Virus Genes最新文献

{"title":"Generation of an infectious cDNA clone of BJ-Swzp-2022, a Group III Isolate of Getah Virus.","authors":"Dongni Kong, Liang Meng, Dan Liu, Jia Wang, Xiaojie Huang, Tianshu Zhai, Yong Deng, Qi Xue, Hongju Wu, Yaqing Mao, Haiwei Wang, Huawei Wu","doi":"10.1007/s11262-026-02219-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11262-026-02219-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Getah virus (GETV), a mosquito-borne arbovirus, possesses many susceptible hosts, including pigs, horses, cattle, and blue foxes. Currently, the biological characteristics and pathogenic mechanisms of GETV remain to be investigated. A GETV, isolated from a contaminated Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus (PRRSV) live vaccine, was designated as BJ-Swzp-2022. Subsequently, the complete genome of the GETV BJ-Swzp-2022 was sequenced to construct a full-length infectious cDNA clone using T7 RNA polymerase. Transfection of BSR T7/5 cells expressing T7 RNA polymerase with this infectious clone resulted in the rescue of GETV, which exhibited replication and replication characteristics similar to those of the parental virus. Establishing this platform would facilitate understanding the pathogenic mechanisms of GETV and developing novel vaccines.</p>","PeriodicalId":51212,"journal":{"name":"Virus Genes","volume":" ","pages":"244-250"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146133672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First detection and genomic characterization of ungulate tetraparvovirus 1 in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) from vietnam.","authors":"Sung-Hyun Moon, Taek Geun Lee, Young-Seung Ko, Dae Sung Yoo, Yeonsu Oh, Ho-Seong Cho","doi":"10.1007/s11262-026-02221-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11262-026-02221-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ungulate tetraparvovirus 1 (UTPV1), or bovine hokovirus, has been described in cattle but remains poorly characterized in Southeast Asia. In this study, we report the first detection and genomic characterization of UTPV1 in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) from Vietnam. Skin swab samples were collected from a buffalo with nodular lesions in northern Vietnam in 2024, and total nucleic acids were subjected to metagenomic sequencing. Analysis of Illumina MiSeq reads revealed the presence of both lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) and UTPV1. The near-complete UTPV1 genome (NIVR-B12-2024) shared 90.7-93.3% nucleotide identity with reference strains but did not cluster with genotypes I or II, instead forming a distinct lineage. Phylogenetic analyses supported its independent position, and recombination detection indicated potential genetic exchange between Asian and South American strains. Several amino acid substitutions were identified in the NS1 protein, suggesting ongoing viral diversification. This study provides the first molecular evidence of UTPV1 in water buffalo and in Vietnam, expanding the recognized host range and geographic distribution of this virus. The findings highlight the value of non-invasive sampling and metagenomic sequencing for livestock surveillance and underscore the need for continued monitoring to evaluate the epidemiological significance and potential health risks of UTPV1 in Southeast Asia.</p>","PeriodicalId":51212,"journal":{"name":"Virus Genes","volume":" ","pages":"212-220"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146144533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genotype-resolved NS5 stability predicts Japanese encephalitis virus fitness.","authors":"Hariprasad Thippeswamy, Varsha Ramesh, Kuralayanapalya Puttahonnappa Suresh, Jagadish Hiremath, Navnath Kamble, Azhahianambi Palavesam, Pinaki Prasad Sengupta","doi":"10.1007/s11262-026-02213-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11262-026-02213-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) remains a major health threat across Asia, yet the contribution of genotype-specific variation in the multifunctional NS5 protein to viral fitness is not fully resolved. This study evaluated how sequence differences among JEV genotypes G1-G5 shape NS5 stability and, in turn, replication potential. A unified in-silico workflow combined physicochemical profiling, residue-level substitution mapping, and atomistic molecular dynamics to compare structural stability and conformational behavior across genotypes, with a focus on substitutions predicted to modulate enzymatic performance. Analyses revealed that G5 NS5 maintains a balanced electrostatic environment and persistent hydrogen-bonding networks, yielding greater structural stability than other genotypes. In contrast, G4 NS5 presented a charge imbalance and reduced stability. Simulations consistently supported the robustness of G5 dynamics, with specific substitutions, including Y65, M59, E182, and T191, contributing to improved packing, favorable local interactions, and putative gains in catalytic efficiency. These molecular attributes align with heightened replication capacity and provide a mechanistic rationale for the recent prominence of G5 strains relative to G1-G4. Comprising together, our results demonstrate that genotype-linked substitutions in NS5 directly influence protein stability, replication efficiency, and adaptive potential. Translationally, prioritizing G5-informed NS5 features may guide the design of small-molecule inhibitors and vaccine antigens with broader protective value.