Anna Kovbasiuk , Tamilla Triantoro , Leon Ciechanowski , Konrad Sowa , Aleksandra Przegalinska
{"title":"Is AI a good fit? The impact of personality on generative AI collaboration and enjoyment","authors":"Anna Kovbasiuk , Tamilla Triantoro , Leon Ciechanowski , Konrad Sowa , Aleksandra Przegalinska","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2026.103747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2026.103747","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As generative AI becomes a common collaborator in the workplace, understanding the psychological factors driving its adoption becomes essential. This study examines how Big Five personality traits shape the user experience and intention to use AI. In an experiment with 59 participants, we compared a group collaborating with an AI chatbot against a control group working alone on business-related tasks. We found that for those working with AI, personality traits such as extraversion and agreeableness significantly enhanced their enjoyment of the task. Importantly, this positive experience did not directly translate into a higher intention to use the technology. Instead, the main contribution of enjoyment was building trust towards technology. Trust acted as the necessary bridge, converting the hedonic benefit of enjoyment into a greater willingness to adopt AI for future use. Our results suggest that the path to successful AI adoption in the workplace depends on more than a positive first impression; it requires building a foundation of trust.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54955,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 103747"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146102913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Voice agent accents can shape driver behavior and perception","authors":"Mungyeong Choe , Abby Walker , Koeun Choi , Nicholas Kilp , Myounghoon Jeon","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2026.103776","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2026.103776","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As conversational capabilities of in-vehicle voice agents advance, voice agents are no longer just tools—they are social partners behind the wheel. Accents convey subtle social and cultural cues, prompting the question: Can accents influence driver behavior and perception? In this study, 36 participants—grouped by linguistic background (Southern U.S., non-Southern U.S., international)—completed a series of driving scenarios paired with different voice agent conditions (Mainstream American English, Southern U.S. English, and Navigation-Only) using a driving simulator. Results showed that the Southern accent condition was associated with lower lane deviation and higher ratings of warmth and social presence, especially among Southern U.S. participants. International participants, however, exhibited higher brake pedal torque under this condition, suggesting that accent familiarity may influence cognitive workload and attentional demands. Overall, these findings highlight the potential benefits of incorporating regionally distinctive accents in in-vehicle agents to enhance user engagement, improve driving stability, and ultimately promote safer driving behavior.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54955,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 103776"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147402105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marisela Hernández-Lara , Karina Caro , Ana I. Martínez-García , Ian Adame
{"title":"Designing Odisea Emocional: A gamification-based tool for supporting therapeutic interventions for emotional regulation of individuals with intellectual disabilities","authors":"Marisela Hernández-Lara , Karina Caro , Ana I. Martínez-García , Ian Adame","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2026.103767","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2026.103767","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Individuals with intellectual disabilities might experience difficulties related to emotion identification and emotional regulation. Emotional regulation represents a significant milestone associated with cognitive development and impacts the achievement of independent living. Various interventions exist to support emotional regulation in different populations, but they present challenges in maintaining participant attention and require individualized adaptations. An alternative to supporting these interventions is the use of interactive technology, such as video games and gamification-based tools. The literature suggests various types of interactive technology that have proven effective in supporting the development of different skills in people with intellectual disabilities. However, technology specifically designed to support emotional regulation has yet to be developed. This paper presents the design process and evaluation of <em>Odisea Emocional</em>, a gamification-based tool to support therapeutic interventions for emotional regulation in individuals with intellectual disabilities. The tool was designed based on existing literature on gamification and serious games for diverse populations, as well as through a contextual study conducted with special education teachers, therapists, psychologists, and people with intellectual disabilities.</div><div>After obtaining the design characteristics for the tool, we implemented a high-fidelity prototype. Then, we conducted a formative evaluation of <em>Odisea Emocional</em> with five individuals with intellectual disabilities, which provided us with feedback for adjustments to the tool.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54955,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 103767"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147402121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In-Taek Jung , ChungHa Lee , In-Chang Baek , Dongik Oh , Youjin Choi , KyungJoong Kim , Duk-Jo Kong , Jin-Hyuk Hong
