3 Biotech最新文献

{"title":"Green synthesis of silver-doped nickel oxide nanoparticles using <i>Psidium guajava</i> leaf extract and their anti-cancer potential on glioma cells.","authors":"Jun Tan, Jingnan Tian, He Hou, Abdullah A Alarfaj, Palanisamy Arulselvan, Di Fan","doi":"10.1007/s13205-026-05053-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-026-05053-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Glioma is an aggressive brain tumor with limited therapeutic options, highlighting the need for the development of effective nanomaterial-based anticancer agents. In the present study, silver (Ag)-doped nickel oxide (NiO) nanoparticles were green synthesized using <i>Psidium guajava</i> leaf extract and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering (DLS). XRD confirmed the formation of crystalline cubic NiO with successful Ag incorporation, while FESEM revealed quasi-spherical nanoparticles with an agglomerated porous morphology. UV-Vis spectroscopy exhibited characteristic absorption bands at 268 and 398 nm, FTIR confirmed Ni-O vibrations and phytochemical functional groups involved in nanoparticle stabilization, and DLS analysis showed a median hydrodynamic diameter of 56.50 nm. The anticancer activity of the nanoparticles was evaluated against C6 rat glioma cells. Ag-doped NiO nanoparticles significantly decreased cell viability in a concentration-dependent manner after 72 h, with an IC₅₀ value of 24.67 µg/mL, and markedly increased lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, indicating enhanced cytotoxicity. Acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining demonstrated significant apoptosis induction, with apoptotic cells increasing to 36.67 ± 1.38% compared with 7.39 ± 0.92% in untreated controls. These findings demonstrate that green-synthesized Ag-doped NiO nanoparticles possess potent cytotoxic and pro-apoptotic activity against glioma cells and warrant further investigation as a promising nanotherapeutic strategy for glioma treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"16 10","pages":"409"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13545196/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148896290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential effects and mechanistic associations of propranolol stereoisomers in infantile hemangioma endothelial cells.","authors":"Wei Peng, Haijin Huang, Pinchao Yang, Yuyang Zheng, Zhancheng Li, Yong Zeng, Qian Liu, Haijin Liu","doi":"10.1007/s13205-026-05059-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-026-05059-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infantile hemangioma is a common vascular tumor in infants, and propranolol efficacy varies with drug form and signaling context. This study used an integrated analysis pipeline combining assays of hemangioma endothelial cells (HemECs), receptor-ligand simulation, transcriptomics, and pathway perturbation to compare R-propranolol, S-propranolol, and racemic propranolol. R-propranolol showed the strongest cellular inhibition, reducing 72-h viability to 44.2 ± 3.5%, increasing apoptosis to 20.1 ± 0.6%, inducing G0/G1 accumulation to 72.2 ± 2.3%, and lowering migrated cell counts from 435.3 ± 48.6 to 90.5 ± 9.8. Docking and 100-ns molecular dynamics predicted a more stable R-propranolol-β2-adrenergic receptor complex, with docking energy of  - 9.3 ± 0.2 kcal/mol, equilibrium RMSD of 0.18 ± 0.02 nm, and MM-PBSA binding free energy of  - 47.6 ± 3.8 kcal/mol. RNA sequencing identified 684 upregulated and 731 downregulated genes after R-propranolol treatment, with PI3K-AKT signaling prioritized by enrichment analysis. Functional rescue with IGF-1 partially attenuated R-propranolol-induced changes in cell viability, apoptosis, cell-cycle distribution, and migration, while pathway inhibitor comparison further supported the involvement of PI3K-AKT-related signaling. These results suggest that propranolol stereochemistry is associated with differential HemEC responses and provide an integrative framework linking predicted β2-adrenergic receptor interaction with PI3K-AKT-related functional regulation in hemangioma endothelial cells.