3 Biotech最新文献

{"title":"Unlocking the potential of ecofriendly guardians for biological control of plant diseases, crop protection and production in sustainable agriculture.","authors":"Diksha Malik, Satish Kumar, Satyavir S Sindhu","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04243-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04243-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Several beneficial microbial strains inhibit the growth of different phytopathogens and commercialized worldwide as biocontrol agents (BCAs) for plant disease management. These BCAs employ different strategies for growth inhibition of pathogens, which includes production of antibiotics, siderophores, lytic enzymes, bacteriocins, hydrogen cyanide, volatile organic compounds, biosurfactants and induction of systemic resistance. The efficacy of antagonistic strains could be further improved through genetic engineering for better disease suppression in sustainable farming practices. Some antagonistic microbial strains also possess plant-growth-promoting activities and their inoculation improved plant growth in addition to disease suppression. This review discusses the characterization of antagonistic microbes and their antimicrobial metabolites, and the application of these BCAs for disease control. The present review also provides a comprehensive summary of the genetic organization and regulation of the biosynthesis of different antimicrobial metabolites in antagonistic strains. Use of molecular engineering to improve production of metabolites in BCAs and their efficacy in disease control is also discussed. The application of these biopesticides will reduce use of conventional pesticides in disease control and help in achieving sustainable and eco-friendly agricultural systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 4","pages":"82"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11891127/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143603342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on morpho-biochemical characteristics, nutrient uptake, and transcriptomic profile of <i>Solanum melongena</i> L. plant.","authors":"Subhesh Saurabh Jha, L S Songachan","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04247-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04247-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study was carried out to observe the interaction between <i>Solanum melongena</i> L. with AMF treatments at morphological, biochemical, and molecular levels. The <i>S. melongena</i> plant was inoculated with <i>Funneliformis mosseae</i>, <i>Glomus macrocarpum</i>, <i>Glomus monosporum</i>, <i>Acaulospora koskei, Acaulospora mellea</i> and <i>Rhizophagus irregularis</i>, and also two consortia of <i>F. mosseae</i> + <i>G. monosporum</i> and <i>F. mosseae</i> + <i>G. macrocarpum.</i> Morphological and biochemical parameters such as shoot height, root length, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, fruit fresh weight, fruit dry weight, root fresh weigh, root dry weight, chlorophyll a and b, total soluble sugars, total soluble proteins were examined in this study. Uptake of some essential micronutrients was also analyzed in this study. In transcriptomics experiment, a total of 365 transcripts were commonly upregulated (≥ 1.5x) folds in <i>S. melongena</i> in response to both the AMF isolates, while 44 transcripts were upregulated only in response to <i>G. Macrocarpum</i> and 28 transcripts were upregulated only in response to <i>F. mosseae</i>. KEGG pathway analysis of <i>S. melongena</i> treated with <i>G. macrocarpum</i> revealed carbon metabolism, cofactor biosynthesis and endocytosis as the dominant metabolic pathway, while analysis of <i>F. mosseae</i> treatment revealed glycerophospholipid and endocytosis metabolism as dominant metabolic pathways.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-025-04247-z.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 4","pages":"84"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11893938/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potato protein hydrolysate (PPH902) exerts anti-lipogenesis and lipolysis-promoting effect by inhibiting adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.","authors":"Rathinasamy Baskaran, Yi-Ju Chen, Ching-Fang Chang, Hsin-Ning Kuo, Chih-Hung Liang, Mosleh Mohammad Abomughaid, K J Senthil Kumar, Wan-Teng Lin","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04238-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04238-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity is linked to cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, and dyslipidemia, lowering quality of life, work productivity, and healthcare expenditures. The aim of this present study is to investigate the mechanism of potato protein (PP) post-treatment in regulating lipogenesis and lipolysis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. 9% PP hydrolysed for 2 h (PPH902) shows high yield and better activity; thus, PPH902 was used in all other experiments. 