Ageing Research Reviews最新文献

{"title":"An overview of the genes and biomarkers in Alzheimer’s disease","authors":"Hari Krishnan Krishnamurthy ,&nbsp;Vasanth Jayaraman ,&nbsp;Karthik Krishna ,&nbsp;Tianhao Wang ,&nbsp;Kang Bei ,&nbsp;Chithra Changalath ,&nbsp;John J. Rajasekaran","doi":"10.1016/j.arr.2024.102599","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arr.2024.102599","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia and neurodegenerative disease characterized by neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) and amyloid plaque. Familial AD is caused by mutations in the <em>APP, PSEN1</em>, and <em>PSEN2</em> genes and these mutations result in the early onset of the disease. Sporadic AD usually affects older adults over the age of 65 years and is, therefore classified as late-onset AD (LOAD). Several risk factors associated with LOAD including the <em>APOE</em> gene have been identified. Moreover, GWAS studies have identified a wide array of genes and polymorphisms that are associated with LOAD risk. Currently, the diagnosis of AD involves the evaluation of memory and personality changes, cognitive impairment, and medical and family history to rule out other diseases. Laboratory tests to assess the biomarkers in the body fluids as well as MRI, CT, and PET scans to analyze the presence of plaques and NFTs are also included in the diagnosis of AD. It is important to diagnose AD before the onset of clinical symptoms, i.e. during the preclinical stage, to delay the progression and for better management of the disease. Research has been conducted to identify biomarkers of AD in the CSF, serum, saliva, and urine during the preclinical stage. Current research has identified several biomarkers and potential biomarkers in the body fluids that enhance diagnostic accuracy. Aside from genetics, other factors such as diet, physical activity, and lifestyle factors may influence the risk of developing AD. Clinical trials are underway to find potential biomarkers, diagnostic measures, and treatments for AD mainly in the preclinical stage. This review provides an overview of the genes and biomarkers of AD.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55545,"journal":{"name":"Ageing Research Reviews","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 102599"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142756015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeted microbiota dysbiosis repair: An important approach to health management after spinal cord injury","authors":"Cheng Ju ,&nbsp;Renfeng Liu ,&nbsp;Yanming Ma ,&nbsp;Hui Dong ,&nbsp;Ruiqing Xu ,&nbsp;Huimin Hu ,&nbsp;Dingjun Hao","doi":"10.1016/j.arr.2024.102648","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arr.2024.102648","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Current research primarily focuses on the pathological mechanisms of spinal cord injury (SCI), seeking to promote spinal cord repair and restore motorial and sensory functions by elucidating mechanisms of cell death or axonal regeneration. However, SCI is almost irreversible, and patients often struggle to regain mobility or self-care abilities after injuries. Consequently, there has been significant interest in modulating systemic symptoms following SCI to improve patients' quality of life. Neuron axonal disconnection and substantial apoptotic events following SCI result in signal transmission loss, profoundly impacting various organ and systems, including the gastrointestinal tract. Dysbiosis can lead to severe bowel dysfunction in patients, substantially lowering their quality of life and significantly reducing life expectancy of them. Therefore, researches focusing on the restoration of the gut microbiota hold promise for potential therapeutic strategies aimed at rehabilitation after SCI. In this paper, we explore the regulatory roles that dietary fiber, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), probiotics, and microbiota transplantation play in patients with SCI, summarize the potential mechanisms of post-SCI dysbiosis, and discuss possible strategies to enhance long-term survival of SCI patients. We aim to provide potential insights for future research aimed at ameliorating dysbiosis in SCI patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55545,"journal":{"name":"Ageing Research Reviews","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 102648"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142901070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role and mechanism of triptolide, a potential new DMARD, in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis","authors":"Xiwen Wang,&nbsp;Tianyang Ni,&nbsp;Jianru Miao,&nbsp;Xinyao Huang,&nbsp;Zhe Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.arr.2024.102643","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arr.2024.102643","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Triptolide (TP) is the primary pharmacological component of Tripterygium Glycosides (TG), which has anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and immunosuppressive properties, among other pharmacological actions, and has excellent potential for developing into a new DMARD. We have reviewed the effects and mechanisms of TP on immunosuppression, inhibiting synovial proliferation, and preventing articular bone destruction in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which