International Journal of Human-Computer Studies最新文献

{"title":"Revitalizing wellbeing: App design for stress reduction through artificial intelligence and persuasive technology","authors":"Joseph Orji,&nbsp;Gerry Chan,&nbsp;Rita Orji","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2025.103600","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2025.103600","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Digital health technologies, particularly mobile health (mHealth) applications have been shown to address various needs, such as stress management and the promotion of positive health habits. In this research, we designed, developed, and evaluated an mHealth application called “SmileApp” to promote positive emotions as a means of addressing stress. <em>SmileApp</em> utilizes the advantages of artificial intelligence and persuasive technology and was created by incorporating well-established psychological theories and models. To evaluate the effectiveness of <em>SmileApp</em>, we conducted a 14-day within-subject study involving 101 participants in-the-wild. This is followed by an interview with 23 participants. Our results show that <em>SmileApp</em> can promote positive emotions using artificial intelligence and persuasive technology. Our findings underscore the importance of utilizing technology to support emotional wellbeing and lay the groundwork for further research and development in this area. The implications of this study demonstrate a paradigm shift in mHealth app design by introducing a new approach of promoting desired behaviors by encouraging users to read persuasive messages and play mobile games using their smile.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54955,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 103600"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144886361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An experimental study on embodiment forms and interaction modes in affective robots for anxiety relief and emotional connection","authors":"Jun Zhang ,&nbsp;Yunlu Ding ,&nbsp;Hualin Zhang ,&nbsp;Shengming Zhang ,&nbsp;Xuetao Wei ,&nbsp;Qingchuan Li ,&nbsp;Jiaxin Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2025.103584","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2025.103584","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Affective robots can elicit psychological responses such as attachment and intimacy, which may help alleviate anxiety and enrich users’ emotional experiences. While such robots can take the form of agents (controlled by algorithms) or avatars (controlled by humans or animals), the differential effects of these embodiment forms on users’ emotional responses remain underexplored, particularly in scenarios where avatars are controlled by animals. In this study, we conducted a Wizard of Oz experiment to compare the emotional experience and anxiety relief provided by a robotic cat under different embodiment forms and interaction modes (unidirectional vs. bidirectional). The results indicate that the avatar embodiment significantly enhances users’ affective experiences, fostering stronger emotional bonds and more effective anxiety relief. However, no significant differences were found between the interaction modes with respect to either anxiety relief or emotional outcomes. These findings offer valuable insights for the design of emotionally engaging embodied intelligent systems in contexts such as emotional companionship and mental health interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54955,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 103584"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144809908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Operationalizing selective transparency using progressive disclosure in artificial intelligence clinical diagnosis systems","authors":"Deepa Muralidhar ,&nbsp;Rafik Belloum ,&nbsp;Ashwin Ashok","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2025.103591","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2025.103591","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Explainable AI (XAI) is critical for clinical decision support systems (AI-CDSS) in healthcare, but current approaches often neglect the usability of explanations from a human–computer interaction (HCI) perspective. We investigate progressive disclosure as a strategy for selective transparency to provide effective explanations without overwhelming users. This paper presents a user-centered design of AI-CDSS interface prototypes that incorporate interactive explanation features (e.g., keyword highlighting of medical terms and interactive causal diagrams) and empathy-oriented nudges (e.g., supportive prompts and icons). We evaluated these prototypes through interviews with medical professionals and students, followed by a user study with general users, to assess their impact on understanding, trust, and satisfaction. Our findings suggest that progressive, on-demand disclosure of explanation details may help users manage information load and better follow the AI’s reasoning process. While several interface features were well received, some elements such as affective cues like emojis elicited skepticism, particularly in clinical contexts, which underscores the importance of context-sensitive design choices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54955,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 103591"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144878972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying collaborative strategies and identifying performance breakdowns of UAV C2 teams using multidimensional cross-recurrence quantification analysis","authors":"Jad Atweh ,&nbsp;Sara Riggs","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2025.103593","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2025.103593","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We analyzed eye tracking data of pairs of participants using Multidimensional Cross-Recurrence Quantification Analysis (MdCRQA) metrics, a set of nine metrics that quantify the dynamic relationship between two time series over time. Eye tracking data was collected from twenty-six pairs of participants working together on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) command-and-control (C2) tasks where workload increases from low to high. The findings through MdCRQA showed that when workload increased, pairs tend to exhibit more rapid transitions and frequent individual shifts in focus between different Areas of Interest (AOIs). Significant reductions were observed in several MdCRQA metrics, including Average Diagonal Line Length (L), Maximum Diagonal Line Length (MaxL), and Diagonal Line Entropy (EntrL), indicating a shift towards more efficient division of labor and more predictable shared attention patterns. Correlation analyses between the MdCRQA metrics and performance measures revealed that higher values of the aforementioned metrics in high workload conditions were associated with improved response times, suggesting that effective visual coordination is critical for task efficiency under increased workload. The findings here suggest that MdCRQA can provide a subset of metrics that: (a) are sensitive to workload changes, (b) can be indicators of performance breakdowns, and (c) can quantify how teammates collaborate and adapt to workload increases in UAV C2 operations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54955,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","volume":"204 ","pages":"Article 103593"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144878971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring understandability of intelligent systems: Scale development and validation across three domains","authors":"Youyu Sheng ,&nbsp;Yaoqin Gu ,&nbsp;Jianqin Cao ,&nbsp;Yuhan Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaoyu Wang ,&nbsp;Jiani Chen ,&nbsp;Xianghong Sun ,&nbsp;Jingyu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2025.103592","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2025.103592","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While modern intelligent systems using black-box algorithms have proved their usefulness in many areas, whether the systems’ decisions and intentions can be fully understood by human users is still a critical question. However, the measurement of system understandability is lacking, and it undermines the development of this direction. To fill in such a gap, we conducted three studies to construct a scale to measure the understandability in three intelligent systems. In Study 1, we developed the original scale items through document analysis and expert interviews. In Study 2, we exposed 307 participants to autonomous vehicle systems which provided different amounts of information in simulated takeover scenarios. The participants’ responses towards these systems were collected using the developed scale. Exploratory factors analysis found 4 factors (Explanation Comprehensiveness, Trustworthiness Calibration, Cognitive Accessibility, and Explanation Necessity), and they had significant correlation with important attitudinal behavioral outcomes including trust, usage intention, and satisfaction. In Study 3, we further validated the structural and criterion-related validity of the scale using a new sample of 347 participants interacting with medical and financial decision support systems. The results indicate that the developed scale is a reliable and effective tool for assessing understandability in different intelligent systems, with potential to significantly enhance the design of intelligent systems to be more user-friendly and comprehensible.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54955,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 103592"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144781002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Between immersion and usability: A comparative study of 2D and mixed reality interfaces for remote music making","authors":"Alberto Boem,&nbsp;Matteo Tomasetti,&nbsp;Luca Turchet","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2025.103586","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2025.103586","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Networked Music Performance (NMP) systems have traditionally focused on optimizing audio transmission for remote collaboration, often relying on basic 2D video feeds that lack the spatial awareness and visual cues essential for coordinated musical performance. While Mixed Reality (MR) technology offers promising enhancements for musical collaboration, its integration into NMP systems remains understudied—particularly regarding the balance between immersion and usability. This study addresses that gap by comparing traditional 2D video conferencing setups with MR environments featuring point cloud representations and spatial audio. Using a simulation-based approach with pre-recorded stimuli, we conducted an experimental study with professional electric guitar players (N = 16) to examine how both setups affect musical performance, movement, and sense of presence, combining quantitative motion analysis with qualitative feedback. Head movement analysis revealed significantly reduced motion in MR compared to 2D conditions (p <span><math><mo>&lt;</mo></math></span> 0.001), while detrended fluctuation analysis indicated more structured movement patterns in MR (p <span><math><mo>&lt;</mo></math></span> 0.01). Post-task evaluations showed that although MR enhanced immersion and presence (p <span><math><mo>&lt;</mo></math></span> 0.001), participants reported greater performance coherence and fewer technical interferences in the 2D condition (p <span><math><mo>&lt;</mo></math></span> 0.001). Spatial audio had minimal impact on user experience, with visual elements drawing most of the participants’ attention. These findings underscore a fundamental tension between immersion and physical expressiveness in MR-based music performance, suggesting that future systems should prioritize ergonomics alongside technological innovation. This research contributes to a deeper understanding of the potential and limitations of MR in musical collaboration within the emerging Musical Metaverse.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54955,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 103586"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144827345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating with haptic gloves: Investigating strategies for horizontal and vertical movement guidance","authors":"Mahdis Tajdari ,&nbsp;Jason Forsyth ,&nbsp;Sol Lim","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2025.103582","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2025.103582","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Navigating peripersonal space requires reaching targets in both horizontal (e.g., desk) and vertical (e.g., shelves) layouts with high precision. We developed a haptic glove to aid peripersonal target navigation and investigated the effectiveness of different feedback delivery methods. Twenty-two participants completed target navigation tasks under various conditions, including <em>scene layout</em> (horizontal or vertical), <em>guidance approach</em> (two-tactor or worst-axis first), <em>guidance metaphor</em> (push or pull), and <em>intensity mode</em> (linear or zone) for