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"16 10","pages":"410"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546247/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148900000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Host immune dysregulation associated with high plasma EBV-DNA load in children and its potential association with secondary infection.","authors":"Shasha Dai, Peng Wang, Liming Cao","doi":"10.1007/s13205-026-05039-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-026-05039-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>High plasma Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-DNA load may be associated with host immune dysregulation and secondary infection in children, although the underlying mechanisms remain uncertain. This study analyzed peripheral blood samples from 34 children with high plasma EBV-DNA load and 31 children with low plasma EBV-DNA load using transcriptomic analysis, WGCNA, CIBERSORT-based deconvolution, LASSO regression, Random Forest, qPCR, ELISA, and flow cytometry to explore immune features associated with EBV-DNA load and secondary-infection status. A total of 459 differentially expressed genes were identified. In the high-load group, antiviral and inflammatory pathways were significantly upregulated, whereas adaptive immune pathways were suppressed, revealing a pattern of innate immune hyperactivation together with impaired adaptive cellular immunity. CIBERSORT analysis estimated higher neutrophil and monocyte proportions and lower CD8⁺ T-cell and NK-cell proportions in the high-load group; these deconvolution estimates should not be interpreted as direct cell counts. Multi-strategy integrative analysis prioritized <i>STAT1</i>, <i>CXCL10</i>, and <i>IL6</i> as candidate immune-related markers; their expression was positively associated with plasma EBV-DNA load and was higher in the secondary-infection group than in the non-infection group. Within this cohort, the combined three-gene model yielded an AUC of 0.85 for discriminating secondary-infection status and should be considered exploratory pending independent validation. Experimental validation was directionally consistent with the bioinformatic findings and supports an association between high plasma EBV-DNA load, circulating immune dysregulation, and secondary-infection status; it does not establish a causal mechanism.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"16 10","pages":"407"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13538312/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148885936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combining network pharmacology and experimental validation to explore the therapeutic mechanism of Banxia Xiexin decoction in type 2 diabetes mellitus.","authors":"Lijuan Du, Yupeng Chen, Xiugang Zhang, Yingying Han, Gaofeng Qin, Yiting Tang, Shijie Han, Yanhong Yang, Quanlin Zhao, Shoujun Song","doi":"10.1007/s13205-026-05001-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-026-05001-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by insulin resistance (IR), with chronic low-grade inflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction contributing to disease progression. Banxia Xiexin Decoction (BXXD), a classical traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, has shown clinical efficacy against T2DM, but its bioactive components and molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This study aimed to elucidate the therapeutic mechanism of BXXD against T2DM by integrating network pharmacology, genetic causal inference, chemical profiling, and in vivo validation.Network pharmacology identified BXXD-T2DM overlapping targets and enriched pathways. Summary-data-based Mendelian randomization (SMR) and molecular docking assessed causality and binding affinity. Bioactive constituents were characterized by UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS. Mechanisms were validated in high-fat diet/streptozotocin (HFD/STZ)-induced diabetic C57BL/6J mice treated with BXXD for 8 weeks.Network pharmacology identified 217 targets, highlighting IL-1β, TNF-α, AKT1, PPARG, and SIRT1, with AMPK signaling highly enriched. SMR indicated that <i>AKT1</i> and <i>SIRT1</i> were causally associated with T2DM risk. UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS of BXXD-containing serum identified 18 prototype compounds and 53 metabolites, and quercetin, kaempferol, and wogonin stably bound the key targets. In vivo, BXXD lowered fasting blood glucose, HOMA-IR, and GTT/ITT AUCs; reduced TNF-α, IL-1β, ROS, and MDA; restored SOD activity; and preserved adipose tissue morphology. Mechanistically, BXXD activated AMPK/SIRT1 signaling, enhanced mitophagy (increased PINK1, Parkin, and LC3-II/LC3-I; decreased p62), and upregulated PPARG and p-AKT1.BXXD alleviates T2DM-associated metabolic dysregulation by activating the AMPK/SIRT1-mitophagy axis and suppressing inflammation, providing mechanistic evidence supporting further translational investigation of BXXD for T2DM.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-026-05001-9.