Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics最新文献

{"title":"Structure and optical properties of CdTe thin films obtained via discrete vacuum thermal evaporation","authors":"M. S. Tivanov,&nbsp;V. A. Gevorgyan,&nbsp;A. A. Zgliui,&nbsp;K. P. Haroyan,&nbsp;V. F. Gremenok,&nbsp;D. V. Zhyhulin,&nbsp;M. Dong,&nbsp;M. Khalid Hossain,&nbsp;M. I. Sayyed,&nbsp;T. I. Zubar,&nbsp;D. I. Tishkevich,&nbsp;A. V. Trukhanov","doi":"10.1007/s10854-025-14769-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10854-025-14769-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>CdTe films were obtained via discrete vacuum thermal evaporation (DVTE) with CdCl₂ treatment and annealing in an air atmosphere. The CdTe samples were investigated using several techniques: energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, atomic-force microscopy, grazing incidence X-ray diffraction, and Raman analysis. It has been observed that the samples of CdTe films have a cubic structure with predominant orientation (111), a smooth surface without pores or cracks, and the stoichiometric Cd/Te ratio approaches 1. The band gap width is 1.51 eV, and the Urbach energy is in the range of 13–25 meV, increasing for CdTe thin films synthesized with CdCl₂. It has been shown that films based on CdTe fabricated via DVTE with CdCl₂ treatment and annealing in an air atmosphere at 400 °C predominantly crystallize in the cubic structure of CdTe, have good structural and topographic parameters, are low defectless, have an optimal band gap value, and can be applied as a perspective material for high-efficiency solar cell creation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics","volume":"36 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143856467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-melting and thermal-conducting Sn-Bi-Ag solder enhanced with SnO2 nanoparticles for reliable mini-LED microsystems","authors":"Jiwan Kang,&nbsp;Ashutosh Sharma,&nbsp;Jae Pil Jung","doi":"10.1007/s10854-025-14658-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10854-025-14658-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, low-temperature Sn-57.6wt%Bi-0.4wt%Ag (Sn-Bi-Ag) solder alloy was enhanced with SnO₂ nanoparticles (NPs, 0 to 0.7wt%) using low energy milling and melting process. The developed solders were reflowed to join Cu/Ni pad of 1608 mini-light emitting diode (LED) chips at 238 °C. The morphology, melting temperature, thermal conductivity, and electrical properties of the developed alloys were evaluated. The findings revealed a depression in melting point of Sn-Bi-Ag/SnO₂ solder by 1.1 °C compared to the pristine Sn-Bi-Ag alloy. Microstructural analysis indicated a refinement in the β-Sn and Bi-rich phase in Sn-Bi-Ag alloy after the addition of SnO₂ NPs (≈0.5wt%), accompanied by a decrease in β-Sn area fraction (0.49) with a mild increase in Bi-rich area (0.46). Additionally, the thermal diffusivity and conductivity were significantly enhanced, with the values of 13.2 mm²/s and 14.2 J/K/g all of which outperformed the Sn -Bi -Ag alloy. The electrical resistivity of the developed samples was in the range of 5.0 × 10^–7 to 3 × 10^–7 Ω.cm. To further assess solder joint reliability, the SnO₂ NPs-modified solder was applied to a 1608 mini-LED chip and bonded onto the Cu/Ni pad of a fiber glass reinforced printed circuit board (FR4-PCB). The solder joint characteristics was evaluated by shear strength tests by examining the post fractured joint morphology of the specimens. The shear tests showed an increasing trend with the fraction of SnO₂ NPs in the Sn-Bi-Ag matrix. The shear strength was improved by ≈10–11%, respectively, over Sn-Bi-Ag alloy. The fracture morphology revealed a mixed ductile and brittle fracture at 0.5wt.%SnO₂ NPs in the matrix while brittle fracture dominates at a higher fraction of SnO₂ NPs (0.7wt.%) is added to the matrix alloy. It is inferred from this investigation that an optimum amount of 0.5wt.% is desired for realizing high thermal conductivity, low-melting, and reliable solder joints in future microelectronics mini-LED packaging.