3T3-L1 preadipocyte cells were used, the cell culture medium were changed every 2 days, IDH was added on Day 0. PPH902 was added on the 8th day, it was left for 72 h and then cells are collected. The relative triglyceride residual (RTR) content was quantified, and the expression of key lipid metabolism-related proteins was analyzed using Western blotting. PPH902 at concentrations of 400 ppm, 800 ppm, and 1600 ppm markedly decreases the RTR content. PPH902, at higher doses, modulates the expression of lipid production-associated transcription factors PPARγ, SREBP-1c, and FAS by activating AMPK, which inhibits lipogenesis and activates phosphorylated HSL to enhance lipolysis, so augmenting lipid metabolism. These findings suggest that PPH902 is an effective anti-lipogenic and lipolysis-promoting agent with potential applications in anti-obesity interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 4","pages":"83"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11893942/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143612914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integration of physio-biochemical, biological and molecular approaches to improve heavy metal tolerance in plants.","authors":"Swathi Shivappa, K P Amritha, Siddharth Nayak, Harsha K Chandrashekar, Sachin Ashok Thorat, Arya Kaniyassery, Nisha Govender, Muthu Thiruvengadam, Annamalai Muthusamy","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04248-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04248-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Heavy metal toxicity hinders plant growth and development by inducing oxidative stress, decreasing biomass, impairing photosynthesis, and potentially leading to plant death. The inherent defense mechanisms employed by plants, including metal sequestration into vacuoles, phytochelation, cell wall metal adsorption and an enhanced antioxidant system can be improved via various approaches to mitigate heavy metal toxicity. This review primarily outlines plants direct and indirect responses to HM stress and the tolerance mechanisms by which plants combat the toxic effects of metals and metalloids to understand the effective management of HMs and metalloids in the soil system. Furthermore, this review highlights measures to mitigate metal and metalloid toxicity and improve metal tolerance through various physio-biochemical, biological, and molecular approaches. This review also provides a comprehensive account of all the mitigative approaches by comparing physio-biochemical, biological and molecular approaches. Finally, we compared all the mitigative approaches used in monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous to increase their metal tolerance. Although many studies have compared monocot and dicot plants based on metal toxicity and tolerance effects, comparisons of these mitigative approaches have not been explored.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 4","pages":"76"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11885775/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143584288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neuroprotective and antioxidant effects of <i>Urtica dioica</i> extract against chlorpyrifos-induced toxicity: an in vivo study.","authors":"Ahlem Chira, Imen Dridi, Fatma Rahmouni, Ichrak Ben Amor, Bochra Gargouri, Choumous Kallel, Kamel Jamoussi, Abdelfattah El Feki, Mongi Saoudi","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04239-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-025-04239-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study examines the neuroprotective and antioxidant effects of <i>Urtica dioica</i> ethanolic extract (UDExt) and melatonin (Mel) in mitigating chlorpyrifos (CPF)-induced toxicity in rats, with melatonin serving as a standard antioxidant. Male <i>Wistar</i> rats were divided into six groups: (I) Control, (II) UDExt (200 mg/kg), (III) Mel (20 mg/kg), (IV) CPF (10 mg/kg), (V) UDExt + CPF, and (VI) Mel + CPF. UDExt and Mel were administered for 7 days prior to CPF exposure, followed by a treatment of 14 days. The findings revealed that CPF exposure significantly impaired hematological parameters (WBC, PLT, LYM), increased lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation, and decreased antioxidant enzyme activities (SOD, CAT, GPx) in brain and cerebellar tissues compared to control rats. Behavioral tests, including the open field test, showed that CPF reduced locomotor activity and increased anxiogenic symptoms. The Y-maze test revealed impaired recognition memory, and the tail suspension test indicated increased depressive symptoms. Histological analysis revealed neuronal damage in the brain and cerebellum tissues. Treatment with UDExt or melatonin, following CPF exposure, significantly improved hematological parameters, reduced lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation, normalized antioxidant enzyme activities, and alleviated neurobehavioral alterations. Histopathological analysis also showed that UDExt or melatonin combined with CPF notably reduced neuronal damage in the brain and cerebellum. UDExt and melatonin mitigated the CPF-induced neurobehavioral alterations associated oxidative injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 4","pages":"86"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11904075/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143646666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of nanobionics to improve the photosynthetic productivity in plants and algae: an emerging approach.","authors":"Komal Pandey, Chitralekha Nag Dasgupta","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04244-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04244-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The domain of nanobionics has gained attention since its inception due to its potential applicability in plant, microalgal treatments, productivity