{"title":"Microbe-induced gene silencing of fungal gene confers efficient resistance against Fusarium graminearum in maize","authors":"Ting Chen, Wen Tian, Qing Shuai, Han-Guang Wen, Hui-Shan Guo, Jian-Hua Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s42994-025-00212-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42994-025-00212-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Small RNAs (sRNAs), the main effectors of RNA interference (or RNA silencing, RNAi), mediate cell-autonomous and non-cell-autonomous gene silencing. The discoveries of trans-kingdom RNAi and interspecies RNAi have accelerated the development of RNAi-based crop protection technologies. Recently, based on interspecies RNAi, a practical technology termed microbe-induced gene silencing (MIGS) without the need of host genetic modification is developed for crop protection against <i>Verticillium dahliae</i> and <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> in cotton and rice plants. In this study, we utilized MIGS technology to protect maize against <i>Fusarium graminearum</i>, which is responsible for maize stalk rot. An RNAi-engineered <i>Trichoderma harzianum </i>strain, Th-FgPmt2i, was exploited to generate double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) to trigger the silencing of the <i>FgPTM2</i> gene. Our data verify that sRNAs generated from Th-FgPmt2i can silence the <i>FgPMT2</i> gene via translational inhibition in <i>F. graminearum</i>. We further demonstrated that Th-FgPmt2i has a stronger capacity than does the <i>T. harzianum</i> chassis for protection of maize against <i>F. graminearum</i>. Coupled with our studies on crop protection against <i>V. dahliae</i> and <i>F. oxysporum</i>, our findings reveal that MIGS can be exploited to protect various crops against distinct fungal pathogens and has extensive applicability.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":"6 3","pages":"466 - 471"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42994-025-00212-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145100598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Breeding and molecular characterization of a new salt-tolerant wheat variety","authors":"Wanqing Bai, Ziyi Yang, Shuxian Huang, Anqi Li, Liming Wang, Yunwei Zhang, Jiaqiang Sun","doi":"10.1007/s42994-025-00211-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42994-025-00211-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Soil salinization is a severely detrimental environmental problem that affects the seed germination, growth and yield of wheat. To excavate salt-tolerant genes and breed salt-tolerant wheat varieties are of great significance for ensuring global food security. In this study, we have successfully developed a novel salt-tolerant wheat cultivar, KD808, which is shown to have remarkable salt tolerance through multiple phenotypic analyses. RNA-seq coupled with RT-qPCR analyses reveal that the expression of <i>TaSGR-5B</i> is up-regulated by salt stress treatment in the salt-sensitive wheat varieties such as KN199 and Fielder, whereas the salt-induction of <i>TaSGR-5B</i> is abolished in our salt-tolerant variety KD808. More importantly, we found that the loss-of-function <i>Tasgr-aabbdd</i> mutants exhibit significantly salt-tolerant phenotypes without penalties in major agronomic traits. This study not only provides valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms of salt tolerance in wheat but also offers substantial potential for improving wheat cultivation in saline-alkali soils, thereby contributing to sustainable agricultural production.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":"6 2","pages":"278 - 283"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144610295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
aBIOTECHPub Date : 2025-03-31DOI: 10.1007/s42994-024-00187-z
Aung Htay Naing, Jova Riza Campol, Hay Mon Aung, Hyunhee Kang, Su Bin Cho, Yun-Jae Ahn, Junping Xu, Mi Young Chung, Chang Kil Kim
{"title":"Mildew resistance locus O (MLO)-edited petunia shows reduced seed germination, seed set, seed vigor, and growth","authors":"Aung Htay Naing, Jova Riza Campol, Hay Mon Aung, Hyunhee Kang, Su Bin Cho, Yun-Jae Ahn, Junping Xu, Mi Young Chung, Chang Kil Kim","doi":"10.1007/s42994-024-00187-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42994-024-00187-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, we evaluated the impact of editing the powdery mildew-susceptible gene <i>MLO1</i> in <i>Petunia hybrida</i> cv. ‘Mirage Rose’ using CRISPR/Cas9. We evaluated plant growth, seed physiology, pollen viability and germination, and gibberellin (GA)-associated gene expression. The <i>mlo1</i> mutants exhibited delayed seed germination, reduced plant growth, delayed flowering, and lower seed set and weight compared to wild type (WT). While pollen viability and germination were not significantly affected in the <i>mlo1-14</i> mutant, both were notably reduced in the <i>mlo1-25</i> mutant. Expression analysis revealed significantly higher levels of GA biosynthesis and receptor genes in the mutants, suggesting alterations in the GA signaling pathways. Application