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics","volume":"36 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143856468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of dextrose monohydrate capping agent on the magnetic properties of nickel-zinc antimony nanoferrite","authors":"L. W. El Khatib,&nbsp;A. M. Abdallah,&nbsp;M. Noun,&nbsp;Nour El Ghouch,&nbsp;G. O. Younes,&nbsp;R. Awad","doi":"10.1007/s10854-025-14763-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10854-025-14763-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p> Ni_0.6Zn_0.2Sb_0.2Fe₂O₄ capped with different concentrations of dextrose monohydrate (0–0.35 M) was synthesized using the co-precipitation method. The structural properties and the purity of Ni_0.6Zn_0.2Sb_0.2Fe₂O₄ were determined using X-ray powder diffraction. Two phases were obtained, a major phase assuring the formation of Ni_0.6Zn_0.2Sb_0.2Fe₂O₄ and a minor phase indicating the formation of hematite (α-Fe₂O₃). The addition of a capping agent caused an increase in the major phase percentage and a decrease in the minor phase percentage with the D35 sample (0.35 M) having the highest Ni_0.6Zn_0.2Sb_0.2Fe₂O₄ percentage (99.48%) and the lowest hematite percentage (0.52%). The transmission electron microscopy analysis showed that Ni_0.6Zn_0.2Sb_0.2Fe₂O₄ has a spherical shape and a particle size between 15.258 and 16.773 nm. The selected area electron diffraction confirmed the polycrystalline nature of Ni_0.6Zn_0.2Sb_0.2Fe₂O₄ in concentric rings. Energy-dispersive X-ray analysis proved the purity of Ni_0.6Zn_0.2Sb_0.2Fe₂O₄ and the atomic percentage obtained was compatible with the theoretical one. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy tested the oxidation state (Ni²⁺, Zn²⁺, Sb³⁺, Fe³⁺, and O²⁻) and the elemental composition of the synthesized nanoparticles. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed the formation of the spinel structure through the presence of tetrahedral and octahedral metal–oxygen bonds. Raman spectroscopic analysis investigated the presence of two A_1g and two F_2g modes. The increase in particle size accompanied a rise in ferromagnetic phase contribution and a decrease in superparamagnetic phase contribution as investigated by the vibrating sample magnetometer. Moreover, the D20 sample (0.2 M) registered the highest saturation magnetization value of 40.813 emu.g⁻¹.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics","volume":"36 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143856469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced CO gas-sensing using zinc oxide decorated with mixed-valence manganese oxide","authors":"So-Young Bak,&nbsp;Se-Hyeong Lee,&nbsp;Jinwoo Lee,&nbsp;Hyeongrok Jang,&nbsp;Moonsuk Yi","doi":"10.1007/s10854-025-14768-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10854-025-14768-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Carbon monoxide (CO), a colorless and odorless gas commonly found in car exhausts and heating appliances, poses significant health and environmental risks, highlighting the critical importance of developing CO detection sensors. In this study, to enhance CO sensing performance, brush-like hierarchical zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures were prepared by vapor-phase growth and decorated with mixed-valence manganese oxide (MnO_x) nanoparticles synthesized via a solution process. MnO_x exhibits excellent catalytic properties for CO oxidation and effectively enlarges the depletion layer of ZnO by forming heterojunctions. The experiment involved adjusting the pH of the solution to evaluate the CO-sensing performance. Field-emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction were utilized to analyze the morphology, elemental composition, and crystal structure of the samples, respectively. The optical properties were analyzed using ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, and the surface composition and oxidation states were analyzed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The analyses confirmed the brush-like morphology of ZnO decorated with MnO_x nanoparticles and revealed that higher pH values resulted in an increased proportion of Mn²⁺ and larger nanoparticle sizes. ZnO samples decorated with MnO_x demonstrated enhanced selectivity for CO gas over other gases, with the selectivity against NO₂ improving by 582 times at 300 °C and by 58 times at 350 °C compared to the pristine sample. The enhanced CO sensing performance can be attributed to the high surface-area-to-volume ratio of ZnO and the catalytic activity of MnO_x.