Journal of Surface Investigation: X-ray, Synchrotron and Neutron Techniques最新文献_第4页

Features of Ohmic Contact with an Ion-Induced p-GaAs Nanolayer 离子诱导p-GaAs纳米层欧姆接触特性研究

IF 0.5

Journal of Surface Investigation: X-ray, Synchrotron and Neutron Techniques Pub Date : 2024-12-18 DOI: 10.1134/S1027451024700988

V. M. Mikoushkin, E. A. Markova, D. A. Novikov

{"title":"Features of Ohmic Contact with an Ion-Induced p-GaAs Nanolayer","authors":"V. M. Mikoushkin, E. A. Markova, D. A. Novikov","doi":"10.1134/S1027451024700988","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1027451024700988","url":null,"abstract":"The properties of a metal contact with a p-GaAs layer ~8 nm thick induced by low-energy Ar+ ions on an n-GaAs wafer as a result of the conduction type conversion have been studied. The metal was deposited according to the standard technology on the surface of the semiconductor p-GaAs with a natural oxide layer partially restored when the sample was transferred to a deposition setup. To prevent metallization of the nanolayer the contact was not annealed. Therefore, a Schottky barrier emerged at the interface and a residual oxide layer retained. However, current–voltage characteristics showed that the formed contact is predominantly ohmic. It has been found that a high concentration of ion-induced defects radically reduces the width of the Schottky barrier and ensures the tunneling of holes and electrons of the semiconductor valence band through the barrier in the forward and reverse directions, respectively. It has been shown that ion bombardment of the p-GaAs semiconductor surface makes it possible to obtain an ohmic contact with any metal without annealing. It is concluded that the ion-stimulated modification of the semiconductor and the exclusion of annealing make it possible to obtain a tunnel ohmic contact with an extremely thin p-GaAs nanolayer coated with the residual layer of natural oxide.","PeriodicalId":671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surface Investigation: X-ray, Synchrotron and Neutron Techniques","volume":"18 5","pages":"1167 - 1172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142845112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Estimation of the Coherently Scattering Domain Size in Alloys from Neutron Diffraction Data 从中子衍射数据估算合金中的相干散射域尺寸

IF 0.5

Journal of Surface Investigation: X-ray, Synchrotron and Neutron Techniques Pub Date : 2024-12-18 DOI: 10.1134/S1027451024700770

B. Yerzhanov, I. A. Bobrikov, A. M. Balagurov

{"title":"Estimation of the Coherently Scattering Domain Size in Alloys from Neutron Diffraction Data","authors":"B. Yerzhanov, I. A. Bobrikov, A. M. Balagurov","doi":"10.1134/S1027451024700770","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1027451024700770","url":null,"abstract":"To determine the size distribution of structurally ordered clusters dispersed within a structurally disordered alloy matrix, we analyze the diffraction patterns of the Fe74Al26 alloy obtained using a high-resolution neutron diffractometer. This analysis employs the generalized Scherrer method, which involves analyzing diffraction-peak profiles, determining peak widths at heights of 1/5 and 4/5 of the maximum, and assuming a gamma distribution for cluster sizes (Pielaszek method). We compare the results obtained using the Scherrer, Williamson–Hall, and Pielaszek methods, finding them to agree. We propose an algorithm to calculate the log-normal distribution function of cluster/particle sizes. Experimental data are obtained using a time-of-flight neutron diffractometer. The analysis is conducted for two scanning variable options: in the crystallographic (direct) (d scale) and reciprocal (H scale) spaces, and possible systematic errors are evaluated. We conclude that the average sizes determined in this manner possess the necessary degree of stability, showing a weak dependence on the applied scanning variable and the total number of experimental points.","PeriodicalId":671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surface Investigation: X-ray, Synchrotron and Neutron Techniques","volume":"18 5","pages":"1022 - 1032"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142844936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Estimation of Internal Charging Potentials of Dielectrics Coated with a Conductive Film 估算涂有导电薄膜的电介质的内部充电电位

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Journal of Surface Investigation: X-ray, Synchrotron and Neutron Techniques Pub Date : 2024-12-18 DOI: 10.1134/S1027451024700812

N. G. Orlikovskaya, E. Yu. Zykova, A. A. Tatarintsev

引用次数: 0

Determination of the Ratio of Atoms and Molecules in a Tellurium Beam Using a Mass Spectrometer 使用质谱仪测定碲光束中的原子和分子比率

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Journal of Surface Investigation: X-ray, Synchrotron and Neutron Techniques Pub Date : 2024-12-18 DOI: 10.1134/S1027451024700861

