Ageing Research Reviews最新文献

{"title":"Influence of patient characteristics on efficacy and safety of anti-amyloid monoclonal antibodies in Alzheimer’s disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Grace H. Shim ,&nbsp;Edward C.Y. Lau ,&nbsp;Andrew L.H. Huynh ,&nbsp;Christine Y. Lu ,&nbsp;Edwin C.K. Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.arr.2025.102981","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arr.2025.102981","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Lecanemab and donanemab are the first anti-amyloid monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) clinically available as disease-modifying therapies for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, it remains unclear whether their treatment effects differ across demographic, clinical, or genetic subgroups.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This systematic review aimed to explore how patient characteristics modify the efficacy, safety and humanistic outcomes of anti-amyloid mAbs lecanemab and donanemab in patients with early AD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic search of MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library was conducted from database inception to July 30th, 2025, using a combination of keywords and Medical Subject Heading terms relating to lecanemab and donanemab. Meta-analyses were conducted for safety outcomes where sufficient data was available.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Sixteen studies representing six randomised clinical trials (total N = 5633) were included. Both lecanemab and donanemab showed the greatest slowing of cognitive decline in White/Caucasian patients and apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4) non-carriers. Amyloid-related imaging abnormalities with edema/effusion (ARIA-E) and microhemorrhages (ARIA-H) were more prevalent in ApoE4 carriers. The risk of ARIA-E was 2.19 times higher (95 %CI:1.91–2.50) and ARIA-H was 3.45 times higher (95 %CI:1.35–8.72) in ApoE4 carriers versus non-carriers. Statistically significant improvements in health-related quality of life were observed with lecanemab in ApoE4 heterozygous participants and in those aged 65–74 years.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The efficacy and safety of anti-amyloid mAbs in AD may differ based on patients’ demographic and genetic factors. These findings highlight the potential for personalised treatment strategies and inform national drug policies. Further research is needed to evaluate long-term outcomes and address under-studied patient populations.</div></div><div><h3>Summary</h3><div>The efficacy and safety of lecanemab and donanemab varied across patient subgroups, including age, sex, race/ethnicity and genetic factors such as ApoE4 genotype status. The risk of ARIA was higher in ApoE4 carriers, particularly the homozygous.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55545,"journal":{"name":"Ageing Research Reviews","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 102981"},"PeriodicalIF":12.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145694412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effects of eccentric versus traditional resistance training on muscle strength, power, hypertrophy, and functional performance in older adults: A systematic review with multilevel meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","authors":"Helmi Chaabene ,&nbsp;Patrick Müller ,&nbsp;Wissem Dhahbi ,&nbsp;Karsten Königstein ,&nbsp;Marco Taubert ,&nbsp;Adrian Markov ,&nbsp;Nico Lehmann","doi":"10.1016/j.arr.2025.102933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arr.2025.102933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the effects of eccentric resistance training (ERT) versus traditional resistance training (TRT) on muscle strength, power, hypertrophy, and functional capacity in healthy older adults. Eleven randomized-controlled-trials were included. Between-group analysis for strength demonstrated a small but significant effect in favour of ERT over TRT (standardized-mean-difference [SMD]=0.27). No significant differences were found for functional capacity (SMD=0.12), muscle power (SMD=0.20), or hypertrophy (SMD=-0.03). Within-group analyses for ERT indicated large, significant effects for strength (SMD=0.96) and functional capacity (SMD=1.09) with no significant effects for power and hypertrophy. For TRT, large and moderate significant effects were found for functional capacity (SMD=0.94) and strength (SMD=0.59), respectively, with no significant effects for power and hypertrophy. Meta-regression analysis indicated that longer intervention durations were approaching-significance in their association with greater muscle strength gains with ERT than TRT (p = 0.09). With ERT, increasing age was significantly associated with greater muscle power gains (p = 0.04) and more sessions were approaching-significance in their association with hypertrophy (p = 0.08). Regarding TRT, a higher proportion of female participants was approaching-significance in its association with greater functional capacity gains (p = 0.09). In summary, ERT yields slightly greater muscle strength gains than TRT in older adults, while both produced comparable effects on functional capacity, muscle power, and hypertrophy. The two training modalities elicit moderate-to-large within-group improvements in strength and functional capacity but not in power or hypertrophy. ERT outcomes appear to be moderated by training duration, session number, and age, whereas TRT effects relate to female proportion. Overall, both modalities are effective for older adults, with a slight strength advantage for ERT.