Materials Science & Engineering C-Materials for Biological Applications最新文献

{"title":"Gelatin/starch hydrogel tissue adhesive loaded with EGCG-Zr complex with antibacterial, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties for advanced wound healing","authors":"Yahui Xie ,&nbsp;Yun Liu ,&nbsp;Haibo Zhao ,&nbsp;Xuemin Kang ,&nbsp;Haiteng Tao ,&nbsp;Bin Yu ,&nbsp;Bo Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214769","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214769","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Surgical suture techniques are commonly used for hemostasis and wound closure, but they often fail to achieve optimal results, particularly in post-laceration hemostasis and healing. Furthermore, complications such as bacterial infections, oxidative stress, and inflammation often worsen the initial wound, leading to secondary damage. In this study, a novel tissue adhesive was developed by integrating a natural epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and zirconium ion (Zr) chelate complex (EGCG-Zr) into a gelatin/starch hydrogel (GDSH). The resulting multifunctional tissue adhesive (EGCG-Zr@GDSH) exhibits excellent injectability, superior adhesion strength compared with commercial protein fiber-based tissue adhesives, and cytocompatibility. The hydrogel enables the sustained release of EGCG and Zr, providing effective antibacterial effects. <em>In vivo</em> histological analysis of an incision wound model revealed that EGCG-Zr@GDSH promotes angiogenesis and collagen deposition, scavenges reactive oxygen species, restores intracellular redox balance, and mitigates oxidative stress-induced cellular damage. Moreover, it regulates M1 macrophage polarization, thereby reducing the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and alleviating inflammation. This hydrogel possesses antioxidant and immunomodulatory properties, indicating its application potential as a tissue adhesive and highlighting the importance of immune regulation in tissue repair and regeneration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51111,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science & Engineering C-Materials for Biological Applications","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 214769"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tunable gelatin-based semi-IPN adhesive hydrogel for enhanced self-healing and hemostatic performance","authors":"Ghazal Yaghoubi,&nbsp;Mahshid Kharaziha,&nbsp;Mehran Nahvi","doi":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214708","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214708","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Herein, we report semi-interpenetrating polymer network (semi-IPN) hydrogels composed of gelatin conjugated with oxidized caffeic acid and L-arginine (L-Arg), and various concentrations of acrylamide (6, 12, and 24 wt%). The resulting semi-IPN hydrogels (A-GelCA-A) provide covalent and dynamic reversible bonding, enabling tunable mechanical performances, self-healing ability, and biological activity. Among all formulations, A-GelCA-A hydrogel containing 12% acrylamide (A-GelCA-12 A), shows the optimized characteristics, including superior strength (4.9 ± 0.1 MPa), appropriate toughness (19.6 ± 2.2 kJ/m³), and viscoelastic stability. This hydrogel also exhibits self-healing ability and strong tissue adhesion (430 ± 20 kPa). Hemostatic evaluations reveal rapid clotting, minimal hemolysis (&lt;5%), and reduced blood loss, attributed to the synergistic role of catechol and guanidinium groups. In vitro and in vivo studies also confirm that A-GelCA-A hydrogels are cytocompatible and could accelerate the wound healing process. These findings suggest that A-GelCA-12 A has the potential for use as a hemostatic adhesive for wound healing applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51111,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science & Engineering C-Materials for Biological Applications","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 214708"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Twin-induced strengthening biodegradable ZnMg alloys for the orthopedic implants","authors":"Li He ,&nbsp;Jiawei Cai ,&nbsp;Yifan Wang ,&nbsp;Yuanhua Zhang ,&nbsp;Lanxin Xiao ,&nbsp;Zhigang Chen ,&nbsp;Weijian Chen ,&nbsp;Hui Yu ,&nbsp;Xiaochuan Li ,&nbsp;Qingshun Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaofei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214772","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214772","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biodegradable zinc (Zn) has limitations in the orthopedic conditions due to its low mechanical strength. Alloying with magnesium (Mg) and thermomechanical process are effective ways to overcome the limitations. This work demonstrates that the average grain size decreases from 10.4 μm in the as-extruded Zn-0.2 Mg alloys to the lowest value of 3.2 μm after multi-directional compression (MDC) for 18 passes. A notable increase in twin boundary density was observed in the MDC-treated samples, reaching a peak of 53.52%. During processing, dislocation density initially rose and subsequently declined. The refinement of grains and the proliferation of twin boundaries were key factors enhancing the alloy's strength. The as-extruded sample exhibited a tensile strength of 309 MPa and an elongation of 27.8%. Following MDC, strength increased to 408 MPa for both 12p and 18p samples, while peak elongation reached 30.6%. Regarding corrosion behavior, corrosion rates slightly decreased from 0.174 mm/year in the as-extruded condition to 0.139 mm/year after 12p-MDC, a result associated with the formation of stable corrosion films that suppressed localized attack. Furthermore, alloy extracts promoted high cell viability over extended culture durations or under one-fold dilution. Compared to bioinert titanium, the