Carbon Letters最新文献

{"title":"Noble metals functionalized reduced graphene oxide as an efficient optical limiter: a combined experimental and theoretical investigation","authors":"M. Saravanan,&nbsp;Manikandan Kandasamy,&nbsp;K. Suresh,&nbsp;Brahmananda Chakraborty,&nbsp;Sajan D. George,&nbsp;T. C. Sabari Girisun,&nbsp;I. Vetha Potheher,&nbsp;V. Parthasarathy","doi":"10.1007/s42823-024-00732-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-024-00732-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Copper, silver, and gold-reduced graphene oxide nanocomposite (Cu-rGO, Ag-rGO, and Au-rGO) were fabricated via the hydrothermal method, which shows unique physiochemical properties. Environment friendly electromagnetic radiation was employed to synthesize rGO from GO. The nonlinear optical phenomenon of noble metal decorated rGO is predominantly due to excited state absorption, which arises from surface plasmon resonance and increases in defects at the surface due to Cu, Ag, and Au incorporation. It is found that the third-order nonlinear absorption coefficient was in the order of 10⁻¹⁰ m/W, with notable enhancements in the third-order properties of Au-rGO compared to other nanocomposites and their respective counterparts. Functionalizing rGO induces defect states (sp³), increasing NLO response. Cu, Ag, and Au exhibit higher Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) activity due to rGO-induced structural modifications. SERS signals are influenced by dominant signals from Au nanorods. The electronic structures for pure and doped rGO were investigated through Density Functional Theory (DFT). The computed partial density of states (PDOS) confirms the enhancement of the state in Au-doped rGO is due to the charge transference from Au to C 2<i>p</i> orbital. The optical absorption spectra and PDOS reveal the possibility of free carrier absorption enhancement in Au which validates experimentally observed higher two-photon absorption (β) value of Au-doped rGO. The tuning of nonlinear optical and SERS behaviour with variation in the noble metal upon rGO provides an easy way to attain tuneable properties which are exceedingly required in both optoelectronics and photonics applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"34 6","pages":"1817 - 1831"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140812308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coagulation engineering of surfactant-based wet spinning of carbon nanotube fibers","authors":"Yun Ho Jeong,&nbsp;Jaegyun Im,&nbsp;Dong-Myeong Lee,&nbsp;Min Chan Kim,&nbsp;Daehan Oh,&nbsp;Jeonghyeon Son,&nbsp;Seunggyu Park,&nbsp;Kyu Hyun,&nbsp;Beomjin Jeong,&nbsp;Jaegeun Lee","doi":"10.1007/s42823-024-00735-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-024-00735-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>One of the key challenges for the commercialization of carbon nanotube fibers (CNTFs) is their large-scale economic production. Among CNTF spinning methods, surfactant-based wet spinning is one of the promising techniques for mass producing CNTFs. Here, we investigated how the coagulation bath composition affects the spinnability and the properties of CNTFs in surfactant-based wet spinning. We used acetone, DMAc, ethanol, and IPA as coagulants and analyzed the relationship between coagulation bath composition and the properties of CNTFs in terms of kinetic and thermodynamic coagulation parameters. From a kinetic perspective, we found that a low mass transfer rate difference (MTRD) is favorable for wet spinning. Based on this finding, we mixed the coagulant bath with solvent in a proper ratio to reduce the MTRD, which generally improved the wet spinning. We also showed that the coagulation strength, a thermodynamic parameter, should be considered. We believe that our research can contribute to establishment of surfactant-based wet spinning of CNTFs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"34 6","pages":"1803 - 1815"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140656500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon aerogel supported Ni–Fe catalysts for superior oxygen evolution reaction activity","authors":"Muhammad Asim,&nbsp;Akbar Hussain,&nbsp;Meryem Samancı,&nbsp;Naveed Kausar Janjua,&nbsp;Ayşe Bayrakçeken","doi":"10.1007/s42823-024-00730-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-024-00730-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Electrochemical water splitting presents an optimal approach for generating hydrogen (H₂), a highly promising alternative energy source. Nevertheless, the slow kinetics of the electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and the exorbitant cost, limited availability, and susceptibility to oxidation of noble metal-based electrocatalysts have compelled scientists to investigate cost-effective and efficient electrocatalysts. Bimetallic nanostructured materials have been demonstrated to exhibit improved catalytic performances for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Herein, we report carbon aerogel (CA) decorated with different molar ratios of Fe and Ni with enhanced OER activity. Microwave irradiation was involved as a novel strategy during the synthesis process. