Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material (NORM) in the oil and gas industry of Pakistan","authors":"Nazia Saleem,&nbsp;Nasir Bilal,&nbsp;Ahmad Ali,&nbsp;Abdur Rehman","doi":"10.1007/s10967-024-09933-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10967-024-09933-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Sixteen oil and gas facilities in Pakistan were characterised for evaluation of Naturally Occurring Radioactive Material (NORM). This first-of-its-kind study may determine the need to establish national regulatory requirements for NORM activities. Gamma dose rates at each site and specific activities of ²²⁶Ra, ²²⁸Ra and ⁴⁰K in samples of scale, sludge, produced water, and soil by gamma spectrometry were measured. Subsequently, Annual Effective Doses due to external exposure were estimated. Results were found below the exemption levels. Based on maximum levels of ²²⁶Ra in sludge and scale along with radionuclides buildup over time, facilities were advised to regularly assess NORM.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry","volume":"334 2","pages":"1569 - 1576"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143481139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraction of f-elements with diglycolamides in polar aliphatic fluorinated diluents","authors":"Ekaterina Kenf,&nbsp;Lyudmila Tkachenko,&nbsp;Vasiliy Babain,&nbsp;Natalya Sapozhnikova,&nbsp;Mikhail Alyapyshev","doi":"10.1007/s10967-024-09938-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10967-024-09938-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The extraction of f-elements from nitric acid solutions with symmetric diglycolamides in polar aliphatic fluorinated diluents was studied. The influence of diamide structure, namely of the length of alkyl substituents (C4, C6, C8) on amidic nitrogen atom, on the extraction properties was investigated. New extraction solvent on the base of N,N,N′,N′-tetrahexyl diglycolamide in formal of tetrafluorpropyl alcohol (FN-1) was proposed for selective Am (III) separation from PUREX-process raffinates.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry","volume":"334 3","pages":"2379 - 2390"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10967-024-09938-0.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143707190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural and anthropogenic radionuclides in selected environmental radioactivity monitoring sites in Singapore","authors":"E. Wong,&nbsp;H. J. Tan,&nbsp;J. A. Corcho-Alvarado,&nbsp;E. Loh,&nbsp;J. Ong,&nbsp;C. Y. Ong,&nbsp;D. Toh,&nbsp;S. Röllin,&nbsp;R. Gosteli,&nbsp;H. Sahli,&nbsp;V. Furrer,&nbsp;S. Kradolfer,&nbsp;J. Ossola,&nbsp;C. Von Gunten,&nbsp;M. Stauffer","doi":"10.1007/s10967-024-09920-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10967-024-09920-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper provides insights into the radioactivity levels in soils and marine sediments from selected monitoring sites in Singapore. The environmental samples were measured for naturally occurring (e.g., ⁴⁰K, ²³⁸U, ²³⁵U, ²³⁴U and ²³²Th) and anthropogenic (e.g., ⁹⁰Sr, ¹³⁷Cs, ²³⁹Pu and ²⁴⁰Pu) radionuclides. Additionally, the ¹³⁷Cs activity in surface seawater was analysed. In soil, the decay series of ²³²Th and ²³⁸U are the highest contributors to the total radioactivity, while in sediments, ⁴⁰K is the main contributor to the total radioactivity. The massic activities of anthropogenic radionuclides in soil (⁹⁰Sr: 0.24–0.34 Bq kg⁻¹; ¹³⁷Cs: &lt; 0.3–0.65 Bq kg⁻¹; ^239+240Pu: 0.002–0.057 Bq kg⁻¹) and sediment (⁹⁰Sr: 0.15–0.17 Bq kg⁻¹; ¹³⁷Cs: &lt; 0.46–0.54 Bq kg⁻¹; ^239+240Pu: 0.239–0.294 Bq kg⁻¹), and the activity concentration of ¹³⁷Cs in seawater (¹³⁷Cs: 1.1 mBq kg⁻¹), are low and comparable to the values reported for the region. The Pu isotope data demonstrates that the main source of anthropogenic radionuclides in soil (²⁴⁰Pu/²³⁹Pu atom ratios: 0.17–0.19) is the global fallout from nuclear weapons testings (NWTs); in sediments (²⁴⁰Pu/²³⁹Pu atom ratios: 0.24–0.26), contributions from the Pacific Proving Grounds (PPG) have also been identified. This study also highlights significant differences in radioactivity levels in soils between the northern and central regions of Singapore, which are attributed to soil disturbances in the northern region as a result of intensive anthropogenic activities carried out in the 1980s.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry","volume":"334 2","pages":"1433 - 1443"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10967-024-09920-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143481138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and performance of a low-cost, solid-state, thermal neutron sensor with a 10B converter","authors":"P. Costa,&nbsp;J. L. Weaver,&nbsp;M. P. Raele,&nbsp;K. Pritchard,&nbsp;J. B. Leão,&nbsp;C. Domienikan,&nbsp;N. C. Maliszewskyj,&nbsp;F. S. da Silva,&nbsp;W. W. Pereira,&nbsp;F. A. Genezini","doi":"10.1007/s10967-024-09878-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10967-024-09878-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study demonstrates the construction and operation of a portable, solid-state thermal neutron sensor that utilizes a photodiode coated with a thin layer of boron-10 (¹⁰B). The boron layer was created using pulsed laser deposition and analyzed with neutron depth profiling (NDP) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The