followed by histopathological image analysis. It was observed that NaF exposure significantly decreased learning, memory and locomotor ability (at p < 0.05, p ≤ 0.01) in rat pups and was also able to induce anxiety like behavior. Levels of AchE (p ≤ 0.001) and MDA (p ≤ 0.01, p ≤ 0.001) was found to be significantly elevated and GSH levels were significantly decreased (p ≤ 0.01, p ≤ 0.001) in hippocampus and frontal cortex in the disease group. Histopathological image analysis showed presence of degenerated neurons in hippocampus of disease group. From this study, it was observed that treatment with Metformin and DHZ, was able to significantly ameliorate the cognitive impairments, improve the condition of oxidative stress and decrease neuronal degeneration in NaF fed rat pups. These results established the protective role of Metformin and DHZ in NaF induced neurodevelopmental toxicity with particular emphasis on their antioxidant properties.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 2","pages":"36"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11711601/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142942418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A mono-phasic protocol for micropropagation of potato cv. Cooch Behar local, its acclimatization, on-field evaluation, and fidelity analysis.","authors":"Sandipan Bandyopadhyay, Tsama Subrahmanyeswari, Joyashree Mallick, Sayantan Dey, Somnath Bhattacharyya, Saikat Gantait","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04207-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04207-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A protocol for micropropagation of potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i> L.) cv. Cooch Behar local retaining the fidelity of the in vitro regenerants was established for the first time. Initially, tuber sprouts were inoculated in Murashige and Skoog (MS) basal medium supplemented with 0.5-1.5 mg/l 6-benzyladenine (BA), kinetin (Kin), <i>meta</i>-Topolin (<i>m</i>T), and zeatin (Zea). A maximum number of shoots was induced in 0.5 mg/l Zea followed by 0.5 mg/l <i>m</i>T. For subsequent rooting, the shoots were inoculated in MS medium supplemented with 1.0-3.0 mg/l indole-3-acetic acid and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA), wherein 1.0 mg/l IBA-fortified medium recorded the maximum number of roots. The mono-phasic micropropagation, i.e., simultaneous multiple shoots and roots formation was achieved in MS medium with combinations of Zea (0.25-1.0 mg/l) with 1.0 mg/l IBA, wherein 0.5 mg/l Zea + 1.0 mg/l IBA exhibited the best results. The micropropagated plantlets were then acclimatized in cocopeat with 100% survival before field evaluation. To ensure the true-to-type nature of the micropropagated plants, the cytology, flow cytometry, inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR), and start codon targeted (SCoT) polymorphism primers based fidelity analyses were carried out. Cytology and flow cytometry confirmed that the micropropagated plants had the same ploidy levels. Likewise, the molecular marker-based genetic fidelity study via ISSR and SCoT primers showed monomorphic banding patterns. The present protocol has the potential for large-scale propagation, conservation, and commercialization of indigenous potatoes and can also be used to study the response of other potato cultivars to in vitro regeneration.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 2","pages":"50"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11751352/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143027692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Yinchen lipid-lowering tea attenuates lipid deposition in a fatty liver model by regulating mitochondrial dysfunction through activation of AdipoR1/AMPK/SIRT1 signaling.","authors":"Xilin Luo, Yuanyuan Fang, Wei Wang, Meiling Tong, Bin Qin, Jinyu Cao, Yinjie Yang","doi":"10.1007/s13205-024-04204-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-024-04204-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the ameliorative effects of Yinchen lipid-lowering tea (YCLLT) on Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the specific mechanism involved was also studied. We modeled hepatocellular steatosis with HepG2 cells and intervened with different concentrations of YCLLT-containing serum. Lipid deposition was assessed by oil red O staining and AdipoR1 expression was analyzed by Western blot. The hepatocyte steatosis model was further treated with YCLLT-containing serum and/or silencing AdipoR1. Lipid deposition was observed by oil red O staining. Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential. The levels of TNF-α, IL-6, MDA, 8-OHdG, and ATP were analyzed by ELISA or the corresponding kits. The mitochondrial structure was observed by transmission electron microscopy. The expression of AdipoR1/AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway factors was analyzed by Western blot, and co-localization of SIRT1 and immunofluorescence. The results revealed that YCLLT attenuated lipid deposition, inhibited the levels of inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-6, reduced the levels of MDA and 8-OHdG, up-regulated the ATP content and mitochondrial membrane potential, and promoted the expression of AdipoR1, p-LKB1, p-AMPKα, SIRT1, and PGC-1a in a cellular model of NAFLD. Further, silencing of AdipoR1 inhibited the ameliorative effect of YCLLT in the NAFLD cell model. Altogether, Yinchen lipid-lowering tea attenuates lipid deposition in a fatty liver model by improving mitochondrial function via activating AdipoR1/AMPK/ SIRT1 signaling.