of exogenous GA<sub>3</sub> effectively mitigated growth inhibition in the mutants, aligning their growth parameters with those of WT. Our findings underscore the complex role of <i>MLO1</i> in regulating plant growth and development, likely through modulation of the GA signaling pathways. This study highlights the trade-offs associated with <i>MLO1</i> editing for powdery mildew resistance, including impacts on plant growth and reproductive success, and demonstrates the potential of GA<sub>3</sub> application in counteracting these effects. Collectively, this study suggests that the growth penalty and impaired seed physiology caused by the <i>mlo1</i> mutation must be considered when attempting to edit <i>MLO1</i> for powdery mildew toleration in ornamental plants, as these drawbacks can severely impact the plants’ utility in the floricultural industry.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":"6 2","pages":"263 - 273"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144610291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
aBIOTECHPub Date : 2025-03-28DOI: 10.1007/s42994-025-00206-7
Ze-Zhen Du, Jia-Bao He, Wen-Biao Jiao
{"title":"Plant graph-based pangenomics: techniques, applications, and challenges","authors":"Ze-Zhen Du, Jia-Bao He, Wen-Biao Jiao","doi":"10.1007/s42994-025-00206-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42994-025-00206-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Innovations in DNA sequencing technologies have greatly boosted population-level genomic studies in plants, facilitating the identification of key genetic variations for investigating population diversity and accelerating the molecular breeding of crops. Conventional methods for genomic analysis typically rely on small variants, such as SNPs and indels, and use single linear reference genomes, which introduces biases and reduces performance in highly divergent genomic regions. By integrating the population level of sequences, pangenomes, particularly graph pangenomes, offer a promising solution to these challenges. To date, numerous algorithms have been developed for constructing pangenome graphs, aligning reads to these graphs, and performing variant genotyping based on these graphs. As demonstrated in various plant pangenomic studies, these advancements allow for the detection of previously hidden variants, especially structural variants, thereby enhancing applications such as genetic mapping of agronomically important genes. However, noteworthy challenges remain to be overcome in applying pangenome graph approaches to plants. Addressing these issues will require the development of more sophisticated algorithms tailored specifically to plants. Such improvements will contribute to the scalability of this approach, facilitating the production of super-pangenomes, in which hundreds or even thousands of de novo–assembled genomes from one species or genus can be integrated. This, in turn, will promote broader pan-omic studies, further advancing our understanding of genetic diversity and driving innovations in crop breeding.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":"6 2","pages":"361 - 376"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12237840/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144610305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
aBIOTECHPub Date : 2025-03-13DOI: 10.1007/s42994-025-00207-6
Wenpeng Deng, Jianye Chang, Alun Li, He Xie, Jue Ruan
{"title":"Efficient data filtering with multiple group conditions: a command tool for bioinformatics data analysis","authors":"Wenpeng Deng, Jianye Chang, Alun Li, He Xie, Jue Ruan","doi":"10.1007/s42994-025-00207-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42994-025-00207-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bioinformatics analysis often requires the filtering of multi-datasets, based on frequency or frequency of occurrence, for decisions on retention or deletion. Existing tools for this purpose often present a challenge with complex installation, which necessitate custom coding, thereby impeding efficient data processing activities. To address this issue, Filterx, a user-friendly command line tool that written in C language, was developed that supports multi-condition filtering, based on frequency or occurrence. This tool enables users to complete the data processing tasks through a simple command line, greatly reducing both workload and data processing time. In addition, future development of this tool could facilitate its integration into various bioinformatics data analysis pipelines.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":"6 2","pages":"274 - 277"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144610297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
aBIOTECHPub Date : 2025-03-12DOI: 10.1007/s42994-025-00205-8
Yinxiao Wang, Yihe Hao, Shengyan Li, Ning Wen, Mingyuan Yin, Zhihong Lang
