Transportation Geotechnics最新文献

{"title":"Compression and breakage properties of glass beads: insights from experimental and DEM simulation","authors":"Shuo Deng ,&nbsp;Minqiang Meng ,&nbsp;Guangyu Liu ,&nbsp;Gengwang Yan ,&nbsp;Shuai Pang ,&nbsp;Zengchun Sun ,&nbsp;Xiang He ,&nbsp;Henghui Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101657","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101657","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The properties of compression and breakage have a significant impact on the strength and deformation of particulate materials, thereby impacting the overall life-cycle stability of engineering projects. This study investigates the compression and breakage properties of glass beads through laboratory tests and numerical simulation, subjected to different terminated vertical stresses varying from 1 MPa up to 96 MPa. The one-dimensional compression test is conducted first. The experimental results indicate that the variations in the stress–strain relationship with particle size cannot be ignored when discussing the compressibility of glass beads. A modified compression model considering the influence of particle size is proposed to describe the connection between void ratio and vertical stress. Three-dimensional expressions are established to describe the correlations among the fractal dimension (or particle breakage), vertical stress, and particle size. Additionally, for further research at the microscopic scale, a numerical simulation model of glass bead assemblies is developed. A set of numerical simulations is executed to investigate the micro properties employing the discrete element method (DEM). The validation of the microscopic parameters for the glass bead specimen model is achieved by comparing them to the results from laboratory one-dimensional compression tests. Crack variation, force chain changes, velocity fields, and displacement fields of the glass beads specimen model are discussed. It provides strong support for investigating the compression and breakage properties of granular soils from the macro- and microscopic scales.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56013,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Geotechnics","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101657"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144771371","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of machine learning in caisson inclination prediction: model performance comparison and interpretability analysis","authors":"Ping He,&nbsp;Zhanlin Cao,&nbsp;Honggui Di,&nbsp;Guangxin Shen,&nbsp;Shunhua Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study combines data denoising techniques with TabPFN (Tabular Prior-data Fitted Network) model to address tilt prediction challenges in ultra-deep caissons. Using the Ligang Water Plant project as a case study, Savitzky-Golay filtering was applied for data denoising, and 611 samples were obtained through stratified sampling. Comparing nine machine learning algorithms, TabPFN demonstrated significant advantages, achieving R² values of 0.994 and 0.992 for east–west and north–south predictions with RMSE values of 10.34 mm and 9.51 mm respectively. Small-sample analysis revealed that TabPFN maintains superior performance with only 10 % training data, significantly outperforming traditional algorithms under data-scarce conditions. Feature dependency analysis identified key factors: sinking depth showed a critical turning point at 30–40 m stratum transition; soil elastic modulus exhibited larger SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) values at higher values; and sinking rate remained stable at lower rates while high-speed sinking led to unpredictable tilt risks. This method avoids complex parameter tuning while demonstrating excellent small-sample learning capability, providing practical technical support for ultra-deep underground structure construction safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56013,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Geotechnics","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101654"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144771366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Centrifuge modeling of ground thaw settlement during metro tunnel construction using AGF method","authors":"Haibing Cai ,&nbsp;Changqiang Pang ,&nbsp;Rongbao Hong ,&nbsp;Zhe Yang ,&nbsp;Mengkai Li","doi":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101655","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101655","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a reinforcement technique developed specifically for water-rich soft ground, the Artificial Ground Freezing (AGF) method has been extensively adopted in metro tunnel construction. However, the thawing of the frozen wall upon tunnel completion induces significant ground settlement, posing adverse environmental impacts. To address this, a centrifugal modeling system for AGF construction was designed based on a metro tunnel horizontal freezing project, and a series of tests were conducted under 30g centrifugal acceleration. This study aims to elucidate the mechanical response mechanisms of both ground and tunnel structures during frozen curtain thawing under in-situ stress conditions. The test results show that the natural thawing time of the frozen wall was approximately 2.11 times longer than the active freezing. And the formation and thawing rates the frozen wall varied substantially across cross-sections, with peak efficiency observed at freezing pipe ends. During thawing, tunnel structures exhibited: increased radial compression, reduced hoop compression, enhanced axial compression. The soil pressure and pore water pressure surged rapidly during initial thawing, accompanied by substantial outward water migration and pronounced ground settlement, and stabilized during later thawing stages. Post-thawing drainage surfaces formed by moisture diffusion is at an approximate 45° angle to the tunnel horizontal axis. The ground surface settlement accelerated initially before stabilizing, and test results demonstrating close agreement with field measurements. The reliability and applicability of centrifugal modeling for investigating the laws and mechanisms of ground thaw settlement are verified.