{"title":"Traceable teleportation: Improving spatial learning in virtual locomotion","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2024.103399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2024.103399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In virtual reality, point-and-teleport (P&T) is a locomotion technique that is popular for its user-friendliness, lowering workload and mitigating cybersickness. However, most P&T schemes use instantaneous transitions, which has been known to hinder spatial learning. While replacing instantaneous transitions with animated interpolations can address this issue, they may inadvertently induce cybersickness. To counter these deficiencies, we propose <em><strong>Traceable Teleportation (TTP)</strong></em>, an enhanced locomotion technique grounded in a theoretical framework that was designed to improve spatial learning. <em>TTP</em> incorporates two novel features: an <em>Undo-Redo</em> mechanism that facilitates rapid back-and-forth movements, and a <em>Visualized Path</em> that offers additional visual cues. We have conducted a user study via a set of spatial learning tests within a virtual labyrinth to assess the effect of these enhancements on the P&T technique. Our findings indicate that the <em>TTP Undo-Redo</em> design generally facilitates the learning of orientational spatial knowledge without incurring additional cybersickness or diminishing sense of presence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54955,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142593503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"AniBalloons: Animated chat balloons as affective augmentation for social messaging and chatbot interaction","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2024.103365","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2024.103365","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite being prominent and ubiquitous, message-based communication is limited in nonverbally conveying emotions. Besides emoticons or stickers, messaging users continue seeking richer options for affective communication. Recent research explored using chat-balloons’ shape and color to communicate emotional states. However, little work explored whether and how chat-balloon animations could be designed to convey emotions. We present the design of AniBalloons, 30 chat-balloon animations conveying Joy, Anger, Sadness, Surprise, Fear, and Calmness. Using AniBalloons as a research means, we conducted three studies to assess the animations’ affect recognizability and emotional properties (<span><math><mrow><mi>N</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>40</mn></mrow></math></span>), and probe how animated chat-balloons would influence communication experience in typical scenarios including instant messaging (<span><math><mrow><mi>N</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>72</mn></mrow></math></span>) and chatbot service (<span><math><mrow><mi>N</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>70</mn></mrow></math></span>). Our exploration contributes a set of chat-balloon animations to complement nonverbal affective communication for a range of text-message interfaces, and empirical insights into how animated chat-balloons might mediate particular conversation experiences (e.g., perceived interpersonal closeness, or chatbot personality).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54955,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142539661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring amBiDiguity: UI item direction interpretation by Arabic and Hebrew users","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2024.103383","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2024.103383","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bidirectional user interfaces serve more than half a billion users worldwide. Despite increasing diversity-driven approaches to interface development, bidirectional interfaces still use UI elements inconsistently. In particular, UI items containing ambiguous information that BiDi users might process both from right-to-left and left-to-right pose a challenge to designers. We use the term amBiDiguous to denote such items and suggest that they are susceptible to ineffective use.</div><div>This paper reports on an empirical study with 1705 Arabic and Hebrew users, in which we collected explicit and implicit data about ambiguous UI items in bidirectional interfaces. We explored the directional interpretation of amBiDiguous UI items and investigated the influence of individual, linguistic, and UI design factors on how people perceive them. The findings suggest a complex picture in which various factors affect ambiguous items’ interpretation. While the analysis indicates that preventing all interpretation errors is probably impossible, a large portion of those errors can be addressed by proper design.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54955,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142539514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Visualizing speech styles in captions for deaf and hard-of-hearing viewers","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2024.103386","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2024.103386","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Speech styles such as extension, emphasis, and pause play an important role in capturing the audience's attention and conveying a message accurately. Unfortunately, it is challenging for Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing (DHH) people to enjoy these benefits when watching lectures with common captions. In this paper, we propose a new caption system that automatically analyzes speech styles from audio and visualizes them using visualization elements such as punctuation, paint-on, color, and boldness. We conducted a comparative study with 26 DHH viewers and found that the proposed caption system enabled them to recognize the speaker's speech style in lectures. As a result, the DHH viewers were able to watch lecture videos more vividly and were more engaged with the lectures. In particular, punctuation can be a practical solution to visualize speech styles and ensure legibility. Participants expressed a desire to use our caption system in their daily lives, providing valuable insights for future sound-visualized caption research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54955,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142539513","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"When more is less: Finding the optimal balance of intelligent agents’ transparency in level 3 automated vehicles","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2024.103384","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2024.103384","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In automated vehicles, transparency of in-vehicle intelligent agents (IVIAs) is an important contributor to drivers’ perception, situation awareness, and driving performance. Our experiment focused on IVIA's transparency regarding information level and reliability on drivers’ perception and performance in level 3 automated vehicles. A 3 × 2 mixed factorial design was used in this study, with transparency (low, medium, high) as a between-subject variable and reliability (high vs. low) as a within-subjects variable. Forty-eight participants were recruited. Results suggested that transparency influenced drivers’ takeover time, lane keeping, and jerk. The high-reliability agent was associated with a higher perception of system accuracy and response speed and resulted in a longer takeover time than the low-reliability agent. Particularly, participants in medium transparency showed higher cognitive trust, lower workload, and higher situation awareness only when system reliability was high. Our findings can contribute to the advancement of intelligent agent transparency design in automated vehicles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54955,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparing typing methods for uppercase input in virtual reality: Modifier Key vs. alternative approaches","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2024.103385","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2024.103385","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Typing tasks are basic interactions in