Zn alloy extracts also demonstrated enhanced in vitro osteogenic potential. The in-vivo experiments also demonstrate the formation of more new bone around biodegradable implants. Collectively, these findings suggest a promising route to boost mechanical strength in biodegradable Zn alloys, supporting their potential use in orthopedic implant applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51111,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science & Engineering C-Materials for Biological Applications","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 214772"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D-printed GelMA-Fe-GQD magneto-hydrogel as a smart platform for triple-negative breast cancer hyperthermia","authors":"Mohammad Suhaan Dar ,&nbsp;Niroj Kumar Sahu","doi":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214735","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214735","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Designing multifunctional hydrogels that combine structural tunability with therapeutic responsiveness remains a key challenge in translational cancer nanomedicine. Here, we report the development of a GelMA–Fe–GQDs nanocomposite hydrogel engineered for 3D bioprintability and magnetically triggered hyperthermia. Physicochemical characterization confirmed controlled swelling (310 ± 28%) and enzymatic stability, with rheological testing revealing reinforced viscoelasticity and partial recovery (∼17.2 ± 6%) after high-strain disruption. The hydrogel exhibited ideal printability, producing stable filaments and droplets with consistent deposition fidelity. Under an alternating magnetic field (AMF) 313 kHz, ∼18 kA·m⁻¹, GelMA–Fe–GQDs hydrogels exhibited concentration-dependent heating, surpassing the therapeutic hyperthermia threshold (&gt;42 °C) within 10 min at 1–2 mg·mL⁻¹, with a calculated specific absorption rate (SAR) of ∼175 W·g⁻¹ of Fe₃O₄. Thermal imaging confirmed uniform and localized heating within composite-containing regions. <em>In vitro</em> assays with triple negative breast cancer cells (TNBC) revealed high initial viability in both 2D and 3D cultures, with effective thermal ablation observed upon AMF exposure, validating the cytotoxic efficacy of magnetically induced heating. Collectively, these results establish GelMA–Fe–GQDs hydrogel as a printable, mechanically tunable, and magneto-responsive platform with potential for integration into 3D tumor models and localized cancer hyperthermia therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51111,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science & Engineering C-Materials for Biological Applications","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 214735"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146133588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advances in plant polyphenol-based adhesive hydrogels for biomedical applications","authors":"Yajun Chen ,&nbsp;Xue Guo ,&nbsp;Yuxin Zhang ,&nbsp;Zhenming Yang ,&nbsp;Jinmin Meng ,&nbsp;Peiying Li ,&nbsp;Yeyan Ni ,&nbsp;Zijuan Huang ,&nbsp;Huiying Wu ,&nbsp;Qufu Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214757","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214757","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Plant polyphenol-based hydrogels have gained widespread attention due to their unique and outstanding properties such as adhesion, antibacterial, self-healing and biocompatibility. The adhesion performance of these hydrogels can be systematically engineered to meet specific requirements, demonstrating significant potential in biomedical applications. This review initially explores the design strategies of hydrogels derived from different plant polyphenols. Subsequently, the multiple adhesive properties imparted by diverse design strategies, including dry adhesion, underwater adhesion, switchable adhesion, specific adhesion and asymmetrical adhesion are discussed. In addition, biomedical applications of plant polyphenol-based adhesive hydrogels, focusing on wound dressings, therapeutic drug delivery, cartilage tissue scaffolds and wearable electronics are summarized. In the end, remaining challenges and outline prospects for future research are discussed. It is hoped that this review can provide new innovation into the development of plant polyphenol-based adhesive hydrogels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51111,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science & Engineering C-Materials for Biological Applications","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 214757"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146138147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in β-titanium alloys for safer and greener biomedical implants","authors":"Dulexy Solano-Orrala ,&nbsp;Eliana Díaz-Cruces ,&nbsp;Jorge Troconis ,&nbsp;Ezequiel Zamora-Ledezma ,&nbsp;Joan Manuel Rodríguez-Díaz ,&nbsp;Madalina Simona Baltatu ,&nbsp;Andrei Victor Sandu ,&nbsp;Javier Hermoso-Gil ,&nbsp;Frank Alexis ,&nbsp;Petrica Vizureanu ,&nbsp;Camilo Zamora-Ledezma","doi":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214755","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214755","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the biomedical field, titanium alloys have long been preferred for orthopedic and dental devices due to their excellent biocompatibility and mechanical strength, making them suitable for long-term implantation. However, recent findings indicate that certain alloying elements, such as vanadium, cobalt, and copper, may pose cytotoxic risks when present at higher concentrations or under specific conditions. As a response to these concerns, current research is focused on developing titanium alloys that feature a lower elastic modulus and improved compatibility with bone elasticity. It also aims to exclude potentially cytotoxic elements and incorporate