sensor's response to both thermal and cold neutrons was evaluated under varying neutron fluence rates. Additionally, the impact of the angles between the neutron beam and the sensor surface was examined. SEM results showed a porous ¹⁰B film structure, while NDP indicated a nearly uniform distribution of the isotope throughout the film. The electronic signal generated by the sensor exhibited a linear response to neutron fluence rates. However, the measured intrinsic efficiencies were lower than those of commercially available gas-phase detectors, with thermal neutrons yielding an efficiency of (1.17 ± 0.01) % and cold neutrons at (1.78 ± 0.01) %. Potential design upgrades that could increase the sensor's efficiency in the future are also discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry","volume":"334 2","pages":"1333 - 1342"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143481157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Iron-cerium composites with high molybdenum sorption capability: potential application in low specific activity 99Mo/99mTc generators","authors":"Zhaoying Zhang,&nbsp;He Cai,&nbsp;Zhenjiang Tian,&nbsp;Chuanying Liu,&nbsp;Chengliang Xiao","doi":"10.1007/s10967-024-09925-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10967-024-09925-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p> ^99mTc, as the most widely used radioactive nuclide in diagnostic imaging, whose supply heavily relies on the ⁹⁹Mo. Neutron activation technology, as an alternative to uranium fission technique, has become a pivotal route for producing ⁹⁹Mo. A critical aspect of its practical application lies in enhancing the sorption capacity of the column chromatography packing materials for the low specific activity molybdenum product. This study synthesizes two types of iron-cerium bimetallic composite materials, iron-cerium alkoxide (ICA) and iron-cerium oxide (ICO), as novel column chromatography packing materials compatible with low specific activity ⁹⁹Mo. Characterization techniques such as TEM, XRD, and BET were employed to reveal the surface morphology and mesoporous structure of ICA and ICO. An evaluation of their sorption performance showed that both ICA and ICO exhibited rapid sorption kinetics (&lt; 10 min) and excellent sorption selectivity. Notably, ICA demonstrated a static sorption capacity of 207 mg Mo/g and a dynamic sorption capacity of 180 mg Mo/g, surpassing most reported adsorbents. Mechanistic studies using XPS, FT-IR, and zeta potential measurement suggest that the sorption of Mo onto both ICA and ICO is primarily governed by electrostatic interactions. Additionally, the sorption mechanism for ICA also includes ion exchange and surface complexation. With Re being the most common non-radioactive substitute for ^99mTc, desorption separation experiments revealed that ICA has a Re elution rate of over 75%, confirming its potential as a promising candidate material in low specific activity ⁹⁹Mo/^99mTc generators.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry","volume":"334 2","pages":"1263 - 1273"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143481156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable synthesis of composite ceramics using in situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction for effective immobilization of Sr-90 and its fission products","authors":"E. K. Papynov,&nbsp;A. A. Belov,&nbsp;O. O. Shichalin,&nbsp;A. P. Zavjalov,&nbsp;I. Yu. Buravlev,&nbsp;A. N. Drankov,&nbsp;S. A. Azon,&nbsp;A. N. Fedorets,&nbsp;A. A. Buravleva,&nbsp;S. B. Yarusova,&nbsp;V. Yu. Mayorov,&nbsp;N. B. Kondrikov,&nbsp;I. G. Tananaev,&nbsp;V. I. Sergienko","doi":"10.1007/s10967-024-09954-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10967-024-09954-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work the method of obtaining composite ceramics based on perovskite and pyrochlore of compositions Y_xZr_xSr_1-3xTiO₃ (x = 0.1, x = 0.2, x = 0.3) and Y₂(Zr_xTi)₂O₇ (x = 1) using the technology of reactive spark plasma sintering has been investigated. A comprehensive study of phase transformations, structure formation and physical and mechanical characteristics of ceramics depending on the ratio of Sr²⁺/Y³⁺/Zr⁴⁺ has been carried out by XRD, SEM, EDS and “diffraction movie” methods at the synchrotron radiation source. High hydrolytic stability of ceramics is proved and the mechanism of low leaching rate of Sr²⁺ &lt; 10^–7 g cm⁻² day, Y³⁺ and Zr⁴⁺ &lt; 10^–5 g cm⁻² day is described, which corresponds to GOST R 50926-96 and ANSI/ANS 16.1. The results of the work are promising for conditioning of radioactive waste and production of radioisotope products.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry","volume":"334 3","pages":"2103 - 2120"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143707192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phosphorous determination in nuclear reactor materials: dysprosium titanate, titanium dioxide and uranium oxide","authors":"Poonam Verma,&nbsp;U. K. Thakur,&nbsp;S. Jeyakumar","doi":"10.1007/s10967-024-09916-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10967-024-09916-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A reliable analytical methodology is developed to determine phosphorus as phosphate in nuclear matrices viz uranium oxide, TiO₂ and dysprosium titanate by spectrophotometric molybdenum blue method. Refractory matrices (TiO₂ and dysprosium titanate) are dissolved employing microwave technique. Calibration is linear in the concentration range from 0.1 to 1.0 ppm of phosphorous with r² better than 0.9989. LOD obtained is 0.03 ppm. Method and instrumental RSD is 1 and 0.3%, respectively at 0.33 ppm level. Recovery of P at 0.33 ppm level is better than 95%. The developed method is validated by comparing results obtained by ion chromatography.