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55545,"journal":{"name":"Ageing Research Reviews","volume":"113 ","pages":"Article 102933"},"PeriodicalIF":12.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145454300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection and rehabilitation of age-related motor skills impairment: Neurophysiological biomarkers and perspectives","authors":"Susanna Gordleeva ,&nbsp;Nikita Grigorev ,&nbsp;Elena Pitsik ,&nbsp;Semen Kurkin ,&nbsp;Victor Kazantsev ,&nbsp;Alexander Hramov","doi":"10.1016/j.arr.2025.102923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arr.2025.102923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Age-related decline in motor control, manifesting as impaired posture, gait, and slowed movement execution, significantly diminishes the quality of life in older adults. These functional deficits are associated with alterations in neurophysiological data, which are analyzed using advanced techniques including spectral analysis, complexity measures, and functional connectivity network analysis. These methodologies provide valuable insights into the neurobiological mechanisms underpinning age-related motor function impairments, linking physiological changes to non-invasively recorded electrophysiological and hemodynamic responses. Recent investigations have demonstrated an age-dependent impairment in access to working memory during motor tasks, evidenced by significant correlations between electroencephalographic biomarkers and neural response latencies. Furthermore, these functional biomarkers are associated with the degradation of motor learning abilities in older individuals. There is a broad consensus that non-invasive assessment of brain activity accurately reflects the processes underlying age-related motor decline, thereby opening avenues for targeted intervention strategies. A key area of investigation is the utilization of motor system function for the early detection of neurodegenerative diseases. Seemingly, simple motor tasks engage cortical regions responsible for attention, vision, and memory through a process known as sensorimotor integration. Sensorimotor training implemented via brain-computer interfaces with neurofeedback demonstrates potential for ameliorating both cognitive and motor deficits in both healthy older adults and those with age-related conditions. This review synthesizes current research on age-related changes revealed through neuroimaging data analysis, highlighting how biomarkers derived from brain electrical and hemodynamic activity reflect both normative and pathological aging processes. Finally, we emphasize the considerable potential of neurophysiological data analysis for advancing the field of aging research. Digital medicine platforms, including brain-computer interfaces and a range of wearable monitoring devices, hold significant promise for transforming the diagnosis of age-related diseases. These technologies empower continuous, objective monitoring of older adults, paving the way for personalized, precision-based medical interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55545,"journal":{"name":"Ageing Research Reviews","volume":"113 ","pages":"Article 102923"},"PeriodicalIF":12.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145331089","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transforming anti-Alzheimer’s therapy by targeting endogenous receptorrial system through ligand-conjugated nanoformulations","authors":"Madhuri Gawai ,&nbsp;Neha Nistane ,&nbsp;Amol A. Tatode ,&nbsp;Mohammad Qutub ,&nbsp;Milind J. Umekar ,&nbsp;Tanvi Premchandani ,&nbsp;Jayshree B. Taksande","doi":"10.1016/j.arr.2025.102994","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arr.2025.102994","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder, contributing to the majority of dementia cases in the elderly globally. Characterized by progressive cognitive decline, AD is associated with complex neuropathological changes, including the accumulation of amyloid-beta (Aβ) plaques and tau tangles, synaptic loss, and neuroinflammation. One of the significant challenges in treating AD is the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which prevents many therapeutic agents from reaching the brain. Despite advancements in understanding AD's pathology, limited treatment options are available, largely due to the inability of conventional drugs to effectively target the brain. Ligand-conjugated nanoparticles (NPs) are promising for targeted drug delivery to the brain. These NPs, engineered with ligands that can bind to specific receptors or transporters on the BBB, facilitate the crossing of the barrier via receptor-mediated endocytosis or adsorptive-mediated transcytosis. This strategy enhances therapeutic agents' bioavailability and cellular uptake, offering a potential solution to overcome current limitations in AD treatment. Using nanotechnology to design ligand-conjugated NPs for targeted and sustained drug delivery could significantly improve therapeutic outcomes for AD patients by addressing key pathological processes in the brain.