{"title":"GPTalk: LLM-based virtual companions for metacognitive growth in self-regulated e-learning","authors":"In-Taek Jung , ChungHa Lee , In-Chang Baek , Dongik Oh , Youjin Choi , KyungJoong Kim , Duk-Jo Kong , Jin-Hyuk Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2026.103754","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2026.103754","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although students need to self-monitor and manage their learning process for effective metacognition, it can be particularly challenging in solitary e-learning environments that rely on pre-recorded videos. Unlike interactive e-learning or physical classrooms, typical e-learning environments prevent students from interacting with their teachers and peers, thereby hindering metacognitive support. To address this challenge, we introduce GPTalk, a system designed to support students’ learning experiences by facilitating interactions with LLM-based virtual companions. Through interviews with students and teachers, we identified design recommendations and implemented them in GPTalk. A user study involving 32 high-school students demonstrated that, compared to a baseline system, GPTalk fostered richer metacognitive engagement and self-regulated learning processes during video-based study (<em>e.g.</em>, more monitoring questions and in-situ reflections), while short-term content understanding accuracy remained comparable across conditions. Overall, our findings suggest that students’ interactions with a virtual teacher and peer can support key aspects of their metacognition and self-regulated e-learning processes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54955,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 103754"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146192297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Privacy in motion: Attitudes and strategies for navigating the smart home privacy paradox","authors":"Zixiang Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2026.103774","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2026.103774","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While privacy concerns in smart homes have gained attention in human-computer interaction research, existing research underappreciates users’ convenience-privacy trade-offs in real-world practice. Drawing on privacy paradox theory and a distributed cognition perspective, this study employs a contextmapping methodology, integrating a 14-day diary study and recalled semi-structured interviews to explore users’ attitudes toward the privacy paradox and their navigation strategies. Our findings emphasize the context-dependent, situated nature of privacy navigation strategy, providing new insights into privacy tensions in smart home.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54955,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 103774"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147402104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The privacy triad: Understanding the influence of perceived social agency on privacy attitudes","authors":"Maxwell Keleher, Khadija Baig, Sonia Chiasson","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2026.103752","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2026.103752","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Computers Are Social Actors (CASA) paradigm proposes that users’ interactions with computers follow the same social psychology principles as their interactions with people. CASA has potential value in guiding privacy design and research, but this has never been explicitly studied. To investigate how CASA may affect users’ privacy attitudes towards computers, smartphones, and digital assistants, we conducted a two-part investigation. First, we surveyed 400 participants. We identified that CASA is relevant in some, but not all, privacy contexts. Next, we interviewed 12 participants using Grounded Theory methods to understand to what extent CASA shaped their privacy attitudes. Overall, our study revealed that CASA by itself is insufficient to explain users’ privacy attitudes. Interpreting our results, we propose the Privacy Triad: users either consider their device to be a <em>social agent</em>, a <em>conduit</em> for outside actors, or a <em>tool</em> over which they have full control. These roles impact users’ privacy attitudes and expectations towards the device. We describe the practical applications of the Privacy Triad for designers. The triad can help designers implement privacy systems and technologies that foster interactions that naturally align with users’ expectations. It can also help designers think through potential risks arising from these interactions (e.g., phishing or inadvertent privacy disclosures).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54955,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 103752"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146102912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The turn to practice in design ethics: Characteristics and future research directions for HCI research","authors":"Gizem Öz , Christian Dindler , Sharon Lindberg","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2026.103779","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2026.103779","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As emerging technologies continue to shape society, a growing body of work is engaging with design ethics as it unfolds in practice to better capture the complexities of ethical considerations embedded in day-to-day work. Positioned within the broader “turn to practice” in HCI, this paper brings together this body of work as an emerging research area, characterizing its motivations, conceptual positionings, methodologies, and contributions through a review conducted across a range of design disciplines and academic databases. The findings reveal a shift away from static and abstract ethical frameworks toward an understanding of ethics as an evolving, situated, and inherent aspect of design activities, one that can be cultivated and fostered collaboratively. We propose six future directions to establish common research priorities and stimulate the area’s growth. While the paper promotes cross-disciplinary dialogue, we argue that HCI research, given its cumulative experience with practice-oriented research, is well-equipped to guide this emerging research area on design ethics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54955,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 103779"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147402103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rethinking explainable AI: The gap between saliency-based explanation and user understanding for object detection models","authors":"Ruoxi Qi , Guoyang Liu , Jindi Zhang , Janet Hui-wen Hsiao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2026.103773","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2026.103773","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Saliency-based