aBIOTECH最新文献

{"title":"Metabolic engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for de novo biosynthesis of isoorientin","authors":"Zhaoyun Song, Fan Zhang, Xiaoquan Qi","doi":"10.1016/j.abiote.2026.100085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abiote.2026.100085","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":"1 1","pages":"100085-100085"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148861096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overexpression of ROSMARINIC ACID SYNTHASE enhances the hepatoprotective potential of Dracocephalum heterophyllum hairy root cultures","authors":"Lu Cao, Zhenying Wu, Yingping Cao, Lichengcheng Ren, Na Hu, Yaling Liu, Yuchen Liu, Shaowei Yu, Jingzhe Sun, Meifeng Liu, Feng Yuan, Honglun Wang, Chunxiang Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.abiote.2026.100087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.abiote.2026.100087","url":null,"abstract":"Dracocephalum heterophyllum Benth., a widely used Tibetan medicinal herb in the Lamiaceae family, accumulates bioactive secondary metabolites such as rosmarinic acid (RosA) and exhibits strong hepatoprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities. The sustainable production of this herb is limited by the extreme conditions required for its growth. To address this limitation, we developed an efficient axillary bud propagation system for D. heterophyllum , achieving a multiplication coefficient of 4.8. We then generated hairy roots from propagated shoot explants using Agrobacterium rhizogenes –mediated transformation. Among the tested A. rhizogenes strains, LBA9402 showed the highest induction efficiency on stem explants, reaching 23.3% ± 1.0. Heterologous expression of the C. blumei gene encoding rosmarinic acid synthase (RAS) in hairy roots resulted in a 1.2- to 2.1-fold increase in RosA levels compared with those in empty vector control roots. Consistent with the elevated RosA levels, the RAS- overexpressing hairy roots exhibited markedly enhanced lipid-lowering and hepatoprotective effects in oleic acid–induced HepG2 cells. These results establish bioengineered D. heterophyllum hairy root cultures as a scalable and sustainable source of bioactive compounds and as an alternative to wild-harvested plant material.","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":"1 1","pages":"100087-100087"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2662173826001013/pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148861099","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allelic expression and subgenome bias influence plant height in cultivated hybrid sugarcane.","authors":"Aoqian Dong, Meiling Jiang, Shuai Chen, Zhongqiang Xia, Yuan Qin, Xingtan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.abiote.2026.100052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abiote.2026.100052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Optimizing plant height to enhance lodging resistance and facilitate mechanized harvesting is a critical breeding objective for cultivated hybrid sugarcane. However, the genetic dissection of this trait has been impeded by the complexity of the aneuploid sugarcane genome. To address this issue, we performed a k-mer-based genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 603 re-sequenced sugarcane accessions. We identified 138 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) linked to plant height. These included well-known regulators in the gibberellin and brassinosteroid pathways (e.g., <i>GID1</i>, <i>DWF1</i>) and genes involved in less-studied processes that might contribute to differences in plant height, such as sucrose and fatty acid biosynthesis (e.g., <i>SUS6</i>, <i>ACC2</i>). Using transcriptome data, we documented widespread, stable, allele-specific expression of plant height-related genes and unequal contributions among alleles: 35.02% of alleles accounted for 80% of total gene expression. We also detected substantial imbalances in both gene copy number and expression between the two progenitor-derived subgenomes. The expression bias between subgenomes was typically much smaller than the imbalance suggested by copy number alone, indicating partial buffering at the expression level. Crucially, at the population level, changes in both the dominant allele and subgenome bias of specific genes were associated with differences in plant height in cultivated sugarcane. Finally, we inferred an expression-based regulatory network for plant height-related genes and identified hub genes with possible direct and indirect roles in regulating plant height. Our findings shed light on the regulation of plant height in cultivated sugarcane and offer breeding targets for improved plant architecture.</p>","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":"7 3","pages":"100052"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13226245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148158991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing mitochondrial genome editing for crop improvement: principles and applications.","authors":"Fengyuan Xu, Fuyan Fan, Jingxuan Cui, Qining Bai, Daogen He, Zhongyuan Hu, Mingfang Zhang, Jinghua Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.abiote.2026.100051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abiote.2026.100051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plant mitochondria possess a genome that not only encodes genes essential for respiration and energy production but also influences important traits such as cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS). However, the manipulation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has long been challenging. Recent breakthroughs in protein-based editing tools, beginning with Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases (TALENs) and extending to TALEN gene-drive mutagenesis (TALEN-GDM) and, most recently, TALE-based base editors, have helped overcome some of these barriers. Nevertheless, mitochondrial transformation remains a significant limitation. Promising developments in this field come from nanotechnology and peptide engineering. In