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55545,"journal":{"name":"Ageing Research Reviews","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 102994"},"PeriodicalIF":12.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145758636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First unified time-course of Alzheimer’s-like pathology in the intracerebroventricular streptozotocin-rat model: A systematic review","authors":"Karen León-Arcia ,&nbsp;Jesús Andrade-Guerrero ,&nbsp;Humberto Martínez-Orozco ,&nbsp;Marcos M. Villegas-Rojas ,&nbsp;Isaac Pérez-Segura ,&nbsp;Isaac López Ramírez ,&nbsp;Alonso Vilches-Flores ,&nbsp;Magdalena Guerra-Crespo ,&nbsp;Sofía Y. Díaz-Miranda ,&nbsp;Luis O. Soto-Rojas","doi":"10.1016/j.arr.2025.102918","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arr.2025.102918","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This systematic review investigates the timeline of Alzheimer’s disease (AD)-like changes in the intracerebroventricular streptozotocin (ICV-STZ) rat model, a key tool for studying sporadic, non-genetic forms of AD. Following PRISMA guidelines, we analyzed 402 studies to characterize the progression of key pathological features, including cognitive deficits, insulin resistance, neurodegeneration, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, tau pathology, amyloid aggregation, blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction, and alterations in the gut-brain axis. Most studies used young male Wistar rats, revealing a sex and age bias. Results show cognitive impairment beginning within the first 24 h after ICV-STZ administration and persisting beyond 121 days, accompanied by early molecular changes, including disrupted insulin signaling, apoptosis (on day 1), and oxidative stress (on day 7). These events triggered a cascade of neuroinflammation, synaptic loss, tau hyperphosphorylation, amyloid plaque formation/accumulation, and neuronal death that closely resemble human AD. This work provides the first unified time-course of these alterations, confirming the model’s ability to mimic the complexity of AD, while also identifying important gaps, such as its limited use of female and aged rats, underexplored areas like the BBB and gut-brain axis, and specific brain regions that require further investigation. The sporadic AD rat model induced by ICV-STZ serves as a powerful and versatile platform for dissecting the multifactorial nature of AD, identifying early biomarkers, and accelerating the development of targeted and disease-modifying therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55545,"journal":{"name":"Ageing Research Reviews","volume":"113 ","pages":"Article 102918"},"PeriodicalIF":12.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145304914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling Alzheimer’s disease (1901–2025): Historical insights, global burden, biological mechanisms, diagnostics, and therapeutic strategies","authors":"Premkumar Shantilal Baviskar ,&nbsp;Hitendra Shaligram Mahajan","doi":"10.1016/j.arr.2025.102990","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arr.2025.102990","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alzheimer’s disease (AD), first identified by Dr. Alois Alzheimer in 1906, has evolved from a rare presenile dementia to a global health crisis affecting over 58 million people as of 2020, with projections reaching 152 million by 2050. Manuscript offers a comprehensive overview of AD, tracing its historical origins, epidemiological trends, pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnostic advancements, and therapeutic strategies. The pathogenesis of AD is multifactorial, involving amyloid-β plaque accumulation, tau protein hyperphosphorylation, cholinergic deficits, oxidative stress, and metal ion dyshomeostasis. These mechanisms converge to cause progressive neurodegeneration, cognitive decline, and behavioral disturbances. Clinically, AD manifests through a spectrum of neuropsychiatric symptoms, progressing from mild cognitive impairment to severe dementia, with distinct phenotypes and overlapping features with other dementias like DLB and VaD. Diagnostic approaches have advanced from clinical observation to biomarker-based precision, incorporating CSF and plasma tau assays, neuroimaging modalities (MRI, PET, SPECT), and AI-driven models for early detection. Despite these innovations, definitive diagnosis remains challenging due to symptom heterogeneity and overlap with other conditions. Therapeutically, the landscape has shifted from symptomatic treatments (e.g., cholinesterase inhibitors, memantine) to disease-modifying agents. Recent FDA approvals of monoclonal antibodies like Aducanumab, Lecanemab, and Donanemab mark a new era in targeted immunotherapy. However, many candidates targeting amyloid and tau pathways have failed in trials, underscoring the complexity of AD. Emerging drug delivery systems, including nanocarriers and intranasal formulations, aim to overcome the BBB and enhance therapeutic efficacy. The manuscript emphasizes the urgent need for integrative, personalized, and scalable solutions to manage AD’s growing burden.