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics","volume":"36 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143852596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced oxidase activity of platinum decorated graphitic carbon nitride for the colorimetric detection of ascorbic acid","authors":"Priya Singh,&nbsp;Ravi Prakash Ojha,&nbsp;Subhajit Jana,&nbsp;Aniruddha Jaiswal,&nbsp;Rajiv Prakash","doi":"10.1007/s10854-025-14745-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10854-025-14745-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present a sensitive colorimetric sensor based on platinum (Pt) nanoparticle-decorated graphitic carbon nitride (Pt@g-C₃N₄) for the detection of ascorbic acid (AsA) in real samples. Pt@g-C₃N₄ nanocomposites were synthesized through surface reduction of Pt ions on g-C₃N₄ dispersions, with their synthesis confirmed by various characterization techniques. The nanocomposites exhibited enhanced oxidase-like activity, particularly in the oxidation of 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB). Utilizing AsA’s competitive inhibition of the oxidase activity, we developed a colorimetric assay for quantifying AsA in acetate buffer, commercially available tablets, and real samples such as orange and lemon juice. The sensor demonstrated a linear response in the 1–100 μM range, with a limit of detection of 0.28 μM. Additionally, we introduced a paper-based assay for on-site, naked-eye detection of AsA. This work offers a practical and cost-effective approach for monitoring AsA levels in various food and pharmaceutical products, with potential applications in health diagnostics and quality control.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics","volume":"36 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143856465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmentally friendly synthesis of Ag–ZnO nanocomposite-modified graphite electrode for copper ion quantification","authors":"K. Vijayalakshmi,&nbsp;S. Radha,&nbsp;K. Muthumeenakshi","doi":"10.1007/s10854-025-14771-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10854-025-14771-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The proposed work aims at toxic copper ion quantification in aqueous media using nanocomposite biosynthesized by halim seed extract. Here, Ag–zinc oxide (H–Ag–ZnO) nanocomposite was prepared by halim-mediated simple co-precipitation method. The crystallinity, morphology, lattice structure, absorption study, and functional bonds were observed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), ultraviolet (UV)–vis spectroscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The prepared nanosensor was drop casted on a disposable graphite electrode to evaluate its sensing behavior in KCl with ferri/ferrocyanide solution using voltammetry and obtained superior response. The cyclic voltammetry of sensor in ferrocyanide solution showed the oxidation peak in the existence of concentration of Cu²⁺ ions with magnified responses at different scan rates. The differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) results were obtained after preconcentration using chrono deposition at − 400 mV. The optimum peak was attained at a deposition time of 120 s and pH 7.5. The calibration graph from DPV analysis of copper ions yielded a correlation efficient (<i>R</i>²) = 0.99, detection limit (LOD) of 7.47 ppb, and quantification limit (LOQ) of 22.64 ppb with a linear range of 10–100 ppb.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics","volume":"36 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143856627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication and Characterization of Piezoelectric Nanogenerator Based on ZnO and PVP for Harvesting Energy System Applications","authors":"Saba Ejaz,&nbsp;Gul Hassan,&nbsp;Ahmed Shuja","doi":"10.1007/s10854-025-14783-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10854-025-14783-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Self-powered devices are necessary for the growing demand of sustainable energy as well as for portable devices. Numerous techniques and several piezo materials compositions have been investigated for energy harvesting. However, the composition of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) with Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) for Piezoelectric Nanogenerator (PENG) using electrospinning technique has not been investigated for energy harvesting, to-date. In this study, multi solutions of ZnO and PVP were made in Dimethylformamide (DMF), varying the weight of both compositions. The electrospinning technique was used to produce the composite fiber of the solution. The parameters (Voltage, Feed rate, Needle Range, Distance, Time) were optimized. The Taylor cone nano fibers with good form were selected and PENG device have been made. Fabricated Piezoelectric Nanogenerator (PENG) effectively created V_OC of ~ 40–50 V and I_SC of 400 nA, which is promising power for wearable electronics, biosensors, light-up LEDs, and low power Internet of Things (IoT) devices. A voltage in this range is quite high for nanoscale energy harvester, showing good material properties, fabrication, and device design.