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDAX spectra and EDAX mapping), Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM), High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HR-TEM), and Selected Area Electron Diffraction (SAED) were used for physical characterizations of as-prepared material. Electrochemical potential towards OER was examined through cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The FeNi/CA with optimized molar ratios exhibits low overpotential 377 mV at 10 mAcm⁻², smaller Tafel slope (94.5 mV dec⁻¹), and high turnover frequency (1.09 s⁻¹ at 300 mV). Other electrocatalytic parameters were also calculated and compared with previously reported OER catalysts. Additionally, chronoamperometric studies confirmed excellent electrochemical stability, as the OER activity shows minimal change even after a stability test lasting 3600 s. Moreover, the bimetallic (Fe and Ni) carbon aerogel exhibits faster catalytic kinetics and higher conductivity than the monometallic (Fe), which was observed through EIS investigation. This research opens up possibilities for utilizing bi- or multi-metallic anchored carbon aerogel with high conductivities and exceptional electrocatalytic performances in electrochemical energy conversion.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"34 6","pages":"1779 - 1801"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42823-024-00730-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140661482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-introduction of oxygen vacancies and cocatalysts into protonic titanate derived TiO2 nanoparticles for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen production","authors":"Xiao Liu,&nbsp;Shuo Li,&nbsp;Liangliang Li,&nbsp;Gang Cheng","doi":"10.1007/s42823-024-00731-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-024-00731-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Photocatalytically splitting water into hydrogen upon semiconductors has tremendous potential for alleviating environmental and energy crisis issues. There is increasing attention on improving solar light utilization and engineering photogenerated charge transfer of TiO₂ photocatalyst because it has advantages of low cost, non-toxicity, and high chemical stability. Herein, oxygen vacancies and cocatalysts (Cu and MoS₂) were simultaneously introduced into TiO₂ nanoparticles from protonic titanate by a one-pot solvothermal method. The composition and structure characterization confirmed that the pristine TiO₂ nanoparticle was rich in oxygen vacancies. The photocatalytic performances of the composites were evaluated by solar-to-hydrogen evolution test. The results revealed that both Cu-TiO₂ and MoS₂-TiO₂ could improve the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution ability. Among them, 0.8% Cu-TiO₂ showed the best hydrogen evolution rate of 7245.01 μmol·g⁻¹·h⁻¹, which was 3.57 and 1.34 times of 1.25% MoS₂-TiO₂ (2726.22 μmol·g⁻¹·h⁻¹) and pristine TiO₂ material (2028.46 μmol·g⁻¹·h⁻¹), respectively. These two kinds of composites also had good stability for hydrogen evolution. Combined with the results of photocurrent density and electrochemical impedance spectra, the incorporation of oxygen vacancies and cocatalysts (Cu and MoS₂) could not only enhance the light-harvesting of TiO₂ but also improve the separation and transfer capabilities of light-induced charge carriers, thus promoting water splitting to hydrogen.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"34 6","pages":"1765 - 1778"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140672124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation of high specific surface area activated carbon using residual oil and waste PET","authors":"Jin Chan Park,&nbsp;Dong Min Kim,&nbsp;Jong Dae Lee","doi":"10.1007/s42823-024-00734-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-024-00734-0","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The study investigated a method of synthesizing a pitch suitable for making activated carbon using fluid catalytic cracking-decant oil (FCC-DO), a high-purity carbon precursor from oil refining. We kept the reaction time and catalyst amount constant while varying the temperature to investigate its impact on pitch synthesis and the resulting physical and activation properties. Previous research established that materials added during pitch synthesis can affect the properties of both the pitch and resulting activated carbon. This study examined the addition of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) to FCC-DO-based pitch. The results indicated significant changes in properties with PET addition and temperature variation that ensured stable activated carbon quality. At temperatures of 390 °C or higher, the specific surface area of the activated carbon stabilized between 2680 and 2740 m²/g. Waste PET, a recyclable plastic, was chosen due to its compatibility and thermodynamic suitability for pitch synthesis. Importantly, adding PET didn't generate additional waste or degrade the physical properties of the activated carbon.