conveying distance cues. Task completion time, hand trajectory distance, and percentage of hand trajectory in critical area were measured as the performance outcome, along with subjective feedback. Participants achieved significantly faster task completion times and covered less hand trajectory distance in the horizontal layout, worst-axis first approach, and pull metaphor conditions. Additionally, male participants demonstrated superior performance and reported lower levels of frustration compared to their female counterparts throughout the study. Intensity mode had no significant effect on the results. In summary, vibrating one tactor at a time (worst-axis first) and using the pull metaphor were the most effective way of delivering vibrotactile feedback for peripersonal target navigation in both horizontal and vertical settings. Findings from this work can guide future developments of haptic gloves for people with vision impairments, environments with vision limitations, and for accessibility and rehabilitation applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54955,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 103582"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144781004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Foraging in multi-list recommender interfaces: the effects of digital nudges and aging","authors":"Radosław Nielek ,&nbsp;Klara Rydzewska ,&nbsp;Grzegorz Sędek ,&nbsp;Adam Wierzbicki","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2025.103588","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2025.103588","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>User interfaces composed of multiple carousels (Multi-List Recommender Interfaces, MLRIs) are today’s standard for recommender systems used in e-commerce and streaming or music platforms. User behavior in such systems can be compared to foraging, a research paradigm used in the natural sciences and psychology. Research on foraging points out several hypotheses that can apply to MLRI users. Results from the psychology of aging point out possible limitations of older adults in the use of MLRIs. We verify this hypothesis in an experiment that measures users’ objective performance (<em>N</em> = 441). The experiment results confirm that older users are less effective in a task of searching for products in a MLRI interface. We propose an improvement of the carousel interface through a digital nudge that aims to prompt a user to leave a carousel that does not contain items matching the user’s preferences, and switch to another carousel. Our experimental results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed digital nudge in increasing the performance of both older and younger users.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54955,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 103588"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144781003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Designing and investigating mobile phone activities for remote interpersonal motor synchronization","authors":"Michal Rinott ,&nbsp;Lior Shaposhnikov ,&nbsp;Noam Tractinsky","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2025.103583","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2025.103583","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Research on the time-based alignment of people’s movement - interpersonal motor synchrony (IMS) - shows that engaging in synchronous movement with another person increases prosocial attitudes such as empathy and willingness to help. We present exploratory research concerning IMS over a distance through interactive interfaces. A mobile phone-based platform with two simple remote IMS (rIMS) activities was designed, developed, and tested with pairs of remote participants in real-world conditions. One activity required remote participants to tap in synchrony by finding a shared tempo, and the second required them to take turns spinning an animated wheel by swiping in counter-phase synchrony. A user study in a realistic setting found that even minimalistic smartphone applications can be used to induce successful rIMS, that the level of synchronization achieved is associated with improvements in interpersonal measures, and that network delays adversely affect rIMS. We discuss the use of feedback and constraints in rIMS designs. The results of this exploratory system forge a path towards simple IMS activities integrated into daily mobile phone usage, benefiting people’s connection from afar. Possible applications and integration of rIMS into more complex remote interactions are suggested.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54955,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 103583"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144828925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"De-centering the (Traditional) user: Multistakeholder evaluation of recommender systems","authors":"Robin Burke ,&nbsp;Gediminas Adomavicius ,&nbsp;Toine Bogers ,&nbsp;Tommaso Di Noia ,&nbsp;Dominik Kowald ,&nbsp;Julia Neidhardt ,&nbsp;Özlem Özgöbek ,&nbsp;Maria Soledad Pera ,&nbsp;Nava Tintarev ,&nbsp;Jürgen Ziegler","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2025.103560","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2025.103560","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Multistakeholder recommender systems are those that account for the impacts and preferences of multiple groups of individuals, not just the end users receiving recommendations. Due to their complexity, these systems cannot be evaluated strictly by the overall utility of a single stakeholder, as is often the case of more mainstream recommender system applications. In this article, we focus our discussion on the challenges of multistakeholder evaluation of recommender systems. We bring attention to the different aspects involved—from the range of stakeholders involved (including but not limited to providers and consumers) to the values and specific goals of each relevant stakeholder. We discuss how to move from theoretical principles to practical implementation, providing specific use case examples. Finally, we outline open research directions for the RecSys community to explore. We aim to provide guidance to researchers and practitioners about incorporating these complex and domain-dependent issues of evaluation in the course of designing, developing, and researching applications with multistakeholder aspects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54955,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","volume":"203 ","pages":"Article 103560"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144711748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}