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"16 10","pages":"406"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13538313/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148885906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mighty microproteins: from versatile cellular regulators to precision medicine therapeutics.","authors":"Muhammad Azhar, Faiz-Ul Hassan, Muhammad Asif Arain","doi":"10.1007/s13205-026-05054-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-026-05054-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Microproteins, are tiny proteins encoded by small open reading frame (sORF), translation of these non-canonical open reading frames (ncORFs) has been implicated in diverse biological processes and diseases. This review summarizes recent developments in the discovery, biogenesis, and functional characterization of microproteins, and their involvement in various disease, with special focus on their roles in cancer, cardiovascular, metabolic, neurodegenerative and immune-related disorders. We emphasize the regulation of key cellular pathways by microproteins, including mitochondrial homeostasis, apoptosis, metabolic reprogramming, and immune signaling, all of which affect disease initiation and progression. Emerging evidence also supports their potential as disease biomarkers and therapeutic candidates for precision medicine. Finally, the review critically discusses the current challenges including discrepancies in microprotein annotation, the limitations of ribosome profiling and proteogenomic approaches, the gap between computationally predicted and experimentally validated microproteins, and the need for rigorous orthogonal validation by means of CRISPR-based genome editing, ribosome release assays, mutational analysis, high-resolution mass spectrometry, and functional studies. Finally, we review recent development of AI-assisted ORF prediction, single-cell translatomics, spatial proteomics, and integrated multi-omics as emerging technologies reshaping. Microprotein discovery and functional annotation. Finally, we discuss the translational potential of microproteins and highlight the remaining challenges to clinical application, including peptide stability, pharmacokinetics, tissue-specific delivery, immunogenicity, and the need for rigorous preclinical and clinical validation. Together, this review provides an updated and critical overview of the rapidly evolving microprotein field and highlights future research priorities for translating these molecules into clinically useful biomarkers and precision therapeutics.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"16 10","pages":"408"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13538321/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148885931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a recombinant <i>Bacillus ligniniphilus</i> L1 laccase-rice straw biochar composite for efficient deltamethrin bioremediation.","authors":"Mujeeb Ur Rahman, Junaid Ali Shah, Haroon, Hansa Gul, Zahida Nasreen, Muhammad Shoaib","doi":"10.1007/s13205-026-05021-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-026-05021-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study reports the development of a recombinant <i>Bacillus ligniniphilus</i> L1 laccase-rice straw biochar composite and its application in deltamethrin bioremediation. The L1-laccase was heterologously expressed in <i>E. coli</i> BL21 (DE3), purified to a specific activity of 186 U/mg, and covalently immobilized on NaOH- and glutaraldehyde-modified rice straw biochar. Molecular docking against the AlphaFold2-predicted structure (UniProt E9PZ36) yielded a binding affinity of - 6.9 kcal/mol, with one hydrogen bond to MET216 (2.77 Å) and hydrophobic contacts with MET197, MET202, and MET210. However, 100 ns molecular dynamics simulations confirmed a conformationally stable complex (RMSD ~0.42 nm, radius of gyration ~2.21 nm, SASA ~215 nm²). Immobilization shifted the activity optima from pH 7.5 and 45 °C (free) to pH 8.0 and 50 °C (immobilized) and markedly improved stability: the immobilized enzyme retained 74% of its initial activity after 6 days at 4 °C and 18% after 8 catalytic cycles. The apparent Kₘ increased from 0.38 mM (free) to 0.54 mM (immobilized), with kcat values of 178 s⁻¹ and 130.7 s⁻¹, respectively. Under an aggressive deltamethrin load (1000 mg/L), the immobilized laccase achieved 92.3% degradation within 18 h at 50 °C, compared with 68.7% for the free enzyme, producing two major phenolic metabolites (tR = 1.854 and 2.436 min) and one minor unidentified product. These results establish a cost-effective, reusable, and scalable biocatalyst for the bioremediation of pyrethroid-contaminated environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"16 10","pages":"411"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13546214/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148900060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amine-tethered zeolite dielectric glucose sensing surface for monitoring