V. I. Mikhailov, L. E. Polyak

{"title":"Determination of the Ratio of Atoms and Molecules in a Tellurium Beam Using a Mass Spectrometer","authors":"V. I. Mikhailov, L. E. Polyak","doi":"10.1134/S1027451024700861","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1027451024700861","url":null,"abstract":"The work is devoted to clarifying the ratio of atoms and molecules of tellurium vapor in interaction with various metal substrates (copper, nickel). Atoms (Te) and molecules (Te2) present in the tellurium vapor phase in mass spectrometric measurements correspond to ion currents of monomers J(Te+) and dimers J(({text{Te}}_{2}^{ + })). The work is performed on a molecular beam epitaxy unit with desorption flow control by mass spectrometry and surface condition by reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED). A molecular tellurium beam is obtained using a Knudsen type source. It is shown that the proportion of monomers in the total desorption beam significantly depends on the temperature of the substrate. This dependence corresponds to the dissociation energy of Te2 molecules on the order of 1.18 eV. At high temperatures (900 K), the proportion of Te monomers can reach 85%; at low temperatures (650 K), 8%. This circumstance should be taken into account when the composition of the vapor phase from the beam source can affect the processes under study. In particular, in mass spectrometric studies of the interaction of the vapor phase with the surface of a solid, for example, in the process of molecular beam epitaxy of CdTe.","PeriodicalId":671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surface Investigation: X-ray, Synchrotron and Neutron Techniques","volume":"18 5","pages":"1088 - 1093"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142845006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Features of Layer Formation on the Surface of Valve Metals in the Process of the Ion-Beam-Assisted Deposition of Metals from Vacuum-Arc Discharge Plasma 真空弧放电等离子体离子束辅助沉积金属过程中阀门金属表面层形成的特点

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Journal of Surface Investigation: X-ray, Synchrotron and Neutron Techniques Pub Date : 2024-12-18 DOI: 10.1134/S1027451024700836

V. V. Poplavsky, O. G. Bobrovich, A. V. Dorozhko, V. G. Matys

{"title":"Features of Layer Formation on the Surface of Valve Metals in the Process of the Ion-Beam-Assisted Deposition of Metals from Vacuum-Arc Discharge Plasma","authors":"V. V. Poplavsky, O. G. Bobrovich, A. V. Dorozhko, V. G. Matys","doi":"10.1134/S1027451024700836","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1027451024700836","url":null,"abstract":"Layers on the surface of aluminum, aluminum alloy, titanium, and tantalum are formed using ion-beam-assisted metal deposition. Deposition of the metal and mixing of the deposited layer with the substrate surface with accelerated (U = 20 kV) ions of the same metal are carried out in an experimental setup, respectively, from the neutral fraction of metal vapor and ionized plasma of a pulsed vacuum (p ~ 10–2 Pa) arc discharge. Multi-component amorphous layers containing atoms of the deposited metal, components of the substrate material including oxygen of the surface oxide film, as well as hydrocarbon molecules as impurities, are obtained. It is established that during the ion-beam-assisted deposition of metals with getter properties (Zr, Cr, Er, Dy, etc.) onto the surface of the materials under study, significant amounts of gases are captured from the residual atmosphere of the vacuum working chamber and included in the composition of the layer being formed. It is noted that the content of atoms of the substrate material in the layer is small. During the ion-beam-assisted deposition of metals which do not exhibit getter properties, the content of impurities in the resulting layers is significantly less; they contain atoms of the deposited metal and the substrate material.","PeriodicalId":671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surface Investigation: X-ray, Synchrotron and Neutron Techniques","volume":"18 5","pages":"1065 - 1071"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142845055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Analysis of the Surface of Thermoemitters by Ion and Electron Beams 用离子束和电子束分析热敏电阻表面

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Journal of Surface Investigation: X-ray, Synchrotron and Neutron Techniques Pub Date : 2024-12-18 DOI: 10.1134/S1027451024701076

S. S. Volkov, T. I. Kitaeva, P. V. Nikolin

引用次数: 0

Ultracold-Neutron Source Based on Superfluid Helium for the PIK Reactor 基于超流氦的PIK反应堆超冷中子源

IF 0.5

Journal of Surface Investigation: X-ray, Synchrotron and Neutron Techniques Pub Date : 2024-12-18 DOI: 10.1134/S1027451024700769

V. A. Lyamkin, A. P. Serebrov, A. O. Koptyuhov, S. N. Ivanov, E. A. Kolomenskiy, A. V. Vasilev

{"title":"Ultracold-Neutron Source Based on Superfluid Helium for the PIK Reactor","authors":"V. A. Lyamkin, A. P. Serebrov, A. O. Koptyuhov, S. N. Ivanov, E. A. Kolomenskiy, A. V. Vasilev","doi":"10.1134/S1027451024700769","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1027451024700769","url":null,"abstract":"A high-density ultracold-neutron source based on superfluid helium is being developed at the Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute (PNPI) of the National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute” for fundamental physics research. This ultracold-neutron source is intended for installation in the largest experimental channel of the PIK reactor complex: the horizontal experimental channel (HEC-4). Calculations indicate that the thermal-neutron flux density at the channel output is 3 × 1010 cm–2 s–1. The new ultracold-neutron source aims to achieve an ultracold neutron density of 3.5 × 103 cm–3 at the reactor-chamber output and 200 cm–3 in the spectrometer designated for measuring the neutron electric dipole moment. The neutron-guide system for ultracold neutrons is designed to support five experimental facilities alternately. Initially, the ultracold-neutron source will be equipped with existing experimental setups: a neutron electric-dipole-moment spectrometer and two setups for measuring the neutron lifetime (utilizing gravitational and magnetic traps). For this ultracold-neutron source, a unique technological cryogenic complex has been designed and implemented to work with superfluid helium under reactor-installation conditions. This complex includes equipment capable of achieving temperatures down to 1 K and removing heat from superfluid helium at a rate of up to 60 W.","PeriodicalId":671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surface Investigation: X-ray, Synchrotron and Neutron Techniques","volume":"18 5","pages":"1015 - 1021"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142844935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of Exposure to Nonthermal Atmospheric Pressure Plasma on Surface Modification of Cereal Seeds 非热大气压等离子体暴露对谷物种子表面改性的影响

