M. Belguith , S. Eloued , M. Kadi , J. Ben Hadj Slama
{"title":"Development challenges of a one-sided GaN-based high-current density buck converter through multiphysics optimization for electric vehicle applications","authors":"M. Belguith , S. Eloued , M. Kadi , J. Ben Hadj Slama","doi":"10.1016/j.microrel.2025.115792","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microrel.2025.115792","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>GaN's advantages over conventional semiconductors make it an excellent candidate for deployment in the transportation area. This work aims to develop a simple, one-sided DC/DC GaN-based buck converter for manufacturing and prove its feasibility through multiphysics optimization of the chosen topology. To enhance the design, the Ansys “Q3D tool” is employed to estimate parasitic elements, which are subsequently incorporated into an electrical model in the waveform viewer software “LTspice” to evaluate their impact on the switching node signal “Vsw” of the half bridge structure. Next, we will examine the overshoots and ringings by comparing the measured and simulated converter's Vsw and the output signals. We have implemented robust thermal management in this work. Additionally, this study provides an analysis of current density in the layout and heat distribution in the converter circuit. We will present more precise measurement results that align with the simulation in the primary outcomes, showcasing the effectiveness of the converter layout optimization topology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51131,"journal":{"name":"Microelectronics Reliability","volume":"171 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Research on the relative independence of failure mechanisms for mitigating passing word line induced row hammering","authors":"Shanyong Chen, Hanqing Luo, Liping Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.microrel.2025.115813","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microrel.2025.115813","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this article, we investigate the Row Hammering (RH) failure with different n-type doping profiles based on 3D TCAD simulation. We propose a simulation structure called de-electrode structure (DS). By comparing the storage node (SN) capacitance voltage variations in the normal structure and the DS, we obtain the trend of charge change induced by electron migration (EM) and capacitive crosstalk (CC) respectively. The simulation result reveals that the mechanisms responsible for RH failure exhibit distinct contributions across different failure modes. CC is the main mechanism of the one-failure induced by passing word line (PWL), while EM and CC synergistically contribute to the zero-failure induced by PWL. According to the charge calculation results, we find that as the bit line (BL) junction depth <em>D</em><sub><em>BL</em></sub> increases, EM is continuously enhanced, while CC is suppressed. Therefore, we adjust the physical environment of DRAM cell through the PWL work function (WF) improvement and fluorine (F) implantation. This adjustment makes CC the suppression of is greater than the enhancement of EM. This optimization scheme improves the limitation of <em>D</em><sub><em>BL</em></sub> increase for RH failure suppression, which has important significance for RH failure suppression research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51131,"journal":{"name":"Microelectronics Reliability","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 115813"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144138656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Toscani, M. Stighezza, M. Simonazzi, N. Delmonte, P. Cova, V. Bianchi, I. De Munari
{"title":"Aging modelling of Li-ion battery systems based on accelerated tests","authors":"A. Toscani, M. Stighezza, M. Simonazzi, N. Delmonte, P. Cova, V. Bianchi, I. De Munari","doi":"10.1016/j.microrel.2025.115795","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microrel.2025.115795","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a new equivalent model based on the Arrhenius law in MATLAB/Simulink environment that can be exploited to evaluate the aging of Li-ion batteries. In this work, we show the simulation results obtained using this model. In addition, an automated test bench for multiple Li-ion battery cell characterization and accelerated aging will be presented together with early measurement results for validating the model.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51131,"journal":{"name":"Microelectronics Reliability","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 115795"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Exploring the fracture mechanism of multilayer ceramic capacitors via combined simulation and experiment","authors":"Sen Yang , Qin Xu , Fei Shen , Liao-Liang Ke","doi":"10.1016/j.microrel.2025.115800","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microrel.2025.115800","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a basic component, multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCCs) have been widely used in many engineering fields. Failure caused by printed circuit board flex deserves special attention throughout the entire lifecycle of MLCCs. In this failure pattern, the failure probabilities vary across different types of MLCCs. The initial damage location and the direction of cracking propagation display distinct characteristics. This paper presents the MLCC equivalent model by using homogenization theory in finite element method (FEM), and simulates the flex failure of different types of MLCCs. Three-point bending experiments are conducted to validate the FEM results, revealing the underlying cause of flex cracking. The failure pattern inferred by FEM aligns well with the experiment result, with the maximum error of only 7.56 %, demonstrating the equivalent model's effectiveness. Furthermore, we conduct a sensitivity analysis of geometric parameters, including the length-width ratio, terminal electrode width, stacking height, and solder joint height. Our study reveals the underlying mechanism of MLCC flex failure and identifies the key design factors influencing MLCC reliability. These findings provide valuable insights into the design, application, and enhancement of MLCC reliability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51131,"journal":{"name":"Microelectronics Reliability","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 115800"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M.L. Dedew , S. Lefebvre , T.A. Nguyen , T.L. Le , V. Rustichelli , J. Oliveira , M. Alam , F. Coccetti