a virtual environment (VE). The presence of uppercase letters affects the meanings of words and their readability. By typing uppercase letters on a QWERTY keyboard, the layers can be switched using a modifier key. Considering that VE controllers are typically used in a VE, this input method can result in user fatigue and errors. Thus, this study proposed new alternative interactions for the modifier key input and compared their typing performance and user experience. In an experiment, 30 participants were instructed to type 10 sentences using different typing interaction methods (shift, long press, and double-tap) on a virtual keyboard in a VE. The typing speed, error rate, and number of backspace inputs were measured to compare typing performance. Upon the completion of the typing task, the usability, workload, and sickness associated with each typing method were evaluated. The results showed that the double-tap method exhibited significantly higher typing speed, error rate, ease of use, satisfaction, and workload. This result is consistent with those of previous studies demonstrating that selection tasks were more efficient with fewer hand movements. Thus, this study implies that the double-tap method can be considered as a potential typing interaction for the VEs instead of the traditional method using the shift as a modifier key. Therefore, this study is expected to contribute to the design and development of user-friendly interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54955,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Enhancing collaborative signing songwriting experience of the d/Deaf individuals","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2024.103382","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2024.103382","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Songwriting can be an important means of developing the personal and social skills of d/Deaf individuals, but there is a lack of research on understanding and supporting their songwriting. We aimed to understand the d/Deaf people's songwriting experience for the song signing genre, which visually represents music with sign language and body movement. Through two workshops in which mixed-hearing individuals collaborated in songwriting activities, we identified the potentials and challenges of the songwriting experience and developed a music-sensory substitution system that multimodally presents music in sound as well as visual, and vibrotactile feedback. The proposed system enables mixed-hearing partners to have better collaborative interaction and signing songwriting experience. Consequently, we found that the process of signing songwriting is valued by d/Deaf individuals as a means of musical self-expression and social connecting, and our system has increased their musical engagement while encouraging them to express themselves more through music and sign language.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54955,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142433466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"DIRA: A model of the user interface","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2024.103381","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2024.103381","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The user interface is a central concept in human–computer interaction, but peculiarly fuzzy. This affects discussions of the fundamentals of our discipline and the positioning of our work. We propose a model of the user interface that consists of four elements: Devices, Interaction Techniques, Representations, and Assemblies (DIRA). We explain their roles in the user interface and discuss some associated concerns about evaluation and design. We then show how to use the model to describe the elements of user interfaces (with examples that include a menu, a fisheye interface, and notifications) and to analyze the central characteristics of user interface paradigms (including tangible user interfaces and mixed reality). Finally, we discuss how describing user interfaces with the model can drive their design and evaluation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54955,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Demand characteristics in human–computer experiments","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2024.103379","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2024.103379","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Demand characteristics refer to cues that can inform participants in experiments about the hypothesis and influence their behavior. They lead researchers to erroneously infer non-existing effects, undermining the experimental integrity of empirical studies. Despite a widespread acknowledgment of their confounding influence in experimental psychology, experiments involving humans and computers to a lesser extent consider effects of demand characteristics, as computerized protocols are thought to be immune to some experimenter biases. Furthermore, demand characteristics are considered to mainly effect subjective measures. As a result, demand characteristics often remain uncontrolled in studies involving computers, and in particular for objective measures such as performance.</div><div>In this paper, we present two experiments that underline the importance of demand characteristics in human–computer interaction experiments. In a text-entry study, we made participants believe they were evaluating a research-based keyboard. This belief led to increased performance and self-reported user experience. In a second study, we conducted a thought experiment on the illusion of body ownership in virtual reality, where the experimental design indicated the study hypothesis. We found hypothesis-compliant responses from participants, even when they did not experience the illusion. We conclude that demand characteristics pose a significant challenge to the interpretation and validity of human–computer experiments, even when they are fully automated. We discuss the implications and offer guidelines to mitigate effects of demand characteristics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54955,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring the effects of location information on perceptions of news credibility and sharing intention","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2024.103378","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2024.103378","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent years, the integration of location-based services into social media platforms has seen a significant surge, coinciding with the growing challenges posed by the proliferation of fake news online. However, the influence of location data on readers’ perceptions of online news credibility, particularly in relation to the reporters’ whereabouts, remains unclear. To investigate this relationship, we conducted a 3 (Topics: crime, science, health) <span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span> 2 (Location anchor: event-anchored or participant-anchored) <span><math><mo>×</mo></math></span> 4 (Proximity to location anchor - no, same, close-by or faraway location) mixed-method online study (N <span><math><mo>=</mo></math></span> 288) on Prolific. Our data collection involved presenting participants with news articles and assessing their credibility assessments and sharing intentions based on the proximity of those disseminating the news to both the subject matter of the news and the audience consuming it. Our findings reveal that the proximity of the reporter’s location to the readers’ location had a noticeable adverse impact on perceptions of news credibility and the likelihood of sharing it. Furthermore, we also identified a weak positive correlation between sharing intentions and trust in social media platforms. In addition, we observed that crime news were generally perceived as less credible compared to health and science news. Our research contributes significantly to a nuanced understanding of how location-based cues impact user behaviour when interacting with online news articles. Furthermore, it provides design insights for social media platforms aiming to enhance user trust and promote pro-social behaviours.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54955,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142428375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}