</p>","PeriodicalId":51212,"journal":{"name":"Virus Genes","volume":" ","pages":"233-243"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147272817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VP1 molecular evolution of type 2 immunodeficiency-related vaccine-derived polioviruses (iVDPV2) in a patient with primary immunodeficiency disease (PID).","authors":"Ahmad Nejati, Farshad Khodakhah, Parastoo Soheili, Maryam Yousefi, Yaghoob Mollaei-Kandelous, Maryam Keyvanlou, Mohammad Razaghi, Delaram Yaghoubzadeh, Seyed Mohsen Zahraei, Sussan Mahmoudi, Shohreh Shahmahmoodi","doi":"10.1007/s11262-026-02214-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11262-026-02214-1","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPVs) arising after use of oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) are an important impediment to the polio endgame, particularly in settings with low population immunity or prolonged infections in immunodeficient individuals.If immunocompromised individuals such as patients with primary immunodeficiency (PID) receive OPV, the live attenuated vaccine virus will replicate in their intestinal tract and chronically shed in the stool. Long-term proliferation of the vaccine virus in the enteric cells of the PID patients causes several mutations, which eventually culminates in the emergence of immunodeficiency-associated VDPVs (iVDPVs). Therefore, screening the PID patients for poliovirus excretion is of great importance during the last years of polio eradication.During the above-mentioned screening, Iran National Polio Laboratory detected iVDPV2 in a PID case who was suffering from severe combined immune deficiency (SCID). To meet the World Health Organization (WHO) standards and protocols, the lab received several follow-up stool specimens from the patient to check whether the patient was continuously shedding or cleared the mutated poliovirus, i.e., iVDPV2. All the follow-up specimens were positive for iVDPV2.The aim of this study is to investigate the genomic and amino acid changes in 24 sequential iVDPV2 isolates from the mentioned PID excretor during a 108-month period.Complete sequences of VP1 region of the genome of the isolated iVDPV2 were analyzed. The VP1 was amplified by one-step RT-PCR and the PCR product was purified. Then, the purified PCR product was sequenced using at least 4 sequencing bidirectional primers by Sanger sequencing method. The raw sequences were edited and assembled with Sequencher 5.4.6 software. Finally, after alignment and translation, phylogenetic tree was constructed by comparing to the reference strain, Sabin OPV2, using Geneious Prime software.The result of this study showed that out of 903 nucleotide positions in the VP1, 86 positions had substitutions (85% transition and 15% transversion). The estimated mutation rate was 1.0% per year. In total, 824 mutations were occurred in 108 months. The percentage of ambiguous nucleotide changes ranged from 3 to 70%, indicating high quasi-species diversity in iVDPV2 isolates. Amino acid changes were observed in 19 positions. Significantly, a neuro-pathogenesis single mutation (I143T) was observed in all isolates. Additionally, the last twelve isolates had amino acid changes in the main antigenic site (between residues 94 and 99 of VP1). Phylogenetic tree showed two distinct lineages and four sub-lineages had emerged during the 108-month shedding of the iVDPV2.The results of this study showed that Sabin-like poliovirus vaccines are excreted for an extended period in PID patients and exhibit high genomic variation. These extensive genomic changes can transform the Sabin-like vaccine strain into a neurovirulent form capable of causing paralysis in non","PeriodicalId":51212,"journal":{"name":"Virus Genes","volume":" ","pages":"167-176"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146108428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of seronegative occult hepatitis C infection in blood donors and hospital patients from Argentina.","authors":"Yamila Martín, Kelly Alejandra Ramírez Ladino, Guido López, Estela Outon, Cecilia María Delfino","doi":"10.1007/s11262-026-02223-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11262-026-02223-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>OCI is defined as the presence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA in hepatocytes or peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and the absence of HCV RNA in serum. Two types of OCI are distinguished based on the presence or absence of anti-HCV antibodies: seropositive and seronegative.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to determine the prevalence of seronegative OCI and identify its genotypes in blood donors (BDs) and hospital patients (HPs) from Argentina.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Peripheral blood and serum samples were collected from a total of 177 BDs and HPs. All individuals were non-reactive for HCV markers. The samples were analyzed by RT-nested-PCR. In addition, RT-qPCR was performed only on the serum samples. Other serological tests were conducted in all serum samples, and biochemical markers were realized only in Oci-positive serum samples.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Fifteen samples were OCI-positive by RT-qPCR in PBMCs, with an overall prevalence of 8.5%; it was 3.0% BDs and 11.7% HPs, respectively. Genotypes 2 and 3 were identified in all OCI sequences. None of the serum samples were RNA HCV positive. Moreover, two of the total OCI positive were HIV positive, and one had elevated liver enzyme levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study is being conducted for the first time in Argentina and sets a precedent regarding the presence of seronegative for OCI in these populations. Further research is needed in different populations and with a larger number of samples to understand the true prevalence of OCI in the country.