enhancement. This review compares the intake and mobilization of nanoparticles (NPs) in plant and algal cell. In plants, NPs enter from root or other openings, and then carried by apoplastic or symplastic transport and accumulated in various parts, whereas in algae, NPs enter via endocytosis, passive transmission pathways, traverse the algal cell cytoplasm. This study demonstrated the mechanisms of metal-based NPs such as zinc (Zn), silver (Ag), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), titanium (Ti), and silica (Si) for seed priming or plant treatments to improve productivity. These metal NPs are used as nano-fertilizer for plant growths. It has also been observed that these NPs can reduce pathogenic infection and help to cope up with environmental stresses including heavy metals contamination such as arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), and lead (Pb). Overall, the photosynthetic productivity increases through NPs as it increases ability to enhance light capture, improve electron transport, and optimize carbon fixation pathways and withstand stresses. These advancements not only elevate biomass production in plant improving agricultural output but also support the sustainable generation of biofuels and bioproducts from algae.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 4","pages":"74"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11885746/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143584289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phenylethanoid glycoside-enriched fraction of <i>Clerodendrum glandulosum</i> ameliorates oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction via PGC1α/TFAM upregulation.","authors":"Puspanjali Khound, Nonibala Gurumayum, Sagar Ramrao Barge, Partha Pratim Sarma, Rajlakshmi Devi","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04235-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04235-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Clerodendrum glandulosum</i> is utilized as a soup or vegetable in Northeast India and has been reported to exhibit a range of medicinal and pharmacological properties. Its use in traditional cuisine and medicine highlights its potential importance in both dietary and therapeutic applications. This study focuses on the bioactive potential of the ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) derived from the hydro-alcoholic extract of <i>C. glandulosum</i> leaves against palmitate-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. The EAF exhibited significant radical scavenging activities, with IC₅₀ values of 29.56 µg/mL (ABTS inhibition) and 36.61 µg/mL (DPPH inhibition). Additionally, EAF demonstrated strong anti-glycation properties, effectively reducing fructosamine levels and protein carbonylation while increasing total thiol content. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of several bioactive compounds--namely verbascoside, isoverbascoside, and ferulic acid--associated with potential biological activities. Chromatographic analysis showed that verbascoside is the primary compound, with a concentration of 240.41 ± 8.62 µg/mg. Furthermore, EAF pretreatment significantly lowered the levels of reactive oxygen species, DNA damage, and lactate dehydrogenase release in palmitate-induced cells. During extracellular flux analysis for mitochondrial and glycolysis stress tests, EAF treatment demonstrated effective recovery of mitochondrial respiration and ATP production in palmitate-induced cells. EAF also upregulated essential mitochondrial markers, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), which enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis and function. Overall, our study underscores the potential of the EAF from <i>Clerodendrum glandulosum</i> as a therapeutic agent to mitigate oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. This study suggests the efficacy of the active compounds for further development of phytopharmaceutical interventions for metabolic syndrome and related disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 4","pages":"85"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11896902/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143623127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fostering kappa (κ)-carrageenan hydrogels with the power of a natural crosslinker: a comparison between tender coconut water and potassium chloride (KCl) for therapeutic applications.","authors":"Atharva Markale, Tarun Mateti, K Likhith, S Supriya Bhatt, K M Rajesh, Vishwanath Managuli, Manasa Nune, Ritu Raval, Pradeep Kumar, Goutam Thakur","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04254-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-025-04254-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study investigated the potential of tender coconut water as a natural alternative to potassium chloride (KCl) to crosslink κ-carrageenan hydrogels. κ-Carrageenan hydrogels crosslinked with tender coconut water, KCl, and their combination were formulated with diclofenac sodium as model drug, and their morphology, chemical bonding, compressive strength, water uptake capacity, degradation resistance, and cytotoxicity were assessed. The results showed that crosslinking κ-carrageenan hydrogels with both tender coconut water and KCl increased their compressive strength by up to 450%, provided excellent water retention capacity, and resulted in only 5% degradation after 20 days. Scanning electron microscopy revealed