gestational diabetes.","authors":"Yansheng Liu, Jingjing Wang, Liming Ma, Xiaofeng Yan, Subash C B Gopinath, Ying Huang","doi":"10.1007/s13205-026-05006-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-026-05006-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Unlike traditional forms of diabetes, gestational diabetes develops during pregnancy as a result of physiological changes and can lead to significant health complications for both the mother and the fetus. In this study, a chemically tethered zeolite-modified interdigitated electrode (IDE) sensing surface was developed for the quantification of glucose. Zeolite nanoparticles were synthesized from thermal power plant fly ash using a sol-gel method and used for surface functionalization. Imaging of the extracted zeolite with FESEM and FETEM analyses revealed a spherical morphology with a size range of approximately 90 nm. EDX analysis confirmed the presence of major elements [Silica (6.24%), Alumina (5.4%) and Oxygen (48%)] in the synthesized zeolite. Zeolite was immobilized onto the IDE (interdigitated dielectrodes) fabricated by a wet-etching technique, followed by the immobilization of glucose oxidase (GOx) through the aldehyde ends of glutaraldehyde. The chemical surface created can detect glucose as low as 6 mg/dL with a linear regression [y = 0.766x - 0.9727; R² = 0.977], over a range of 6 to 200 mg/dL. Discrimination experiments with uric acid and ascorbic acid did not produce significant current responses, confirming the specificity of glucose detection. Further, glucose mixed with control molecules was detected without interference, indicating a good selectivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"16 9","pages":"386"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13504032/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148817011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early indicators of Bt resistance: Variation in Cry toxin susceptibility in field populations of <i>Helicoverpa armigera</i> (Hübner) from India.","authors":"H T Rangaraju, Vivek Shah, G T Behere, Joy Das, Pooja Verma, Rakesh Kumar, Neelakanth Hiremani, Supratik Palchoudhury, Shivaji Thube, Rahul Phuke, Debashis Paul, Y G Prasad, V N Waghmare","doi":"10.1007/s13205-026-05030-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-026-05030-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The cotton bollworm, <i>Helicoverpa armigera</i>, is a highly destructive and polyphagous pest with major economic impact on cotton worldwide. In present study, ten field populations of <i>H. armigera</i> were collected from seven districts of Maharashtra and three districts of Gujarat representing Central India. These populations were evaluated against Cry toxins using diet incorporation bioassays. For Cry1Ac, most populations showed high resistance with resistance ratios exceeding 100-fold, Parbhani recorded highest LC₅₀ value of 2.90 ppm followed by Amreli, Ahmedabad and Washim. These four populations recorded resistance ratio above 200-fold. Nagpur (0.90 ppm) population showed low to moderate resistance and was least resistant field population recorded in present study. For Cry2Ab, most populations showed low to moderate resistance with Nanded (12.93 ppm) population recorded the highest LC₅₀ and Nagpur (3.67 ppm) recorded the lowest LC₅₀ indicating susceptibility with resistance ratio of 6.44-fold. The Cry1Ac resistance was inversely correlated with alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity with correlation coefficient of 0.95. Nagpur population showed low to moderate resistance to Cry1Ac recorded highest ALP activity (643.55 U/L), while four most resistant populations Parbhani, Amreli, Ahmedabad and Washim had significantly lower ALP activity which was non-significant among these four resistant populations. Isozyme banding patterns ranged 55-80 kDa in Maharashtra and 55-100 kDa in Gujarat populations. For Cry2Ab, resistance showed moderate correlation with esterase activity that was non-significant. Molecular studies revealed <i>ABCC2</i> domain mutations (NBD1, NBD2, ECL4) in resistant populations from Ahmedabad, Parbhani, and Buldhana, whereas comparatively lower resistant populations (Yavatmal, Anand) lacked mutations. These findings highlight possible association between <i>ABCC2</i> mutations and Cry1Ac resistance with inverse correlation of ALP activity, indicating evolving biochemical and molecular adaptations that could threaten the long-term durability of Bt cotton in India.