{"title":"Effects of cultivating biotech maize GG2 and glyphosate treatment on the rhizospheric microbial community structure","authors":"Yinxiao Wang, Yihe Hao, Shengyan Li, Ning Wen, Mingyuan Yin, Zhihong Lang","doi":"10.1007/s42994-025-00205-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42994-025-00205-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In environmental biosafety assessments of glyphosate-tolerant crops, it is essential to evaluate the effects of cultivating these crops and applying glyphosate on the microbial community in the rhizosphere soil, which play a critical role in maintaining soil health, plant growth, and crop productivity. Maize (<i>Zea mays</i>) line GG2 was previously generated by transforming wild-type maize with the <i>gat</i> and <i>gr79-epsps</i> genes, endowing GG2 with both active and passive resistance to glyphosate. However, the ecological risk of introducing these two new glyphosate-tolerance genes into maize, as well as glyphosate treatment, to rhizosphere microorganisms remain unclear. In this study, we used high-throughput sequencing to analyze the diversity and composition of the bacterial and fungal communities in the rhizosphere soil around biotech maize GG2, with (GG2-H) and without glyphosate treatment (GG2-N), compared with the near-isogenic, non-biotech maize line ZD958 at seven stages of growth. The structure and diversity of the bacterial and fungal communities of GG2-H were similar to those of ZD958, whereas glyphosate treatment had temporary effects on bacterial and fungal diversity and richness. The differences in the bacterial and fungal communities were associated with changes in soil properties such as pH, available phosphorus and organic matter, and seasonal changes. These factors, rather than maize lines, made the greatest contributions to the shifts in bacterial and fungal community structure. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the effects of biotech crop cultivation, glyphosate treatment, soil physicochemical properties of soil, and maize growth stages on soil microbial communities, offering valuable insights for the large-scale adoption of biotech crops in China.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":"6 2","pages":"174 - 188"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12237839/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144610296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
aBIOTECHPub Date : 2025-03-04DOI: 10.1007/s42994-025-00204-9
Yan Zhang, Ming Cheng, Karen Massel, Ian D. Godwin, Guoquan Liu
{"title":"An accelerated transgene-free genome editing system using microparticle bombardment of sorghum immature embryos","authors":"Yan Zhang, Ming Cheng, Karen Massel, Ian D. Godwin, Guoquan Liu","doi":"10.1007/s42994-025-00204-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42994-025-00204-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The key factors for genome-editing in plants using CRISPR/Cas9, such as the Cas9 nuclease and guide RNA (gRNA) are typically expressed from a construct that is integrated into the plant genome. However, the presence of foreign DNA in the host genome causes genetic and regulatory concerns, particularly for commercialization. To address this issue, we developed an accelerated pipeline for generating transgene-free genome-edited sorghum (<i>Sorghum bicolor</i>) in the T<sub>0</sub> generation. For proof-of-concept, we selected the <i>Phytoene desaturase</i> (<i>PDS</i>) gene as the target due to its visible phenotype (albinism) upon mutation. Following microprojectile-mediated co-transformation with a maize (<i>Zea mays</i>)-optimized Cas9 vector and a guide RNA (gRNA) cassette with a geneticin (G418) resistance gene, we divided tissue derived from immature embryos into two groups (with and without antibiotic selection) and cultured them separately as parallel experiments. In regenerated plants cultured on medium containing MS basal nutrition (to allow albino plants to survive), we detected higher rates of albinism in the non-selection group, achieving editing rates of 11.1–14.3% compared with 4.2–8.3% in the antibiotic selection group. In the T<sub>0</sub> generation, 22.2–38.1% of albino plants from the non-selection group were identified as transgene-free, whereas only 0–5.9% from the selection group were transgene-free. Therefore, our strategy efficiently produced transgene-free genome-edited plants without the need for self-crossing or outcrossing, demonstrating the feasibility of achieving transgene-free genome-edited sorghum plants within a single generation. These findings pave the way for commercializing transgene-free genome-edited lines, particularly for vegetatively propagated crops like pineapple, sugarcane, and banana.