is a common disease in the elderly in this paper. We have found that TP has regulatory effects on multiple vital cells in the above-mentioned pathological process of RA, such as monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells, T cells, fibroblast-like synoviocytes, and osteoclasts. We also found that TP can regulate multiple key signaling pathways such as NF-κB, JAK/STAT, and MAPK through various molecular regulatory mechanisms, achieving regulatory effects on numerous phenotypes of the above-mentioned vital cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55545,"journal":{"name":"Ageing Research Reviews","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 102643"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142901071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The immunosenescence clock: A new method for evaluating biological age and predicting mortality risk","authors":"Shuyu Li ,&nbsp;Ke Wang ,&nbsp;Jingni Wu ,&nbsp;Yongliang Zhu","doi":"10.1016/j.arr.2024.102653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arr.2024.102653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Precisely assessing an individual's immune age is critical for developing targeted aging interventions. Although traditional methods for evaluating biological age, such as the use of cellular senescence markers and physiological indicators, have been widely applied, these methods inherently struggle to capture the full complexity of biological aging. We propose the concept of an 'immunosenescence clock' that evaluates immune system changes on the basis of changes in immune cell abundance and omics data (including transcriptome and proteome data), providing a complementary indicator for understanding age-related physiological transformations. Rather than claiming to definitively measure biological age, this approach can be divided into a biological age prediction clock and a mortality prediction clock. The main function of the biological age prediction clock is to reflect the physiological state through the transcriptome data of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), whereas the mortality prediction clock emphasizes the ability to identify people at high risk of mortality and disease. We hereby present nearly all of the immunosenescence clocks developed to date, as well as their functional differences. Critically, we explicitly acknowledge that no single diagnostic test can exhaustively capture the intricate changes associated with biological aging. Furthermore, as these biological functions are based on the acceleration or delay of immunosenescence, we also summarize the factors that accelerate immunosenescence and the methods for delaying it. A deep understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of immunosenescence can help establish more accurate immune-age models, providing support for personalized longevity interventions and improving quality of life in old age.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55545,"journal":{"name":"Ageing Research Reviews","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 102653"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142923869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Roles of SIRT3 in cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases","authors":"Yu Cheng ,&nbsp;Anqi Zhao ,&nbsp;Ying Li ,&nbsp;Cheng Li ,&nbsp;Xiao Miao ,&nbsp;Wanshan Yang ,&nbsp;Yonggang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.arr.2024.102654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arr.2024.102654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) in mitochondria has nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent protein deacetylase activity. As such, SIRT3 is crucial in cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Advanced proteomics and transcriptomics studies have revealed that SIRT3 expression becomes altered when the heart or brain is affected by external stimuli or disease, such as diabetic cardiomyopathy, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, and Parkinson's disease. More specifically, SIRT3 participates in the development of these disorders through its deacetylase activity and in combination with downstream signaling pathways. The paper reviews SIRT3’s expression changes, roles, and mechanisms associated with the development of cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Additionally, strategies targeting SIRT3 to treat or regulate cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disease development are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55545,"journal":{"name":"Ageing Research Reviews","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 102654"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142928260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond the Hayflick limit: How microbes influence cellular aging","authors":"Mohammad Abavisani ,&nbsp;Saba Faraji ,&nbsp;Negar Ebadpour ,&nbsp;Sercan Karav ,&nbsp;Amirhossein Sahebkar","doi":"10.1016/j.arr.2025.102657","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arr.2025.102657","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cellular senescence, a complex biological process resulting in permanent cell-cycle arrest, is central to aging and age-related diseases. A key concept in understanding cellular senescence is the Hayflick Limit, which refers to the limited capacity