this review, we systematically compare these emerging tools, with a focus on the mechanisms responsible for their distinct editing outcomes and inheritance patterns, while critically examining current limitations and propo sing potential strategies to overcome them. We assess persistent challenges in plant mitochondrial transformation. Furthermore, we detail how mitochondrial genome editing is advancing research on cytoplasmic male sterility, which has the potential to facilitate crop breeding. Finally, we outline how CRISPR is expected to enrich the editing toolbox and discuss potential uses of mitochondrial genome engineering to expand our understanding of mitochondrial biology and provide novel opportunities for crop improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":"7 3","pages":"100051"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13199976/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148037526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Domain-less defenders: evolutionary innovations and agricultural promise of noncanonical NLRs.","authors":"Zichen Liu, Man Hu, Guozhi Bi","doi":"10.1016/j.abiote.2026.100048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abiote.2026.100048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Noncanonical nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) genes, which lack typical N-terminal domains, are abundant in plants but their functions remain poorly understood. Two recent studies have cloned members of this family and offer clues into the role of this family in plant immunity. Independently, these workers cloned two noncanonical NLR genes, <i>RMES1A</i> and <i>RMES1B</i>, that confer resistance to the aphid <i>Melanaphis sorghi</i> in sorghum (<i>Sorghum bicolor</i>). Furthermore, their cognate insect effector MsEF1, a phosphatase-like protein, was identified. These studies establish that NLRs lacking clear functional domains can mediate insect resistance and provide a new genetic resource for engineering pest-resilient crops.</p>","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":"7 2","pages":"100048"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13133928/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147823438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coordination of PTI and ETI in legume-rhizobium mutualism.","authors":"Yanjun Li, Junhao Shi, Xinxin Li, Wei Wang, Yongjia Zhong","doi":"10.1016/j.abiote.2026.100042","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abiote.2026.100042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The plant immune system plays crucial roles in interactions with microbes- both pathogenic and beneficial. During the past few decades, great progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms of plant immune responses, including during legume-rhizobium mutualism. Here, we summarize recent progress uncovering the roles of the two layers of plant immunity, pathogen-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI), in the association between legumes and rhizobia. We propose that crosstalk occurs between PTI and ETI in legumes to regulate symbiotic interactions with rhizobia. This concept enhances our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the relationships between plant immunity and legume-rhizobium mutualism.</p>","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":"7 2","pages":"100042"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13092741/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147788961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive analysis of m⁶A-regulatory genes in soybean uncovers GmMTBa as a critical determinant of salinity stress tolerance.","authors":"Leili Wang, Chengyang Song, Zhu Yan, Tianqi Wang, Yisheng Fang, Xiulin Liu, Junlong Bao, Dan Zhu, Xiao Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.abiote.2026.100046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abiote.2026.100046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Soybean (<i>Glycine max</i>) is an important protein and oil crop whose yield is significantly affected by salinity stress. N⁶-methyladenine (m⁶A), a prominent epigenetic modification of RNA, exerts crucial regulatory functions in plant development and stress responses. Through genome-wide analysis, we identified 55 m⁶A modification-regulatory genes in soybean across 19 soybean chromosomes, categorized into writers, readers, and erasers. The promoters of these genes are enriched in light-, phytohormone-, and stress-responsive <i>cis</i>-elements and display diurnal and tissue-specific expression patterns, suggesting multifaceted regulation. Chromatin immunoprecipitation revealed distinct histone modification signatures associated with these genes, including H3K4me3, H3K36me3, and H2A.Z. Protein-protein interaction analysis confirmed the assembly of core GmMTA-GmMTB-GmFIP37 writer components, with GmFIP37 forming homodimers and heterodimers. Evolutionary analysis showed that <i>GmMTBa</i> underwent strong selection pressure with genetic conservation, while <i>GmMTBb</i> experienced selection during domestication, showing an association with flowering and yield traits. Notably, we discovered that GmMTBa, a core subunit of the m⁶A methyltransferase complex, functions as a critical determinant of salinity stress tolerance in soybean, as <i>Gmmtba</i> mutants exhibited pronounced salinity sensitivity. Mechanistically, GmMTBa regulates the m⁶A modification of <i>GmMSH1</i> transcripts, a key suppressor of stress signal transduction. <i>GmMSH1</i> knockdown lines were more tolerant to salinity stress, under which conditions <i>GmMSH1</i> expression was significantly elevated in <i>Gmmtba</i> mutants. These results indicate that GmMTBa influences salinity stress tolerance by modulating <i>MSH1</i>-dependent stress signaling pathways. Our findings reveal an m⁶A-mediated regulatory mechanism in plant stress acclimation and establish GmMTBa as a promising candidate for improving soybean resilience to salinity stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":"7 