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Journal of Surface Investigation: X-ray, Synchrotron and Neutron Techniques Pub Date : 2024-12-18 DOI: 10.1134/S1027451024701131

B. B. Baldanov, A. P. Semenov, Ts. V. Ranzhurov

{"title":"Effect of Exposure to Nonthermal Atmospheric Pressure Plasma on Surface Modification of Cereal Seeds","authors":"B. B. Baldanov, A. P. Semenov, Ts. V. Ranzhurov","doi":"10.1134/S1027451024701131","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1027451024701131","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of nonthermal plasma on the surface properties of spring wheat seeds was studied. For plasma treatment of seeds a source of volumetric nonthermal argon plasma based on glow discharge at atmospheric pressure was used. The discharge was created in an electrode structure with a multipointed sectioned cathode and a flat metal anode. Two batches of seeds were prepared, each batch containing 100 seeds. Seeds from one batch were exposed to plasma, while seeds from the other batch were used as controls. Wettability measurements and surface modification analysis by electron scanning microscopy were performed to evaluate the plasma effects on the seed material. It was shown that as a result of plasma treatment the surface of seeds becomes hydrophilic, which is characterized by a decrease in the contact angle and an increase in the surface energy of seeds. It was established that plasma exposure of wheat seed coatings leads to modification of the seed surface, which consists in the manifestation of a fine mesh morphology on the seed surface with different cell size and rather sharply defined boundaries; the etching effects on the seed surface increase with increasing exposure duration or discharge power.","PeriodicalId":671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surface Investigation: X-ray, Synchrotron and Neutron Techniques","volume":"18 5","pages":"1276 - 1280"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142844838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Deposition of Gd2O3 Coatings by Reactive Anodic Evaporation in a Low-Pressure Arc 低压电弧反应阳极蒸发沉积Gd2O3涂层

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Journal of Surface Investigation: X-ray, Synchrotron and Neutron Techniques Pub Date : 2024-12-18 DOI: 10.1134/S1027451024700903

A. S. Kamenetskikh, N. V. Gavrilov, A. V. Chukin

{"title":"Deposition of Gd2O3 Coatings by Reactive Anodic Evaporation in a Low-Pressure Arc","authors":"A. S. Kamenetskikh, N. V. Gavrilov, A. V. Chukin","doi":"10.1134/S1027451024700903","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1027451024700903","url":null,"abstract":"Gd2O3 coatings are deposited at a rate of 1.6 μm/h using the reactive anodic evaporation of Gd from a water-cooled crucible in a discharge with a self-heated hollow cathode. A power density on the crucible surface (more than 0.5 kW/cm2) sufficient to evaporate Gd is achieved by increasing the discharge current to 30 A and compressing the electron flow in the anode region by the field of a short solenoid, the maximum induction of which is 20 mT. The composition of the gas–metal (Ar/O2–Gd) plasma is studied using optical emission spectroscopy. It is shown that the high frequency of interaction of electrons with Gd vapor near the surface of the crucible provides an increase in the degree of metal ionization to ~90%; the degree of O2 dissociation is ~13%. The structural and phase state of Gd2O3 coatings deposited at temperatures in the range from 150 to 600°C is studied. It is established that reactive anodic evaporation in a low-pressure arc (0.2 Pa) under conditions of an increased degree of ionization of the metal and reactive gas allows implementation of the low-temperature (150°C) formation of single-phase Gd2O3 coatings with a cubic structure, the level of internal stresses in which is ~0.1 GPa. A low level of internal stresses and synthesis temperature make it possible to obtain single-phase adhesively strong coatings with a thickness of ~1 μm.","PeriodicalId":671,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Surface Investigation: X-ray, Synchrotron and Neutron Techniques","volume":"18 5","pages":"1111 - 1117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142845005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the Optimization of Neutron-Reflectometry Experiments on Thin Films of Hybrid Perovskites for Photovoltaics 关于优化光伏用混合过氧化物薄膜的中子反射实验

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Journal of Surface Investigation: X-ray, Synchrotron and Neutron Techniques Pub Date : 2024-12-18 DOI: 10.1134/S1027451024701106

M. V. Avdeev, T. V. Tropin, V. V. Sadilov

引用次数: 0