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55545,"journal":{"name":"Ageing Research Reviews","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 102990"},"PeriodicalIF":12.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145746208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AI-driven aging digital twins: A roadmap for clinical translation in precision geriatrics","authors":"Chenchen Li ,&nbsp;Ke Zuo ,&nbsp;Ruijia Duan ,&nbsp;Xiangbin Ouyang ,&nbsp;Yu Zhang ,&nbsp;Liuwang Zeng ,&nbsp;Lite Ge","doi":"10.1016/j.arr.2025.102931","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arr.2025.102931","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aging and related diseases account for ⁓70 % of global mortality with declining physiological homeostasis and cognitive function increasing susceptibility to neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Treatment is hampered by imprecise diagnostics and limited therapeutic options. Precision medicine involving artificial intelligence (AI)-powered Aging Digital Twin (ADT) technology which integrates multi-source heterogeneous data via advanced AI and deep learning has great potential. Virtual doppelgangers enable real-time health monitoring, predictive analytics and personalized interventions to facilitate early disease detection and optimize risk assessment and treatment strategies. Challenges remain and include age-stratified biases in training datasets and variations in data quality for older populations which may limit model generalizability. Critical concerns regarding data privacy, algorithmic transparency and clinical validation of ADT models remain unresolved. The current review examines the transformative potential of AI-enabled ADTs in precision medicine for aging and highlights technical and ethical limitations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55545,"journal":{"name":"Ageing Research Reviews","volume":"113 ","pages":"Article 102931"},"PeriodicalIF":12.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145454237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Frailty and the brain: A narrative review of functional and pathological correlates","authors":"Francesco Sciancalepore ,&nbsp;Simone Salemme ,&nbsp;Martina Valletta ,&nbsp;Marco Toccaceli Blasi ,&nbsp;Giulia Remoli ,&nbsp;Giovanna Zamboni ,&nbsp;Nicola Vanacore ,&nbsp;Marco Canevelli","doi":"10.1016/j.arr.2025.102945","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arr.2025.102945","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Frailty influences the risk, phenotypic expression, and course of highly prevalent neurological conditions. However, the structural, functional, and pathological changes in the brain associated with frailty remain insufficiently explored. This narrative review examines existing evidence on the functional and pathological brain correlates of frailty in both healthy adults and patients with neurological conditions, encompassing findings from neuropathology, fluid biomarkers, neuroimaging, and neurophysiology. Autopsy studies suggest that individuals experiencing frailty may exhibit decreased resistance and resilience to neuropathological changes, along with heightened cognitive vulnerability, even in the presence of low levels of pathology. The accumulation of brain pathology may, in turn, play a role in accelerating frailty progression. Numerous MRI-based studies have shown that frailty is associated with vascular brain damage, mostly consisting of increased white matter hyperintensity volumes, and with reduced gray matter volumes. Additionally, variations in cerebrospinal fluid and plasma biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease pathology have been documented. Furthermore, frailty-related changes in EEG/MEG signals and brain plasticity suggest potential widespread neural dysfunction. Future research is needed to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the neurological correlates of frailty. This exploration should encompass key aspects of aging, such as inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and impaired proteostasis. Gaining a deeper understanding of the relationship between frailty and brain function and pathology could pave the way for discovering novel biomarkers and intervention targets, ultimately impacting the prevention and management of age-related neurological conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55545,"journal":{"name":"Ageing Research Reviews","volume":"113 ","pages":"Article 102945"},"PeriodicalIF":12.