2","pages":"100046"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13096960/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147788991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The transcription factors GmSTF1 and GmSTF2 promote photosynthesis and lignin biosynthesis in soybean.","authors":"Zhaoqing Song, Fengyue Zhao, Yeting Bian, Jiaxuan Li, Wubin Wang, Dongqing Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.abiote.2026.100043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abiote.2026.100043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Photosynthesis, as the primary biochemical reaction for carbon fixation, provides the carbon skeletons for diverse secondary metabolites in plants. Here, we report that the transcription factors GmSTF1 and GmSTF2 regulate both photosynthesis and lignin biosynthesis in soybean (<i>Glycine max</i>). GmSTF1 and GmSTF2 directly bound to a <i>TGACG</i> motif in the promoter of the photosynthetic gene <i>GmLHCA4</i> and a <i>Z-box</i> element in the promoter of the lignin biosynthetic gene <i>GmCAD1</i>, activating their transcription. Loss-of-function mutants (<i>gmstfs-dm</i>) displayed light-green leaves with reduced chlorophyll levels, photosynthetic rates, soluble sugar contents, and lignin contents. Conversely, transgenic soybean plants overexpressing these genes (<i>GmSTF1-YFP</i> and <i>GmSTF2-YFP</i>) showed enhanced chlorophyll accumulation, photosynthetic efficiency, soluble sugar production, and lignin deposition. Our findings identify GmSTF1 and GmSTF2 as critical regulators of carbon assimilation and lignin production in soybean.</p>","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":"7 2","pages":"100043"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13090516/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147724461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Agrivax: A chemical inducer of plant immunity identified by high-throughput screening.","authors":"Changlong Liu, Qingqiu Shi, Ning Bai, Xuechun Hu, Yajin Ye, Lijuan Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.abiote.2026.100038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abiote.2026.100038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plants possess a multilayered immune system that detects and responds to pathogen invasion through pattern-triggered immunity (PTI) and effector-triggered immunity (ETI). We recently developed a high-throughput screening platform using transgenic <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> expressing the <i>β-glucuronidase</i> (<i>GUS</i>) reporter gene under the control of the promoter of the PTI marker gene <i>FRK1</i> (<i>pFRK1::GUS</i>) to identify chemical inducers of plant immunity. Among the ∼10,000 screened compounds, we identified 10 candidate compounds with the potential to activate <i>FRK1</i> expression. In this study, we focused on one of these small molecules, designated Agrivax, for analysis. Agrivax is a previously unreported small molecule that activates immune signaling. Agrivax induces <i>FRK1</i> expression in a dose-dependent manner, triggers the transient phosphorylation of MAPKs, and enhances resistance against <i>Pseudomonas syringae</i> pv. tomato DC3000 (<i>Pst</i> DC3000). While Agrivax alone did not elicit reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, it synergistically amplified flg22-and chitin-induced ROS bursts and root growth inhibition. Furthermore, Agrivax pretreatment potentiated the ETI-associated hypersensitive response upon challenge with <i>Pst</i> DC3000 carrying <i>AvrRpt2</i>. These findings demonstrate that Agrivax functions as an immune priming chemical to activate immune responses and disease resistance, making it a promising lead compound for developing plant immune inducers and a valuable tool for dissecting immune signaling pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":"7 2","pages":"100038"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13090639/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147724503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jasmonate regulates male sterility in cucumber.","authors":"Haifei Liang, Shengchao Liu, Tongliang Yan, Huan Wang, Jiaming Li, Haidong Chen, Xueyong Yang, Hai Zhou, Suhua Li, Jianbin Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.abiote.2026.100041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.abiote.2026.100041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Male sterility affects various agronomic traits. Although jasmonate (JA) has been shown to influence fertility in several plant species, most research on JA-mediated regulation of fertility has focused on bisexual flowers, leaving the role of this phytohormone in unisexual flowering plants largely unexplored. Cucumber (<i>Cucumis sativus</i>) has unisexual flowers and is an ideal model plant for studying male and female gametophyte development. In this study, we determined that JA regulates male and female flower development as well as male fertility in cucumber. In the JA biosynthesis-deficient mutant <i>Csopr3</i>, both female and male flower petals failed to open properly, anthers showed defective dehiscence, and pollen in male flowers ruptured and was nonviable. MeJA treatment restored normal petal opening and anther dehiscence in <i>Csopr3</i>, and the pollen regained the ability to germinate. Further analysis revealed that <i>CsXTH33</i>, a gene involved in cell-wall structure, negatively regulates stamen fertility in cucumber. Transcriptional regulation assays indicated that CsMYC2 binds to the promoters of <i>CsWRKY45</i> and <i>CsWRKY57</i> and activates their expression. In turn, CsWRKY45 and CsWRKY57 bind to the promoter of <i>CsXTH33</i>, inhibiting its expression and promoting normal stamen development. This study thus reveals the role of JA in cucumber unisexual flower development and deepens our understanding of the mechanisms by which JA regulates plant fertility.</p>","PeriodicalId":53135,"journal":{"name":"aBIOTECH","volume":"7 2","pages":"100041"},"PeriodicalIF":8.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13097014/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147789013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}