advanced surface modifications, thereby providing effective solutions to these challenges. Based on these identified needs this review highlights the latest advancements in the design of β-Ti alloys through safer and greener methods. It places particular emphasis on pre-clinical in vitro and in vivo studies that evaluate the safety and performance of implants. Additionally, discusses the potential of artificial intelligence and computational methods for predicting and optimizing alloy properties. Unlike previous reviews that focus mainly on microstructure, mechanical behavior or specific clinical niches, this review includes alloy design and processing with pre-clinical evidence, regulatory and intellectual-property dimensions, and life-cycle and sustainability assessments. By linking β-Ti alloy development to circular-economy strategies, biodegradable metallic alternatives and emerging machine-learning tools for alloy prediction, the review provides a framework for the clinical translation of safer and greener titanium implants, offering a complete overview of the critical factors influencing the future development of titanium alloy implants for biomedical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51111,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science & Engineering C-Materials for Biological Applications","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 214755"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146167817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A neutrophil membrane-biomimetic drug delivery system enhances the antifungal and anti-inflammatory efficacy of natamycin for fungal keratitis","authors":"Zhenglu Tong ,&nbsp;Huijin Duan ,&nbsp;Lina Zhang,&nbsp;Zhaoyang Zhang,&nbsp;Yutian Qu,&nbsp;Luwen Hu,&nbsp;Xiangning Chen,&nbsp;Xiaodi Han,&nbsp;Xing Liu,&nbsp;Jing Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214761","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214761","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fungal keratitis (FK) is a potentially blinding infectious corneal disease. The invasion of fungi into corneal tissue and the resulting inflammatory response primarily drive the rapid corneal damage. Although natamycin (NAT) is the first-line treatment for FK, its clinical efficacy faces challenges due to several drawbacks, including poor anti-inflammatory effects, low water solubility, frequent dosing requirements, and considerable ocular surface irritation. In our study, we aimed to develop a novel neutrophil membrane-biomimetic drug delivery system to solve these challenges of NAT and and enhance its antifungal and anti-inflammatory efficacy in FK. The neutrophil membranes from β-glucan-stimulated (βNM) cells were used to construct a novel biomimetic delivery system termed G-NAT@βNM by encapsulating NAT-loaded gelatin nanoparticles (G-NAT). The novel G-NAT@βNM system exhibited enhanced ability to inhibit <em>Aspergillus fumigatus</em> (<em>A. fumigatus)</em> growth, disrupted fungal cell walls and membranes, and markedly reduced spore adhesion and biofilm formation. <em>In vivo</em>, G-NAT@βNM more substantially alleviated corneal lesions, reduced fungal load, limited inflammatory cell infiltration, and suppressed key inflammatory cytokines. G-NAT@βNM also significantly decreased inflammatory cytokine levels stimulated by <em>A. fumigatus in vitro</em>, confirming its anti-inflammatory activity. These findings indicate that the neutrophil membrane-biomimetic drug delivery system (G-NAT@βNM) offers an innovative and effective therapeutic system for FK.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51111,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science & Engineering C-Materials for Biological Applications","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 214761"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146167697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of collagen from marine origin for bone tissue regeneration in preclinical in vivo studies: a systematic review and quality evaluation","authors":"Mario García-González ,&nbsp;Francisco Vidal-Negreira ,&nbsp;Antonio González-Cantalapiedra ,&nbsp;Rui L. Reis ,&nbsp;Tiago H. Silva","doi":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214753","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214753","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rising demand for safe and effective alternatives for bone regeneration has spurred extensive research into biomaterials derived from marine collagen. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the feasibility of marine collagen-based compounds and derived constructs for bone regeneration in <em>in vivo</em> preclinical models while critically assessing the methodological quality of the included studies. The review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines, utilizing the PICO framework to delineate the scope and research focus. After applying predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, a comprehensive search across multiple databases identified 15 eligible studies. Methodological quality was appraised using the ARRIVE 2.0 guidelines, and the risk of bias was weighed through the SYRCLE tool. The selected studies evaluated collagens derived from fish and marine sponges, which were processed into scaffolds, membranes, and hydrogels. These biomaterials exhibited notable biocompatibility, osteoconductivity, and efficacy in promoting new bone formation. Furthermore, synergistic combinations with hydroxyapatite, chitosan, and growth factors such as BMP-2 significantly enhanced their regenerative capacity. However, several critical shortcomings were observed in experimental designs, including inadequate randomization, absence of blinding, and insufficient reporting of animal handling protocols. These limitations raise concerns regarding reproducibility and the overall validity