of normal human cells to divide, after which they become senescent. Senescent cells (SC) accumulate with age, releasing pro-inflammatory and tissue-remodeling factors collectively known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The causes of senescence are multifaceted, including telomere attrition, oxidative stress, and genotoxic damage, and they extend to influences from microbial sources. Research increasingly emphasizes the role of the microbiome, especially gut microbiota (GM), in modulating host senescence processes. Beneficial microbial metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), support host health by maintaining antioxidant defenses and reducing inflammation, potentially mitigating senescence onset. Conversely, pathogenic bacteria like <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> and <em>Helicobacter pylori</em> introduce factors that damage host DNA or increase ROS, accelerating senescence via pathways such as NF-κB and p53-p21. This review explores the impact of bacterial factors on cellular senescence, highlighting the role of specific bacterial toxins in promoting senescence. Additionally, it discusses how dysbiosis and the loss of beneficial microbial species further contribute to age-related cellular deterioration. Modulating the gut microbiome to delay cellular senescence opens a path toward targeted anti-aging strategies. This work underscores the need for deeper investigation into microbial influence on aging, supporting innovative interventions to manage and potentially reverse cellular senescence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55545,"journal":{"name":"Ageing Research Reviews","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 102657"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142960202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Twelve weeks of exercise training improves cognitive status, physical performance and quality of life in Alzheimer's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Cauã Viana Fernandes de Sá Leitão ,&nbsp;Bernardo de Faria Moraes ,&nbsp;Gabriel André Pedral Diniz Leite ,&nbsp;Amanda Gonçalves Duarte ,&nbsp;Marcos Vinícius Gonçalves da Silva ,&nbsp;Gabriel Moraes de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Fernando Augusto Barcelos Andrade ,&nbsp;Jair Antônio Bessa da Silva ,&nbsp;Renata Campos Correa dos Santos ,&nbsp;Gustavo Soares Figueiredo ,&nbsp;Helton Oliveira Campos ,&nbsp;Laura Hora Rios Leite ,&nbsp;Lucas Rios Drummond ,&nbsp;Cândido Celso Coimbra","doi":"10.1016/j.arr.2025.102655","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arr.2025.102655","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder in which there is slow and gradual impairment of mental function. Considering the increase in cases due to population aging, the potential benefits of physical training in AD are of great importance and need further elucidation. This study aims to identify the impact of physical training on crucial aspects of AD such as cognitive status, physical performances, quality of life and activities of daily living. The bibliographic research was conducted according to the guidelines outlined in PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis). After the selection process, 26 studies were included in the systematic review and meta-analysis. Physical training for up to 12 weeks had a moderate effect on the cognitive status (SMD: 0.34; 95 % CI: 0.07–0.61; p = 0.016), the physical performance (SMD: 0.75; 95 % CI: 0.43–1.06; p = 0.000) and the quality of life (SMD: 0.40; 95 % CI: 0.17–0.63; p = 0.567) of patients with AD, but did not affect their daily living activities (SMD: −0.10; 95 % CI: −0.31–0.12; p = 0.621). Physical training lasting from 16 to 24 weeks had a moderate effect only on the physical performance (SMD: 0.51; 95 % CI: 0.23–0.79; p = 0.000) of patients. Physical training for up to 12 weeks already leads to gains on the cognition, the physical performance and the quality of life of individuals with AD. Beyond the available evidence on health promotion resulting from physical training, guidelines should be established to define ideal training loads for patients with AD. Specific practical recommendations concerning the types, frequency, intensity or duration of physical exercise that may be the most efficient for ameliorating cognition, physical performance and quality of life of individuals with AD are still unclear.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55545,"journal":{"name":"Ageing Research Reviews","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 102655"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142973706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medication reviews in hospitalised patients for reduced hospital readmission and mortality. Systematic review, meta-analysis and meta-regression of RCTs","authors":"Miriam Degen ,&nbsp;Li-Ju Chen ,&nbsp;Ben Schöttker","doi":"10.1016/j.arr.2025.102661","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arr.2025.102661","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Efforts to reduce preventable medication-related harm through medication reviews have increased, but interventions often yield null-results regarding clinical outcomes. We conducted a systematic literature search in four data bases and summarised the available evidence from randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing medication reviews and usual care in hospitalised patients regarding hospital readmissions and all-cause mortality by random-effects meta-analyses. Effect size differences by methodological study differences were of special interest. The meta-analysis of all 24 trials on hospital readmissions, including 12,539 participants, showed a statistically significant 8 % decrease in hospital readmissions (risk ratio (RR) [95 % confidence interval]: (0.92 [0.88–0.97], p = 0.002). The number of patient contacts was the most prominent effect modifier in meta-regression (p = 0.003) and the effect of medication reviews was approximately twice as strong (15 %) in 11 trials with 2 or more patient contacts (0.85 [0.78–0.92], p &lt; 0.001). No statistically significant reduction in all-cause mortality was observed in a meta-analysis of all 22 trials with data for this outcome (0.95 [0.86–1.04], p = 0.24), including 12,350 participants. The method of mortality assessment was identified as an effect modifier by meta-regression (p = 0.01). A meta-analysis of 10 trials with complete mortality ascertainment via registries or primary care data showed a significantly 19 % reduced mortality (0.81 [0.70–0.94], p &lt; 0.01). In conclusion, medication reviews reduce the risk of hospital readmission and might also reduce all-cause mortality. Comprehensive mortality assessment was essential for successful trials. Clinical guidelines should recommend medication reviews with multiple patient contacts, involving pharmacists, either for repeated medication reviews or to improve adherence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55545,"journal":{"name":"Ageing Research Reviews","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 102661"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142980979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extracellular vesicle-packed microRNAs profiling in Alzheimer’s disease: The molecular intermediary between pathology and diagnosis","authors":"Sandila Arif ,&nbsp;Talal Jamil Qazi ,&nbsp;Zhenzhen Quan ,&nbsp;Junjun Ni ,&nbsp;Zhaohan Li ,&nbsp;Yunjie Qiu ,&nbsp;Hong Qing","doi":"10.1016/j.arr.2024.102614","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arr.2024.102614","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>MicroRNAs (miRNAs), referring to a type of non-coding RNAs functioning in various biological processes, participate in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) through increasing amyloid-beta (Aβ) production, enhancing Tau phosphorylation, and inducing neuroinflammation. Meanwhile, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been suggested as promising carriers of AD biomarkers as they possess the ability to transmit information from cerebral tissue to peripheral blood. Inspired by the above findings, we in this review systematically generalized the roles of miRNAs in AD and explored the potential of EV-packed miRNA as biomarkers for early diagnosis of AD. Through the detailed investigation, this review may highlight the promise of EV-packed miRNAs in advancing our understanding of AD, and underscore the imperative needs of further studies on their diagnostic potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55545,"journal":{"name":"Ageing Research Reviews","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 102614"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142775541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Glia–glia crosstalk via semaphorins: Emerging implications in neurodegeneration","authors":"Claudia Palazzo ,&nbsp;Sofia Nutarelli ,&nbsp;Roberta Mastrantonio ,&nbsp;Luca Tamagnone ,&nbsp;Maria Teresa Viscomi","doi":"10.1016/j.arr.2024.102618","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.arr.2024.102618","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The central nervous system (CNS) is wired by a complex network of integrated glial and neuronal signals, which is critical for its development and homeostasis. In this context, glia-glia communication is a complex and dynamic process that is essential for ensuring optimal CNS function. Semaphorins, which include secreted and transmembrane molecules, and their receptors, mainly found in the plexin and neuropilin families, are expressed in a wide range of cell types, including glia. In the CNS, semaphorin signalling is involved in a spectrum of processes, including neurogenesis, neuronal migration and wiring, and glial cell recruitment. Recently, semaphorins and plexins have attracted intense research aimed at elucidating their roles in instructing glial cell behavior during development or in response to inflammatory stimuli. In this review, we provide an overview of the multifaceted role of semaphorins in glia–glia communication, highlighting recent discoveries about semaphoring-dependent regulation of glia functions in healthy conditions. We also discuss the mechanisms of glia<img>glia crosstalk mediated by semaphorins under pathological conditions, and how these interactions may provide potential avenues for therapeutic intervention in neuroinflammation-mediated neurodegeneration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":55545,"journal":{"name":"Ageing Research Reviews","volume":"104 ","pages":"Article 102618"},"PeriodicalIF":12.5,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142787642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}