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics","volume":"36 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143856466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fabrication of uniform submicron metal bump arrays based on undercut sacrificial layer for lift-off process","authors":"Zelei Lai,&nbsp;Zhenyou Zou,&nbsp;Jinyu Ye,&nbsp;Yibin Lin,&nbsp;Xiongtu Zhou,&nbsp;Jie Sun,&nbsp;Tailiang Guo,&nbsp;Chaoxing Wu,&nbsp;Qun Yan,&nbsp;Lei Sun,&nbsp;Yongai Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10854-025-14764-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10854-025-14764-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The fabrication of uniform metal bump arrays with submicron-sized diameters is crucial for achieving Micro-LED displays with ultra-high pixel density. This study presents a fabrication strategy that utilizes an undercut sacrificial layer in the lift-off process to achieve fine-pitched metal bump arrays. The influences of sacrificial layer thickness and developing time on the undercut degree, as well as their effects on the morphology and dimensional consistency of bumps, are investigated. It is observed that increasing the developing time leads to a higher degree of undercut, not only facilitating the lift-off of the sacrificial layer but also resulting in an increased base radius of the metal bumps. By optimizing process parameters, we successfully achieved Au bump arrays with a base radius around 0.99 μm, top radius around 0.3 μm, and a pitch size of 1.4 μm, exhibiting height nonuniformity below 5%. This fabrication strategy for uniform metal bump arrays with ultra-high density will greatly contribute to advancing Micro-LED technology towards high definition and high brightness.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics","volume":"36 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143856464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research progress on negative temperature coefficient thermistors: review","authors":"Zhenlin Song,&nbsp;Zengji Chen,&nbsp;Gang Du,&nbsp;Linling Huang,&nbsp;Jia Yin,&nbsp;Jianfeng Cao,&nbsp;Yiping Guo","doi":"10.1007/s10854-025-14727-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10854-025-14727-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The global negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistor market produces over four billion units annually, with applications spanning industrial manufacturing, aerospace, and household appliances. With the increasing adoption of new energy vehicles and energy storage systems, the demand for reliable temperature control in battery systems has grown significantly. NTC thermistors, renowned for their precision, miniaturization, and rapid response, play a crucial role in maintaining optimal battery temperatures, which contributes to prolonged battery life and enhanced system reliability. Over the past two centuries, various materials have been used to develop NTC thermistors. However, early NTC thermistors often suffered from issues such as a narrow temperature measurement range and poor stability. Therefore, it is necessary to review the effects of different materials, dopants, and manufacturing processes on the electrical properties of NTC thermistors to promote further research and applications. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the characteristics, development history, performance index, and temperature-sensing mechanisms of NTC thermistors. Additionally, it summarizes the current research status and future directions for various types of NTC thermistors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics","volume":"36 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143852616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the physical and super-capacitive nature of PVA/CeO2 nanocomposite","authors":"Veena Rose Mathew,&nbsp;G. Aryadevi,&nbsp;Geethu Joseph,&nbsp;V. S. Sona,&nbsp;R. Santhosh Kumar,&nbsp;Ginson P. Joseph","doi":"10.1007/s10854-025-14753-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10854-025-14753-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The PVA/CeO₂ nanocomposite was prepared via the solution casting method. This work highlights the novelty of PVA/CeO₂ nanocomposites in advancing environmentally friendly and high-performance energy storage technologies. The supercapacitor with specific capacitance modified from 3 F/g to 56 F/g is applicable for moderate energy storage devices in day-to-day life. Along with this, we investigated the physio-thermal properties of the same and concluded that its efficacy is proportionate to the dopant inclusion in the matrix PVA.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":646,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics","volume":"36 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}