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":"6 2","pages":"202 - 214"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12238444/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144610293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"OsbHLH062 regulates iron homeostasis by inhibiting iron deficiency responses in rice","authors":"Wujian Wang, Fengyu He, Hui Zhang, Yue Yang, Xiaojuan Wang, Yue Fu, Huixia Shou, Luqing Zheng","doi":"10.1007/s42994-025-00203-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42994-025-00203-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Iron (Fe) homeostasis in plant cells is crucial for crop productivity and quality. An intricate transcriptional network involving numerous basic Helix-Loop-Helix (bHLH) transcription factors has been proposed to control Fe homeostasis. In the present study, we characterized rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i>) OsbHLH062, a member of the IVb subgroup of the bHLH family, demonstrating that it negatively regulates Fe-deficiency responses. OsbHLH062 represses transcription by recruiting TOPLESS/TOPLESS-RELATED co-repressors (TPL/TPRs) through its ethylene-responsive element binding factor-associated amphiphilic repression (EAR) motif. Under Fe deficiency, the expression of <i>OsbHLH062</i> is upregulated in roots and downregulated in shoots. Overexpression of <i>OsbHLH062</i> leads to decreased Fe accumulation in the shoot. Furthermore, OsbHLH062 interacts with POSITIVE REGULATOR OF IRON HOMEOSTASIS 1 (OsPRI1) and inhibits its transactivation activity, thereby negatively regulating the expression of many Fe homeostasis-related genes. These results indicate an important role for OsbHLH062 in regulating Fe homeostasis by negatively regulating Fe deficiency responses in rice. This knowledge will aid in the design of Fe-biofortified rice plants that can help to address the global issue of Fe deficiency.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":"6 2","pages":"215 - 231"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12238704/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144610303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
aBIOTECHPub Date : 2025-02-22DOI: 10.1007/s42994-025-00201-y
Xiaopeng Li, Jiaxuan Li, Hossain M. Zabed, Junjie Li, Min Xiong, Hongyong Shi, Jia Li
{"title":"Manipulating brassinosteroid signaling pathway to genetically improve horticultural plants","authors":"Xiaopeng Li, Jiaxuan Li, Hossain M. Zabed, Junjie Li, Min Xiong, Hongyong Shi, Jia Li","doi":"10.1007/s42994-025-00201-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42994-025-00201-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Brassinosteroids (BRs), a class of plant-specific steroidal hormones, play crucial roles in regulating various plant physiological functions, such as growth, development, and adaptability to the environment. Despite this broader role of BRs, previously published reviews mainly focused on the molecular mechanisms of BR-mediated regulation of vegetative and reproductive growth of model plants like <i>Arabidopsis</i> and some food crops, such as rice, maize, and wheat. While horticultural plants hold significant economic importance in modern agriculture, less attention has been paid to understanding the role of BRs in regulating the physiological functions of these plants. Given the lack of relevant reviews, this article aims to discuss the major roles of BRs in horticultural plants, particularly fruit and leaf development, whole plant architecture, and adaptive stress response. We also highlight key challenges and provide some future research directions for genetically improving horticultural plants by altering the BR signaling pathway.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":"6 2","pages":"328 - 345"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12238443/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144610300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"PhytoCluster: a generative deep learning model for clustering plant single-cell RNA-seq data","authors":"Hao Wang, Xiangzheng Fu, Lijia Liu, Yi Wang, Jingpeng Hong, Bintao Pan, Yaning Cao, Yanqing Chen, Yongsheng Cao, Xiaoding Ma, Wei Fang, Shen Yan","doi":"10.1007/s42994-025-00196-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42994-025-00196-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) technology enables a deep understanding of cellular differentiation during plant development and reveals heterogeneity among the cells of a given tissue. However, the computational characterization of such cellular heterogeneity is complicated by the high dimensionality, sparsity, and biological noise inherent to the raw data. Here, we introduce PhytoCluster, an unsupervised deep learning algorithm, to cluster scRNA-seq data by extracting latent features. We benchmarked PhytoCluster against four simulated datasets and five real scRNA-seq datasets with varying protocols and data quality levels. A comprehensive evaluation indicated that PhytoCluster outperforms other methods in clustering accuracy, noise removal, and signal retention. Additionally, we evaluated the performance of the latent features extracted by PhytoCluster across four machine learning models. The computational results highlight the ability of PhytoCluster to extract meaningful information from plant scRNA-seq data, with machine learning models achieving accuracy comparable to that of raw features. We believe that PhytoCluster will be a valuable tool for disentangling complex cellular heterogeneity based on scRNA-seq data.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":"6 2","pages":"189 - 201"},"PeriodicalIF":5.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12237842/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144610304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}