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"34 7","pages":"1941 - 1947"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140625026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanism in pH effects of electrochemical reactions: a mini-review","authors":"Sibei Liu,&nbsp;Zhuowen Wang,&nbsp;Shan Qiu,&nbsp;Fengxia Deng","doi":"10.1007/s42823-024-00724-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-024-00724-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>pH plays a pivotal role in influencing various aspects of proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) reactions in electrochemical systems. These reactions are affected by pH in terms of mass transport, electrochemical double layer (EDL) structure, and surface adsorption energy, all of which impact the overall electrochemical processes. This review article aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the research progress made in elucidating the effects of pH on different electrochemical reactions, the hydrogen evolution reaction/hydrogen oxidation reaction (HER/HOR), oxygen reduction reaction/oxygen evolution reaction (ORR/OER), and carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO₂RR). To embark on this endeavor, we have conducted a bibliometric analysis to clearly outline of the research trends and advancements in the field concerning the pH effects. Subsequently, we present a systematic overview of the mechanisms governing these reactions, with a special focus on pH’s influence on both the proton and electron aspects. We conclude by discussing the current challenges in this area and suggesting future research avenues that could further our understanding of pH's role in electrochemical reactions.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"34 5","pages":"1269 - 1286"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42823-024-00724-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140625181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The modification of nano-activated carbon used to construct particle electrodes and its application in degradation of nitrosodiethylamine","authors":"Liyan Ma,&nbsp;Fengyi Sun,&nbsp;Zhuwu Jiang,&nbsp;Hongcheng Di,&nbsp;Chuntao Pan,&nbsp;Fengying Zhang,&nbsp;Xue Bai,&nbsp;Hongyu Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s42823-024-00728-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-024-00728-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Activated carbon has broad application prospects for treating pollutants due to its easy availability, low cost and good adsorption. In our work, nano-activated carbons (NAC) with abundant functional groups are obtained by the oxidation modification of HNO₃, (NH₄)₂S₂O₈, and KMnO₄, which are used to construct the particle electrodes to degrade NDEA in a continuous flow electrochemical reactor, and the influence of relevant factors on the performance of NDEA removal is discussed. The experimental data show that the optimal degradation efficiency is 42.55% at the conditions of 3 mL/min influent water flow, 0.21 M electrolyte concentration, 10 mA/cm² current density, and 10 μg/mL initial NDEA concentration. The degradation of NDEA conforms to a quasi second order kinetic equation. The electrocatalytic mechanism of NAC electrodes for removing NDEA is firstly discussed. The effects of different free radicals on the degradation of NDEA are also demonstrated through free radical quenching experiments, indicating that the degradation of NDEA is dominated by ⋅OH. The degradation pathway of NDEA and final products are obtained using GC–MS. NAC particle electrodes as the cheap and efficient electrocatalyst in continuous flow electrochemical reactor system provide a greener solution for the removal of disinfection by-products from drinking water.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"34 7","pages":"1927 - 1939"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140625208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ZIF67-derived ultrafine Co9S8 nanoparticles embedded in nitrogen-doped hollow carbon nanocages for enhanced performances of trifunctional ORR/OER/HER and overall water splitting","authors":"Quoc Hao Nguyen,&nbsp;Kyungmin Im,&nbsp;Thach N. Tu,&nbsp;Jongwook Park,&nbsp;Jinsoo Kim","doi":"10.1007/s42823-024-00733-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-024-00733-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Electrochemical oxidation and reduction reactions are fundamental in various conversion and energy storage devices. Functional materials derived from MOFs have been considered promising as electrical catalysts for ORR, HER, and OER, which can be used in Zinc-air batteries