{"title":"Dependence between drain current saturation level and short-circuit robustness of p-GaN HEMTs","authors":"M.L. Dedew , S. Lefebvre , T.A. Nguyen , T.L. Le , V. Rustichelli , J. Oliveira , M. Alam , F. Coccetti","doi":"10.1016/j.microrel.2025.115794","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microrel.2025.115794","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work presents an experimental investigation of drain current saturation (I<sub>D−SAT</sub>) effect on short-circuit (SC) robustness of 650 V normally-off gallium nitride (GaN) high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs). SC tests were performed at a drain-source voltage (V<sub>DS</sub>) of 400 V, varying parameters such as gate resistance (R<sub>G</sub>), on-state gate-source voltage (V<sub>GS</sub>), and parasitic source inductance (L<sub>S</sub>) on the device under test (DUT). As expected, variation on maximum of I<sub>D−SAT</sub> (I<sub>D−SAT−max</sub>) was observed by varying these parameters. In single shot destructive SCs, components demonstrated a very high robustness, withstanding SC durations of hundreds of microseconds. However, in repetitive SCs of very short durations, components proved extremely fragile, failing after only a few SC cycles, sometimes as few as two cycles. Results suggest that in repetitive SCs, the failure appears to result from a critical dissipated energy (E<sub>SC</sub>) being exceeded depending on several parameters. This critical E<sub>SC</sub> value also seems to depend on SC pulse width (t<sub>p</sub>). In one-shot destructive SCs, the cause of failure remains unclear, as no critical E<sub>SC</sub> or I<sub>D−SAT−max</sub> threshold was observed. However, it is important to note that, in destructive SCs, a correlation between I<sub>D−SAT−max</sub> and SC withstanding time (SCWT) has been identified.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51131,"journal":{"name":"Microelectronics Reliability","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 115794"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144116650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analytical modeling of CV and I-V characteristics in p-GaN gate HEMTs based on the unified 2DEG density expression","authors":"Lili Zhang, Yanan Yin, Yiwu Qiu, Tao Wang, Pingwei Zhang, Xinjie Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.microrel.2025.115789","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microrel.2025.115789","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work proposes a physics-based analytical model for p-GaN gate high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs), developed through a self-consistent solution of the Schrödinger-Poisson equations. The model explicitly accounts for voltage distribution across the device, focusing on voltage drops across the metal/p-GaN Schottky junction and the AlGaN barrier layer. A comprehensive analysis is conducted to evaluate the impact of several factors on the electrical characteristics of p-GaN gate HEMTs. The investigated factors include the net polarization charge density at the AlGaN/GaN interface, out-diffused Mg acceptor density in the AlGaN barrier, and depletion charge density in the unintentionally doped GaN (UID-GaN) buffer layer. Furthermore, a unified expression for the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) charge density is derived, which is valid across all operation regions. On this basis, expressions for gate capacitance and drain current are developed. The model's credibility is validated by the agreement between modeled and measured <em>C</em><img><em>V</em> and <em>I</em>-<em>V</em> characteristics across three p-GaN gate HEMT samples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51131,"journal":{"name":"Microelectronics Reliability","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 115789"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144106386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shaoman Peng , Haoliang Shan , Ruifan Yang , Yuan Liu , Wanling Deng
{"title":"Modeling total ionizing dose radiation effects in p-type polycrystalline silicon thin film transistors","authors":"Shaoman Peng , Haoliang Shan , Ruifan Yang , Yuan Liu , Wanling Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.microrel.2025.115788","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microrel.2025.115788","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A continuous analytical model is presented for the radiation-induced degradation of p-type polysilicon Thin Film Transistors (TFTs). Drawing upon the analyses of the physical mechanisms encompassing hole trapping in the oxide layer and proton-induced generation of interface traps, a physical-based model is developed to explain the correlations between ionizing radiation doses and the resultant densities of oxide-trapped and interface-trapped charges. The influences of these trapped charges are embedded in the computation of the explicit surface potential. By comparing with the experimental characteristics of devices after gamma-ray irradiation, the validity of the model is verified, thereby ensuring the accurate simulation of the degradation in I-V characteristics of p-type polysilicon TFTs attributable to exposure to ionizing radiation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51131,"journal":{"name":"Microelectronics Reliability","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 115788"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144090506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xianghe Fu , Shuwen Guo , Wenbo Peng , Xiaolong Zhao , Quanzhe Zhu , Yongning He