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry","volume":"334 3","pages":"2281 - 2289"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10967-024-09916-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143707078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natural and artificial radioactivity levels in the agricultural soil of lands near the Al-Kasak oil refinery, northern Iraq","authors":"Taha Yaseen Wais,&nbsp;Barivan Farooq Namq,&nbsp;Laith Ahmed Najam,&nbsp;Hyam Nazmy Badr Khalaf,&nbsp;Abbasher M. Gismelseed,&nbsp;Howaida Mansour,&nbsp;Mostafa Yuness Abdelfatah Mostafa","doi":"10.1007/s10967-024-09912-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10967-024-09912-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Using a high-purity germanium detector (HPGe), the natural and artificial radioactivity in soil samples taken from agricultural regions near the Al-Kasak oil refinery were examined. According to estimates, the average specific activities of ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, ⁴⁰K, and ¹³⁷Cs were 20, 15, 283, and 3.6 Bq kg⁻¹, respectively. The specific activities of ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th, ⁴⁰K, and ¹³⁷Cs in the soil samples were comparatively lower than the average values of these radionuclides worldwide. The investigation also analyzed several radiological hazard indices. The hazard indices calculated in this study were utilized to assess the potential health risks associated with radiation in the soil. The results indicate that these indices are significantly below their permissible limits. Therefore, the soil in the study area does not pose any excessive radiation exposure to the inhabitants and can be safely used as construction material without presenting an immediate radiological threat to the public.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry","volume":"334 2","pages":"1471 - 1484"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143481269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A practical approach for estimation of thermal neutron self-shielding for quantification of REEs, Th and U in Egyptian monazite sand employing k0-NAA","authors":"Hani M. Hamed,&nbsp;Mohamed Soliman,&nbsp;Fatma S. Abdou,&nbsp;Sheldon Landsberger,&nbsp;A. H. Ali,&nbsp;Y. M. Khawassek,&nbsp;Akram Eldidamony,&nbsp;Abdullah M. Othman","doi":"10.1007/s10967-024-09895-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10967-024-09895-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A practical approach has been developed to estimate the thermal neutron self-shielding correction of Egyptian monazite sand, a primary source of rare earth elements (REEs), thorium (Th) and phosphorus (P) with uranium (U) quantity, consequently, the <i>k</i>₀ Neutron Activation analysis (k_<i>0</i>-NAA) method can be used to accurately quantify the elemental content. Assessment of neutron self-shielding correction was based on the optimization of the mass-specific count rate mathematical relationship by practical treatments including the using of inert diluting substance namely silicon dioxide (SiO₂). It demonstrated that neutron self-shielding underestimated the elements' concentration in the sample by 59.2%. <i>k</i>₀-NAA method detected REEs at 56.48%, Th at 5.67%, U at 0.381%. The approach was evaluated using synthetic monazite and also compared with ICP-MS and theoretical calculations. The overall performance of the method proved to be acceptable.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry","volume":"334 2","pages":"1225 - 1246"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143481268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Highly efficient synergic oxidation leaching of uranium by sodium hypochlorite and potassium permanganate","authors":"Muhammad Yaruq Ali Khan,&nbsp;Xu Zhao,&nbsp;Zhiwu Lei,&nbsp;Yucheng Su,&nbsp;Hongqiang Wang,&nbsp;Eming Hu,&nbsp;Fang Hu,&nbsp;Adil Ejaz,&nbsp;Rida Fatima,&nbsp;Qingliang Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10967-024-09894-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10967-024-09894-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study used oxidative pre-treatment and leaching methods to examine the extraction efficiency of uranium oxide (UO₂) from UO₂ ore. A 4-hour oxidative pre-treatment at 75 °C using a solution of 0.1 g of KMnO₄, 3 mL of NaClO, and 12 mL of water at pH 0.3 was one of the ideal settings. After this treatment, 100 mL of deionized water at room temperature showed a leaching rate of 99.9% after 24 h. The results showed that leaching efficiency was much increased by acidic conditions. These findings providing insights to improve extraction in the uranium industry.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":661,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry","volume":"334 2","pages":"1509 - 1521"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143481221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}