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 2","pages":"39"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11725549/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142976982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<b>Contributions of biotechnology industries of India to global bioeconomy</b>: <b>an overview</b>.","authors":"H N Thatoi, S Chattaraj, R R Mishra, P K Das Mohapatra, S Mohapatra","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04215-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04215-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Globally, industrial biotechnology addresses diverse challenges, fostering environmental conservation, sustainable development, economic growth, and innovation. Currently, there are approximately 20,922 biotech companies worldwide, including 6,653 in the US, reflecting significant growth. The global biotech market is valued at $727.1 billion and is projected to expand at a compound annual growth rate of 7.4% by 2025. In India, industrial biotechnology holds promise, with about 3% of the global market share. The country has the highest number of FDA-approved manufacturing facilities outside the US, totaling 665 plants. This growth is driven by government support and a skilled workforce, with a focus on advancements in bioenergy, bio-based materials, and healthcare. Recent years have witnessed a surge in international demand for Indian vaccines and biopharmaceuticals, positioning the country as a leading hub for contract manufacturing and clinical trials. The country's bioeconomy, valued at $150 billion by 2023, is forecasted to double to $300 billion by 2030. This growth is supported by the government's BIRAC scheme, which has established 60 successful bio-incubation centers, further promoting innovation and entrepreneurship. India's bioeconomy basically consists of four segments: BioIndustrial ($72.6 billion, 48.09%), BioAgri ($12.44 billion, 8.24%), BioPharma ($53.8 billion, 35.65%), and BioServices ($12.1 billion, 8.02%), with biotech start-ups reaching 8,531 in 2023. This comprehensive review highlights the significant potential of industrial biotechnology in India by focusing on technological advancements, policy impacts, and market trends. It provides an overview of the current landscape, challenges, and future opportunities, and offers insights to guide strategic initiatives aimed at advancing the sector.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 2","pages":"46"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11743411/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Petroleum ether extract of <i>Elephantopus mollis</i> induces senescence and inhibits invasion in breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells.","authors":"Tran Thanh Long, Le Phuong, Le Van Nguyen Dang, Truong Thi Bich Ngoc, Dang Thi Phuong Thao, Nguyen Thi My Trinh","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04214-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04214-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Elephantopus mollis</i> Kunth H.B et Kunth is an herbal plant employed customarily for the treatment of numerous maladies, notably cancers. Here in this research, we studied the effects of <i>E. mollis</i> (<b>EM</b>) petroleum ether extract (EM-PE) on the highly aggressive breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. The result from phytochemical analysis demonstrated the presence of tannins and saponins in EM-PE, of which, saponins made up more than 50% of the extract's mass. Cytotoxicity results, which were obtained from MTT assay and microscopic observation, suggested the potential of EM-PE to inhibit the growth of MDA-MB-231 cells with low IC₅₀ value (approximately 30 μg/mL) and remarkably high selectivity index (> 4.78). Further evaluation indicated that EM-PE inhibited MDA-MB-231 cells growth in a dose-dependent manner. Interestingly, we found that EM-PE induced senescence in MDA-MB-231 cells via the activation of senescence-associated β-galactosidase and the transcriptional upregulation of p21 (3.7 times) and p27 (1.4 times). In consistent with this effect, pre-treated cancer cells showed no proliferative recovery after EM-PE removal. In addition, EM-PE could dramatically hinder breast cancer cells invasion (as much as 15.07-fold), which was shown in Transwell invasion assay, together with the decreased transcription of the important metastatic-involved <i>SNAIL1</i> gene. Overall, our study, for the first time, exhibits the anti-proliferation and anti-invasion effects of EM extract on highly metastasis breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. Hence, these findings contributed to the knowledge of anti-cancer potential of this herbal plant<i>.</i></p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-025-04214-8.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 2","pages":"45"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11741969/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142998324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}