</p>","PeriodicalId":51212,"journal":{"name":"Virus Genes","volume":" ","pages":"259-264"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147291820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of a new closterovirus infecting Ficus carica.","authors":"Juliana Osse de Souza, Alejandro Olmedo-Velarde","doi":"10.1007/s11262-026-02216-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11262-026-02216-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Figs (Ficus carica L.) are economically important worldwide, valued for both fruit production and ornamental purposes. Due to the widespread use of vegetative propagation, diverse viruses have accumulated in fig germplasm. To date, more than 14 viruses have been described associated to fig trees, including eight members of the family Closteroviridae, although their role in the etiology of fig mosaic disease (FMD) is unclear. Characteristic symptoms of FMD include mosaic and chlorotic spots on the leaves, along with deformation of fruits and leaves. Fig mosaic virus (FMV) is the causal agent of FMD, although at least five closteroviruses have also been associated with FMD, with unclear roles. In this study, leaf samples displaying typical FMD symptoms, including yellow mosaic and mottling, were collected from a fig tree in Iowa, United States. Total RNA was extracted and subjected to high-throughput sequencing (HTS). Analysis of HTS data revealed contigs corresponding to FMV and a putative new member of the family Closteroviridae, tentatively named fig virus C (FiVC). Based on the HTS-derived sequence, we obtained the full-length genome of the putative new closterovirus using RT-PCR and RACE. The complete genome is approximately 17.8 kb long with open reading frames consistent with the genomic organization of closteroviruses. Sequence comparisons and phylogenetic analysis of the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, heat shock protein 70-like protein, and capsid protein corroborates that FiVC is a new member of the genus Closterovirus, closely related to other fig-infecting viruses. The discovery of this novel closterovirus in a symptomatic fig tree highlights the need for further studies to clarify the roles of multiple viruses in disease development.</p>","PeriodicalId":51212,"journal":{"name":"Virus Genes","volume":" ","pages":"229-232"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146133540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surveillance reveals a prevalent pediatric A(H1N1)pdm09 virus with hemagglutinin substitutions S137P-R142K-V152I that diminish vaccine efficacy.","authors":"Lifeng Zhao, Jing Wang, Jihong Xu, Jiane Guo, Ping Zhang, Xiaofang Guo, Zhihong Zuo, Ruihong Gao, Li Gao, Jitao Wang","doi":"10.1007/s11262-026-02218-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11262-026-02218-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses pose a significant disease burden on children worldwide, with high rates of hospitalization and substantial morbidity and mortality. Outpatient < 18 years of age with upper respiratory infections (URIs) were enrolled through active surveillance at Shanxi Children's Hospital (SCH) between 7/1/2024 and 6/30/2025. Nasal swabs were collected for the detection of influenza virus and other respiratory pathogens by PCR-based methods. Influenza strains were obtained through in vitro culture, and their antigenic characterization were determined by hemagglutinin-inhibition (HI) assay. Genetic analyses were conducted using next-generation sequencing (NGS), while the fluorescence neuraminidase inhibition assay (FNIA) was employed to ascertain antiviral resistance. A total of 987 throat swab samples were collected. A(H1N1)pdm09 was the main pathogens causing URIs in children during the 2024-2025 influenza season and belongs to the 6B.1A.5a.2a evolutionary branch along with vaccine strains. Four novel HA and six NA non-synonymous substitutions were identified in pH1N1, which are related to antigenic drift and varying degrees of drug resistance, respectively. Three S137P-R142K-V152I-substituted strains were identified as low reactive strains, and strains with T188I, S247N, G249E, I264T, M314I, and K331R substitutions did not demonstrate a significant escalation in drug resistance. Despite the absence of drug-resistant A(H1N1)pdm09 strains in children, the emergence of low-response strains, attributable to mutations associated with antigen drift, necessitates continuous genomic monitoring to ensure preparedness for future seasonal influenza outbreaks.