explainable AI (XAI) methods are commonly used to explain the behaviors of AI models, despite the limited research on whether such methods can indeed enhance user understanding. Here we proposed a set of tasks to systematically and objectively evaluate user’s global understanding of object detection models at the feature, object, and image levels. We found that while presenting AI’s hits, misses, and false alarms to users could enhance feature-level and some aspects of object-level understanding, presenting saliency-based explanations could not provide any additional help and did not help direct user’s attention to relevant features. Meanwhile, presenting AI’s hits, misses, and false alarms alone did not help users distinguish AI’s hits from misses and did not enhance image-level understanding. At the image level, among the participants, assuming that AI would behave like themselves appeared to be the best strategy for predicting AI’s behavior, since any attempts to revise such assumption resulted in further deviations from AI’s actual behaviors. Thus, it is necessary to develop more effective XAI methods, particularly for object detection models. Our eye movement analyses showed that participants who used similar strategies to AI also tended to perform more similarly to AI, suggesting that we could instruct users to use their own strategy as a reference point to predict AI’s behavior accordingly. Also, participants’ eye movement consistency and attention strategy similarity to AI’s were associated with different aspects of user understanding, suggesting that eye movements could be used as non-intrusive measures to monitor user understanding for providing user-specific explanations in future XAI methods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54955,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 103773"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147402106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shu Zhong, Elia Gatti, Youngjun Cho, Marianna Obrist
{"title":"TouchAI: Exploring human–AI perceptual alignment in touch through language model representations","authors":"Shu Zhong, Elia Gatti, Youngjun Cho, Marianna Obrist","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2026.103765","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2026.103765","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Aligning large language models (LLMs) behaviour with human intent is critical for future AI. An important yet often overlooked aspect of this alignment is the perceptual alignment. Perceptual modalities like touch are more multifaceted and nuanced compared to other sensory modalities such as vision. This study investigates how well LLMs can understand and interpret human touch experiences by focusing on their capacity to perceive the tactile qualities of everyday objects. For instance, it assesses whether LLMs can recognise that silk satin is softer and smoother than cotton denim. We developed a “Guess What Textile” interaction using a custom AI system that enables participants to narrate their touch experiences in the “textile hand” task. Participants were given two textile samples–a target and a reference–to handle. Without seeing them, participants described the differences between them to the LLM. Using these descriptions, the LLM attempted to identify the target textile by assessing similarity within its high-dimensional embedding space, where its perceptual representations are encoded. Our results suggest that a degree of perceptual alignment exists; however, it varies significantly among different textile samples. For example, LLM predictions are well aligned for silk satin, but not for cotton denim. Moreover, participants felt that their textile experiences were not closely matched by the LLM predictions. This study is the first exploration into perceptual alignment around touch using LLM encoders, exemplified through textile hand task. We discuss possible sources of this alignment variance, and how better human–AI perceptual alignment can benefit future everyday tasks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54955,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 103765"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147401524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Culture, emotions, and power dynamics in AI email communication","authors":"Marina Polupanova , Marios Constantinides , Daniele Quercia","doi":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2026.103770","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijhcs.2026.103770","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in enhancing writing tasks. However, the effectiveness of LLMs in specifically improving email communication is yet unclear not least because such communication depends on complex factors, including power dynamics, cultural contexts, and emotional nuances. To understand the effectiveness of writing emails with LLMs, we conducted a crowd-sourcing study with 266 participants who annotated two sets of emails in terms of clarity and willingness to act upon the task communicated in those emails: one set was generated by humans and another generated by LLM. The emails were based on four use cases, including requests for data gathering and analysis, workload estimation, and meetings or events organization, representing situations with the same or different power levels between the sender and receiver, and were developed using best practices for project management. We found that, on average, LLM-generated emails expressed tasks in a clearer way but were not more likely to result in willingness to act. In fact, willingness to act increased not only if the receiver is a subordinate but also if the receiver perceives the request to be trustworthy and appreciative. Our crowdsourcing approach allowed us to understand the effectiveness of AI-generated text for email communication, and our findings suggest that future AI-assisted innovations should prioritize fostering trust, appreciation, and respect between communicators—factors that will remain decisive for cooperation even if AI systems become more advanced or approach superhuman capabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54955,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Human-Computer Studies","volume":"210 ","pages":"Article 103770"},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147402107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}