that crosslinking the hydrogel with both tender coconut water and KCl compacted its morphological structure, which remained biocompatible when tested with 3T3 cells. Infrared analysis confirmed that incorporated diclofenac sodium remained inert during preparation of the hydrogel matrices. Furthermore, the in vitro release behavior and antimicrobial properties of the hydrogels were assessed. The drug release profile from hydrogels crosslinked with both tender coconut water and KCl was sustained over 24 h. Such hydrogels also showed a unique antibacterial activity against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (<i>S. aureus</i>) and <i>Escherichia coli</i> (<i>E. coli</i>)-with the activity against <i>E. coli</i> being more pronounced. In conclusion, these results confirm that crosslinking with tender coconut water and KCl is a superior alternative to just with KCl for κ-carrageenan hydrogels.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-025-04254-0.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 4","pages":"87"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11908996/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143646662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Biofilm-mediated bioremediation of xenobiotics and heavy metals: a comprehensive review of microbial ecology, molecular mechanisms, and emerging biotechnological applications.","authors":"Argajit Sarkar, Surajit Bhattacharjee","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04252-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04252-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Environmental pollution, driven by rapid industrialization and urbanization, has emerged as a critical global challenge in the twenty-first century. This comprehensive review explores the potential of bacterial biofilms in bioremediation, focusing on their ability to degrade and transform a wide array of pollutants, including heavy metals, persistent organic pollutants (POPs), oil spills, pesticides, and emerging contaminants, such as pharmaceuticals and microplastics. The unique structural and functional characteristics of biofilms, including their extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) matrix, enhanced genetic exchange, and metabolic cooperation, contribute to their superior pollutant degradation capabilities compared to planktonic bacteria. Recent advancements in biofilm-mediated bioremediation include the application of genetically engineered microorganisms, nanoparticle-biofilm interactions, and innovative biofilm reactor designs. The CRISPR-Cas9 system has shown promise in enhancing the degradative capabilities of biofilm-forming bacteria while integrating nanoparticles with bacterial biofilms demonstrates significant improvements in pollutant degradation efficiency. As global pollution rises, biofilm-based bioremediation emerges as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach to address diverse contaminants. This review signifies the need for further research to optimize these techniques and harness their full potential in addressing pressing environmental challenges.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 4","pages":"78"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11889332/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143584270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Triple regulation of oxidative-acetylation cycling pathways in COPD glucocorticoid resistance by HuaTanJiangQi capsules.","authors":"Jing Wu, Sen Liu, QiQi Song, FuLin Tao, WenTao Zhu, FuPing Zhuang, Wei Fang, ZeGeng Li, DianLei Wang","doi":"10.1007/s13205-025-04249-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-025-04249-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glucocorticoid (GC) resistance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) induced by long-term smoking, significantly reduces the quality of life of patients. The complex interaction between antioxidants and acetylation is an important factor that contributes to the slow progression of treatment. This study highlights the development of GC resistance in COPD through 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1), histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2), and nuclear related factor 2 (Nrf2), using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, western blotting, and siRNA silencing. Our results suggest that long-term exposure to cigarette smoke can increase 4-HNE toxicity via reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced lipid peroxidation and decrease the expression of MRP1, histone HDAC2, and Nrf2. Together, these molecules form and enhance the cyclic resistance pathway in COPD, including MRP1 reducing 4-HNE efflux, 4-HNE down-regulating HDAC2 expression by oxidation, HDAC2 reducing Nrf2 transcription by deacetylation, and Nrf2 reducing MRP1 expression through acetylation. The HuaTanJiangQi Capsule (HTJQ) reduces GC resistance via a triple regulatory pathway by enhancing the activity of HDAC2, promoting the transcription of Nrf2, up-regulating the expression of MRP1, and reducing lipid peroxidation induced by ROS. Thus, this cyclic mechanism of GC resistance in COPD may open new avenues for robust therapies using HTJQ.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"15 4","pages":"72"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11883076/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143584291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}