</p>","PeriodicalId":51212,"journal":{"name":"Virus Genes","volume":" ","pages":"190-201"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146114776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular identification and Genogrouping of chicken infectious anaemia virus from commercial layer flocks of Gujarat, India.","authors":"Bhavesh R Pandor, Harshad C Chauhan, Kishan K Sharma, Sandip S Patel, Arun C Patel, Rohit S Parmar, Sushil K Mohapatra, Harsh A Patel, Akash K Thakore","doi":"10.1007/s11262-025-02211-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11262-025-02211-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study was conducted to ascertain the positive incidence, genogrouping, and amino acid variations in the VP1 gene of chicken infectious anaemia virus (CIAV) among layer flocks in Gujarat, India. A single pooled sample was collected from each of the 32 farms visited, all of which had a history and post-mortem lesions suggestive of chicken infectious anaemia (CIA) across five districts of the state. Samples were processed, and CIAV was confirmed by PCR targeting the VP3 gene and genogrouped. In histopathological examination, generalised lymphoid atrophy with prominent lymphocyte depletion was observed in both the cortex and medulla of the thymus and bursa of Fabricius. Out of the total 32 pooled tissue samples, 21 (65.63%) tested positive for the presence of CIAV. The effect of vaccination on disease prevention was found to be nonsignificant, as all five vaccinated flocks (100%) tested positive. Upon phylogenetic analysis, these isolates were found to be virulent and of genogroup IIIb (sub-clade G-II-b of clade G-II), but distant to strains of genogroup IIIa and II. The notable amino acid difference of C149M/E was similar to the change reported from South India in 2022. Amino acids were different from IIIa strains at V75I, L125I, K139Q, S287A, and G370S positions, Cux-1 vaccine at V157M, S287T, and G370S, and group I strains at L125I positions. The possession of virulence-determining amino acids, variations from vaccine strains and IIIa field strains, and divergence from other Indian strains might be the cause of escape from vaccinal immunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":51212,"journal":{"name":"Virus Genes","volume":" ","pages":"202-211"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145896891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Establishment of a reverse genetics system for feline panleukopenia virus and feasibility study of a live vector vaccine.","authors":"Zhijie Li, Guangrong Zhao, Zihan Zhao, Hongye Li, Xue Bai","doi":"10.1007/s11262-026-02222-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11262-026-02222-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A reverse genetics system for the feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) strain JL2280 was successfully established in this study. By optimizing the cloning strategy for the terminal hairpin structures, a full-length infectious clone, pFPV, harboring a KpnI genetic marker was constructed. The recombinant virus (rFPV) was successfully rescued in CRFK cells and exhibited replication kinetics, pathogenicity, and morphological characteristics comparable to those of the wild-type virus.To evaluate the potential of FPV as a live vector, a recombinant virus expressing enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP), designated rFPV-EGFP, was generated by inserting a P2A-EGFP cassette downstream of the NS1 gene. The rFPV-EGFP virus mediated efficient EGFP expression in infected cells; however, the fluorescence intensity gradually diminished with serial passages.The reverse genetics platform developed herein provides a valuable tool for investigating the genomic functions, pathogenic mechanisms, and evolution of FPV. Furthermore, the successful rescue of rFPV-EGFP demonstrates the preliminary feasibility of FPV as a live vector for foreign gene expression. Nevertheless, strategies such as optimizing insertion sites or modifying the viral backbone are required to enhance the stability of exogenous protein expression. This study lays the groundwork for the development of novel FPV-based genetically engineered vaccines and antiviral therapeutics.</p>","PeriodicalId":51212,"journal":{"name":"Virus Genes","volume":" ","pages":"221-228"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146167806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic study of miR-148a-3p-mediated AMPK/mTOR/S6-dependent autophagy in hepatitis B virus replication.","authors":"Juan Liu, Yuanji Sheng","doi":"10.1007/s11262-025-02201-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11262-025-02201-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a leading cause of chronic liver disease and liver failure worldwide. Although miR-148a-3p has been implicated in liver pathophysiology, its specific role in HBV replication through autophagy-related signaling pathways is not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the effects of miR-148a-3p on HBV transcription and replication, focusing on its regulation of AMPK/mTOR-dependent autophagy. HepG2.2.15 cells were transfected with miR-148a-3p mimics or inhibitors, with or without the AMPK agonist AICAR. HBV replication markers (pgRNA, HBsAg, HBeAg), autophagy-related proteins (LC3, p62, Beclin-1), and AMPK/mTOR/S6 pathway components were analyzed by Western blotting, ELISA, qRT-PCR, and immunofluorescence. Cell viability was measured using the MTT assay at 12-72-h post-transfection. Overexpression of miR-148a-3p increased pgRNA, HBsAg, and HBeAg production (P < 0.01), enhanced autophagy as indicated by elevated Beclin-1 and LC3-II with reduced p62 (P < 0.01), activated AMPK, and inhibited mTOR and S6 phosphorylation (P < 0.01). In contrast, miR-148a-3p knockdown reduced HBV replication and autophagy, effects that were partially reversed by AICAR treatment (P < 0.01). miR-148a-3p promotes HBV transcription and replication by inducing autophagy via AMPK activation and mTOR/S6 suppression. These findings provide mechanistic insight into HBV pathogenesis and identify miR-148a-3p as a potential therapeutic target for regulating HBV replication and autophagy.</p>","PeriodicalId":51212,"journal":{"name":"Virus Genes","volume":" ","pages":"157-166"},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145907042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}