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56013,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Geotechnics","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101655"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144771367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of particle shape on stress-dilatancy and critical state behavior of granular soils: a DEM study","authors":"Chi Zhang ,&nbsp;Tao Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101660","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101660","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Particle shape effect on the shear-dilatancy and critical state behavior of granular soils was investigated through a series of drained triaxial shearing tests utilizing a combined discrete element-finite difference framework. Elongated particles were modelled by 3D clump, and triaxial shearing tests were conducted on eight particle shapes under different initial densities and confining pressures. The results showed that increasing particle size ratio enhanced both maximum and critical state shear strengths due to an intensified interlocking mechanism. Exponential correlations were established between particle size ratio and the peak friction angle, excess friction angle, and dilation angle. Notably, the critical state friction angle and particle size ratio exhibited a robust exponential growth relationship regardless of confining pressure and initial density. A Bolton’s stress-dilatancy equation was examined for all samples, with the equation’s slope maintaining invariance across all tested conditions and particle shapes. Furthermore, microscopic analysis quantified the fabric anisotropy contributions: the fabric anisotropy coefficients, i.e., contact normal and normal contact force, accounted for approximately 80 % of the weight to the macroscopic strength regardless of particle shape. The contribution of contact normal increased, while the normal contact force decreased, with increasing particle size ratio at the critical state.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56013,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Geotechnics","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101660"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144771370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A vector based DEM approach for modelling geogrid in railway ballast layer","authors":"Xuecheng Bian,&nbsp;Jiawei Xu,&nbsp;Junjie Wu,&nbsp;Zelei Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The geogrid stabilization in railway ballast is achieved through the effective interlocking and confinement on ballast particles. This study proposes a vector cementation model (VCM) integrated into the discrete element method (DEM) to analyze the micro-to-macro behavior of ballast-geogrid interlocking, offering fundamental insights into their structural and mechanical properties of geogrid interlocking with ballast particles. Based on this model, the bonding deformation in geogrid is simulated, demonstrating the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed method. The proposed model is first verified with the cantilever beam shear deformation and uniaxial compression tests on concrete. Upon verification of its accuracy, the tensile-compressive and bending deformations of geogrids connected by Timoshenko beams, as well as their influence on the movement of ballast particles, were analyzed in the discrete element method (DEM). It was found that: The vector cementation model can accurately predict the bending and shearing deformation of cantilever beam, with all relative errors below 1%; The proposed model demonstrates the capability to accurately simulate macroscopic mechanical responses, including differential settlement behavior in geogrid-reinforced systems. Furthermore, it elucidates the fundamental stabilization mechanisms of geogrids, thereby offering a new approach for continuum-discrete hybrid modeling framework for geotechnical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56013,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Geotechnics","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101653"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144771388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation on dynamic response of rockfall net fences under irregular block impact","authors":"Junyi He ,&nbsp;Aiguo Xing ,&nbsp;Yufang Zhang ,&nbsp;Kun Yuan ,&nbsp;Jian Cui ,&nbsp;Bo Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101661","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101661","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rockfalls frequently occur in the mountainous area, posing significant risks to public transportation and the safety of people’s lives and property. Rockfall net fences are commonly used to mitigate and prevent rockfall incidents. Through field investigations of blocks within a 100-meter range of rockfall net fences, it is found joint-fractured octahedron takes the majority portion. Numerical model without substitution on ring net is established and validated compared with a conducted full-scale experiment, and dynamic response of rockfall net fence by the octahedral impactors with sphericity values ranging from 0.5 to 0.8 is explored. The results indicated that impactors with sharp shapes produce fewer rings during the impact moment, leading to stress concentration and causing higher stress on rings. It is inferred that design the rockfall protection system with traditional test impactor tend to be more unsafe and may cause localized failure and fence penetration when suffering a sharp block impact even the impact energy is lower than the capacity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56013,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Geotechnics","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101661"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144809984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influential factors on the performance of embankments stabilised on deep-mixed columns","authors":"Sinem Bozkurt,&nbsp;Jelke Dijkstra,&nbsp;Minna Karstunen","doi":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101643","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101643","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The realistic estimation of the hydromechanical response of embankments on soft clay, stabilised with lime-cement columns, relies heavily on the accurate modelling of both <em>in situ</em> clay and the columns of the three-dimensional (3D) problem. This study simulates the 3D effects using a homogenisation technique, while the quantification of the most influential parameters governing the stress–strain response of the stabilised clay is assessed through the Design of Experiments (DOE). The governing mechanisms in relation to the full range of model parameters for various stabilisation ratios and length configurations, including end-bearing and floating columns, are investigated. Subsequently, to reduce the costs originating from the use of lime and cement and the associated anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions, the key relationship between column length, stabilisation ratio and relative stiffness between the clay and columns is explored. The proposed systematic approach enables efficient incorporation of sensitivity studies and reduces computational demand in the design phase, enabling optimisation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56013,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Geotechnics","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101643"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144771365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamic behavior of volcanic ash of Tajogaite (La Palma, Canary Islands, Spain)","authors":"Svetlana Melentijević ,&nbsp;Rubén Ruiz ,&nbsp;Sol López-Andrés ,&nbsp;Maria Eugenia Martín Baanante ,&nbsp;José Estaire","doi":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101644","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101644","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dynamic characterization of soils is essential for the analysis of their dynamic behavior, soil-structure interaction under seismic loading, seismic design of the constructions to be built on them, soil failure and liquefaction analysis under seismic loading, etc. Dynamic laboratory tests are usually performed over reconstituted sandy material, and sometimes over undisturbed sandy specimens. In this paper the performance of a volcanic sandy material in its fresh natural state, without subsequent consolidation and cementation, is studied to determine its strain dependent shear modulus and damping ratio under range of shear strains considering its location in affected seismic areas. In this study, reconstituted samples in their dry state under different initial relative densities and applied vertical pressures are examined by densification tests performed by cyclic direct simple shear test analyzing vertical strains, shear modulus and damping ratios. The highest densification is observed during the application of the first 10 to 100 cycles. In general, the lowest shear modulus values are obtained for low values of applied vertical stress, and a decrease of damping ratio is observed with the increase of the application of cycles. Also, resonant column tests are performed under different effective confining pressures, observing the general trend of degradation of normalized shear modulus and the increase of damping ratio for the increase of shear strains, with the linear initial relation of shear modulus with shear strains in the range of small strains. The comparison of this non-linear dynamic behavior is performed to the usually applied relations for ordinary sandy materials, providing satisfactory adjustment in this case.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56013,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Geotechnics","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101644"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144704436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spatio-temporal prediction of soil hydro-thermal response in embankment to the varying climatic conditions using a Two-Step LSTM-ML approach","authors":"Ni An ,&nbsp;Enze Xie ,&nbsp;Yang Yu ,&nbsp;Yongyong Yang ,&nbsp;Qing Lv ,&nbsp;Shuai Zhang ,&nbsp;Wei Zhan ,&nbsp;Yadong Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101648","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101648","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil hydro-thermal response is vital in the assessment of embankment stability, especially considering the increasing extreme climate events along with global climate change. Machine learning has emerged as a promising approach to estimate soil hydro-thermal dynamics. Current spatio-temporal prediction methods of soil hydro-thermal response faces significant challenges when applied to embankments, including the employment of remote sensing data with large-scale resolution, extensive datasets and high computational costs requested by layered modeling approaches. To address these limitations, this study develops a Two-Step LSTM-ML approach to predict the spatio-temporal variations of soil temperature and volumetric water content in embankments. The method is conducted in two steps: a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) model for the prediction of surface soil hydro-thermal response in step 1 and then combined with machine learning algorithms, e.g., Support Vector Regression (SVR), Random Forest (RF), and Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), to estimate the soil hydro-thermal response at various depths in step 2. The developed approach is trained and validated using measured data from July 6, 2011 to October 7, 2011 at the Héricourt embankment in France. The results demonstrate that the LSTM model effectively captures temporal variations in surface soil temperature and volumetric water content, while spatial mapping using RF and ANN models provides reliable predictions of soil variables at different depths. Additionally, this study examines the effects of different time-step and an iterative computation approach for surface soil variable prediction, further refining the model’s performance. The proposed method offers a robust and efficient framework for predicting soil temperature and volumetric water content in embankments, with potential applications for transportation infrastructure management and climate change adaptation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56013,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Geotechnics","volume":"55 ","pages":"Article 101648"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144721471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Initial Stress Anisotropy on Small-Strain Properties of Fiber-reinforced Calcareous Sand","authors":"Mohammad Hassan Baziar ,&nbsp;Mahdi Delavar ,&nbsp;Yasser Jafarian","doi":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101651","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.trgeo.2025.101651","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research presents the effects of using glass fibers as an eco-friendly additive on the small-strain properties of calcareous sand, commonly found in coastal and land reclamation areas. A series of resonant column tests were conducted on Hormoz calcareous sand, reinforced with randomly distributed glass fibers, under isotropic and anisotropic stress conditions. The results showed that glass fibers increased the small-strain shear modulus. Moreover, with increasing confining pressure, the optimal fiber content decreased from 2% to 1% (by weight). The damping ratio slightly decreased with 2% fiber content but increased with 1%. Overall, both shear modulus and damping ratio were increased with an appropriate amount of glass fiber reinforcement. The results of all tests indicated that initial stress anisotropy increased the shear modulus. However, fiber content and initial stress anisotropy had a negligible effect on the normalized shear modulus. In this study, an empirical relationship was also proposed to estimate the ratio between the maximum shear modulus under anisotropic and isotropic stress conditions. This relationship was validated using a comprehensive laboratory dataset, and it was found to depend only on the initial stress anisotropy and to be independent of confining pressure, fiber content, particle shape, or void ratio.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":56013,"journal":{"name":"Transportation Geotechnics","volume":"54 ","pages":"Article 101651"},"PeriodicalIF":4.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144695292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}