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145552189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring biological age: Insights from omics studies","authors":"Eva Kočar ,&nbsp;Robert Šket ,&nbsp;Ana Halužan Vasle ,&nbsp;Gorazd Avguštin ,&nbsp;Evgen Benedik ,&nbsp;Barbara Koroušić Seljak ,&nbsp;Pavle Simić ,&nbsp;Antonio Martinko ,&nbsp;Shawnda A. Morrison ,&nbsp;Maroje Sorić ,&nbsp;Mihaela Skrt ,&nbsp;Tomaž Polak ,&nbsp;Tine Tesovnik ,&nbsp;Barbara Jenko Bizjan ,&nbsp;Jernej Kovač ,&nbsp;Tadej Battelino ,&nbsp;Damjana Rozman ,&nbsp;Nataša Poklar Ulrih ,&nbsp;Bojana Bogovič Matijašić ,&nbsp;Gregor Jurak ,&nbsp;Tadeja Režen","doi":"10.1016/j.arr.2025.102988","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arr.2025.102988","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biological ageing is a systemic, multifactorial process driven by progressive molecular and cellular alterations whose complexity necessitates systems-level approaches. Advances in high-throughput omics technologies now allow simultaneous quantification of millions of biomolecules from a single specimen, enabling longitudinal, integrative profiling across multiple molecular layers. This review synthesizes recent progress in applying genomics, epigenomics, metabolomics and microbiomics to ageing research, highlighting their contributions to biomarker discovery, mechanistic insight, and translational opportunities. Genomic studies reveal genetic variants that promote extreme longevity, while epigenetic clocks provide robust predictors of biological age. The blood proteome can be used to calculate proteome-based scores and evaluate temporal changes in ageing trajectories in an organ- and sex-specific manner. Metabolomic signatures identify key metabolites reflecting ageing trajectories, and microbiome research demonstrates that gut microbial composition mirrors and modulates biological ageing, with microbiome clocks emerging. The omics approaches have further elucidated the impact of exercise and diet providing evidence that interventions can reduce biological age. The integration of multi-omics with clinical and lifestyle data, powered by machine learning and artificial intelligence, is paving the way for a holistic definition of biological age and the development of personalized healthy ageing strategies. This review highlights how the omics technologies and computational modelling are transforming ageing biology into strategies for personalized healthy ageing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55545,"journal":{"name":"Ageing Research Reviews","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 102988"},"PeriodicalIF":12.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145727616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aging, dementia, and care models: Global perspectives with insights from India","authors":"Upasana Mukherjee ,&nbsp;Malcolm Brownell ,&nbsp;P. Hemachandra Reddy","doi":"10.1016/j.arr.2025.102941","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arr.2025.102941","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dementia is an escalating global public health challenge, with India poised to experience one of the largest absolute increases in cases due to rapid demographic aging, lifestyle transitions, and health system constraints. This review critically examines the epidemiology, barriers to diagnosis and care, economic and social impacts, and proposes an integrated dementia care framework for India. While dementia has traditionally been viewed through a social and clinical lens, emerging evidence highlights the biological complexity underlying its onset and progression. The interplay of hallmark mechanisms of aging—including amyloid-β and tau pathology, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and loss of proteostasis—forms the foundation of dementia pathogenesis. Additionally, systemic factors such as metabolic dysregulation, gut–brain axis disruption, and chronic inflammation further amplify neurodegeneration. Sleep deprivation, a modifiable risk factor, accelerates amyloid deposition, brain atrophy, and cognitive decline, while comorbid conditions like diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and depression compound vulnerability. Lifestyle interventions, including physical activity, healthy diet and sleep optimization, alongside novel therapeutic avenues such as psychedelic-assisted interventions, offer promising strategies for prevention and care. Drawing insights from global models, we propose a tiered network of dementia centers in India, integrating mechanistic knowledge with community-based care, early detection, caregiver support, and culturally tailored interventions. Further, it is an opportunity for private Indian Hospitals such as Apollo Research Academy and others to develop Dementia Centers in India. These approaches emphasize the prevention across the life course, equity in access, and sustainability in implementation. A dementia-inclusive strategy for India must align biological insights with policy innovation to mitigate the impending burden and safeguard cognitive health in an aging population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55545,"journal":{"name":"Ageing Research Reviews","volume":"113 ","pages":"Article 102941"},"PeriodicalIF":12.4,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145534143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}