{"title":"The impact of 10 MeV electron irradiation on switching characteristics of SiC MOSFET devices","authors":"Xianghe Fu , Shuwen Guo , Wenbo Peng , Xiaolong Zhao , Quanzhe Zhu , Yongning He","doi":"10.1016/j.microrel.2025.115778","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microrel.2025.115778","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rigorous requirements of applications such as deep space exploration, nuclear power plants, and nuclear submarines, pose stringent demands on the radiation resistance of power devices. SiC exhibits excellent radiation resistance compared to Si, while the application of SiC power devices in electron radiation environments still requires further theoretical and experimental refinement. In particular, there is a lack of research on the impact of electron radiation on the switching characteristics of SiC power devices. In this work, we studied the electron radiation effects on the dynamic and static characteristics of SiC VDMOSFET via theoretical modeling, simulation analysis, and 10 MeV irradiation experiments. We further analyzed their radiation damage mechanisms, especially for the damage on the gate structure and drift region. Radiation-induced damage to the gate oxide is the main cause of changes in device characteristics. The experimental results demonstrate a nonlinear correlation between the radiation dose and the threshold voltage of SiC MOSFET devices. With the increase in radiation dose, the switching-on delay time and switching-off voltage/current change rate of the devices decrease, while the switching-off delay time and switching-on voltage/current change rate increase. Consequently, there is a reduction in switching-on losses and an increase in switching-off losses, which affect the thermal generation during the switching process of the device. We also conducted a comparative analysis with Si MOSFET devices. The dynamic and static characteristics of SiC MOSFET devices are found to be less affected by radiation compared to Si MOSFET devices, exhibiting superior radiation resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51131,"journal":{"name":"Microelectronics Reliability","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 115778"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144084547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Performance characterization of lithium-ion battery and aging under constant stress conditions at low temperature","authors":"O. Rafik, A. Capitaine, O. Briat, J.-M. Vinassa","doi":"10.1016/j.microrel.2025.115785","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microrel.2025.115785","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper presents a comparison on cycling strategies conducted on an experimental study on an NMC lithium-ion battery. The investigation focused on examining the capacity degradation on batteries subjected to two cycling protocols, conducted at an ambient temperature of 0 °C and stress factors that depend on actual capacity instead of nominal capacity. The capacity losses were evaluated post-cycling, revealing a degradation of 28.63 % and 25.5 % for cells subjected to Protocol 1, whereas cells cycled under Protocol 2 exhibited lower capacity losses of 21.58 % and 20.73 %.This paper also presents the impact of the discharging current and the depth of discharge on capacity utilization to support the development of optimized cycling protocols for practical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51131,"journal":{"name":"Microelectronics Reliability","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 115785"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144071854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Cavaliere , N. Modolo , C. De Santi , G. Meneghesso , E. Zanoni , M. Meneghini
{"title":"Ultra-fast recovery transients in GaN MIS-HEMT submitted to OFF-state stress","authors":"A. Cavaliere , N. Modolo , C. De Santi , G. Meneghesso , E. Zanoni , M. Meneghini","doi":"10.1016/j.microrel.2025.115790","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.microrel.2025.115790","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We investigate the degradation induced by an OFF state stress condition in normally-on (NON) MIS-HEMTs for power applications. The state of the devices was tracked by considering the shift in the threshold voltage value over time during the stress and the following recovery phase by means of a custom setup. During the transition between stress and recovery, we observed an immediate partial recovery of the V<sub>TH</sub> (70 %) that occurs in <10 μs, while the remaining V<sub>TH</sub> is recovered in about 100 s.</div><div>With a dedicated analysis, we managed to investigate this ultra-fast recovery transient for the first time, and we observed that the recombination of electrons from 2DEG with ionized donors is responsible for this dynamic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51131,"journal":{"name":"Microelectronics Reliability","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 115790"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144069977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}