and water electrolysis. Herein, we designed a novel approach to fabricating the ultrafine Co₉S₈ embedded nitrogen-doped hollow carbon nanocages (Co₉S₈@N-HC). The method involved a process of sulfidation of cobalt-based metal–organic frameworks (ZIF67) and then coating them with polypyrrole (PPy). PPy has notable properties such as high electrical conductivity and abundant nitrogen content, rendering it highly promising for catalytic applications. The Co₉S₈@N-HC catalyst was successfully synthesized via the carbonization of CoS_x@PPy. Remarkably, the Co₉S₈@N-HC catalyst demonstrated exceptional electrocatalytic activity, requiring only low overpotentials of 285 mV and 201 mV at 10 mA cm^‒2 for OER and HER, respectively, and exhibited high activity for ORR, with an onset potential (E_onset) of 0.923 V and half-wave potential (E_1/2) of 0.879 V in alkaline media. The electrocatalytic efficiency displayed by Co₉S₈@N-HC opens a new line of research on the synergistic effect of MOF-PPy materials on energy storage and conversion.</p>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"34 7","pages":"1915 - 1925"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140615462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature effects on the properties of solid carbon from natural gas pyrolysis in molten tin","authors":"Shashank Reddy Patlolla,&nbsp;Amir Sharafian,&nbsp;Kyle Katsu,&nbsp;Walter Mérida","doi":"10.1007/s42823-024-00716-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-024-00716-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Natural gas pyrolysis produces hydrogen and solid carbon at high temperatures in an oxygen-free environment. This study has evaluated the characteristics of solid carbon obtained from the pyrolysis of methane and natural gas by using molten tin (Sn) at 900–1000 °C. Material characterization outcomes revealed that solid carbon produced at 1000 °C has a spherical morphology. At this temperature, methane and natural gas pyrolysis have resulted in the arrangement of nanocrystalline carbon spheres with average sizes of 635 and 287 nm, respectively. Similarly, pyrolysis at 900 °C and 950 °C has yielded nanocrystalline carbon featuring diverse morphologies such as spheres, fibrous, and irregularly shaped particles. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that solid carbon products obtained from methane and natural gas pyrolysis at 1000 °C have higher thermal stability compared to commercial carbon black N991. Surface area analysis has indicated that solid carbon from natural gas pyrolysis at 1000 °C has 4.3- and 5.3-times higher surface area compared to the commercial carbon black N991 sample and graphite flakes, respectively. These findings offered insights into optimizing pyrolysis reactor design and operation to generate valuable solid carbon by-products while maximizing hydrogen production.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"34 7","pages":"1899 - 1913"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140583288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon nanotubes and montmorillonite reinforced carbon foam composites containing hollow microspheres","authors":"Heng Wang,&nbsp;Bin Wang,&nbsp;Bingyao Su,&nbsp;Yue Cao,&nbsp;Linwei Hou","doi":"10.1007/s42823-024-00727-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42823-024-00727-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Carbon foam composites containing hollow microspheres, reinforced by carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and montmorillonite (MMT), have been developed as the thermal insulation and EMI shielding layer. The effects of additive amounts of CNTs/MMT on microstructure and properties of the carbon foam composites were investigated. Results showed that carbon foam composites had hierarchical porous structure, with CNTs and MMT being relatively uniformly dispersed in the composites. The addition of multiscale additives improved the mechanical, electromagnetic shielding effectiveness and thermal insulation properties of carbon foam composites. The composites containing 0.2 wt.% CNTs and 5 wt.% MMT, showed outstanding compressive strength, up to 8.54 MPa, increased by 116% to pure carbon foam. Their electromagnetic shielding effectiveness was as high as 65 dB, increased by 75%. Due to the hierarchical porous structure and MMT’s heat barrier effect, carbon foam composites presented remarkable thermal insulation properties. The minimum thermal conductivity was 0.45 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹ at 800 °C. Their exceptional thermal protection can also be evidenced by ablation resistance under flame at 1000 °C. Therefore, such multifunctional carbon-based composites are ideal for use in thermal protection.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":506,"journal":{"name":"Carbon Letters","volume":"34 6","pages":"1755 - 1764"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140583014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}