of the findings. In conclusion, marine collagen-based biomaterials hold significant potential for bone regeneration applications. Nevertheless, achieving greater standardization and methodological rigor in preclinical research is paramount to ensuring their successful clinical translation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51111,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science & Engineering C-Materials for Biological Applications","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 214753"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146121117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Micelle-integrated hydrogel combined with pH-response boosts eye burns therapy by inhibiting neovascularization, regulating inflammation and bacteriostasis","authors":"Yahong Li ,&nbsp;Xinyuan Wang ,&nbsp;Meina Wu ,&nbsp;Jieying Ren ,&nbsp;Yanan Wang ,&nbsp;Chaochao Wen ,&nbsp;Xia Sen ,&nbsp;Qingjun Tian ,&nbsp;Yijie Wang ,&nbsp;Yumeng Guo ,&nbsp;Jian Xue ,&nbsp;Yajian Duan ,&nbsp;Tao Gong ,&nbsp;Baofeng Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214732","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214732","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Corneal neovascularization (CNV) is a sight-threatening pathological process that poses the challenge of controlling inflammation, preventing infection, and thereby inhibiting angiogenesis. To address this, we developed a novel pH-responsive smart micelle-integrated hydrogel, termed LEV@DG-HPMC. This system is composed of a three-dimensional network formed by dipotassium glycyrrhizinate (DG) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) for the delivery of levofloxacin (LEV). The hydrogel network is formed by physical cross-linking. Within this system, LEV provides potent antibacterial activity, while DG contributes inherent anti-inflammatory properties. The LEV@DG-HPMC hydrogel demonstrated excellent biocompatibility and significantly prolonged ocular surface retention. Its unique pH-responsive drug release profile closely matched the temporal pH changes in the pathological microenvironment post-alkali injury. Crucially, the hydrogel exhibited synergistic therapeutic effects, combining potent antibacterial activity with the ability to significantly downregulate key inflammatory cytokines and suppress pro-angiogenic factors, such as such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, nuclear factor-κB, vascular endothelial growth factor A, matrix metalloproteinase-9. Consequently, it effectively inhibited CNV progression, reduced corneal opacity, and promoted corneal repair. This multifunctional smart hydrogel represents a highly promising strategy for the treatment of CNV.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51111,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science & Engineering C-Materials for Biological Applications","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 214732"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146127378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A self-setting magnesium phosphate bone putty for effective hemostasis and osteogenesis in bleeding bone defect","authors":"Yinan Wang ,&nbsp;Ziyang Liu ,&nbsp;Xiaoxuan Wu ,&nbsp;Lei Zhang ,&nbsp;Jinwen Wang ,&nbsp;Yiran Zhao ,&nbsp;Lijun Fan ,&nbsp;Yiming Sun ,&nbsp;Lu Lv ,&nbsp;Zhen Yang ,&nbsp;Huan Zhou ,&nbsp;Lei Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214740","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bioadv.2026.214740","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intraoperative bleeding associated with bone defects often impairs surgical outcomes. Traditional hemostatic bone wax acts as a passive, non-degradable barrier, whose biological inertness typically triggers inflammation and hinders bone regeneration. To overcome the limitations of bioinert bone wax, absorbable alternatives composed of bioceramic particles and absorbable polymer matrices have been attempted. However, in clinical practice such as endoscopic orthopedic procedures, the applied hemostatic agent needs to resist washout in dynamic aqueous environments, adhere firmly to bleeding bone surfaces, and form an in situ physical matrix for dual hemostatic and osteogenic functions. To address this need, we prepared a self-setting, fluid-resistant composite candidate: magnesium phosphate–based bone putty (MPP). This material is formulated with magnesium oxide (MgO) and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate (K₂HPO₄) dispersed in a pregelatinized starch-polyethylene glycol (PEG) matrix. MPP can undergo rapid acid–base reactions in aqueous environments to form a magnesium phosphate matrix in situ, which converts the putty-like paste into a bone-like solid in the bleeding area. In vitro tests such as underwater adhesion, liquid sealing, hemocompatibility, and cytocompatibility verified the prospects of MPP in dynamic aqueous environments. Moreover, the as-formed matrix degraded gradually, with mass loss increasing from 22.44 ± 1.97% on day 1 to 34.52 ± 2.55% on day 7. Besides, MPP exhibited stronger coagulation activation than bone wax, along with a low hemolysis rate of 3.24 ± 1.36% and enhanced osteoblast adhesion, proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expression. In vivo rat models further confirmed that MPP outperformed commercial bone wax in intraoperative hemostasis and postoperative bone regeneration. Ultimately, MPP is highlighted for its immediate bleeding control and sustained osteogenesis, capable of serving as a promising orthopedic hemostatic agent for clinical applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51111,"journal":{"name":"Materials Science & Engineering C-Materials for Biological Applications","volume":"183 ","pages":"Article 214740"},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146101103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}