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"16 9","pages":"385"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13504052/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148817077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemoinformatic and machine learning fusion for designing silver nanoparticles with enhanced antimicrobial properties.","authors":"Hang Yin, Iftikhar Ahmed, Calvyn Howells, Sachal Pervaiz, Shuangyin Liu, Ferdous Sohel, Shafqat Iqbal, Jiayi Sun, Qiang Liu, Murtaza Hasan, Shahbaz Gul Hassan","doi":"10.1007/s13205-026-04991-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-026-04991-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Predicting the antimicrobial efficacy of newly synthesized nanoparticles remains a complex and resource-intensive task. In this study, we present an interpretable machine learning framework for predicting the antimicrobial activity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), utilizing a curated dataset from NanoAntimicrobialDB. The dataset includes physicochemical descriptors and synthesis metadata, which are processed through multi-view feature fusion. We integrate structured numerical features, such as particle size, morphology, and surface charge, with unstructured text features from bacterial strains, synthesis methods, and reagents using TF-IDF embedding and Truncated Singular Value Decomposition (SVD). Six machine learning models-Logistic Regression, Random Forest, XGBoost, LightGBM, CatBoost, and Support Vector Machine (SVM)-were trained and evaluated, with threshold optimization performed using Youden's J statistic. Among the models, CatBoost achieved the highest ROC AUC of 0.9496. At the same time, Logistic Regression achieved the highest accuracy after threshold tuning. SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis identified synthesis method, particle size, nanoparticle stabilization, and surface charge as critical factors influencing antimicrobial efficacy. These results highlight the potential of the proposed framework to predict antimicrobial activity and guide the rational design of next-generation antimicrobial nanoparticles.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"16 9","pages":"373"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13462011/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148719619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Renoprotective effects of the erucic acid in experimental diabetic nephropathy: antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and in silico insights.","authors":"Thamir M Eid, Fahad A Al-Abbasi, Muhammad Afzal, Azizah Salim Bawadood, Hayat M Albishi, Sami I Alzarea, Kamel Chaieb, Nadeem Sayyed, Imran Kazmi","doi":"10.1007/s13205-026-05041-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s13205-026-05041-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetic nephropathy is one of the leading microvascular complications of diabetes mellitus and a major cause of chronic kidney disease worldwide. Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation play central roles in its progression. Erucic acid is a naturally occurring monounsaturated omega-9 fatty acid with reported antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. We evaluated the renoprotective effects of erucic acid in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic nephropathy in rats using biochemical and histopathological analyses. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of STZ (65 mg/kg), followed by oral administration of erucic acid (10 and 20 mg/kg) once daily for 8 weeks. Erucic acid significantly improved glycemic control by reducing blood glucose and HbA1c levels, increasing insulin and adiponectin levels, and decreasing resistin levels. It also ameliorated dyslipidemia by reducing total cholesterol and triglyceride levels and increasing HDL levels. Renal function was significantly improved, as evidenced by reduced serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, urinary albumin excretion, and 24-h urine volume, along with increased creatinine clearance and preservation of renal histoarchitecture. Erucic acid restored antioxidant enzyme activities (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione), reduced malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels, downregulated pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6), and decreased the renal injury biomarkers KIM-1 and NGAL. These findings demonstrate that erucic acid exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and renoprotective effects against STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy and may represent a promising therapeutic candidate for diabetic kidney disease.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-026-05041-1.</p>","PeriodicalId":7067,"journal":{"name":"3 Biotech","volume":"16 9","pages":"404"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13534401/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148878695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}